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Sun N, Wang C, Gao P, Wang R, Zhang Y, Qi X. Multifaceted roles and functions of SOX30 in human cancer. CANCER INNOVATION 2024; 3:e107. [PMID: 38946929 PMCID: PMC11212289 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
SRY-box transcription factor 30 (SOX30) participates in tumor cell apoptosis in lung cancer. The occurrence of somatic SOX30 mutations, the expression signature of SOX30 in normal and cancer tissues, the correlation of SOX30 with immune cells and immune-related genes, and the clinical significance of SOX30 in various cancers have stimulated interest in SOX30 as a potential cancer biomarker. SOX30 influences drug sensitivity and tumor immunity in specific cancer types. In this review, we have comprehensively summarized the latest research on the role of SOX30 in cancer by combining bioinformatics evidence and a literature review. We summarize recent research on SOX30 in cancer regarding somatic mutations, trials, transcriptome analysis, clinical information, and SOX30-mediated regulation of malignant phenotypes. Additionally, we report on the diagnostic value of SOX30 mRNA expression levels across different cancer types. This review on the role of SOX30 in cancer progression may provide insights into possible research directions for SOX30 in cancer and a theoretical basis for guiding future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Sun
- Department of Breast and Thyroid SurgeryThe Southwest Hospital of Army Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid SurgeryThe Southwest Hospital of Army Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Pingping Gao
- Department of Breast and Thyroid SurgeryThe Southwest Hospital of Army Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid SurgeryThe Southwest Hospital of Army Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid SurgeryThe Southwest Hospital of Army Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Xiaowei Qi
- Department of Breast and Thyroid SurgeryThe Southwest Hospital of Army Medical UniversityChongqingChina
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Ornos ED, Cando LF, Catral CD, Quebral EP, Tantengco OA, Arevalo MVP, Dee EC. Molecular basis of sex differences in cancer: Perspective from Asia. iScience 2023; 26:107101. [PMID: 37404373 PMCID: PMC10316661 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity globally. Sex differences in cancer are evident in death rates and treatment responses in several cancers. Asian patients have unique cancer epidemiology influenced by their genetic ancestry and sociocultural factors in the region. In this review, we show molecular associations that potentially mediate sex disparities observed in cancer in Asian populations. Differences in sex characteristics are evident at the cytogenetic, genetic, and epigenetic levels mediating processes that include cell cycle, oncogenesis, and metastasis. Larger clinical and in vitro studies that explore mechanisms can confirm the associations of these molecular markers. In-depth studies of these markers can reveal their importance as diagnostics, prognostics, and therapeutic efficacy markers. Sex differences should be considered in designing novel cancer therapeutics in this era of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric David Ornos
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Public Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila 1000, Philippines
- College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, 1000, Philippines
| | - Leslie Faye Cando
- College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, 1000, Philippines
| | | | - Elgin Paul Quebral
- College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, 1000, Philippines
- Virology Laboratory, Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Public Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila 1000, Philippines
- Hawaii Center for AIDS, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Ourlad Alzeus Tantengco
- College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, 1000, Philippines
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila 1000, Philippines
- Department of Biology, College of Science, De La Salle University, Manila 0922, Philippines
| | | | - Edward Christopher Dee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10028, USA
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Chen D, Luo Z, Ye C, Luo Q, Fan W, Chen C, Liu G. Constructing and validating nomograms to predict risk and prognostic factors of distant metastasis in urothelial bladder cancer patients: a population-based retrospective study. BMC Urol 2022; 22:212. [PMID: 36575440 PMCID: PMC9793647 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-022-01166-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urothelial carcinoma is the most common type of bladder cancer worldwide and it has a poor prognosis for patients with distant metastasis. Nomograms are frequently used in clinical research, but no research has evaluated the diagnostic and prognostic factors of distant metastasis in urothelial bladder cancer (UBC). METHODS The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database was used to analyze all patients diagnosed with UBC between 2000 and 2017. Lasso regression was used to identify the potential risk predictive factors for distant metastasis in UBC. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were performed to determine independent prognostic factors for distant metastasis urothelial bladder cancer (DMUBC). Subsequently, two nomograms were constructed based on the above models. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC), and calibration curves were performed to evaluate the two nomograms. RESULTS The study included 73,264 patients with UBC, with 2,129 (2.9%) having distant metastasis at the time of diagnosis. In the diagnostic model, tumor size, histologic type, and stage N and T were all important risk predictive factors for distant metastasis of UBC. In the prognostic model, age, tumor size, surgery, and chemotherapy were independent factors affecting the prognosis of DMUBC. DCA, ROC, calibration, and Kaplan-Meier (K-M) survival curves reveal that the two nomograms can effectively predict the diagnosis and prognosis of DMUBC. CONCLUSION The developed nomograms are practical methods for predicting the occurrence risk and prognosis of distant metastasis urothelial bladder cancer patients, which may benefit the clinical decision-making process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Chen
- Department of Urology and Reproductive Andrology, The Nanxishan Hospital, Guilin, Guangxi China
| | - Zhihua Luo
- grid.410652.40000 0004 6003 7358Department of Health Management, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Research Center of Health Management, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi China
| | - Chaoping Ye
- Department of Urology and Reproductive Andrology, The Nanxishan Hospital, Guilin, Guangxi China
| | - Quanhai Luo
- Department of Urology and Reproductive Andrology, The Reproductive Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi China
| | - Wenji Fan
- Department of Urology andrology, The Nanning Second People’s Hospital, Nanning, 530021 China
| | - Changsheng Chen
- grid.410652.40000 0004 6003 7358Department of Urology, Research Center of Health Management, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Urology and Reproductive Andrology, The Reproductive Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi China
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Li C, Li P, Yu L, Sun Q, Gu B, Sun Y, Sun L. SOX30 Overexpression Reflects Tumor Invasive Degree, Lymph Node Metastasis and Predicts Better Survival in Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Long-Term Follow-Up Cohort Study. Front Surg 2022; 9:898952. [PMID: 35836594 PMCID: PMC9273907 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.898952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Sex-determining region Y-box containing gene 30 (SOX30) takes part in the progression of several cancers, while its clinical engagement in colorectal cancer (CRC) is obscure. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the association of SOX30 with clinicopathological features and prognosis in CRC patients. Methods Tumor and adjacent noncancerous specimens of 195 CRC patients who received resection were acquired. Furthermore, an immunohistochemistry assay was performed to detect SOX30 protein expression in these specimens; meanwhile, SOX30 mRNA expression was determined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay in 95 out of 195 specimens. Moreover, clinical characteristics and survival data (follow-up duration median (range): 71.0 (7.0-95.0) months) of CRC patients were gathered. Results SOX30 protein and mRNA expressions were both decreased in CRC tumor tissue compared to adjacent tissue (both P < 0.001). Furthermore, a negative correlation was found in tumor SOX30 protein expression with tumor size (P = 0.049), lymph node (LYN) metastasis (P = 0.018), T stage (P = 0.001), N stage (P = 0.034), and TNM stage (P = 0.001); tumor SOX30 mRNA expression was also negatively correlated with LYN metastasis (P = 0.001), T stage (P = 0.019), N stage (P = 0.004), and TNM stage (P < 0.001). Furthermore, tumor SOX30 protein expression was positively correlated with overall survival (OS) (P = 0.017), while tumor SOX30 mRNA expression was not correlated with OS (P = 0.070). Multivariate Cox’s regression analysis illustrated that tumor SOX30 protein high expression was an independent factor for favorable OS (hazard ratio: 0.525, P = 0.034). Conclusions SOX30 has potential as a biomarker for the progression and prognostication of CRC, which might improve the management of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Cangzhou People’s Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Cangzhou People’s Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Lulu Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Cangzhou People’s Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Qingsen Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Cangzhou People’s Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Bin Gu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Cangzhou People’s Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Yanhua Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Cangzhou People’s Hospital, Cangzhou, China
- Correspondence: Yanhua Sun
| | - Liansheng Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Cangzhou People’s Hospital, Cangzhou, China
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Advance of SOX Transcription Factors in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: From Role, Tumor Immune Relevance to Targeted Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14051165. [PMID: 35267473 PMCID: PMC8909699 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the deadliest human health burdens worldwide. However, the molecular mechanism of HCC development is still not fully understood. Sex determining region Y-related high-mobility group box (SOX) transcription factors not only play pivotal roles in cell fate decisions during development but also participate in the initiation and progression of cancer. Given the significance of SOX factors in cancer and their ‘undruggable’ properties, we summarize the role and molecular mechanism of SOX family members in HCC and the regulatory effect of SOX factors in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) of various cancers. For the first time, we analyze the association between the levels of SOX factors and that of immune components in HCC, providing clues to the pivotal role of SOX factors in the TIME of HCC. We also discuss the opportunities and challenges of targeting SOX factors for cancer. Abstract Sex determining region Y (SRY)-related high-mobility group (HMG) box (SOX) factors belong to an evolutionarily conserved family of transcription factors that play essential roles in cell fate decisions involving numerous developmental processes. In recent years, the significance of SOX factors in the initiation and progression of cancers has been gradually revealed, and they act as potential therapeutic targets for cancer. However, the research involving SOX factors is still preliminary, given that their effects in some leading-edge fields such as tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) remain obscure. More importantly, as a class of ‘undruggable’ molecules, targeting SOX factors still face considerable challenges in achieving clinical translation. Here, we mainly focus on the roles and regulatory mechanisms of SOX family members in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one of the fatal human health burdens worldwide. We then detail the role of SOX members in remodeling TIME and analyze the association between SOX members and immune components in HCC for the first time. In addition, we emphasize several alternative strategies involved in the translational advances of SOX members in cancer. Finally, we discuss the alternative strategies of targeting SOX family for cancer and propose the opportunities and challenges they face based on the current accumulated studies and our understanding.
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Han F, Yin L, Jiang X, Zhang X, Zhang N, Yang J, Ouyang W, Hao X, Liu W, Huang Y, Chen H, Gao F, Li Z, Guo Q, Cao J, Liu J. Identification of SRY-box 30 as an age-related essential gatekeeper for male germ-cell meiosis and differentiation. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13343. [PMID: 33721419 PMCID: PMC8135013 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Although important factors governing the meiosis have been reported in the embryonic ovary, meiosis in postnatal testis remains poorly understood. Herein, we first report that SRY‐box 30 (Sox30) is an age‐related and essential regulator of meiosis in the postnatal testis. Sox30‐null mice exhibited uniquely impaired testis, presenting the abnormal arrest of germ‐cell differentiation and irregular Leydig cell proliferation. In aged Sox30‐null mice, the observed testicular impairments were more severe. Furthermore, the germ‐cell arrest occurred at the stage of meiotic zygotene spermatocytes, which is strongly associated with critical regulators of meiosis (such as Cyp26b1, Stra8 and Rec8) and sex differentiation (such as Rspo1, Foxl2, Sox9, Wnt4 and Ctnnb1). Mechanistically, Sox30 can activate Stra8 and Rec8, and inhibit Cyp26b1 and Ctnnb1 by direct binding to their promoters. A different Sox30 domain required for regulating the activity of these gene promoters, providing a “fail‐safe” mechanism for Sox30 to facilitate germ‐cell differentiation. Indeed, retinoic acid levels were reduced owing to increased degradation following the elevation of Cyp26b1 in Sox30‐null testes. Re‐expression of Sox30 in Sox30‐null mice successfully restored germ‐cell meiosis, differentiation and Leydig cell proliferation. Moreover, the restoration of actual fertility appeared to improve over time. Consistently, Rec8 and Stra8 were reactivated, and Cyp26b1 and Ctnnb1 were reinhibited in the restored testes. In summary, Sox30 is necessary, sufficient and age‐associated for germ‐cell meiosis and differentiation in testes by direct regulating critical regulators. This study advances our understanding of the regulation of germ‐cell meiosis and differentiation in the postnatal testis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Han
- Institute of Toxicology College of Preventive Medicine Army Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Li Yin
- Institute of Toxicology College of Preventive Medicine Army Medical University Chongqing China
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering Chongqing University of Technology Chongqing China
| | - Xiao Jiang
- Institute of Toxicology College of Preventive Medicine Army Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Institute of Toxicology College of Preventive Medicine Army Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Institute of Toxicology College of Preventive Medicine Army Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Jun‐tang Yang
- Institute of Toxicology College of Preventive Medicine Army Medical University Chongqing China
- College of Life Science Henan Normal University Henan China
| | - Wei‐ming Ouyang
- Office of Biotechnology Products Center for Drug Evaluation and Research U.S. Food and Drug Administration Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - Xiang‐lin Hao
- Department of Pathology Xinqiao HospitalArmy Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Wen‐bin Liu
- Institute of Toxicology College of Preventive Medicine Army Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Yong‐sheng Huang
- Institute of Toxicology College of Preventive Medicine Army Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Hong‐qiang Chen
- Institute of Toxicology College of Preventive Medicine Army Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Fei Gao
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg DK Denmark
| | - Zhong‐tai Li
- Department of Urology Daping HospitalArmy Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Qiao‐nan Guo
- Department of Pathology Xinqiao HospitalArmy Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Jia Cao
- Institute of Toxicology College of Preventive Medicine Army Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Jin‐yi Liu
- Institute of Toxicology College of Preventive Medicine Army Medical University Chongqing China
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Olbromski M, Podhorska-Okołów M, Dzięgiel P. Role of SOX Protein Groups F and H in Lung Cancer Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113235. [PMID: 33152990 PMCID: PMC7692225 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The expression of SOX proteins has been demonstrated in many tissues at various stages of embryogenesis, where they play the role of transcription factors. The SOX18 protein (along with SOX7 and SOX17) belongs to the SOXF group and is mainly involved in the development of the cardiovascular system, where its expression was found in the endothelium. SOX18 expression was also demonstrated in neoplastic lines of gastric, pancreatic and colon adenocarcinomas. The prognostic role of SOX30 expression has only been studied in lung adenocarcinomas, where a low expression of this factor in the stromal tumor was associated with a worse prognosis for patients. Because of the complexity of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) development, the role of the SOX proteins in this malignancy is still not fully understood. Many recently published papers show that SOX family protein members play a crucial role in the progression of NSCLC. Abstract The SOX family proteins are proved to play a crucial role in the development of the lymphatic ducts and the cardiovascular system. Moreover, an increased expression level of the SOX18 protein has been found in many malignances, such as melanoma, stomach, pancreatic breast and lung cancers. Another SOX family protein, the SOX30 transcription factor, is responsible for the development of male germ cells. Additionally, recent studies have shown its proapoptotic character in non-small cell lung cancer cells. Our preliminary studies showed a disparity in the amount of mRNA of the SOX18 gene relative to the amount of protein. This is why our attention has been focused on microRNA (miRNA) molecules, which could regulate the SOX18 gene transcript level. Recent data point to the fact that, in practically all types of cancer, hundreds of genes exhibit an abnormal methylation, covering around 5–10% of the thousands of CpG islands present in the promoter sequences, which in normal cells should not be methylated from the moment the embryo finishes its development. It has been demonstrated that in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases there is a large heterogeneity of the methylation process. The role of the SOX18 and SOX30 expression in non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) is not yet fully understood. However, if we take into account previous reports, these proteins may be important factors in the development and progression of these malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Olbromski
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-717-841-354; Fax: +48-717-840-082
| | - Marzenna Podhorska-Okołów
- Department of Ultrastructural Research, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Piotr Dzięgiel
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Department of Physiotherapy, University School of Physical Education, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland
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Liu C, Liu Y, Tian J, Zhang S, Li X, Zhai X, Feng Q. High expression of SRY-box transcription factor 30 associates with well differentiation, absent lymph node metastasis and predicts longer survival in nonsmall-cell lung cancer patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e20122. [PMID: 32443323 PMCID: PMC7254043 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000020122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate SRY-box transcription factor 30 (SOX30) expression in nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumor tissues and adjacent noncancerous tissues, and further explore the correlation of tumor SOX30 expression with clinical characteristics and survival profiles in patients with NSCLC.Totally, 365 patients with NSCLC who underwent resection were screened, and SOX30 expression was detected in their tumor tissues and adjacent noncancerous tissues via immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay, which was assessed by a semiquantitative method considering the multiplying staining intensity score and staining density score. According to the tumor SOX30 expression, patients were categorized as tumor SOX30 low (IHC score ≤3) and high (IHC score 4-12) patients, the latter were further divided into tumor SOX30 high+ (IHC score 4-6), high++ (IHC score 7-9), and high+++ (IHC score 10-12) patients.SOX30 was downregulated in NSCLC tumor tissues compared with adjacent noncancerous tissues. Meanwhile, tumor SOX30 high expression associated with well differentiation, absent lymph node metastasis, decreased TNM stage, but did not associated with age, gender, history of smoke and drink, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, tumor size, or carcinoembryonic antigen level. Both accumulating disease-free survival and overall survival were the longest in tumor SOX30 high+++ patients, followed by tumor SOX30 high++ patients, and tumor SOX30 high+ patients, and the shortest in tumor SOX30 low patients. Besides, tumor SOX30 high expression was an independent predictor for longer disease-free survival and overall survival.Tumor SOX30 exhibits the potential to be a novel biomarker for survival prediction of patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine
| | | | - Jun Tian
- Department of Respiratory Medicine
| | | | | | - Xiemin Zhai
- Quality Control Office, Cangzhou People's Hosptial, Cangzhou
| | - Qiang Feng
- Department of Cardiology, HanDan Central Hospital, Han Dan, China
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Peng H, Luo Y, Wu J, Yin W. Correlation of sex-determining region Y-box 30 with tumor characteristics and its prognostic value in breast cancer. J Clin Lab Anal 2020; 34:e23232. [PMID: 32157740 PMCID: PMC7307353 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Sex‐determining region Y‐box 30 (SOX30) suppresses progression of several cancers, whereas its role in breast cancer is unclear. Therefore, we aimed to determine the correlation of SOX30 with tumor characteristics and prognosis in breast cancer patients. Methods The tumor samples of 510 breast cancer patients who underwent resection were obtained, and SOX30 expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Clinical characteristics, disease‐free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) of breast cancer patients were recorded. Results There were 368 breast cancer patients in SOX30 low‐expression group and 142 in SOX30 high‐expression group. SOX30 was negatively correlated with tumor size (P = .010), tumor (T) stage (P < .001), node (N) stage (P = .001), and tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) stage (P < .001) in breast cancer patients. For prognosis, patients in SOX30 high‐expression group had prolonged DFS (P = .011) and OS (P = .002); moreover, increased SOX30 grade (assessed by semi‐quantitative scoring method assessment) was correlated with better DFS (P = .015) and OS (P = .014). Univariate Cox's regression analysis disclosed that SOX30 high expression was correlated with enhanced DFS (P = .012, hazard ratio (HR) = 0.582) and OS (P = .002, HR = 0.389); however, multivariate Cox's regression analysis revealed that SOX30 could not independently predict DFS (P = .224, HR = 0.766) or OS (P = .087, HR = 0.582) in breast cancer patients, indicating it might interact with other independent predictive factors (such as pathological differentiation, T stage, and N stage) to influence DFS and OS in breast cancer patients. Conclusion Sex‐determining region Y‐box 30 is a potential prognostic biomarker in breast cancer, which might contribute to the better outcome of breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Peng
- Comprehensive Department, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Luo
- Comprehensive Department, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Comprehensive Department, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wanling Yin
- Comprehensive Department, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Fu Q, Sun Z, Yang F, Mao T, Gao Y, Wang H. SOX30, a target gene of miR-653-5p, represses the proliferation and invasion of prostate cancer cells through inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2019; 24:71. [PMID: 31889959 PMCID: PMC6929505 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-019-0195-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sex-determining region Y-box containing gene 30 (SOX30) is a newly identified tumor-associated gene in several types of cancer. However, whether SOX30 is involved in the development and progression of prostate cancer remains unknown. This study investigated the potential role of SOX30 in prostate cancer. METHODS Prostate cancer cell lines and a normal prostate epithelial cell line were used for the experiments. The expression of SOX30 was determined using quantitative real-time PCR and western blot analysis. The malignant cellular behaviors of prostate cancer were assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation and Matrigel invasion assays. The miRNA-mRNA interaction was validated using the dual-luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS SOX30 expression was lower in cells of prostate cancer lines than in cells of the normal prostate epithelial line. Its overexpression repressed the proliferation and invasion of prostate cancer cells. SOX30 was identified as a target gene of microRNA-653-5p (miR-653-5p), which is upregulated in prostate cancer tissues. MiR-653-5p overexpression decreased SOX30 expression, while its inhibition increased SOX30 expression in prostate cancer cells. MiR-653-5p inhibition also markedly restricted prostate cancer cell proliferation and invasion. SOX30 overexpression or miR-653-5p inhibition significantly reduced β-catenin expression and downregulated the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. SOX30 knockdown significantly reversed the miR-653-5p inhibition-mediated inhibitory effect on the proliferation, invasion and Wnt/β-catenin signaling in prostate cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS These results reveal a tumor suppressive function for SOX30 in prostate cancer and confirmed the gene as a target of miR-653-5p. SOX30 upregulation due to miR-653-5p inhibition restricted the proliferation and invasion of prostate cancer cells, and this was associated with Wnt/β-catenin signaling suppression. These findings highlight the importance of the miR-653-5p-SOX30-Wnt/β-catenin signaling axis in prostate cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Fu
- Department of Urology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi’an, 710038 Shaanxi China
| | - Zhenye Sun
- Department of Urology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi’an, 710038 Shaanxi China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Urology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi’an, 710038 Shaanxi China
| | - Tianci Mao
- Department of Urology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi’an, 710038 Shaanxi China
| | - Yanyao Gao
- Department of Urology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi’an, 710038 Shaanxi China
| | - He Wang
- Department of Urology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi’an, 710038 Shaanxi China
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Kumar P, Mistri TK. Transcription factors in SOX family: Potent regulators for cancer initiation and development in the human body. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 67:105-113. [PMID: 31288067 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) have a key role in controlling the gene regulatory network that sustains explicit cell states in humans. However, an uncontrolled regulation of these genes potentially results in a wide range of diseases, including cancer. Genes of the SOX family are indeed crucial as deregulation of SOX family TFs can potentially lead to changes in cell fate as well as irregular cell growth. SOX TFs are a conserved group of transcriptional regulators that mediate DNA binding through a highly conserved high-mobility group (HMG) domain. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that cell fate and differentiation in major developmental processes are controlled by SOX TFs. Besides; numerous reports indicate that both up- and down-regulation of SOX TFs may induce cancer progression. In this review, we discuss the involvement of key TFs of SOX family in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasann Kumar
- The Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144411, India; The Department of Agronomy, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Tapan Kumar Mistri
- The Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144411, India; The Department of Chemistry, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144411, India.
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Zhang TJ, Wen XM, Zhou JD, Gu Y, Xu ZJ, Guo H, Ma JC, Yuan Q, Chen Q, Lin J, Qian J. SOX30 methylation correlates with disease progression in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:4789-4794. [PMID: 31417278 PMCID: PMC6592060 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s210168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Our previous study has reported that aberrant SOX30 methylation was associated with poor prognosis in AML, and it correlated with disease progression in MDS. Herein, we further determined SOX30 methylation and its clinical significance in the other myeloid malignance - chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Methods SOX30 methylation was examined by real-time quantitative methylation-specific PCR and bisulfite sequencing PCR, whereas SOX30 expression was detected by real-time quantitative PCR. Results SOX30 methylation was identified in 11% (10/95) CML patients. SOX30 methylation was associated with lower hemoglobin and platelets (P=0.006 and 0.032, respectively). Importantly, significant differences were observed in the distributions of clinical stages and cytogenetics (P=0.006 and 0.002, respectively). The frequency of SOX30 methylation in chronic phase (CP) stage occurred with lowest frequency (4/74, 5%), higher in accelerated phase (AP) stage (1/7, 14%), and the highest in blast crisis (BC) stage (12/31, 39%). In addition, SOX30 methylated patients tended to have a higher level of BCR-ABL transcript than SOX30 non-methylated patients (P=0.063). In two paired CML patients, SOX30 methylation showed lower density in CP stage (19% and 17%, respectively), and was significantly increased in BC stage (89% and 69%, respectively) during disease progression. Additionally, SOX30 methylated CML patients presented a lower SOX30 transcript level than SOX30 non-methylated CML patients (P=0.046). Conclusion Our study revealed that SOX30 methylation correlated with disease progression in chronic myeloid leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Juan Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Zhenjiang Clinical Research Center of Hematology , Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,The Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Zhenjiang City , Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Mei Wen
- Zhenjiang Clinical Research Center of Hematology , Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,The Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Zhenjiang City , Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory Center, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Dong Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Zhenjiang Clinical Research Center of Hematology , Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,The Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Zhenjiang City , Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Gu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Zhenjiang Clinical Research Center of Hematology , Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,The Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Zhenjiang City , Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Jun Xu
- Zhenjiang Clinical Research Center of Hematology , Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,The Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Zhenjiang City , Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory Center, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Guo
- Zhenjiang Clinical Research Center of Hematology , Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,The Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Zhenjiang City , Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory Center, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Chun Ma
- Zhenjiang Clinical Research Center of Hematology , Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,The Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Zhenjiang City , Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory Center, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Yuan
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Zhenjiang Clinical Research Center of Hematology , Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,The Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Zhenjiang City , Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Chen
- Zhenjiang Clinical Research Center of Hematology , Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,The Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Zhenjiang City , Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory Center, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Lin
- Zhenjiang Clinical Research Center of Hematology , Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,The Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Zhenjiang City , Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory Center, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Qian
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Zhenjiang Clinical Research Center of Hematology , Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,The Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Zhenjiang City , Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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Han F, Liu WB, Li JJ, Zhang MQ, Yang JT, Zhang X, Hao XL, Yin L, Mao CY, Jiang X, Cao J, Liu JY. SOX30 is a prognostic biomarker and chemotherapeutic indicator for advanced-stage ovarian cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer 2019; 26:303-319. [PMID: 30608899 DOI: 10.1530/erc-18-0529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
New potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for ovarian cancer should be identified. The amplification in chromosomal region 5q31-5q35.3 exhibits the strongest correlation with overall survival (OS) of ovarian cancer. SOX30 coincidentally located at this chromosomal region has been determined as a new important tumor suppressor. However, the prognostic value, role and mechanism of SOX30 in ovarian cancer are unexplored. Here, we reveal that SOX30 is frequently overexpressed in ovarian cancer tissues and is associated with clinical stage and metastasis of ovarian cancer patients. High SOX30 expression predicts better OS and acts as an independent prognostic factor in advanced-stage patients, but is not associated with OS in early-stage patients. Based on the survival analyses, the advanced-stage patients with high SOX30 expression can receive platin- and/or taxol-based chemotherapy, whereas they should not receive chemotherapy containing gemcitabine or topotecan. Functionally, SOX30 strongly inhibits tumor cell migration and invasion in intro and suppresses tumor metastasis in vivo. SOX30 regulates some markers (E-CADHERIN, FIBRONECTIN, N-CADHERIN and VIMENTIN) and prevents the characteristics of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). SOX30 transcriptionally regulates the expression of E-CADHERIN, FIBRONECTIN and N-CADHERIN by binding to their promoters. Restoration of E-CADHERIN and/or N-CADHERIN when overexpressing SOX30 significantly reduces the anti-metastatic role of SOX30. Indeed, chemotherapy treatment containing platin or gemcitabine combined with SOX30 expression influences tumor cell metastasis and the survival of nude mice differently, which is closely associated with EMT. In conclusion, SOX30 antagonizes tumor metastasis by preventing EMT process that can be used to predict survival and incorporated into chemotherapeutics of advanced-stage ovarian cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Han
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wen-Bin Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian-Jun Li
- Department of Oncology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ming-Qian Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Yan'an Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Jun-Tang Yang
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiang-Lin Hao
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Yin
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cheng-Yi Mao
- Department of Pathology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao Jiang
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jia Cao
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin-Yi Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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MicroRNA-645 represses hepatocellular carcinoma progression by inhibiting SOX30-mediated p53 transcriptional activation. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 121:214-222. [PMID: 30312695 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Amount of evidence demonstrate that aberrant microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in tumorigenesis and progression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Among them, miR-645 is recently recognized as cancer-related miRNA and its significance in HCC remains largely unknown. In this study, we reported for the first that miR-645 expression was markedly elevated in HCC tissues and cell lines, and its up-regulation was associated with malignant clinical features, including tumor size and venous infiltration and poor prognosis. Our data revealed that miR-645 promoted cell proliferation, colony formation and inhibited apoptosis by gain- and loss-of function experiments in vitro. In vivo assays showed that miR-645 overexpression enhanced tumor growth. Moreover, miR-645 directly bound to the SOX30 3'-UTR and post-transcriptionally repressed SOX30 expression in HCC cells. Furthermore, miR-645 inversely correlated with SOX30 expression in HCC tissues. Restoration of SOX30 expression at least partially abolished the biological effects of miR-645 on HCC cells. SOX30 regulated HCC progression through aberrant activation of p53 by directly binding to its promoter. Taken together, this research supports the first evidence that miR-645 exerts an oncogenic role in HCC progression and may be a therapeutic target for HCC treatment.
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