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Lombardi AM, Sangiolo D, Vigna E. MET Oncogene Targeting for Cancer Immunotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6109. [PMID: 38892318 PMCID: PMC11173045 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The MET receptor is one of the main drivers of 'invasive growth', a multifaceted biological response essential during embryonic development and tissue repair that is usurped by cancer cells to induce and sustain the malignant phenotype. MET stands out as one of the most important oncogenes activated in cancer and its inhibition has been explored since the initial era of cancer-targeted therapy. Different approaches have been developed to hamper MET signaling and/or reduce MET (over)expression as a hallmark of transformation. Considering the great interest gained by cancer immunotherapy, this review evaluates the opportunity of targeting MET within therapeutic approaches based on the exploitation of immune functions, either in those cases where MET impairment is crucial to induce an effective response (i.e., when MET is the driver of the malignancy), or when blocking MET represents a way for potentiating the treatment (i.e., when MET is an adjuvant of tumor fitness).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elisa Vigna
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10043 Torino, Italy; (A.M.L.); (D.S.)
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Grossmann NC, Mischo A, Rupp NJ, Hermanns T. Peritoneal carcinomatosis of a cystic papillary renal cell carcinoma following intraoperative cyst rupture during partial nephrectomy: A case report and review of the literature. CURRENT PROBLEMS IN CANCER: CASE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpccr.2022.100198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Sun Z, Xia B, Zhang M, Xu S, Ma Y, Zhang X. Case report: Prompt response to radiotherapy and chemotherapy combined with crizotinib in gingival sarcomatoid squamous cell carcinoma with MET 14 mutation. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1006516. [PMID: 36147925 PMCID: PMC9486213 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1006516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundAs a kind of squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck (HNSCC), gingival sarcomatoid squamous cell carcinoma (GSSCC) is a rare biphasic malignant neoplasm. To date, surgical resection was often utilized for gingival squamous cell carcinoma (GSCC), while for patients with advanced gingival carcinoma who cannot tolerate surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy can be regarded as a treatment strategy. Many molecular-targeted drugs were investigated and approved for the treatment of malignant diseases, including hematologic diseases and solid tumors. Although targeted therapies such as EGFR inhibitors have shown therapeutic efficacy in HNSCC, there are still some patients who cannot benefit from it. New therapeutic targets and strategies should be further explored.Case presentationAn 83-year-old woman was referred to our hospital with left lower gingival mass for more than 1 month in June 2021. Pathologic diagnosis is sarcomatoid squamous cell carcinoma. Due to the large tumor at the time of diagnosis and poor quality of life, the patient was intolerant to surgery, so she was given radiotherapy (RT) combined with concurrent chemotherapy (CT) with albumin bound paclitaxel. According to next-generation sequencing (NGS) results (MET exon 14 skipping mutation-positive), she was treated with crizotinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets MET. Through the comprehensive treatment, the patient’s condition promptly improved, clinical complete remission (CR) was achieved in 2 months, and 9-month progression-free survival (PFS) was obtained. She finally died from non-cancer-related diseases.ConclusionHere we report the treatment of a GSSCC patient with MET mutation, who responded to crizotinib promptly and positively. It provides a new reference for understanding MET abnormalities in GSSCC and offers a new idea for the targeted treatment of gingival carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- Graduate School of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Bingjie Xia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- Graduate School of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- *Correspondence: Ming Zhang,
| | - Shuai Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- Graduate School of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Yingqian Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xianbo Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
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Repurposing of the ALK Inhibitor Crizotinib for Acute Leukemia and Multiple Myeloma Cells. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14111126. [PMID: 34832908 PMCID: PMC8617756 DOI: 10.3390/ph14111126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Crizotinib was a first generation of ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved for the treatment of ALK-positive non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) patients. COMPARE and cluster analyses of transcriptomic data of the NCI cell line panel indicated that genes with different cellular functions regulated the sensitivity or resistance of cancer cells to crizotinib. Transcription factor binding motif analyses in gene promoters divulged two transcription factors possibly regulating the expression of these genes, i.e., RXRA and GATA1, which are important for leukemia and erythroid development, respectively. COMPARE analyses also implied that cell lines of various cancer types displayed varying degrees of sensitivity to crizotinib. Unexpectedly, leukemia but not lung cancer cells were the most sensitive cells among the different types of NCI cancer cell lines. Re-examining this result in another panel of cell lines indeed revealed that crizotinib exhibited potent cytotoxicity towards acute myeloid leukemia and multiple myeloma cells. P-glycoprotein-overexpressing CEM/ADR5000 leukemia cells were cross-resistant to crizotinib. NCI-H929 multiple myeloma cells were the most sensitive cells. Hence, we evaluated the mode of action of crizotinib on these cells. Although crizotinib is a TKI, it showed highest correlation rates with DNA topoisomerase II inhibitors and tubulin inhibitors. The altered gene expression profiles after crizotinib treatment predicted several networks, where TOP2A and genes related to cell cycle were downregulated. Cell cycle analyses showed that cells incubated with crizotinib for 24 h accumulated in the G2M phase. Crizotinib also increased the number of p-H3(Ser10)-positive NCI-H929 cells illustrating crizotinib's ability to prevent mitotic exit. However, cells accumulated in the sub-G0G1 fraction with longer incubation periods, indicating apoptosis induction. Additionally, crizotinib disassembled the tubulin network of U2OS cells expressing an α-tubulin-GFP fusion protein, preventing migration of cancer cells. This result was verified by in vitro tubulin polymerization assays. In silico molecular docking also revealed a strong binding affinity of crizotinib to the colchicine and Vinca alkaloid binding sites. Taken together, these results demonstrate that crizotinib destabilized microtubules. Additionally, the decatenation assay showed that crizotinib partwise inhibited the catalytic activity of DNA topoisomerase II. In conclusion, crizotinib exerted kinase-independent cytotoxic effects through the dual inhibition of tubulin polymerization and topoisomerase II and might be used to treat not only NSCLC but also multiple myeloma.
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Attalla K, DiNatale RG, Rappold PM, Fong CJ, Sanchez-Vega F, Silagy AW, Weng S, Coleman J, Lee CH, Carlo MI, Durack JC, Solomon SB, Reuter VE, Russo P, Chan TA, Motzer RJ, Schultz ND, Reznik E, Voss MH, Hakimi AA. Prevalence and Landscape of Actionable Genomic Alterations in Renal Cell Carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:5595-5606. [PMID: 34261695 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-4058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We report our experience with next-generation sequencing to characterize the landscape of actionable genomic alterations in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN A query of our institutional clinical sequencing database (MSK-IMPACT) was performed that included tumor samples from 38,468 individuals across all cancer types. Somatic variations were annotated using a precision knowledge database (OncoKB) and the available clinical data stratified by level of evidence. Alterations associated with response to immune-checkpoint blockade (ICB) were analyzed separately; these included DNA mismatch repair (MMR) gene alterations, tumor mutational burden (TMB), and microsatellite instability (MSI). Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) consortium as well as public data from several clinical trials in metastatic RCC were used for validation purposes. Multiregional sequencing data from the TRAcking Cancer Evolution through Therapy (TRACERx) RENAL cohort were used to assess the clonality of somatic mutations. RESULTS Of the 753 individuals with RCC identified in the MSK-IMPACT cohort, 115 showed evidence of targetable alterations, which represented a prevalence of 15.3% [95% confidence interval (CI), 12.7%-17.8%). When stratified by levels of evidence, the alterations identified corresponded to levels 2 (11.3%), 3A (5.2%), and 3B (83.5%). A low prevalence was recapitulated in the TCGA cohort at 9.1% (95% CI, 6.9%-11.2%). Copy-number variations predominated in papillary RCC tumors, largely due to amplifications in the MET gene. Notably, higher rates of actionability were found in individuals with metastatic disease (stage IV) compared with those with localized disease (OR, 2.50; 95% CI, 1.16-6.16; Fisher's P = 0.01). On the other hand, the prevalence of alterations associated with response to ICB therapy was found to be approximately 5% in both the MSK-IMPACT and TCGA cohorts and no associations with disease stage were identified (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 0.46-5.40; P = 0.8). Finally, multiregional sequencing revealed that the vast majority of actionable mutations occurred later during tumor evolution and were only present subclonally in RCC tumors. CONCLUSIONS RCC harbors a low prevalence of clinically actionable alterations compared with other tumors and the evidence supporting their clinical use is limited. These aberrations were found to be more common in advanced disease and seem to occur later during tumor evolution. Our study provides new insights on the role of targeted therapies for RCC and highlights the need for additional research to improve treatment selection using genomic profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyrollis Attalla
- Department of Surgery, Urology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Renzo G DiNatale
- Department of Surgery, Urology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Computational Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Immunogenomics and Precision Oncology Platform, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Phillip M Rappold
- Department of Surgery, Urology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Christopher J Fong
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Francisco Sanchez-Vega
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Computational Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Andrew W Silagy
- Department of Surgery, Urology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Stanley Weng
- Department of Surgery, Urology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Jonathan Coleman
- Department of Surgery, Urology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Chung-Han Lee
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Maria I Carlo
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Jeremy C Durack
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Stephen B Solomon
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Victor E Reuter
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Paul Russo
- Department of Surgery, Urology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Timothy A Chan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Robert J Motzer
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Nikolaus D Schultz
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Ed Reznik
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Computational Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Martin H Voss
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
| | - A Ari Hakimi
- Department of Surgery, Urology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York. .,Immunogenomics and Precision Oncology Platform, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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MET alterations in biphasic squamoid alveolar papillary renal cell carcinomas and clinicopathological features. Mod Pathol 2021; 34:647-659. [PMID: 32770124 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-020-0645-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Biphasic squamoid alveolar papillary renal cell carcinoma (BSA-PRCC) is a recently studied lesion considered a morphologic variant of papillary renal cell carcinoma (RCC), more closely related to type 1. Considering the role of proto-oncogene MET in both sporadic type 1 papillary RCC and hereditary papillary RCC, we aimed to explore the role of MET activation in the oncogenesis of BSA-PRCC. We identified 17 patients with either unique (n = 14) or multiple (n = 3) BSA-PRCC, all localized, and performed an integrative analysis of MET status in 18 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumors combining next-generation sequencing analysis, fluorescent in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. Trisomy 7 was found in 86% of tumors (14/16) without MET amplification at 7q31 (15/15). A pathogenic MET genetic variant was identified in 60% (9/15) of cases, at the germline level in 57% (4/7) of tested patients or at the somatic level (5/11). MET expression was observed in all tumors with a higher value of combined score in large cells (mean 97%, range 80-100%) than in small cells (mean 74%, range 10-100%) and was lower in two cases without MET copy number gain. In conclusion, our study provides additional evidence to consider biphasic squamoid alveolar papillary RCC as a morphological variant of type 1 papillary renal RCC. Our data strongly suggest that MET represents a major oncogenic driver gene in BSA-PRCC, harboring a higher frequency of MET mutation that encourages to further explore the benefice of anti-MET targeted therapies for aggressive BSA-PRCC.
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Yu J, Chen GG, Lai PBS. Targeting hepatocyte growth factor/c-mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor axis in hepatocellular carcinoma: Rationale and therapeutic strategies. Med Res Rev 2020; 41:507-524. [PMID: 33026703 DOI: 10.1002/med.21738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. The outcome of current standard treatments, as well as targeted therapies in advanced stages, are still unsatisfactory. Attention has been drawn to novel strategies for better treatment efficacy. Hepatocyte growth factor/c-mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (HGF/c-Met) axis has been known as an essential element in the regulation of liver diseases and as an oncogenic factor in HCC. In this review, we collected the evidence of HGF/c-Met as a tumor progression and prognostic marker, discussed the anti-c-Met therapy in vitro, summarized the outcome of c-Met inhibitors in clinical trials, and identified potential impetus for future anti-c-Met treatments. We also analyzed the inconsistency of HGF/c-Met from various publications and offered reasonable explanations based on the current understanding in this area. In conclusion, HGF/c-Met plays a crucial role in the progression and growth of HCC, and the strategies to inhibit this pathway may facilitate the development of new and effective treatments for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqing Yu
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - George G Chen
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Paul B S Lai
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Chen SH, Lin F, Zhu JM, Ke ZB, Lin TT, Lin YZ, Xue XY, Wei Y, Zheng QS, Chen YH, Xu N. An immune-related lncRNA prognostic model in papillary renal cell carcinoma: A lncRNA expression analysis. Genomics 2020; 113:531-540. [PMID: 32979493 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To screen several immune-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and construct a prognostic model for papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC). METHODS Transcriptome-sequencing data of pRCC was downloaded and a prognostic model was constructed. Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted and the area under curve (AUC) was calculated. We conducted quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to verify the model. The gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to show the connection of our model with immune pathways. RESULT We identified four lncRNAs to constructed the model. The model was significantly associated with the survival time and survival state. The expression-levels of the four lncRNAs were measured and the prognosis of high-risk patients was significantly worse. The two immune-gene sets had an active performance in the high-risk patients. CONCLUSION We constructed a prognostic model in pRCC which provided more reference for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Hao Chen
- Departments of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Fei Lin
- Departments of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Jun-Ming Zhu
- Departments of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Ke
- Departments of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Ting-Ting Lin
- Departments of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Yun-Zhi Lin
- Departments of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Xue-Yi Xue
- Departments of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Yong Wei
- Departments of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Qing-Shui Zheng
- Departments of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Ye-Hui Chen
- Departments of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China.
| | - Ning Xu
- Departments of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China.
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Dong X, Yuan L, Yao L. Recurrence of ovarian squamous cell carcinoma with MET gene copy number variation: a case report and review of literature. J Ovarian Res 2020; 13:62. [PMID: 32475345 PMCID: PMC7262756 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-020-00659-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Malignant transformation such as ovarian squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in ovarian mature cystic teratoma (OMCT) is a rare tumor. The gene mutation of ovarian SCC remains unclear. We herein report a recurrent case of ovarian squamous cell carcinoma with MET gene copy number variation. Case presentation A 60-year-old woman presented with recurrence of ovarian SCC 8 months after primary surgery. Adhesiolysis, right abdominal wall mass excision, prosthetics, enterectomy, enterostomy and partial cystectomy were performed by laparoscope. Pathologic examination demonstrated metastatic squamous cell carcinoma in ileocecus, rectum and abdominal wall muscle. MET gene copy number was elevated with copy number of six in this case. Postoperatively, the patient was treated with four cycles of combination chemotherapy with docetaxel and carboplatin. The patient was free of disease at 20 months’ follow-up. Conclusions Optimal cytoreductive surgery combined with platinum-based chemotherapy is recommended currently for not only primary tumor but also recurrence. For patients with malignant transformation in OMCT, prompt diagnosis and individualized treatment are crucial for better prognosis. Increased copy number of MET may be correlated with her poor PFS and can be a potential therapeutic target for this case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhui Dong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, 128 Shenyang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200090, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, 128 Shenyang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200090, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangqing Yao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, 128 Shenyang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200090, People's Republic of China.
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Chrzanowska NM, Kowalewski J, Lewandowska MA. Use of Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) in Diagnosis and Tailored Therapies in Solid Tumors. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25081864. [PMID: 32316657 PMCID: PMC7221545 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25081864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a standard technique used in routine diagnostics of genetic aberrations. Thanks to simple FISH procedure is possible to recognize tumor-specific abnormality. Its applications are limited to designed probe type. Gene rearrangements e.g., ALK, ROS1 reflecting numerous translocational partners, deletions of critical regions e.g., 1p and 19q, gene fusions e.g., COL1A1-PDGFB, genomic imbalances e.g., 6p, 6q, 11q and amplifications e.g., HER2 are targets in personalized oncology. Confirmation of genetic marker is frequently a direct indication to start specific, targeted treatment. In other cases, detected aberration helps pathologists to better distinguish soft tissue sarcomas, or to state a final diagnosis. Our main goal is to show that applying FISH to formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sample (FFPE) enables assessing genomic status in the population of cells deriving from a primary tumor or metastasis. Although many more sophisticated techniques are available, like Real-Time PCR or new generation sequencing, FISH remains a commonly used method in many genetic laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Magdalena Chrzanowska
- Molecular Oncology and Genetics Department, Innovative Medical Forum, The F. Lukaszczyk Oncology Center, 85-796 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Janusz Kowalewski
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Tumors, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85-067 Torun, Poland;
| | - Marzena Anna Lewandowska
- Molecular Oncology and Genetics Department, Innovative Medical Forum, The F. Lukaszczyk Oncology Center, 85-796 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Tumors, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85-067 Torun, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-52-3743030
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