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Guo J, Chen Q, Han S, Wang T, Xia K, Yu B, Qiu T, Zhou J. Construction of an autophagy-related genes risk model as predicting prognosis: BAG1 suppresses growth of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 140:112737. [PMID: 39128415 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is increasing annually. While the cure rate and prognosis of early ccRCC are promising, the 5-year survival rate of patients with metastatic ccRCC is below 12%. Autophagy disfunction is closely related to infection, cancer, neurodegeneration and aging. Nevertheless, there has been limited exploration of the association between autophagy and ccRCC through bioinformatics analysis. METHODS A novel risk model of autophagy-related genes (ARGs) was constructed to predict the prognosis of patients with ccRCC and guide the individualized treatment to some extent. Relevant data samples were obtained from the TCGA database, and ccRCC-related ARGs were identified by Pearson correlation analysis, leading to the establishment of a risk model covering 10 ccRCC-related ARGs. Many indicators were used to assess the accuracy of the risk model. RESULTS Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the risk model had high accuracy, indicating that the risk model could predict the prognosis of ccRCC patients. Moreover, the findings revealed significant differences about immune and metabolic features in low- and high-risk groups. The study also found that BAG1 within the risk model was closely related to the prognosis of ccRCC and an independent risk factor. In vitro and in vivo experiments validated for the first time that BAG1 could suppress the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ccRCC. CONCLUSION The construction of ARGs risk model, can well predict the prognosis of ccRCC patients, and provide guidance for individual therapy to patients. It was also found that BAG1 has significant prognostic value for ccRCC patients and acts as a tumor suppressor gene in ccRCC. These findings have crucial implications for the prognosis and treatment of ccRCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Guo
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Wuhan University Institute of Urological Disease, 430060 Wuhan, China; Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060 Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Wuhan University Institute of Urological Disease, 430060 Wuhan, China
| | - Shangting Han
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060 Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tianyu Wang
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Kang Xia
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tao Qiu
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Jiangqiao Zhou
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Protein Quality Control in Glioblastoma: A Review of the Current Literature with New Perspectives on Therapeutic Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179734. [PMID: 36077131 PMCID: PMC9456419 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein quality control allows eukaryotes to maintain proteostasis under the stress of constantly changing conditions. In this review, we discuss the current literature on PQC, highlighting flaws that must exist for malignancy to occur. At the nidus of PQC, the expression of BAG1-6 reflects the cell environment; each isoform directs proteins toward different, parallel branches of the quality control cascade. The sum of these branches creates a net shift toward either homeostasis or apoptosis. With an established role in ALP, Bag3 is necessary for cell survival in stress conditions including those of the cancerous niche (i.e., hypoxia, hypermutation). Evidence suggests that excessive Bag3–HSP70 activity not only sustains, but also propagates cancers. Its role is anti-apoptotic—which allows malignant cells to persist—and intercellular—with the production of infectious ‘oncosomes’ enabling cancer expansion and recurrence. While Bag3 has been identified as a key prognostic indicator in several cancer types, its investigation is limited regarding glioblastoma. The cochaperone HSP70 has been strongly linked with GBM, while ALP inhibitors have been shown to improve GBM susceptibility to chemotherapeutics. Given the highly resilient, frequently recurrent nature of GBM, the targeting of Bag3 is a necessary consideration for the successful and definitive treatment of GBM.
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Liu Q, Liu J, Huang X. Unraveling the mystery: How bad is BAG3 in hematological malignancies? Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188781. [PMID: 35985611 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
BAG3, also known as BIS and CAIR-1, interacts with Hsp70 via its BAG domain and with other molecules through its WW domain, PXXP repeats and IPV motifs. BAG3 can participate in major cellular pathways including apoptosis, autophagy, cytoskeleton structure, and motility by regulating the expression, location, and activity of its chaperone proteins. As a multifunctional protein, BAG3 is highly expressed in skeletal muscle, cardiomyocytes and multiple tumors, and its intracellular expression can be stimulated by stress. The functions and mechanisms of BAG3 in hematological malignancies have recently been a topic of interest. BAG3 has been confirmed to be involved in the development and chemoresistance of hematological malignancies and to act as a prognostic indicator. Modulation of BAG3 and its corresponding proteins has thus emerged as a promising therapeutic and experimental target. In this review, we consider the characteristics of BAG3 in hematological malignancies as a reference for further clinical and fundamental investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghan Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Jinde Liu
- Department of Respiratory, Dandong Central Hospital, Dandong, Liaoning, China
| | - Xinyue Huang
- The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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