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Sadeq MA, Ashry MH, Ghorab RMF, Afify AY. Causes of death among patients with cutaneous melanoma: a US population-based study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10257. [PMID: 37355743 PMCID: PMC10290704 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37333-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Research on mortality outcomes and non-cancer-related causes of death in patients with cutaneous melanoma (CM) remains limited. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of non-cancer-related deaths following CM diagnosis. The data of 224,624 patients diagnosed with malignant CM in the United States between 2000 and 2019 were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. We stratified our cohort based on their melanoma stage at diagnosis and further calculated standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) for each cause of death, comparing their relative risk to that of the general US population. The total number of fatalities among melanoma patients was 60,110, representing 26.8% of the total cases. The percentage of deaths is directly proportional to the disease stage, reaching 80% in distant melanoma. The highest fatalities among the localized melanoma group (25,332; 60.5%) occurred from non-cancer causes, followed by melanoma-attributable deaths (10,817; 25.8%). Conversely, melanoma is the leading cause of death in regional and distant melanoma cohorts. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases were the most prevalent non-cancer causes of death among the three disease-stage cohorts. Compared to the general population, we did not observe an increased risk of death due to non-cancer causes in the localized CM cohort, while patients diagnosed with regional and distant CMs had a statistically significant higher risk of death from all the reported major causes of death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Ahmed Sadeq
- Faculty of Medicine, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6th of October, Giza, Egypt
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Antoñanzas J, Morello-Vicente A, Garnacho-Saucedo GM, Redondo P, Aguado-Gil L, Salido-Vallejo R. Risk of Second Primary Malignancies in Melanoma Survivors: A Population-Based Study. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15113056. [PMID: 37297018 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15113056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Introduction: The association between melanoma (MM) and the occurrence of second primary neoplasms (SPNs) has been extensively studied, with reported incidence rates ranging from 1.5% to 20%. This study aims to evaluate the occurrence of SPNs in patients with a history of primary MM and to describe the factors that make the risk higher in our population. (2) Material and Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study and calculated the incidence rates and relative risks (RR) for the development of different SPNs in 529 MM survivors from 1 January 2005 to 1 August 2021. Survival and mortality rates were obtained, and the Cox proportional hazards model was used to determine the demographic and MM-related factors that influence the overall risk. (3) Results: Among the 529 patients included, 89 were diagnosed with SPNs (29 prior to MM diagnosis, 11 synchronous, and 49 after MM), resulting in 62 skin tumors and 37 solid organ tumors. The estimated probability of developing SPNs after MM diagnosis was 4.1% at 1 year, 11% at 5 years, and 19% at 10 years. Older age, primary MM location on the face or neck, and histologic subtype of lentigo maligna mm were significantly associated with a higher risk of SPNs. (4) Conclusions: In our population, the risk of developing SPNs was higher in patients with primary MM located on the face and neck and with the histological subtype of lentigo maligna-MM. Age also independently influences the risk. Understanding these hazard factors can aid in the development of MM guidelines with specific follow-up recommendations for individuals with the highest risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Antoñanzas
- Dermatology Department, University Clinic of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | | | | | - Pedro Redondo
- Dermatology Department, University Clinic of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Leyre Aguado-Gil
- Dermatology Department, University Clinic of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Rafael Salido-Vallejo
- Dermatology Department, University Clinic of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Dermatology Department, Reina Sofía University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
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Sun H, Li Y, Zeng F, Meng Y, Du S, Deng G. Melanoma survivors are at increased risk for second primary keratinocyte carcinoma. Int J Dermatol 2022; 61:1397-1404. [PMID: 35726477 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.16309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent large cohorts have reported that melanoma survivors are at risk of developing second keratinocyte carcinoma (KC). However, the detailed proportion and risk are still unknown. We aimed to comprehensively analyze the risk of developing keratinocyte carcinoma after primary melanoma. METHODS We conducted systematic literature research in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library published prior to September 13, 2021. Proportion and standardized incidence ratios (SIR) with its corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were pooled for assessing the risk. RESULTS A total of 15 studies encompassing 168,286 patients were included in our analysis. The pooled proportions of melanoma survivors that developed a subsequent basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and KC were 4.11% (95% CI, 1.32-6.90), 2.54% (95% CI, 1.78-3.31), and 5.45% (95% CI, 3.06-7.84), respectively. The risks of developing a second BCC, SCC, and KC in melanoma survivors were 5.3-fold (SIR 5.30; 95% CI, 4.87-5.77), 2.6-fold (SIR 2.58; 95% CI, 1.33-5.04), and 6.2-fold (SIR 6.17; 95% CI, 3.66-10.39) increased in comparison with the general population. Both fixed effects and random effects models were applied in conducting meta-analysis and reached a consistent conclusion. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated melanoma survivors are at elevated risk of experiencing second primary BCC and SCC, which suggested the significance of surveillance for second primary KC and efforts for prevention in patients with a history of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyan Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yayun Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Furong Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Meng
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Songtao Du
- Department of Colorectal Surgical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Guangtong Deng
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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