Trends in hospitalization and in-hospital mortality rates among patients with lung cancer in Spain between 2010 and 2020

Hospitalization burden associated with anus and penis neoplasm in Spain (2016-2020)

In 2020, there were approximately 50,865 anal cancer cases and 36,068 penile cancer cases worldwide. HPV is considered the main causal agent for the development of anal cancer and one of the causal agents responsible for the development of penile cancer. The aim of this epidemiological, descriptive, retrospective study was to describe the burden of hospitalization associated with anal neoplasms in men and women and with penis neoplasms in men in Spain from 2016 to 2020. The National Hospital Data Surveillance System of the Ministry of Health, Conjunto Mínimo Básico de Datos, provided the discharge information used in this observational retrospective analysis. A total of 3,542 hospitalizations due to anal cancer and 4,270 hospitalizations due to penile cancer were found; For anal cancer, 57.4% of the hospitalizations occurred in men, and these hospitalizations were also associated with significantly younger mean age, longer hospital stays and greater costs than those in women. HIV was diagnosed in 11.19% of the patients with anal cancer and 1.74% of the patients with penile cancer. The hospitalization rate was 2.07 for men and 1.45 for women per 100,000 in anal cancer and of 4.38 per 100,000 men in penile cancer. The mortality rate was 0.21 for men and 0.12 for women per 100,000 in anal cancer and 0.31 per 100.000 men in penile cancer and the case-fatality rate was 10.07% in men and 8,26% in women for anal cancer and 7.04% in penile cancer. HIV diagnosis significantly increased the cost of hospitalization. For all the studied diagnoses, the median length of hospital stays and hospitalization cost increased with age. Our study offers relevant data on the burden of hospitalization for anal and penile cancer in Spain. This information can be useful for future assessment on the impact of preventive measures, such as screening or vaccination in Spain.

Temporal trend in hospitalizations for malignant neoplasm and benign neoplasm: a nationwide study, China, 2004-2020

The increasing cancer burden calls for reliably assessed changes in the hospitalizations for tumors over time and space in China. This study evaluated trends in hospitalization rate, in-hospital mortality, length of stay (LOS), and medical costs for malignant and benign neoplasms. Data were derived from China Health Statistical Yearbooks from 2004 to 2020. Temporal trends in hospitalization rates and in-hospital mortality rates were assessed through the Cochran-Armitage Test. We used the linear model with continuous variables to test for the trend. The malignant neoplasm hospitalization rate increased from 1.1‰ to 5.8‰ and the benign neoplasm increased from 1.0‰ to 2.0‰. The in-hospital mortality rate due to malignant neoplasm and benign neoplasm decreased from 5.11 to 2.87% (P for trend < 0.001) and 0.14-0.01% (P for trend < 0.001), respectively. Among all patients hospitalized with malignant neoplasm, the average cost per hospitalization significantly increased during the study period (P for trend < 0.001), adjusted for the Consumer Price Index. However, the average LOS gradually decreased (P for trend < 0.001). In line with the trend of malignant neoplasm, the average cost per hospitalization increased significantly among all patients hospitalized for benign neoplasm (P for trend < 0.001), and the average LOS showed a steady downward trend (P for trend < 0.001). We found upward trends in hospitalization rates, and medical costs in neoplasms. By contrast, substantial decreases in in-hospital mortality and LOS. The hospitalization rate gap between urban and rural areas is narrowed.