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Cennamo G, Rinaldi M, Concilio M, Costagliola C. Congenital Optic Disc Anomalies: Insights from Multimodal Imaging. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1509. [PMID: 38592429 PMCID: PMC10932420 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13051509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
In this comprehensive review, we delve into the significance of multimodal imaging in diagnosing and managing complications of congenital optic disc anomalies. While the fundus examination is the gold standard tool in the diagnosis of these pathologies, spectral domain (SD) optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) could shed light on the pathogenesis and treatment. Moreover, this review seeks to offer a comprehensive insight into the multimodal approach of these rare congenital pathologies. In conclusion, congenital anomalies of the optic nerve represent a major challenge for ophthalmologists. Further research could be useful to clarify the pathophysiology of these diseases and define a correct and more specific treatment approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilda Cennamo
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Napoli, Italy;
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Michele Rinaldi
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Napoli, Italy;
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Marina Concilio
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy;
| | - Ciro Costagliola
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Napoli, Italy;
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Prabhu V, Mangla R, Acharya I, Handa A, Thadani A, Parmar Y, Yadav NK, Chhablani J, Venkatesh R. Evaluation of baseline optic disc pit and optic disc coloboma maculopathy features by spectral domain optical coherence tomography. Int J Retina Vitreous 2023; 9:46. [PMID: 37550787 PMCID: PMC10405376 DOI: 10.1186/s40942-023-00484-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study is to describe and compare the baseline demographic, ocular, and imaging characteristics of a cohort of patients with optic disc pit (ODP) or optic disc coloboma (ODC) maculopathy. METHODS This retrospective study included patients diagnosed with ODP or ODC on clinical examination between June 2017 and December 2022. These patients' baseline demographics, ocular characteristics, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging characteristics were analyzed. RESULTS Fundus examination revealed 11 eyes of 11 patients with ODP and 14 eyes of 9 patients with ODC, respectively. On OCT, maculopathy was observed more frequently in ODP (n = 10) than in ODC (n = 4) [p = 0.004] cases. Eyes with ODP were more likely to exhibit retinoschisis and/or serous macular detachment [SMD] (n = 7, 70%), communication of the retinoschisis with the optic disc (p = 0.015), whereas the SMD did not communicate with the optic disc (p = 0.005), and significant outer retinal layer thinning (p = 0.015). In contrast, eyes with ODC exhibited only SMD (p = 0.005) and no retinoschisis on the non-colobomatous retina. SMD in ODC communicated with the margin of the optic disc. In both clinical entities, hyperreflective foci were observed in the SMD. CONCLUSION In summary, baseline maculopathy characteristics on OCT, including its type, location, and relationship to the optic disc, are among the most distinguishing characteristics between an ODP and an ODC. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Not applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishma Prabhu
- Medical Retina and Vitreoretinal Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 203 Lothrop Street, Suite 800, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Rubble Mangla
- Dept. of Retina and Vitreous, #121/C, Chord Road, 1st R block Rajaji Nagar, Bangalore, 560010, India
| | - Isha Acharya
- Dept. of Retina and Vitreous, #121/C, Chord Road, 1st R block Rajaji Nagar, Bangalore, 560010, India
| | - Ashit Handa
- Dept. of Retina and Vitreous, #121/C, Chord Road, 1st R block Rajaji Nagar, Bangalore, 560010, India
| | - Atul Thadani
- Dept. of Retina and Vitreous, #121/C, Chord Road, 1st R block Rajaji Nagar, Bangalore, 560010, India
| | - Yash Parmar
- Dept. of Retina and Vitreous, #121/C, Chord Road, 1st R block Rajaji Nagar, Bangalore, 560010, India
| | - Naresh Kumar Yadav
- Dept. of Retina and Vitreous, #121/C, Chord Road, 1st R block Rajaji Nagar, Bangalore, 560010, India
| | - Jay Chhablani
- Medical Retina and Vitreoretinal Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 203 Lothrop Street, Suite 800, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Ramesh Venkatesh
- Dept. of Retina and Vitreous, #121/C, Chord Road, 1st R block Rajaji Nagar, Bangalore, 560010, India.
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Weinberger Y, Weinberger D, Priel E, Gal-Or O, Ehrlich R. LASER PHOTOCOAGULATION FOR THE TREATMENT OF OPTIC NERVE HEAD PIT-RELATED MACULOPATHY IN A PATIENT WITH BILATERAL CHORIORETINAL COLOBOMA. Retin Cases Brief Rep 2023; 17:181-185. [PMID: 36821472 DOI: 10.1097/icb.0000000000001137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report a case of laser photocoagulation for the treatment of a combined coloboma and optic nerve head pit-related maculopathy in a patient with bilateral chorioretinal coloboma. METHODS A case report. RESULTS A 15-year-old woman, presented with the visual acuity of 20/100 in her right eye for six weeks. She was diagnosed with macular detachment secondary to optic nerve head pit in her right eye and bilateral chorioretinal coloboma. Multimodal imaging, including color photography, fluorescein angiography, and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, was used to identify and demonstrate the location of the tract of fluid from the optic nerve head pit, isolated from the coloboma. Optical coherence tomography-guided laser photocoagulation treatment at the location of the tract resulted in complete resolution of macular fluid with visual recovery to 20/25. CONCLUSION Our case stresses the value of correct diagnosis directing photocoagulation treatment of combined optic nerve head pit-related maculopathy in eyes with chorioretinal coloboma using multimodal imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dov Weinberger
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel ; and
| | - Ethan Priel
- Department of Ophthalmology, MOR Institute, Bnei Brak, Israel
| | - Orly Gal-Or
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel ; and
| | - Rita Ehrlich
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel ; and
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Van den Heurck JJ, Boven KB, Claes CC. OPTIC DISK COLOBOMA AND CONTRALATERAL OPTIC DISK PIT MACULOPATHY TREATED BY VITRECTOMY IN A PATIENT WITH NOONAN SYNDROME WITH MULTIPLE LENTIGINES. Retin Cases Brief Rep 2023; 17:212-218. [PMID: 34009903 PMCID: PMC9949519 DOI: 10.1097/icb.0000000000001144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report a case of Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines with unusual ocular features. METHODS The authors describe a case of a 7-year-old girl with Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines and anomalous optic disks. RESULTS A 7-year-old girl with genetically proven Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines ( PTPN11 gene mutation) and anomalous optic disks was referred for treatment of persistent macular detachment after 1 year of conservative follow-up. The right eye demonstrated an optic disk coloboma with the best-corrected visual acuity of 20/32, the left eye demonstrated an optic disk pit with serous macular detachment (best-corrected visual acuity 20/50-20/80). Optical coherence tomography demonstrated a neurosensory detachment. Twenty-five gauge pars plana vitrectomy was performed with posterior hyaloid detachment, drainage over disk pit area, and SF6 20% gas tamponade. Surgery resulted in subretinal fluid reduction and improvement of the visual acuity to 20/32. CONCLUSION A case of Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines with optic disk coloboma in the right eye and optic disk pit with related maculopathy in the left eye. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case describing the association of Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines and congenital optic disk anomalies. Optic disk pit maculopathy was managed surgically because of its longstanding nature with the deteriorating visual acuity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas J. Van den Heurck
- Department of Ophthalmology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem (Antwerp), Belgium; and
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sint-Augustinus Hospital, Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium
| | - Kim B. Boven
- Department of Ophthalmology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem (Antwerp), Belgium; and
| | - Carl C. Claes
- Department of Ophthalmology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem (Antwerp), Belgium; and
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sint-Augustinus Hospital, Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium
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Rajshri H, Ganne P, Krishnappa NC. Combined cavitary anomalies of the optic disc with maculopathy. BMJ Case Rep 2021; 14:e244008. [PMID: 34511422 PMCID: PMC8438721 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-244008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hirawat Rajshri
- Vitreo-retina, Gomabai Nethralaya and Research Centre, Neemuch, India
| | - Pratyusha Ganne
- Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Guntur, India
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