Ocular coloboma combined with cleft lip and palate: a case report

Non-nasal, atypical retinochoroidal coloboma in pediatric patients: Case series and review

Purpose

To report 2 cases of atypically located, non-nasal colobomas in the pediatric population.

Observations

A 3-week-old female neonate with no known past ocular or medical history was diagnosed with temporal iris and chorioretinal coloboma with tractional membranes upon examination under anesthesia and imaging. A 9-year-old female with a history of bilateral sensorineural hearing loss and left mild hydronephrosis presented with a temporal chorioretinal coloboma associated with retinal detachment.

Conclusions and importance

Very few cases of atypically located, non-nasal pediatric colobomas have been reported, and they lack a clear cause or mechanism of formation. Continued documentation of their occurrence and research into their formation at a molecular and embryological level are warranted to better understand their pathogenesis.

Bilateral Iris Coloboma in an 11-Year-Old Child with Low Vision and High Intraocular Pressure: A Rare Case Report and Review of Literature

Background

Coloboma means curtailed in Greek language. It is mainly used when normal tissue of the eye or another organ is not present since birth. Coloboma is a congenital abnormality mainly caused by incomplete closure of the embryonic fissure of the choroid part of eye.

Purpose

The aim of this case report is to share the clinical findings in a patient with bilateral iris coloboma, low vision, and headache.

Patients and Methods

Case report.

Results

An eleven-year-old boy with low vision and headache visited the University Eye Hospital of Kabul University of Medical Science (UEHKUMS) for consultation. Ophthalmic examination revealed a bilateral iris coloboma without concomitant chorioretinal defect, refractive error, and high intraocular pressure in both eyes. The refractive error of the patient was corrected by advising proper glasses, and the high intraocular pressure was controlled by anti-glaucoma drops. After several follow-up visits, the patient no longer complained of headache and low vision.

Conclusion

Visiting patients with iris coloboma should be considered for intraocular pressure (IOP) check, and screening of other family members is mandatory.

A rare case of pediatric ptosis: Coexistence of giant intracranial arachnoid cyst and facial asymmetry

BACKGROUND

Intracranial arachnoid cysts are cystic congenital malformations, filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) originating from the arachnoid membrane. Generally, giant arachnoid cysts present with symptoms related to increased intracranial pressure, hydrocephalus or cognitive disorders, endocrinological problems, growth retardation, seizures, headache, and nonspecific symptoms such as dizziness. They can be detected by imaging when they become symptomatic or incidentally in childhood and adulthood. Our case was referred to our clinic because of ptosis and facial asymmetry found on examination. Subsequently, a intracranial giant arachnoid cyst was found incidentally on cranial computed tomography (CT).

CASE

In an 18-month-old male infant admitted with ptosis, left frontal bulging and a dystopic globe with ptosis of the left upper lid were noted. The left half of the facial region and the left nostril also appeared to be asymmetrically elongated downward relative to the right. Fundus examination revealed an optic disc coloboma in the left eye. On general physical examination, he was unable to walk. A giant fronto-temporo-parietal arachnoid cyst with the cerebral parenchyma shifted 2cm to the right of the midline was observed on cranial CT. After a cysto-peritoneal shunt was performed, the physical appearance of our patient returned to normal.

CONCLUSION

Ptosis cases accompanied by abnormalities such as optic disc coloboma and facial asymmetry should be evaluated for possible midline defects and intracranial pathologies prior to eyelid surgery.