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Zuo B, Hu Q, Wu Y, Li X, Wang B, Yan M, Li Y. Association between long-term exposure to air pollution and diabetic retinopathy: Evidence from the Fujian Eye Study. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 279:116459. [PMID: 38763052 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy (DR), one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM), is a major contributor of vision impairment and blindness worldwide. Studies have shown that air pollution exposure is adversely associated with DM. However, evidence is scarce regarding how air pollution exposure affects DR. This study aimed to investigate the association between ambient air pollution exposure and DR risk. METHODS The study population was based on the Fujian Eye Study (FJES), an ophthalmologic, epidemiologic survey investigating the eye health condition of residents in Fujian Province from 2018 to 2019. Daily average concentrations of ambient air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, and O3) were acquired from a high-resolution air quality dataset in China from 2013 to 2018. We used a logistic regression model to examine the associations between DR risk and long-term air pollution at various exposure windows. RESULTS A total of 2405 out of the 8211 participants were diagnosed with diabetes, among whom 183 had DR. Ambient air pollution, especially particulate matter (i.e., PM2.5 and PM10) and NO2 were positively associated with DR prevalence among all the study subjects. Ambient SO2 and O3 concentrations were not associated with DR prevalence. PM2.5 and NO2 seemed to be borderline significantly associated with increased prevalence of DR in subjects with DM, especially under the model adjusted for sex, age, BMI, SBP, and DBP. CONCLUSIONS These findings showed that long-term exposure to ambient particulate matter and NO2 was associated with a high DR risk in Fujian province, where ambient air pollution is relatively low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zuo
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Centre, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qinrui Hu
- Eye Institute and Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Corneal & Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Xiamen Municipal Key Laboratory of Corneal & Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Xiamen Research Center for Eye Diseases and Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yixue Wu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxin Li
- Eye Institute and Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Corneal & Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Xiamen Municipal Key Laboratory of Corneal & Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Xiamen Research Center for Eye Diseases and Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Eye Institute and Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Corneal & Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Xiamen Municipal Key Laboratory of Corneal & Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Xiamen Research Center for Eye Diseases and Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Meilin Yan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yang Li
- Eye Institute and Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Corneal & Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Xiamen Municipal Key Laboratory of Corneal & Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Xiamen Research Center for Eye Diseases and Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
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Bai J, Wan Z, Li P, Chen L, Wang J, Fan Y, Chen X, Peng Q, Gao P. Accuracy and feasibility with AI-assisted OCT in retinal disorder community screening. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1053483. [PMID: 36407116 PMCID: PMC9670537 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1053483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the accuracy and feasibility of the auto-detection of 15 retinal disorders with artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted optical coherence tomography (OCT) in community screening. Methods: A total of 954 eyes of 477 subjects from four local communities were enrolled in this study from September to December 2021. They received OCT scans covering an area of 12 mm × 9 mm at the posterior pole retina involving the macular and optic disc, as well as other ophthalmic examinations performed using their demographic information recorded. The OCT images were analyzed using integrated software with the previously established algorithm based on the deep-learning method and trained to detect 15 kinds of retinal disorders, namely, pigment epithelial detachment (PED), posterior vitreous detachment (PVD), epiretinal membranes (ERMs), sub-retinal fluid (SRF), choroidal neovascularization (CNV), drusen, retinoschisis, cystoid macular edema (CME), exudation, macular hole (MH), retinal detachment (RD), ellipsoid zone disruption, focal choroidal excavation (FCE), choroid atrophy, and retinal hemorrhage. Meanwhile, the diagnosis was also generated from three groups of individual ophthalmologists (group of retina specialists, senior ophthalmologists, and junior ophthalmologists) and compared with those by the AI. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity were calculated, and kappa statistics were performed. Results: A total of 878 eyes were finally enrolled, with 76 excluded due to poor image quality. In the detection of 15 retinal disorders, the ROC curve comparison between AI and professors' presented relatively large AUC (0.891-0.997), high sensitivity (87.65-100%), and high specificity (80.12-99.41%). Among the ROC curve comparisons with those by the retina specialists, AI was the closest one to the professors' compared to senior and junior ophthalmologists (p < 0.05). Conclusion: AI-assisted OCT is highly accurate, sensitive, and specific in auto-detection of 15 kinds of retinal disorders, certifying its feasibility and effectiveness in community ophthalmic screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhao Bai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongqi Wan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingcheng Wang
- Suzhou Big Vision Medical Technology Co Ltd, Suzhou, China
| | - Yu Fan
- Suzhou Big Vision Medical Technology Co Ltd, Suzhou, China
| | - Xinjian Chen
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qing Peng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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