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Li Z, Yao X, Zhang J, Yang J, Ni J, Wang Y. Exploring the bone marrow micro environment in thalassemia patients: potential therapeutic alternatives. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1403458. [PMID: 39161767 PMCID: PMC11330836 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1403458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Genetic mutations in the β-globin gene lead to a decrease or removal of the β-globin chain, causing the build-up of unstable alpha-hemoglobin. This condition is referred to as beta-thalassemia (BT). The present treatment strategies primarily target the correction of defective erythropoiesis, with a particular emphasis on gene therapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. However, the presence of inefficient erythropoiesis in BT bone marrow (BM) is likely to disturb the previously functioning BM microenvironment. This includes accumulation of various macromolecules, damage to hematopoietic function, destruction of bone cell production and damage to osteoblast(OBs), and so on. In addition, the changes of BT BM microenvironment may have a certain correlation with the occurrence of hematological malignancies. Correction of the microenvironment can be achieved through treatments such as iron chelation, antioxidants, hypoglycemia, and biologics. Hence, This review describes damage in the BT BM microenvironment and some potential remedies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengzheng Li
- Department of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Provincial Clinical Medical Center for Blood Diseases and Thrombosis Prevention and Treatment, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiangmei Yao
- Department of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Provincial Clinical Medical Center for Blood Diseases and Thrombosis Prevention and Treatment, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Medical Genetics, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jinghui Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Junxue Ni
- Hospital Office, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yajie Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Provincial Clinical Medical Center for Blood Diseases and Thrombosis Prevention and Treatment, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Darvishi-Khezri H, Karami H, Naderisorki M, Ghazaiean M, Kosaryan M, Mosanejad-Galchali A, Aliasgharian A, Karami H. Two risk factors for hypozincemia in diabetic β-thalassemia patients: Hepatitis C and deferasirox. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0284267. [PMID: 38215162 PMCID: PMC10786396 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Hypozincemia is a prevalent adverse consequence in diabetes mellitus (DM) and β-Thalassemia patients. We aimed to evaluate the level of serum zinc in β-thalassemia patients with DM and a risk assessment for hypozincemia. METHODS The study population included transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) and non-transfusion-dependent thalassemia (NTDT) with overt DM (fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≥126 mg/dL, and/or 2-h plasma glucose≥200 mg/dL). Serum zinc concentration was measured by the colorimetric method, and the values below 70 μg/dL were defined as hypozincemia. Myocardial and liver T2*-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI T2*, millisecond [ms]) were valued by a free contrast MRI. The demographic, clinical, paraclinical, and laboratory data were also recorded. The data belonged to the period from December 2018 until December 2020. RESULTS Of 64 diabetic β-thalassemia patients, 41 cases had zinc data in their medical files (aged 38 ± 9 years, 48.8% female). 78.05% of patients (n = 32) were TDT, and 21.95% were NTDT (n = 9). The mean ± standard deviation of zinc level was 110.2 ± 127.6 μg/dL. The prevalence of hypozincemia was 9.76%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.27 to 19.24 (four cases). After controlling age, the odds of hypozincemia for using deferasirox (DFX) was 8.77, 95% CI 0.60 to 127.1. In β-thalassemia patients, the age-adjusted risk of hypozincemia was calculated at 15.85, 95% CI 0.47 to 529.3 for hepatitis C. The adjusted risk of hypozincemia based on age for antacid use was 6.34, 95% CI 0.39 to 102.7. CONCLUSION In light of this study, as well as hepatitis C, using DFX and antacids is associated with a high risk of hypozincemia amid diabetic β-thalassemia cases. However, upward bias should be taken into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Darvishi-Khezri
- Thalassemia Research Center (TRC), Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Hossein Karami
- Thalassemia Research Center (TRC), Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohammad Naderisorki
- Thalassemia Research Center (TRC), Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mobin Ghazaiean
- Gut and Liver Research Center, Non-communicable Disease Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mehrnoush Kosaryan
- Thalassemia Research Center (TRC), Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | | | - Aily Aliasgharian
- Thalassemia Research Center (TRC), Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Hasan Karami
- Department of Pediatrics, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Zheng Y, Wang L, Wang J, Zhao T, Wang J. Modulation of the HIF-1α-NCOA4-FTH1 Signaling Axis Regulating Ferroptosis-induced Hepatic Stellate Cell Senescence to Explore the Anti-hepatic Fibrosis Mechanism of Curcumol. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:2821-2837. [PMID: 38351696 DOI: 10.2174/0109298673271261231213051410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Senescence of activated hepatic stellate cells (HSC) reduces extracellular matrix expression to reverse liver fibrosis. Ferroptosis is closely related to cellular senescence, but its regulatory mechanisms need to be further investigated. The iron ions weakly bound to ferritin in the cell are called labile iron pool (LIP), and together with ferritin, they maintain cellular iron homeostasis and regulate the cell's sensitivity to ferroptosis. METHODS We used lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to construct a pathological model group and divided the hepatic stellate cells into a blank group, a model group, and a curcumol 12.5 mg/L group, a curcumol 25 mg/L group, and a curcumol 50 mg/L group. HIF-1α-NCOA4- FTH1 signalling axis, ferroptosis and cellular senescence were detected by various cellular molecular biology experiments. RESULT We found that curcumol could induce hepatic stellate cell senescence by promoting iron death in hepatic stellate cells. Curcumol induced massive deposition of iron ions in hepatic stellate cells by activating the HIF-1α-NCOA4-FTH1 signalling axis, which further led to iron overload and lipid peroxidation-induced ferroptosis. Interestingly, our knockdown of HIF-1α rescued curcumol-induced LIP and iron deposition in hepatic stellate cells, suggesting that HIF-1α is a key target of curcumol in regulating iron metabolism and ferroptosis. We were able to rescue curcumol-induced hepatic stellate cell senescence when we reduced LIP and iron ion deposition using iron chelators. CONCLUSION Overall, curcumol induces ferroptosis and cellular senescence by increasing HIF-1α expression and increasing NCOA4 interaction with FTH1, leading to massive deposition of LIP and iron ions, which may be the molecular biological mechanism of its anti-liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zheng
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine Science, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530222, Guangxi , China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine Science, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530222, Guangxi , China
| | - Jiaru Wang
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530222, Guangxi , China
| | - Tiejian Zhao
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530222, Guangxi , China
| | - Jiahui Wang
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine Science, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530222, Guangxi , China
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Otsuka M, Saito H, Sasaki T. Analytical Evaluation of Wet and Dry Mechanochemical Syntheses of Calcium-Deficient Hydroxyapatite Containing Zinc Using X-ray Diffractometry and Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:2105. [PMID: 36297540 PMCID: PMC9607406 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14102105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium-deficient zinc-containing calcium phosphate (ZnAP), which has sustained zinc release properties that are effective for treating osteoporosis, can be efficiently synthesized as a biomaterial through wet grinding. To elucidate the physicochemical mechanism of these mechanochemical syntheses, ground products were obtained from the starting material powder (S-CP), consisting of calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (CHPD), calcium oxide (CaO), and zinc oxide (ZnO), by wet and dry grinding for 0-3 h in a centrifugal ball mill. The ground S-CP products were analyzed using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS); the crystal transformations and molecular interactions of the ground products were kinetically analyzed. The XRD and second-derivative NIRS results indicate that the S-CP is primarily transformed into ZnAP via amorphous solid formation in wet grinding, and the reaction follows a consecutive reaction model. In contrast, in dry grinding, the ground product of CHPD and CaO is transformed into an amorphous solid following an equilibrium reaction model; however, ZnO is predominantly not transformed and remains crystalline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Otsuka
- Research Institute of Electronics, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Naka-ku, Hamamatsu 432-8011, Japan
| | - Hanae Saito
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishi-Tokyo, Tokyo 202-8585, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Sasaki
- Graduate School of Medical Photonics, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Naka-ku, Hamamatsu 432-8011, Japan
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Витебская АВ, Бугакова ЕС, Писарева ЕА, Тихонович ЮВ. [Endocrine disorders in patients with transfusion-dependent hereditary anemias]. PROBLEMY ENDOKRINOLOGII 2022; 68:121-130. [PMID: 36689717 PMCID: PMC9939971 DOI: 10.14341/probl13149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Often transfusions red blood cells in patients with hereditary anemias lead to iron overload, that can cause endocrine complications, such as growth retardation, hypothyroidism, hypogonadism, and disorders of carbohydrate metabolism.Clinical case 1. A boy with transfusion-dependent (TD) Diamond-Blackfan anemia at 16.3 years presented with impaired fasting glucose, growth hormone (GH) deficiency, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism; GH therapy was initiated. At the age of 16.8 years old secondary hypothyroidism, secondary hypocorticism and diabetes mellitus were diagnosed. At 17.2 years continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) detected glucose elevations up to 11.7 mmol/l. Therapy with GH and testosterone ethers was continued; levothyroxine and cortef were stopped by patient. At 17.9 years height was 163 cm; no data supporting hypothyroidism nor hypocorticism; glycaemia within goal range.Clinical case 2. A girl with TD beta-thalassemia major at the age of 11.5 years presented with GH deficiency; GH therapy has been conducted from 12.8 to 15.3 years of age. At 13.8 years retardation of pubertal development was diagnosed. At 15.0 hyperglycemia 7.2 mmol/l was detected; normal results of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were observed; glycemia elevations were up to 9.5 mmol/l according to CGM data. At 16.0 height was 152 cm; because of pubertal development arrest hormone replacement therapy was prescribed.CONCLUSION. Growth, pubertal and carbohydrate metabolism disorders were diagnosed in patients with TD hereditary anemias, that confirms the necessity of regularly endocrine investigation. To detect impairment of carbohydrate metabolism investigation of fasting blood glucose, OGTT, and CGM is recommended; glycated hemoglobin measurement is not considered reasonable.
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Affiliation(s)
- А. В. Витебская
- ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский Университет)
| | - Е. С. Бугакова
- ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский Университет)
| | - Е. А. Писарева
- ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский Университет)
| | - Ю. В. Тихонович
- ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский Университет)
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