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Mahboobighazaani F, Karimi M, Azadbakht M, Ghahremani L. Design and psychometric evaluation of the breast cancer screening behaviors scale based on the health action model (HAM). BMC Womens Health 2022; 22:445. [DOI: 10.1186/s12905-022-02026-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Breast cancer is known as the most common cancer and the first-rank malignancy among women. Screening plays a crucial role in early diagnosis and timely treatment. This paper presents the results of design, evaluation and analysis of a questionnaire based on the health action model to investigate breast cancer screening behaviors and their relevant factors.
Methods
The study is based on using a combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches for optimal design and development of research tools. In order to design the structure of the health action model and screening behaviors related factors, both qualitative methods such as semi-structured interviews and quantitative approaches studied. Psychometric properties of the research tool were investigated through literature review. The research population consisted of 210 30–69 years old females based in Kashan who were selected through simple random sampling. The relative and content validity indexes were calculated to judge the content of the tool. Also, the confirmatory factor analysis was used to evaluate the construct validity. Additionally, intra-class correlation coefficient and Cornbrash’s alpha coefficient were calculated to evaluate the reliability of the instrument. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 22 and AMOS 22 software packages.
Results
The mean age of the participants was 43 ± 9.82 Years old. The final version of the questionnaire was prepared in four sections, namely demographic factors (15 items), knowledge (12 items), constructs of the health action model or the factors related to breast cancer screening behaviors (67 items), and behavior (6 items). Factor analysis confirmed that the health action model fits in measuring breast cancer screening behaviors.
Conclusion
The tool designed for measuring breast cancer screening behaviors showed acceptable psychometric properties amongst females and can be used as a valid tool in conducting research in health studies.
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Wang YJ, Wang F, Yu LX, Xiang YJ, Zhou F, Huang SY, Zheng C, Fu QY, Li L, Gao DZ, Zhang Q, Ma ZB, Yu ZG, Liu LY. Worldwide review with meta-analysis of women's awareness about breast cancer. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2022; 105:1818-1827. [PMID: 34952749 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2021.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To summarize the awareness levels of breast cancer (BC) worldwide and investigate factors associated with BC awareness to determine differences in awareness between China and other countries. METHODS This systematic review followed the PRISMA guidelines and included 92 articles up to July, 2021. We calculated percentages for BC awareness levels and conducted subgroup analysis and cumulative meta-analysis. RESULTS A total 84% (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 78-90%) of women knew about BC; however, only 51% (95%CI: 37-66%) and 40% (95%CI: 24-56%) of women were aware of BC symptoms and BC risk factors, respectively. The most commonly known BC symptom was breast lump (71%, 95%CI: 62-80%), and BC family history was the most well-known BC risk factor (61%, 95%CI: 54-69%). Subgroup analysis showed lower awareness levels among Chinese and Asian women than women from other countries. Cumulative meta-analysis showed no obvious progress in BC awareness levels over time. We investigated 15 awareness-related factors, the most frequent of which were education level (61.8%), occupation (29.4%), and age (26.5%). CONCLUSION BC awareness levels remain low. Improving BC awareness is critical, especially in developing countries. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Effective education programs are urgently needed to improve women's BC awareness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Jiu Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Institute of Translational Medicine of Breast Disease Prevention and Treatment, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Institute of Translational Medicine of Breast Disease Prevention and Treatment, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Li-Xiang Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Institute of Translational Medicine of Breast Disease Prevention and Treatment, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yu-Juan Xiang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Institute of Translational Medicine of Breast Disease Prevention and Treatment, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Fei Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Institute of Translational Medicine of Breast Disease Prevention and Treatment, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shu-Ya Huang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Institute of Translational Medicine of Breast Disease Prevention and Treatment, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Institute of Translational Medicine of Breast Disease Prevention and Treatment, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qin-Ye Fu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Institute of Translational Medicine of Breast Disease Prevention and Treatment, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Institute of Translational Medicine of Breast Disease Prevention and Treatment, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - De-Zong Gao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Institute of Translational Medicine of Breast Disease Prevention and Treatment, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Institute of Translational Medicine of Breast Disease Prevention and Treatment, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhong-Bing Ma
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Institute of Translational Medicine of Breast Disease Prevention and Treatment, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Institute of Translational Medicine of Breast Disease Prevention and Treatment, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Li-Yuan Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Institute of Translational Medicine of Breast Disease Prevention and Treatment, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Kwok C, Lee CF. Assessment of the validity and reliability of the Vietnamese version of the Breast Cancer Screening Beliefs Questionnaire. Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs 2021; 9:69-74. [PMID: 35528800 PMCID: PMC9072186 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjon.2021.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the cultural adaptability and psychometric properties of the Vietnamese version of the Breast Cancer Screening Beliefs Questionnaire (BCSBQ). Methods A total of 253 women aged 18 years and older with no history of breast cancer was included in the analysis. Results Confirmatory factor analysis showed an adequate fit for the hypothesized three-factor structure of the original version of the BCSBQ. The results indicated that the frequency of women’s breast cancer screening practices and their educational levels were significantly associated with “Attitudes towards general check-ups”. Demonstrating the Cronbach’s α of the three subscales ranged between 0.79 and 0.85 while the corrected item-total correlations for the hypothesized subscales ranged from 0.38 to 0.74, constituted a result which indicated that the Vietnamese version of the BCSBQ had satisfactory validity and internal consistency. Conclusions The Vietnamese version of the BCSBQ is a culturally appropriate, valid, and reliable instrument for examining the beliefs, knowledge, and attitudes about breast cancer and breast cancer screening practices among Vietnamese women living in Australia.
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Vafaei Z, Najafian J, Shekarchizadeh M, Mostafavi S, Darakhshandeh A, Khosravifarsani M, Ashrafi F, Sharifi M, Mohammadifard N, Emami MH, Haghjooy-Javanmard S, Sarrafzadegan N. Validation of a newly developed questionnaire regarding clinical history in patients with breast and colorectal cancers. ARYA ATHEROSCLEROSIS 2021; 17:1-10. [PMID: 35685447 PMCID: PMC9145839 DOI: 10.22122/arya.v17i0.2212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the close interaction between the specialties of cardiology and oncology is necessary for early detection of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events in cancer patients. For the risk assessment of CVD in Breast and Colorectal Cancers (CIBC) study, in the current study we aimed to validate a questionnaire for the assessment of clinical history in patients with breast cancer and colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS We determined the content validity of the questionnaire using the 2 indexes of content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI) to examine the specificity, simplicity, clarity, and transparency of the items. Content validity assessment was performed through a panel of experts including 2 oncologists, 5 cardiologists, 2 general practitioners, and 1 epidemiologist. The reliability of the questionnaire was estimated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient in 50 patients. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to examine the reproducibility of the questionnaire during 1 week. RESULTS The CRC and breast cancer questionnaire were designed with 16 and 32 questions, respectively. To obtain acceptable CVR, 5 and 11 questions were removed from the CRC and breast cancer questionnaires, respectively. Cronbach's alpha was 0.70 in the breast cancer questionnaire and 0.94 in the CRC questionnaire. All questions had a CVI of higher than 80%. The ICC in the breast cancer questionnaire ranged between 0.71 and 0.96 and in CRC questionnaire ranged between 0.78 and 0.98. CONCLUSION The validity and reliability of our newly developed questionnaire was desirable. The reliability of the breast cancer questions was acceptable and that of the CRC questions was excellent. Thus, thus questionnaire can be used in this group of patients regardless of whether the goal is cardiac care or not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zamaneh Vafaei
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Jamshid Najafian
- Hypertension Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Masood Shekarchizadeh
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Samaneh Mostafavi
- Interventional Cardiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Darakhshandeh
- Department of Medical Oncology-Hematology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Farzaneh Ashrafi
- Cardio-Oncology Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehran Sharifi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Cancer Prevention Research Center, Seyyed AlShohada Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Noushin Mohammadifard
- Pediatric Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Emami
- Poursina Hakim Digestive Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Haghjooy-Javanmard
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nizal Sarrafzadegan
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran,Address for correspondence: Nizal Sarrafzadegan; Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan
University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran;
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Suwannaporn S, Chuemchit M. Breast Self-examination Among AKHA Women (Hill Tribe Group) in Chiang Rai, Thailand. J Immigr Minor Health 2021; 24:666-672. [PMID: 34283350 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-021-01246-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The mortality rate of breast cancer has increased in worldwide and reported first rank of women cancer in Thailand. One an urgent concern of prevention and education on early detection is Breast Self-examination (BSE). This study aims to report the percentage of BSE and examine the associated factors with BSE among Akha women, the largest ethnic group in northern part of Thailand. A study was conducted with 296 Akha women by survey quantitative data. Descriptive statistic and Binary regression were used for analysis. The majority of the participants were 45-59 years old (51.70%), and illiterate (68.90%). The percentage of good BSE founded 19.60%. The participants who received breast information showed zero-point one three time more likely to report good BSE compared to those non receiving (OR 0.13; 95% CI 0.03-0.53). Factor of susceptibility, benefit of BSE, barrier of BSE, and BSE confident were association with BSE practice. Based on findings, we recommend implementing a new practical program such as BSE media in Akha Language to promote BSE in this ethnic group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirinan Suwannaporn
- College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Institute Building 2, Phayathai Road, Patumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Montakarn Chuemchit
- College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Institute Building 2, Phayathai Road, Patumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- Health and Social Sciences and Addiction Research Unit, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Sharif Nia H, Behmanesh F, Kwok C, Firouzbakht M, Ebadi A, Nikpour M. Breast cancer screening beliefs questionnaire: psychometric properties of the Persian version. BMC WOMENS HEALTH 2020; 20:184. [PMID: 32807163 PMCID: PMC7433114 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-020-01049-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Valid and reliable instruments are needed to assess such beliefs, attitudes, and knowledge. This study aimed to translate Breast Cancer Screening Beliefs Questionnaire into Persian and evaluate its psychometric properties among Iranian women. METHODS In this methodological study, the twelve-item Breast Cancer Screening Beliefs Questionnaire was translated into Persian and filled out by 1256 Iranian women. Face, content, convergent, and discriminant validity were evaluated and exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed for construct validity evaluation. Reliability was also evaluated through calculating Cronbach's alpha, McDonald's omega, Average inter-item correlation, and test-retest intraclass correlation coefficient and finally, composite reliability was estimated. RESULTS Three factors were extracted in factor analysis which included screening attitude, screening knowledge and perception, and screening practice. These factors explained 55.71% of the total variance of breast cancer screening beliefs. This three-factor model was confirmed in confirmatory factor analysis based on model fit indices (PCFI = 0.703, PNFI = 0.697, CMIN/DF = 2.127, RMSEA = 0.30, GFI = 0.980, AGFI = 0.998, and CFI = 0.991). Convergent and discriminant validity were also confirmed. Composite reliability and test-retest intraclass correlation coefficient were more than 0.7. CONCLUSION With a three-factor structure, the Persian Breast Cancer Screening Beliefs Questionnaire has acceptable validity and reliability and hence, can be used to evaluate Iranian women's breast cancer screening beliefs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Sharif Nia
- School of Nursing and Midwifery Amol, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, IR, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Behmanesh
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Midwifery, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR, Iran
| | - Cannas Kwok
- Sydney Nursing School, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mojgan Firouzbakht
- Reproductive health, Student Research Committee, Health Research Institute, Babol. University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR, Iran.,Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Nursing Faculty, Life style institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran
| | - Abbas Ebadi
- Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Nursing Faculty, Life style institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran.,Department Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Babol branch, Babol, Iran
| | - Maryam Nikpour
- Student Research Committee, Health Research Institute, Babol. University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR, Iran.
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Liu N, Wang J, Chen DD, Sun WJ, Zhang W. Tools for the assessment of breast cancer screening beliefs in women: a literature review. J Comp Eff Res 2019; 8:645-655. [PMID: 31298055 DOI: 10.2217/cer-2018-0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This review aims to compare the development, characteristics and validity of three widely used breast cancer screening belief tools (the Champion's Health Belief Model Scale [CHBMS], the Breast Module of a Cancer Awareness Measures [BCAM] and the Breast Cancer Screening Beliefs Questionnaire [BCSBQ]). Materials & methods: Literature reports were retrieved from electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library, and other references. All three tools had good reliability and validity. Certain significant differences between these tools should be noted. Results: CHBMS, BCAM and BCSBQ are valid and reliable instruments within certain populations. Due to the high heterogeneity among the targeted population, their characteristics and those of the instruments should be fully considered for clinical decision-making. Conclusion: The conclusion of this review contributes to the development of a more comprehensive and objective instruments based on the deficiencies of the existing studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Liu
- Nursing School, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, PR China
| | - Jie Wang
- Nursing School, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, PR China
| | - Dan-Dan Chen
- Nursing School, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, PR China
| | - Wei-Jia Sun
- Nursing School, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Nursing School, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, PR China
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Kwok C, Lee MJ, Lee CF. Breast Cancer Perceptions and Screening Behaviours Among Korean Women in Australia. J Immigr Minor Health 2019; 22:126-133. [DOI: 10.1007/s10903-019-00876-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Saei Ghare Naz M, Ozgoli G, Ebadi A, Kariman N, Ghasemi V, Rashidi Fakari F. Translation and Psychometric Testing Persian Version of Breast Cancer Screening Belief Questionnaire (BCSBQ) in Iranian Women. J Caring Sci 2019; 8:33-38. [PMID: 30915311 PMCID: PMC6428158 DOI: 10.15171/jcs.2019.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Women's screening beliefs play an important role in their performance. Since a short form questionnaire is necessary in the assessment of screening beliefs in Iranian society, this study was conducted with the aim of psychometric evaluation of the Breast Cancer Screening Beliefs Questionnaire (BCSBQ) among Iranian women. Methods: In this cross-sectional methodological study, 300 Iranian women who were aged 18 years or older, and who were attending healthcare centers of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, were selected in 2017-18. After a backward-forward translation procedure of BCSBQ was carried out, the face, content and construct validity of breast cancer-screening beliefs questionnaire were evaluated. In addition, the reliability was measured using the Cronbach's alpha and intra class correlation coefficients. Results: The results of the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were used to extract three distinct factors, including: attitude, knowledge, and barriers to screening. The three-factor model fit was accepted for all factors based on standard indices (RMSEA = 0.12, χ2 = 2.832, GFI = 0.87, AGFI = 0.8, CFI = 0.94, NFI = 0.92). In addition, the instrument’s reliability was measured using the Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The instrument had an appropriate Cronbach alpha (0.78). The interclass correlation coefficient was obtained to be 0.93 within a range of 0.83-0.97. Conclusion: The three-factor structure of the BCSBQ-12 had appropriate validity and reliability among Iranian women. Considering its appropriate psychometric properties, this instrument can be employed in subsequent studies to measure women's breast cancer screening beliefs in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Saei Ghare Naz
- Student Research Committee, Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Giti Ozgoli
- Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Ebadi
- Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Life Style Institute, Nursing Faculty, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nourossadat Kariman
- Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vida Ghasemi
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Rashidi Fakari
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Saei Ghare Naz M, Darooneh T, Salmani F, Kholosi Badr, Ozgoli G. Relationship of Health Locus of Control with Breast Cancer Screening Belief of Iranian Women. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20:699-703. [PMID: 30909667 PMCID: PMC6825783 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.3.699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Promoting breast cancer screening (BCS) behavior of women can lead to a reduction in mortality. The health locus of control affects cancer screening behavior of women; however, there is not sufficient evidence regaring this issue in Iran. The overall goal of our study is to determine the relationship of the health locus of control with the breast cancer screening belief of Iranian Women. This is a cross-sectional study carried out on 325 women in Tehran. The Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (MHLC), Breast Cancer Screening Belief Questionnaire (BCSBQ), and Demographic questionnaire were used for collecting data. Statistical analyze was performed by the SPSS version 17 software. The Pearson correlation and regression model were used for data analyze. In this study, 325 women, age 18 to 75 years, participated in this study. The mean±SD of BCSBQ and MHLC score was 40.72±10.41 and 67.78±17.67 respectively. The regression analysis showed that for the one-unit increase in the Internal Health Locus of Control (IHLC), Powerful others Health Locus of Control (PHLC), and Chance Health Locus of Control (CHLC) score (dimensions of Health Locus of Control), the total BCSBQ scores increased 0.54, 0.31, and 0.57 respectively. For each unit increase in age and education, the knowledge and perceptions of the BC score increased 0.05 and 0.23 units respectively. For the one-unit increase in the IHLC, PHLC, age, and education dimensions, the attitudes towards the general health check-up score increased 0.17, 0.1, 0.05, and 0.188 respectively. The current study provided new insights about the BCSB of Iranian women with MHLC. In the study, all the dimensions of the health locus of control were useful in predicting the breast cancer screening belief of the participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Saei Ghare Naz
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Darooneh
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Salmani
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Kholosi Badr
- North Tehran Health Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Giti Ozgoli
- Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Reder M, Berens EM, Spallek J, Kolip P. Development of the Informed Choice in Mammography Screening Questionnaire (IMQ): factor structure, reliability, and validity. BMC Psychol 2019; 7:17. [PMID: 30890190 PMCID: PMC6423759 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-019-0291-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Informed choice is of ethical and practical importance in mammography screening. To assess the level to which decisions regarding such screening are informed is thus imperative, but no specific instrument has been available to measure informed choice in the German mammography screening programme. The aims of this study were to develop the Informed Choice in Mammography Screening Questionnaire (IMQ) and to find first evidence for the factor structure, reliability and validity of its different components. Methods The IMQ was sent to 17.349 women aged 50 in Westphalia-Lippe, Germany. The instrument has been developed after consideration of (1) the results of qualitative interviews on decision making in the mammography screening programme, (2) relevant literature on other informed choice instruments and (3) a qualitative study on influencing factors. The IMQ comprises 3 scales (attitude, norms, and barriers), 1 index (knowledge) and singular items covering intention to participate and sociodemographic variables. To assess the psychometric properties of the components of the IMQ, confirmatory factor and item response theory analyses were conducted. Additionally, reliability, validity and item statistics were assessed. Results 5.847 questionnaires were returned (response rate 33.7%). For attitude, the confirmatory factor analysis supported a one-factor structure. For norms, the model fit was not acceptable. Reliability levels were good with a Cronbach‘s α of.793 for attitude (4 items) and.795 for norms (5 items). For barriers, 9 items were deleted because of low discrimination indices; 6 items remained. The hypothesised assumption-subscale and the importance-subscale were confirmed, but these subscales showed poor reliabilities with Cronbach‘s α=.525 (4 items) and.583 (2 items). For the knowledge index, item response theory analysis showed that 6 out of 7 items were suitable. Hypotheses concerning the correlations between the different components were confirmed, which supported their convergent and divergent validity. Conclusion The results of this study demonstrated that the IMQ is a multidimensional instrument. Further development of the barriers and norms scales is necessary. The IMQ can be utilised to assess the level of informed choices as well as influencing factors. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40359-019-0291-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren Reder
- Bielefeld University, School of Public Health, Department of Prevention and Health Promotion, Universitätsstraße 25, Bielefeld, 33615, Germany. .,University of Hildesheim, Institute of Psychology, Universitätsplatz 1, Hildesheim, 31142, Germany.
| | - Eva-Maria Berens
- Bielefeld University, School of Public Health, Department of Health Services Research and Nursing Science, Universitätsstraße 25, Bielefeld, 33615, Germany
| | - Jacob Spallek
- Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Department of Public Health, Universitätsplatz 1, Senftenberg, 01968, Germany
| | - Petra Kolip
- Bielefeld University, School of Public Health, Department of Prevention and Health Promotion, Universitätsstraße 25, Bielefeld, 33615, Germany
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Lam M, Kwok C, Lee MJ. Prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of routine breast cancer screening practices among migrant-Australian women. Aust N Z J Public Health 2017; 42:98-103. [DOI: 10.1111/1753-6405.12752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Lam
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences; The University of Sydney; New South Wales
| | - Cannas Kwok
- School of Nursing and Midwifery; Western Sydney University; New South Wales
| | - Mi-Joung Lee
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences; The University of Sydney; New South Wales
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13
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Psychometric properties of the Modified Breast Cancer Screening Beliefs Questionnaire among Mainland Chinese women. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2017; 28:35-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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14
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Ogunsiji OO, Kwok C, Fan LC. Breast cancer screening practices of African migrant women in Australia: a descriptive cross-sectional study. BMC Womens Health 2017; 17:32. [PMID: 28412942 PMCID: PMC5392914 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-017-0384-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer among women and a leading cause of mortality and morbidity, globally. Breast cancer mortality can be improved through routine cancer screening, yet migrant populations have lower participation rates. While African migrants are among the fastest growing migrant population in Australia, their breast cancer screening behaviour is under-studied. The aims of this study were to report breast cancer screening status of African migrant women and factors associated with their breast cancer screening behaviour in Australia. METHODS A descriptive, cross-sectional approach was utilised for this study. Two hundred and sixty four African migrant women aged 18-69 years and recruited from a number of organisations responded to a self-reported African version of the Breast Cancer Screening Beliefs Questionnaire (BCSBQ). Main research variables are breast cancer screening practices and demographic characteristics and total scores on each of the BCSBQ subscales. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the impact of the demographic variables on the likelihood of women in the target age range 50-74 years having screening practices as recommended. RESULTS While most of the participants heard of breast awareness (76.1%) and mammogram (85.2%), only 11.4% practised monthly breast awareness, whereas 65.9% had ever had a mammogram as frequently as recommended. Age and employment were determining factors for participating in mammogram. Significant different scores were found in the "Practical barriers" between women at the target age who had and had not performed breast awareness (80.4 versus 77.5, p-value = 0.002) and mammogram (77.1 versus 70.3, p-value = 0.009) regularly as recommended. Moreover, attitudes towards general health check-ups subscale scores were significantly higher in women who had performed clinical breast examination as frequently as recommended than those who had not. CONCLUSIONS The research reveals that practical barriers and attitudes towards general health check-ups are important factors to take into account in determining African migrant women's participation in breast cancer screening. Progress in reducing breast cancer deaths through early detection needs to focus on attitudinal change among African migrants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cannas Kwok
- Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Lee Chun Fan
- Singapore Clinical Research Institute School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, 5/F William MW Mong Block, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong, China
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15
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Kwok C, Ogunsiji O, Lee CF. Validation of the Breast Cancer Screening Beliefs Questionnaire among African Australian women. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:117. [PMID: 26846341 PMCID: PMC4743245 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-2793-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Breast Cancer Screening Beliefs Questionnaire (BCSBQ) has been designed as a culturally appropriate instrument for assessing women’s beliefs, knowledge and attitudes to breast cancer and breast cancer screening practices. While it has proved to be a reliable instrument when applied to women of Chinese, Arabic and Korean origin living in Australia, its psychometric properties among women from African backgrounds have not been tested. The aim of this study is to examine the psychometric properties of the BCSBQ among African Australian women. Methods The BCSBQ was administered to 284 African Australian women who were recruited from a number of African community organizations and churches. Factor analysis was conducted to study the factor structure. Construct validity was examined using Cuzick’s non-parametric test while Cronbach alpha was used to assess internal consistency reliability. Results Exploratory factor analysis results demonstrated that the African-Australian BCSBQ can be conceptualized as a 4-factor model. The third factor, viz. “barriers to mammography”, was split into two separate factors namely, “psychological” and “practical” barriers. The results indicated that the African-Australian BCSBQ had both satisfactory validity and internal consistency. The Cronbach’s alpha of the three subscales ranged between 0.84-0.92. The frequency of breast cancer screening practices (breast awareness, clinical breast-examination and mammography) were significantly associated with attitudes towards general health check-ups and perceived barriers to mammographic screening. Conclusions Our study provided evidence to support the psychometric properties of the BCSBQ.in African Australian women. The study moreover demonstrated that the use of the instrument can help health professionals to understand the beliefs, knowledge and attitudes to breast cancer among African Australian women and also the factors that impact on their breast cancer screening practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cannas Kwok
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Olayide Ogunsiji
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Chun Fan Lee
- Department of Biostatistics, Singapore Clinical Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore.
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