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Zheng Y, Zhao Y, Chen X, Li S. Effect of physical exercise on the emotional and cognitive levels of patients with substance use disorder: a meta-analysis. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1348224. [PMID: 38406301 PMCID: PMC10884270 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1348224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study investigated the impact of different modes of physical exercise on the emotional and cognitive levels of patients with Substance Use Disorder (SUD). By exploring the most effective intervention types, cycle, frequency, and duration, we aimed to provide evidence-based recommendations for the adjunctive treatment of SUD. Methods We conducted a systematic search in five databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, and EBSCO, from database inception up to May 2023, and identified 4,255 randomized controlled trials addressing the influence of physical exercise on the emotional and cognitive levels of SUD patients. Data extraction and analysis were performed using Review Manager 5.4 software, focusing on 11 studies that met the inclusion criteria and included 895 participants. Subsequently, a meta-analysis was conducted using Stata 16.0 software, presenting the results in the form of standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results Our findings indicate that physical exercise significantly alleviates anxiety and depression in SUD patients while improving their cognitive function. Specifically, physical exercise was found to reduce anxiety (SMD = -0.726 [-1.349, -0.103], p < 0.05) and depression (SMD = -0.666 [-1.077, -0.255], p < 0.05) and enhance cognitive levels (SMD = -0.523 [-0.887, -0.159], p < 0.05) among patients. Subgroup analysis further revealed that SUD patients benefitted most from physical exercise when engaging in aerobic exercises lasting over 12 weeks, with a frequency exceeding 40 sessions and each session lasting more than 60 min. Discussion In conclusion, our study affirms that physical exercise mitigates anxiety and depression while enhancing cognitive function in SUD patients, making it an effective measure for adjunctive clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamiao Zheng
- School of Sports Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China
| | - Yiyang Zhao
- School of Sports Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China
| | - Xilian Chen
- School of Physical Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- School of Physical Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Köhlerová MZ, Fišerová Z, Páv M. Physical activity habits and their effects on quality of life in patients with addiction: data from the Czech Republic. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023:1-8. [PMID: 37359646 PMCID: PMC10043521 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-023-04402-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Addiction, including substance use disorder (SUD), is a complex condition that can cause serious health problems and negatively affect patient quality of life. Physical activity is known to improve the physical and mental health of patients with SUD. This study aims to determine the relationship between regular physical activity (RPA) and quality of life in SUD patients enrolled in inpatient SUD treatment (n = 159). We divided patients into four groups based on their RPA before and during hospitalization. The SF-36 self-report questionnaire was used to assess quality of life. We found that SUD patients had worse quality of life than a representative sample of the Czech population. Furthermore, we demonstrated that RPA before and during hospitalization and changes during hospitalization affect the perception of quality of life of patients with SUDs. Additionally, physically active patients showed significantly better quality of life than inactive patients. However, patients who initiated RPA during hospitalization reported worse quality of life than those who did not; in addition, this group of patients reported the worst quality of life across the most monitored parameters. We suggest that these patients represent the most vulnerable group. Changes in physical activity habits could be considered an indicator for a more intensive therapeutic focus. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12144-023-04402-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Zahrádka Köhlerová
- Psychiatric Hospital Bohnice, Centre for Psychosomatic Therapy and Rehabilitation, PN Bohnice, Ústavní 91, 181 02 Prague, Czech Republic
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruská 87, 100 00 Prague 10, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeňka Fišerová
- Department of Addictology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, General University Hospital in Prague, Kateřinská 1660/32, 121 08 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Páv
- Psychiatric Hospital Bohnice, Centre for Psychosomatic Therapy and Rehabilitation, PN Bohnice, Ústavní 91, 181 02 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, General University Hospital in Prague, Kateřinská 1660/32, 121 08 Prague 2, Czech Republic
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Pano O, Sayón-Orea C, Hershey MS, Bes-Rastrollo M, Martínez-González MA, Martínez JA. Development of a General Health Score Based on 12 Objective Metabolic and Lifestyle Items: The Lifestyle and Well-Being Index. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10061088. [PMID: 35742139 PMCID: PMC9222586 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10061088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Healthy and unhealthy lifestyles are tightly linked to general health and well-being. However, measurements of well-being have failed to include elements of health and easy to interpret information for patients seeking to improve lifestyles. Therefore, this study aimed to create an index for the assessment of general health and well-being along with two cut-off points: the lifestyle and well-being index (LWB-I). This was a cross-sectional analysis of 15,168 individuals. Internally valid multivariate linear models were constructed using key lifestyle features predicting a modified Short Form 36 questionnaire (SF-36) and used to score the LWB-I. Categorization of the LWB-I was based on self-perceived health (SPH) and analyzed using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Optimal cut-points identified individuals with poor and excellent SPH. Lifestyle and well-being were adequately accounted for using 12 lifestyle items. SPH groups had increasingly healthier lifestyle features and LWB-I scores; optimal cut-point for poor SPH were scores below 80 points (AUC: 0.80 (0.79, 0.82); sensitivity 75.7%, specificity 72.3%)) and above 86 points for excellent SPH (AUC: 0.67 (0.66, 0.69); sensitivity 61.4%, specificity 63.3%). Lifestyle and well-being were quantitatively scored based on their associations with a general health measure in order to create the LWB-I along with two cut points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Octavio Pano
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (O.P.); (M.S.H.); (M.B.-R.); (M.A.M.-G.)
| | - Carmen Sayón-Orea
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (O.P.); (M.S.H.); (M.B.-R.); (M.A.M.-G.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Public Health Institute, 31003 Navarra, Spain
- Área de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEROBN), 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-948-425-600
| | - María Soledad Hershey
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (O.P.); (M.S.H.); (M.B.-R.); (M.A.M.-G.)
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Maira Bes-Rastrollo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (O.P.); (M.S.H.); (M.B.-R.); (M.A.M.-G.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Área de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEROBN), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Martínez-González
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (O.P.); (M.S.H.); (M.B.-R.); (M.A.M.-G.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Área de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEROBN), 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - J. Alfredo Martínez
- Department of Food Sciences and Physiology, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health Program, IMDEA Food Institute, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Teni FS, Rolfson O, Devlin N, Parkin D, Nauclér E, Burström K. Longitudinal study of patients' health-related quality of life using EQ-5D-3L in 11 Swedish National Quality Registers. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e048176. [PMID: 34992101 PMCID: PMC8739074 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare problems reported in the five EQ-5D-3L dimensions and EQ VAS scores at baseline and at 1-year follow-up among different patient groups and specific diagnoses in 11 National Quality Registers (NQRs) and to compare these with the general population. DESIGN Longitudinal, descriptive study. PARTICIPANTS 2 66 241 patients from 11 NQRs and 49 169 participants from the general population were included in the study. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Proportions of problems reported in the five EQ-5D-3L dimensions, EQ VAS scores of participants' own health and proportions of participants and mean/median EQ VAS score in the Paretian Classification of Health Change (PCHC) categories. RESULTS In most of the included registers, and the general population, problems with pain/discomfort were the most frequently reported at baseline and at 1-year follow-up. Mean EQ VAS score (SD) ranged from 45.2 (22.4) among disc hernia patients to 88.1 (15.3) in wrist and hand fracture patients at baseline. They ranged from 48.9 (20.9) in pulmonary fibrosis patients to 83.3 (17.4) in wrist and hand fracture patients at follow-up. The improved category of PCHC, improvement in at least one dimension without deterioration in any other, accounted for the highest proportion in several diagnoses, corresponding with highest improvement in mean EQ VAS score. CONCLUSIONS The study documented self-reported health of several different patient groups using the EQ-5D-3L in comparing with the general population. This demonstrated the important role of patient-reported outcomes in routine clinical care, to assess and follow-up health status and progress within different groups of patients. The EQ-5D-3L descriptive system and EQ VAS have an important role in providing a 'common denominator', allowing comparisons across NQRs and specific diagnoses. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04359628).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fitsum Sebsibe Teni
- Health Outcomes and Economic Evaluation Research Group, Stockholm Centre for Healthcare Ethics, Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ola Rolfson
- Health Outcomes and Economic Evaluation Research Group, Stockholm Centre for Healthcare Ethics, Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nancy Devlin
- Health Economics, The University of Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Office of Health Economics, London, UK
| | - David Parkin
- Office of Health Economics, London, UK
- City University of London, London, UK
| | - Emma Nauclér
- Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kristina Burström
- Health Outcomes and Economic Evaluation Research Group, Stockholm Centre for Healthcare Ethics, Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Equity and Health Policy Research Group, Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
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Dowla R, Sinmaz H, Mavros Y, Murnion B, Cayanan E, Rooney K. The Effectiveness of Exercise as an Adjunct Intervention to Improve Quality of Life and Mood in Substance Use Disorder: A Systematic Review. Subst Use Misuse 2022; 57:911-928. [PMID: 35354366 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2022.2052098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Quality of life and affective outcomes offer a perspective of the burden of disease experienced by people with substance use disorder. This can be considered an alternative measure of substance use disorder severity. This review aims to evaluate the impact of exercise as a novel intervention on quality of life and affect in substance use disorder. Method: Medline, CINAHL, Amed, Web of Science core collections, Embase, PsychINFO and SportDISCUS databases were searched from inception to August 2021 for studies that assessed the impact of exercise on mood, depression, anxiety and quality of life outcomes in substance use disorder. Exercise interventions of any duration were included. Results: Forty-two studies met the inclusion criteria. Quality of life scores improved with larger effects seen in studies with two or more sessions per week. Depression and anxiety scores decreased, with 19 of the 25 data sets reporting a reduction in depression (effect size 0.2-1.86) and 13 of the 17 data sets reporting a reduction in anxiety (effect sizes 0.2-1.42). Mood improved in six of the seven data sets reviewed with effect sizes ranging from 0.34 to 1.13. Discussion: Included studies had numerous methodological flaws therefore results need to be interpreted with caution. Further research needs to be completed with more rigorous methodologies to support these results. Conclusions: Results indicate promising responses to exercise as a novel intervention for quality of life and mood in substance use disorder, however further research of high methodological quality is needed to confirm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhiannon Dowla
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Susan Wakil Health Building, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Missenden Mental Health Service, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia
| | - Hulya Sinmaz
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Susan Wakil Health Building, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yorgi Mavros
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Susan Wakil Health Building, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Bridin Murnion
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Susan Wakil Health Building, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Central Coast Local Health District, Gosford, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Cayanan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Susan Wakil Health Building, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,The Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kieron Rooney
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Susan Wakil Health Building, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Marrero-Cristobal G, Gelpi-Dominguez U, Morales-Silva R, Alvarado-Torres J, Perez-Torres J, Perez-Perez Y, Sepulveda-Orengo M. Aerobic exercise as a promising nonpharmacological therapy for the treatment of substance use disorders. J Neurosci Res 2021; 100:1602-1642. [PMID: 34850988 PMCID: PMC9156662 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite the prevalence and public health impact of substance use disorders (SUDs), effective long-term treatments remain elusive. Aerobic exercise is a promising, nonpharmacological treatment currently under investigation as a strategy for preventing drug relapse. Aerobic exercise could be incorporated into the comprehensive treatment regimens for people with substance abuse disorders. Preclinical studies of SUD with animal models have shown that aerobic exercise diminishes drug-seeking behavior, which leads to relapse, in both male and female rats. Nevertheless, little is known regarding the effects of substance abuse-induced cellular and physiological adaptations believed to be responsible for drug-seeking behavior. Accordingly, the overall goal of this review is to provide a summary and an assessment of findings to date, highlighting evidence of the molecular and neurological effects of exercise on adaptations associated with SUD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ursula Gelpi-Dominguez
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA
| | - Roberto Morales-Silva
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA
| | - John Alvarado-Torres
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA
| | - Joshua Perez-Torres
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA
| | - Yobet Perez-Perez
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA
| | - Marian Sepulveda-Orengo
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA
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