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Guo J, Zhang QY, Xu L, Li M, Sun QY. Icariin ameliorates LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice via complement C5a-C5aR1 and TLR4 signaling pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 131:111802. [PMID: 38467082 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is an acute respiratory-related progressive disorder, which lacks specific pharmacotherapy. Icariin (ICA) has been shown to be effective in treating ALI. However, the targets and pharmacological mechanisms underlying the effects of ICA in the treatment of ALI are relatively lacking. Based on network pharmacology and molecular docking analyses, the gene functions and potential target pathways of ICA in the treatment of ALI were determined. In addition, the underlying mechanisms of ICA were verified by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, quantitative Real-time PCR, and Western blot in LPS-induced ALI mice. The biological processes targeted by ICA in the treatment of ALI included the pathological changes, inflammatory response, and cell signal transduction. Network pharmacology, molecular docking, and in vivo experimental results revealed that ICA inhibited the complement C5a-C5aR1 axis, TLR4 mediated NF-κB, MAPK, and JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathways related gene and protein expressions, and decreased inflammatory cytokine, chemokine, adhesion molecule expressions, and mitochondrial apoptosis in LPS-induced ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, China; School of Chinese Ethnic Medicine, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qi-Yun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Lin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Min Li
- General Ward, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang 550002, China.
| | - Qian-Yun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, China.
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Weekman EM, Johnson SN, Rogers CB, Sudduth TL, Xie K, Qiao Q, Fardo DW, Bottiglieri T, Wilcock DM. Atorvastatin rescues hyperhomocysteinemia-induced cognitive deficits and neuroinflammatory gene changes. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:199. [PMID: 37658433 PMCID: PMC10474691 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02883-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological data suggests statins could reduce the risk of dementia, and more specifically, Alzheimer's disease (AD). Pre-clinical data suggests statins reduce the risk of dementia through their pleiotropic effects rather than their cholesterol lowering effects. While AD is a leading cause of dementia, it is frequently found co-morbidly with cerebral small vessel disease and other vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID), which are another leading cause of dementia. In this study, we determined if atorvastatin ameliorated hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy)-induced VCID. METHODS Wild-type (C57Bl6/J) mice were placed on a diet to induce HHcy or a control diet each with or without atorvastatin for 14 weeks. Mice underwent novel object recognition testing before tissue collection. Plasma total cholesterol and total homocysteine as well as related metabolites were measured. Using qPCR and NanoString technology, we profiled glial cell-associated gene expression changes. Finally, microglial morphology, astrocyte end feet, and microhemorrhages were analyzed using histological methods. RESULTS Atorvastatin treatment of HHcy in mice led to no changes in total cholesterol but decreases in total homocysteine in plasma. While HHcy decreased expression of many glial genes, atorvastatin rescued these gene changes, which mostly occurred in oligodendrocytes and microglia. Microglia in HHcy mice with atorvastatin were trending towards fewer processes compared to control with atorvastatin, but there were no atorvastatin effects on astrocyte end feet. While atorvastatin treatment was trending towards increasing the area of microhemorrhages in HHcy mice in the frontal cortex, it only slightly (non-significantly) reduced the number of microhemorrhages. Finally, atorvastatin treatment in HHcy mice led to improved cognition on the novel object recognition task. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that atorvastatin rescued cognitive changes induced by HHcy most likely through lowering plasma total homocysteine and rescuing gene expression changes rather than impacts on vascular integrity or microglial changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica M Weekman
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| | - Sherika N Johnson
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Colin B Rogers
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Tiffany L Sudduth
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Kevin Xie
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Qi Qiao
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - David W Fardo
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Teodoro Bottiglieri
- Center of Metabolomics, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Dallas, TX, 75204, USA
| | - Donna M Wilcock
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
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Seenak P, Kumphune S, Prasitsak T, Nernpermpisooth N, Malakul W. Atorvastatin and ezetimibe protect against hypercholesterolemia-induced lung oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis in rats. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1039707. [PMID: 37082028 PMCID: PMC10111198 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1039707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundHypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor for interstitial lung disease (ILD). Atorvastatin and ezetimibe are antilipemic drugs that have pleiotropic effects. However, their effects on pulmonary fibrosis prevention and the mechanisms underlying hypercholesterolemia have not been fully investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the individual effects of atorvastatin and ezetimibe on lung inflammation and fibrosis in high-cholesterol diet (HCD)-fed rats.Materials and methodsMale Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups — standard diet (S), standard diet + 1% cholesterol (SC), standard diet + 1% cholesterol with 30 mg/kg/day atorvastatin (SCA), and standard diet + 1% cholesterol with 10 mg/kg/day ezetimibe (SCE). At the end of an 8-week dietary schedule, serum lipid parameters and the levels of lung oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines, and fibrotic mediators were determined.ResultsAtorvastatin and ezetimibe treatment remarkably reduced serum lipid profiles with reversed pulmonary histological alterations, in addition to reducing the levels of lung oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis in hypercholesterolemic rats.ConclusionAtorvastatin and ezetimibe treatment showed a protective effect against hypercholesterolemia-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. This information appears potentially useful in the prevention of PF in a hypercholesterolemia model; however, further rigorous investigations are needed to prove their clinical utility on antifibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Porrnthanate Seenak
- Integrative Biomedical Research Unit (IBRU), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Sarawut Kumphune
- Integrative Biomedical Research Unit (IBRU), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
- Biomedical Engineering Institute (BMEI), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Thanit Prasitsak
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Nitirut Nernpermpisooth
- Integrative Biomedical Research Unit (IBRU), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Wachirawadee Malakul
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
- *Correspondence: Wachirawadee Malakul, ; orcid.org/0000-0002-1677-2086
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Guo J, Liu QZ, Zhu FJ, Li M, Li J, Guo L, Sun QY, Yang QX. Acteoside attenuates acute lung injury following administration of cobra venom factor to mice. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11622. [PMID: 36411899 PMCID: PMC9674544 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acteoside, a water-soluble active constituent of diverse valuable medicinal vegetation, has shown strong anti-inflammatory property. However, studies on the anti-inflammatory property of acteoside in complement-induced acute lung injury (ALI) are limited. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of acteoside in cobra venom factor (CVF)-stimulated human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC) and in ALI mice model. Methods In this study, we investigated the effects of acteoside (20, 10, and 5 μg/mL) in vitro in CVF induced HMECs and the activity of acteoside (100, 50, and 20 mg/kg/day bodyweight) in vivo in CVF induced ALI mice. Each eight male mice were orally administered acteoside or the positive drug PDTC (100 mg/kg/day) for 7 days before CVF (35 μg/kg) injection. After injection for 1 h, the pharmacological effects of acteoside were investigated by spectrophotometry, pathological examination, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and immunohistochemistry. Results In vitro, acteoside (20, 10, and 5 μg/mL) reduced the protein expression of adhesion molecules and pro-inflammatory cytokines and transcriptional activity of NF-κB (P < 0.01). In vivo studies showed that acteoside dose-dependently alleviated lung histopathologic lesion, inhibited the production of the protein content of BALF, leukocyte cell number, lung MPO activity, and expression levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and ICAM-1, and suppressed the C5b-9 deposition and NF-κB activation in CVF-induced acute lung inflammation in mice (P < 0.05, 0.01). Conclusion This study demonstrates that acteoside exerts strong anti-inflammatory activities in the CVF-induced acute lung inflammation model and suggests that acteoside is a potential therapeutic agent for complement-related inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guo
- School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University/State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control, Guiyang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Center for Pharmacology and Bioactivity Research, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products, Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China
- Mordern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Qiao-Zhou Liu
- School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University/State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control, Guiyang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Center for Pharmacology and Bioactivity Research, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products, Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China
- Guyuan No. 8 Middle School, Guyuan, China
| | - Fang-Juan Zhu
- School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University/State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control, Guiyang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Center for Pharmacology and Bioactivity Research, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products, Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Min Li
- General Ward, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Center for Pharmacology and Bioactivity Research, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products, Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Li Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Center for Pharmacology and Bioactivity Research, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products, Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Qian-Yun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Center for Pharmacology and Bioactivity Research, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products, Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Qing-Xiong Yang
- School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University/State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control, Guiyang, China
- Corresponding author.
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Wang F, Huang M, Wang Y, Hong Y, Zang D, Yang C, Wu C, Zhu Q. Membrane Attack Complex C5b-9 Promotes Renal Tubular Epithelial Cell Pyroptosis in Trichloroethylene-Sensitized Mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:877988. [PMID: 35656289 PMCID: PMC9152256 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.877988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Trichloroethylene (TCE), a commonly used organic solvent, is known to cause trichloroethylene hypersensitivity syndrome (THS), also called occupational medicamentosa-like dermatitis due to TCE (OMDT) in China. OMDT patients presented with severe inflammatory kidney damage, and we have previously shown that the renal damage is related to the terminal complement complex C5b-9. Here, we sought to determine whether C5b-9 participated in TCE-induced immune kidney injury by promoting pyroptosis, a new form of programed cell death linked to inflammatory response, with underlying molecular mechanisms involving the NLRP3 inflammasome. A BALB/c mouse-based model of OMDT was established by dermal TCE sensitization in the presence or absence of C5b-9 inhibitor (sCD59-Cys, 25μg/mouse) and NLRP3 antagonist (MCC950, 10 mg/kg). Kidney histopathology, renal function, expression of inflammatory mediators and the pyroptosis executive protein gasdermin D (GSDMD), and the activation of pyroptosis canonical NLRP3/caspase-1 pathway were examined in the mouse model. Renal tubular damage was observed in TCE-sensitized mice. GSDMD was mainly expressed on renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs). The caspase-1-dependent canonical pathway of pyroptosis was activated in TCE-induced renal damage. Pharmacological inhibition of C5b-9 could restrain the caspase-1-dependent canonical pathway and rescued the renal tubular damage. Taken together, our results demonstrated that complement C5b-9 plays a central role in TCE-induced immune kidney damage, and the underlying mechanisms involve NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Meng Huang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yican Wang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yiting Hong
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Dandan Zang
- Center for Scientific Research and Experiment, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chunjun Yang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Changhao Wu
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Qixing Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Potential therapeutic strategies in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2022; 21:103032. [PMID: 34999243 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2022.103032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) is an autoimmune neuropathy involving peripheral nerve and nerve roots. The pathological hallmark of CIDP is macrophage-induced demyelination. Antibodies against nerve fibers, complement decomposition, abnormalities in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid cytokine profile, and changes of peripheral blood cell proportion were also reported in CIDP patients. These findings in immunopathology provide support for the introduction of potential therapeutic options for the treatment of CIDP. In this review, we systematically listed the potential therapeutic strategies targeting different components of the immune system by comparing the treatment of other autoimmune inflammatory diseases of the nervous system. Several ongoing clinical trials will assess the efficacy and safety of potential CIDP treatments.
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Sphingosine Kinase 1 Plays an Important Role in Atorvastatin-Mediated Anti-Inflammatory Effect against Acute Lung Injury. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2021:9247285. [PMID: 34970075 PMCID: PMC8714370 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9247285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Atorvastatin is a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA reductase) inhibitor and inhibits cholesterol synthesis. Recently, atorvastatin also showed anti-inflammatory effect in acute lung injury, ameliorating pulmonary gas-blood exchanging function. Sphingosine kinase 1 plays a central role in endothelial (EC) cytoskeleton rearrangement and EC barrier integrity regulation. In this study, the role of sphingosine kinase 1 in atorvastatin anti-inflammatory effect against acute lung injury was investigated. Both wild-type (WT) and SphK1-/- mice were challenged with high tidal volume ventilation (40 ml/kg body weight, 65 breathing/min, 4 hours). The acute lung injury was evaluated and the mechanisms were explored. In WT mice, atorvastatin treatment significantly decreased acute lung injury responding to high tidal volume ventilation (HT), including protein, cellular infiltration, and cytokine releasing; comparing to WT mice, SphK1-/- mice showed significantly worsen pulmonary injuries on HT model. Moreover, the atorvastatin-mediated anti-inflammatory effect was diminished in SphK1-/- mice. To further confirm the role of SphK1 in VILI, we then compared the inflammatory response of endothelial cells that were isolated from WT and SphK1-/- mice to cyclic stretching. Similarly, atorvastatin significantly decreased cytokine generation from WT EC responding to cyclic stretching. Atorvastatin also significantly preserved endothelial junction integrity in WT EC against thrombin challenge. However, the inhibitory effect of atorvastatin on cytokine generation induced by cyclic stretching was abolished on SphK1-/- mice EC. The endothelial junction integrity effects of atorvastatin also diminished on SphK1-/- mouse EC. Signal analysis indicated that atorvastatin inhibited JNK activation induced by cyclic stretch. SphK1 knockout also blocked atorvastatin-mediated VE-cadherin junction enhancement. In summary, by inhibition of MAPK activity and maintenance of EC junction homeostasis, SphK1 plays a critical role in atorvastatin-mediated anti-inflammatory effects in both cellular and in vivo model. This study also offers an insight into mechanical stress-mediated acute lung injury and potential therapy in the future.
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