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Topan H, Günday EA, Sürme Y, Ceyhan Ö, Şimşek N, Küçük A. Guided Imagery Effects on Pain, Anxiety, and Sleep for Lumbar Discectomy Patients. J Perianesth Nurs 2024:S1089-9472(24)00100-X. [PMID: 39023479 DOI: 10.1016/j.jopan.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pain, sleep problems, and anxiety due to all these are common problems in patients who have had herniated disk surgery. This study aims to analyze the effect of the guided imagery technique on the patients' pain, anxiety, and sleep levels before and after a lumbar disk herniation (LDH) operation. DESIGN This study was conducted as a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial. METHODS The research was conducted with 60 patients who underwent LDH surgery and met the inclusion criteria. Patients were divided into experimental and control groups according to a computer-generated randomization list. The treatment group (n = 31) applied guided imagery techniques twice, once in the preoperative and postoperative periods. The control group (n = 29) was provided with routine care. "Introductory Information Form," "Surgery-Specific Anxiety Scale," "Richard-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire," and "Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)" were used. The data were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk test, paired sample t test, independent sample t test, Pearson chi-square exact test, and repeated measures two-way analysis of variance. In all results, P < .05 was considered statistically significant. FINDINGS The preoperative anxiety level of the treatment group was lower compared to the anxiety level of the control group (P < .05). The sleep score of the treatment group in the preoperative period was higher than the sleep score of the control group (P < .05). The sleep score of the treatment group in the postoperative period was found to be higher than the sleep score of the control group (P < .05). The pain average of the treatment group in the postoperative period was lower than the pain average of the control group (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Our study results revealed that guided imagery applied in the preoperative and postoperative periods effectively decreased pain and anxiety levels and increased the sleep quality of patients with LDH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Handan Topan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Surgical Nursing, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey; Department of Surgical Nursing, Institute of Health Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Eda Albayrak Günday
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Mental Health and Diseases Nursing, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Yeliz Sürme
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Surgical Nursing, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Özlem Ceyhan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Internal Diseases Nursing, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Nuray Şimşek
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Mental Health and Diseases Nursing, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Küçük
- Faculty of Medicine, Brain and Neurosurgery Department, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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Pester BD, Yoon J, Yamin JB, Papianou L, Edwards RR, Meints SM. Let’s Get Physical! A Comprehensive Review of Pre- and Post-Surgical Interventions Targeting Physical Activity to Improve Pain and Functional Outcomes in Spine Surgery Patients. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12072608. [PMID: 37048691 PMCID: PMC10095133 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12072608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal of this comprehensive review was to synthesize the recent literature on the efficacy of perioperative interventions targeting physical activity to improve pain and functional outcomes in spine surgery patients. Overall, research in this area does not yet permit definitive conclusions. Some evidence suggests that post-surgical interventions may yield more robust long-term outcomes than preoperative interventions, including large effect sizes for disability reduction, although there are no studies directly comparing these surgical approaches. Integrated treatment approaches that include psychosocial intervention components may supplement exercise programs by addressing fear avoidance behaviors that interfere with engagement in activity, thereby maximizing the short- and long-term benefits of exercise. Efforts should be made to test brief, efficient programs that maximize accessibility for surgical patients. Future work in this area should include both subjective and objective indices of physical activity as well as investigating both acute postoperative outcomes and long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany D. Pester
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-973-464-6386
| | - Jihee Yoon
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jolin B. Yamin
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Lauren Papianou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Robert R. Edwards
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Samantha M. Meints
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Comparing the Effects of Early Versus Late Exercise Intervention on Pain and Neurodynamic Mobility Following Unilateral Lumbar Microdiscectomy: A Pilot Study. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2021; 46:E998-E1005. [PMID: 34435993 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000004018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN A pilot, two-group pretest-posttest randomized controlled, single blinded study. OBJECTIVE Our study aim was to compare the changes in low back pain level, fear avoidance, neurodynamic mobility, and function after early versus later exercise intervention following a unilateral lumbar microdiscectomy. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Exercise is commonly recommended to patients following a lumbar microdiscectomy although controversy remains as to the timing and protocols for exercise intervention. METHODS Forty patients were randomly allocated to early (Group 1) or later (Group 2) exercise intervention group. The low back pain and fear avoidance were evaluated using Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire, Numeric Pain Rating Scale, and Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire. The neurodynamic mobility and function were recorded with Dualer Pro IQ Inclinometer, 50-foot walk test, and Patient-Specific Functional Scale. Two-sided t test for continuous variables and chi-square or Fisher exact test for categorical variables were used to compare the two groups' demographic data. The Wilcoxon signed-rank and rank-sum tests were used to compare the changes and the differences, respectively, in low back pain, fear avoidance, neurodynamic mobility, and function between baseline (before surgery) and postoperative repeated measurements (at 1-2, 4-6, and 8-10 wks after surgery) within each study group, after exercise intervention. RESULTS Both groups showed a significant decrease in low back pain levels and fear avoidance as well as a significant improvement in neurodynamic mobility and function at 4 and 8 weeks after surgery. However, no significant difference was reported between the two groups. CONCLUSION Our study results showed that early exercise intervention after lumbar microdiscectomy is safe and may reduce the low back pain, decrease fear avoidance, and improve neurodynamic mobility and function. A randomized controlled trial is needed to evaluate the early exercise intervention's effectiveness after lumbar microdiscectomy, and thus validate our findings.Level of Evidence: 4.
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Gilmore SJ, Hahne AJ, Davidson M, McClelland JA. Predictors of substantial improvement in physical function six months after lumbar surgery: is early post-operative walking important? A prospective cohort study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2019; 20:418. [PMID: 31506099 PMCID: PMC6737667 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-019-2806-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resuming walking after lumbar surgery is a common focus of early post-operative rehabilitation, however there is no knowledge about whether increased walking is associated with better functional outcomes. This study aimed to determine whether time spent walking in the week after lumbar surgery, along with co-morbidities, pre-operative pain duration, pre-operative physical activity or function, or surgical variables predict substantial improvement in physical function six months after lumbar surgery. METHODS A prospective cohort study design was utilized. Participants undergoing lumbar surgery (discectomy, decompression, fusion) were recruited between April and November 2016. Predictor variables were collected pre-operatively (age, sex, smoking status, obesity, diabetes, depression, anxiety, pre-operative pain duration, neurological deficit, physical activity levels, mobility restriction, function) and early post-operatively (post-operative walking time, surgical procedure, single/multi-level surgery). Outcome variables (physical function, back pain and leg pain severity) were measured pre-operatively and six-months post-operatively. Logistic regression analysis was used to establish prediction of substantial improvement in outcome at six months. RESULTS Participants (N = 233; 50% female; age 61 (SD = 14) years) who walked more in the first post-operative week were more likely to have substantially improved function on the Oswestry Disability Questionnaire at six months (OR 1.18, 95%CI 1.02-1.37), as were participants with < 12 months pre-operative pain (OR 2.71, 95%CI 1.28-5.74), and those with lower pre-operative function (OR 4.02, 95%CI 2.33-6.93). Age < 65 years (OR 2.36, 95%CI 1.14-4.85), and < 12 months pre-operative pain (OR 3.52 95%CI 1.69-7.33) predicted substantial improvement on the SF-36 Physical Component Summary. There were no significant predictors for substantial improvement in either leg or back pain. CONCLUSIONS Walking time in the week after lumbar surgery is one of several predictors of substantial improvement in function at six months. Further research is required to determine whether intervention designed to increase walking early after lumbar surgery results in improved longer-term recovery of function. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR), registration number 12616000747426 . Retrospectively registered on the 7th of June 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Gilmore
- St Vincent's Private Hospital Melbourne, 59 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, VIC, 3065, Australia.
- La Trobe University, Plenty Rd, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia.
| | - Andrew J Hahne
- La Trobe University, Plenty Rd, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Megan Davidson
- La Trobe University, Plenty Rd, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Jodie A McClelland
- La Trobe University, Plenty Rd, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia
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Gilmore SJ, Davidson M, Hahne AJ, McClelland JA. The validity of using activity monitors to detect step count after lumbar fusion surgery. Disabil Rehabil 2018; 42:863-868. [DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2018.1509140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J. Gilmore
- Physiotherapy Department, St Vincent’s Private Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nutrition and Sport, School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Megan Davidson
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nutrition and Sport, School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew J. Hahne
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nutrition and Sport, School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jodie A. McClelland
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nutrition and Sport, School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Correlation between the Oswestry Disability Index and objective measurements of walking capacity and performance in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis: a systematic literature review. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2018; 27:1604-1613. [PMID: 29508075 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-018-5520-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) plays a significant role in lumbar spinal stenosis research and is used to assess patient's walking limitations. The World Health Organisation describes the constructs of walking capacity and performance and recommend measuring both to fully describe patient's walking ability. Objective methods to assess walking capacity and performance is being investigated and used alongside the traditional use of PROs. This review of the literature was made to provide an overview of relations between the ODI and outcome measures of walking capacity and performance in spinal stenosis research, and to provide a strategy for improving such measures in future research. METHODS The review was conducted according to the Prisma Statement. In February 2017, a search was performed in Pubmed, Embase and Cochrane database. Authors independently screened articles by title, abstract, and full text, and studies were included if both authors agreed. Articles with correlation analysis between the ODI, walking capacity and performance measures by accelerometer or GPS were included. RESULTS The results support a correlation between the ODI and walking capacity measures. The available studies using ODI and accelerometers were too few to reach a conclusion regarding correlation between ODI and walking performance. No articles with GPS measure were identified. CONCLUSIONS The ODI should not stand alone when evaluating walking limitations in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis. To enable a comprehensive assessment of walking ability, a walking test should be used to assess walking capacity and accelerometers should be investigated and standardized in measuring walking performance. These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material.
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