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Tseng KF, Shiu ST, Hung CY, Chan YH, Chee TJ, Huang PC, Lai PC, Feng SW. Osseointegration Potential Assessment of Bone Graft Materials Loaded with Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Peri-Implant Bone Defects. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:862. [PMID: 38255941 PMCID: PMC10815485 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Many studies have been exploring the use of bone graft materials (BGMs) and mesenchymal stem cells in bone defect reconstruction. However, the regeneration potential of Algipore (highly purified hydroxyapatite) and Biphasic (hydroxyapatite/beta-tricalcium phosphate) BGMs combined with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) remains unclear. Therefore, we evaluated their osseointegration capacities in reconstructing peri-implant bone defects. The cellular characteristics of BMSCs and the material properties of Algipore and Biphasic were assessed in vitro. Four experimental groups-Algipore, Biphasic, Algipore+BMSCs, and Biphasic+BMSCs-were designed in a rabbit tibia peri-implant defect model. Implant stability parameters were measured. After 4 and 8 weeks of healing, all samples were evaluated using micro-CT, histological, and histomorphometric analysis. In the energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy experiment, the Ca/P ratio was higher for Algipore (1.67) than for Biphasic (1.44). The ISQ values continuously increased, and the PTV values gradually decreased for all groups during the healing period. Both Algipore and Biphasic BGM promoted new bone regeneration. Higher implant stability and bone volume density were observed when Algipore and Biphasic BGMs were combined with BMSCs. Biphasic BGM exhibited a faster degradation rate than Algipore BGM. Notably, after eight weeks of healing, Algipore with BSMCs showed more bone-implant contact than Biphasic alone (p < 0.05). Both Algipore and Biphasic are efficient in reconstructing peri-implant bone defects. In addition, Algipore BGM incorporation with BSMCs displayed the best performance in enhancing implant stability and osseointegration potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Fang Tseng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110301, Taiwan
| | - Shiau-Ting Shiu
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110301, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 235041, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yi Hung
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110301, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry and Graduate Institute of Dental Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 114201, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Hui Chan
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110301, Taiwan
| | - Tze-Jian Chee
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110301, Taiwan
| | - Pai-Chun Huang
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110301, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Chuang Lai
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Sheng-Wei Feng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110301, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry and Graduate Institute of Dental Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 114201, Taiwan
- Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan
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