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Khanagar SB, Aldawas I, Alrusaini SK, Albalawi F, Alshehri A, Awawdeh M, Iyer K, Divakar DD. Association of Electronic Cigarette Usage with the Subsequent Initiation of Combustible Cigarette Smoking among Dental Students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Longitudinal Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1092. [PMID: 38891167 PMCID: PMC11172238 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12111092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The use of electronic cigarettes, or "e-cigarettes", among youths has sparked worries about the possibility of nicotine dependence as a serious public health issue. Dental practitioners play a critical role in helping their patients quit smoking. Dental schools across the globe have policies encouraging their students to help patients quit smoking. Current research, however, indicates that a significant portion of dental students smoke combustible cigarettes and use e-cigarettes. According to studies, using e-cigarettes has resulted in the subsequent initiation of combustible cigarette smoking among its users. The aim of this study was to determine the association between the use of electronic cigarettes and the subsequent initiation of combustible cigarette smoking among dental students who were not attitudinally susceptible to smoking combustible cigarettes. A longitudinal cohort study was conducted among 121 study participants who were never combustible cigarette users and were attitudinally non-susceptible to smoking at baseline. At baseline, 66 (54.6%) study participants were categorized as e-cigarette users who were attitudinally non-susceptible to combustible cigarette smoking, and 55 (45.4%) study participants were categorized as non-users who were attitudinally non-susceptible to combustible cigarette smoking. The initiation of combustible cigarette smoking was assessed at 6- and 12-month intervals. Binomial regression analysis of the outcome at the end of one-year follow-up, when analyzed with independent variables, revealed a significant influence of e-cigarette use on taking up combustible cigarette smoking [Relative Risk: 9.395; 95% CI: 3.03-29.04]. Chi-squared analysis of independent variables revealed e-cigarette use to be significantly associated with fathers' education level (p = 0.00), parental cigarette smoking status (p = 0.00), cigarette smoking among friends (p = 0.00), and family income (p = 0.00). E-cigarette users are more likely to believe it to be healthier (p = 0.00) than combustible smoking. In the present study, e-cigarette usage demonstrated a significant influence on taking up combustible cigarette smoking among its users. Educational institutions should implement stringent policies and regulations to prevent health professionals from using these products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev B. Khanagar
- Preventive Dental Science Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
- College of Public Health, Texila American University, Georgetown 413741, Guyana
| | - Ibrahim Aldawas
- College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salman Khalid Alrusaini
- College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farraj Albalawi
- Preventive Dental Science Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aram Alshehri
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
- Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Awawdeh
- Preventive Dental Science Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kiran Iyer
- Preventive Dental Science Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Darshan Devang Divakar
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia;
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Priya H, Deb Barma M, Purohit BM, Agarwal D, Bhadauria US, Tewari N, Gupta S, Mishra D, Morankar R, Mathur VP, Duggal R. Global Status of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on Tobacco Cessation Interventions Among Dental Professionals: A Systematic Review. Tob Use Insights 2022; 15:1179173X221137218. [PMID: 36601000 PMCID: PMC9806401 DOI: 10.1177/1179173x221137218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the emergence of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, globally the use of tobacco has decreased notably, although, it still requires efforts at individual, organizational, community level to decrease the rate further. Dental professionals are at an excellent position to provide tobacco cessation counselling and interventions, however, it is not practiced much due to lack of training and lack of knowledge. Therefore, this systematic review was conducted to assess the global status of knowledge, attitude and practice on tobacco cessation interventions among dental professionals. MATERIALS AND METHOD A systematic search of 6 databases with no language restriction since 2000 was undertaken. Studies were included if they assessed knowledge, attitude and practice on tobacco cessation interventions among dental professionals using a validated or prevalidated tool. The data obtained for assessment of knowledge, attitude, practice, curriculum and barriers were represented through heatmaps. Quality assessment of the studies was done using Newcastle Ottawa scale. RESULTS Fifty six studies were included in this systematic review. Majority of the studies were found to be of moderate quality. Knowledge regarding the tobacco cessation interventions was more theoretical than practical. All the studies showed a favorable attitude among dental professionals towards tobacco cessation intervention. CONCLUSION The included studies lack homogeneity in assessing knowledge, attitude and practice on tobacco cessation interventions. The development and validation of a standardized questionnaire to assess knowledge, attitude and practice on tobacco cessation interventions could be a potentially effective way to uniformly gather data on the subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Priya
- Division of Public Health
Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. National Oral Health
Program, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Division of Pedodontics
and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Division of Oral Medicine
and Radiology, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Division of Oral
Pathology, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Chief, Centre for Dental
Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India.,Harsh Priya, Division of Public Health
Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of
Medical Sciences, 110029, CDER, New Delhi 110029, India.
| | - Manali Deb Barma
- Division of Public Health
Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. National Oral Health
Program, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Division of Pedodontics
and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Division of Oral Medicine
and Radiology, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Division of Oral
Pathology, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Chief, Centre for Dental
Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Bharathi M Purohit
- Division of Public Health
Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. National Oral Health
Program, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Division of Pedodontics
and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Division of Oral Medicine
and Radiology, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Division of Oral
Pathology, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Chief, Centre for Dental
Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Deepali Agarwal
- Division of Public Health
Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. National Oral Health
Program, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Division of Pedodontics
and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Division of Oral Medicine
and Radiology, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Division of Oral
Pathology, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Chief, Centre for Dental
Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Upendra Singh Bhadauria
- Division of Public Health
Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. National Oral Health
Program, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Division of Pedodontics
and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Division of Oral Medicine
and Radiology, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Division of Oral
Pathology, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Chief, Centre for Dental
Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Nitesh Tewari
- Division of Public Health
Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. National Oral Health
Program, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Division of Pedodontics
and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Division of Oral Medicine
and Radiology, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Division of Oral
Pathology, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Chief, Centre for Dental
Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shalini Gupta
- Division of Public Health
Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. National Oral Health
Program, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Division of Pedodontics
and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Division of Oral Medicine
and Radiology, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Division of Oral
Pathology, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Chief, Centre for Dental
Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Deepika Mishra
- Division of Public Health
Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. National Oral Health
Program, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Division of Pedodontics
and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Division of Oral Medicine
and Radiology, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Division of Oral
Pathology, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Chief, Centre for Dental
Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rahul Morankar
- Division of Public Health
Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. National Oral Health
Program, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Division of Pedodontics
and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Division of Oral Medicine
and Radiology, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Division of Oral
Pathology, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Chief, Centre for Dental
Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vijay Prakash Mathur
- Division of Public Health
Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. National Oral Health
Program, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Division of Pedodontics
and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Division of Oral Medicine
and Radiology, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Division of Oral
Pathology, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Chief, Centre for Dental
Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ritu Duggal
- Division of Public Health
Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. National Oral Health
Program, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Division of Pedodontics
and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Division of Oral Medicine
and Radiology, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Division of Oral
Pathology, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India. Chief, Centre for Dental
Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical
Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Halboub E, Jafer MA, Khormi HI, Kariri AA, Atiah SA, Lughbi SJ, Ba-Hattab R, Al-Maweri SA. Attitudes and practices of tobacco cessation counseling among Saudi dental professionals: A nationwide cross-sectional survey. Niger J Clin Pract 2022; 25:502-508. [PMID: 35439911 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_1784_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Dental professionals can play a pivotal role in educating the public about the harmful effects of smoking and encouraging them to quit the habit. Aim This study assesses the attitudes and practices of tobacco cessation counseling (TCC) among dental professionals in Saudi Arabia. Patients and Methods This questionnaire-based cross-sectional study targeted dentists and dental interns working in government and private sectors in Saudi Arabia. We conducted a descriptive analysis by using SPSS Statistics, version 25.0. Results A total of 895 respondents (314 interns and 581 dentists) participated in this survey. Although the majority of respondents (93%) reported that they always ask patients about tobacco habits, only 59% reported recording tobacco habits in patients' files, and only 55% of the respondents reported explaining to patients the harmful effects of tobacco. Around 91% of the participants believe that a dental clinic is an appropriate place for TCC, and 22% believe that TCC has a negative impact on dental practice. Smoking status, work setting, and the number of years since graduation were found to be significantly associated with the respondents' attitudes and practices. Lack of training, time limitations, and lack of confidence were barriers for TCC. Conclusions Dental professionals in Saudi Arabia demonstrated relatively positive attitudes but weak practices of TCC. Continuous education and motivation are needed to improve dentists' confidence, attitudes, and willingness for TCC. Integration of tobacco control education in undergraduate curricula is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Halboub
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia; Department of Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen
| | - M A Jafer
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia; Honor Researcher, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - H I Khormi
- College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - A A Kariri
- College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - S A Atiah
- College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - S J Lughbi
- College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - R Ba-Hattab
- College of Dental Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - S A Al-Maweri
- College of Dental Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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