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Huang X, Huang W, Pei T, Zhao Y, Wang Y, Gu Y, Bai X. Evaluation of three-dimensional reconstructed palatal morphology in skeletal class III subjects with different vertical patterns using cone beam computed tomography. Head Face Med 2024; 20:8. [PMID: 38281028 PMCID: PMC10821571 DOI: 10.1186/s13005-024-00408-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to evaluate the difference of three-dimensional (3D) reconstructed palatal morphology between subjects with skeletal Class III and skeletal Class I in different vertical patterns using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). METHODS In this study, 89 subjects with skeletal Class III (49 females, 40 males; 25.45 ± 3.81 years) and 85 subjects with skeletal Class I (45 females, 40 males; 23.95 ± 4.45 years) were collected retrospectively and divided into hyperdivergent, normodivergent and hypodivergent groups. Dolphin software was used to reorient the CBCT images of these subjects. After segmenting 3D object of maxilla from the 3D skull by ProPlan software, Geomagic Studio was used to reconstruct 3D palatal morphology and establish an average 3D palatal morphology for each group. The differences of 3D palatal morphology between different groups were compared by deviation patterns on 3D colored map analysis. RESULTS 3D colored map analysis showed the posterior part of male's palate was higher and wider than that of female's palate in skeletal Class III subjects. In skeletal Class III subjects, males with hyperdivergent pattern had a higher and narrower palate compared with hypodivergent subjects, while females with hyperdivergent had a higher but not obviously narrower palate compared with hypodivergent subjects. In the similar vertical patterns, skeletal Class III subjects had a flatter but not narrower palate compared with skeletal Class I subjects, along with a smaller palate volume. CONCLUSIONS This method allows more intuitive between-group comparisons of the differences of 3D palatal morphology. In skeletal Class III subjects, as the vertical dimension increased, the palate tends to be higher and narrower. Therefore, the influence of vertical patterns on the palatal morphology should be fully considered in the orthodontic and orthognathic treatment of skeletal Class III subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Huang
- Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Center, Guangdong Provincial High-level Clinical Key Specialty & Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, Guangdong, PR China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Wenbin Huang
- Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Center, Guangdong Provincial High-level Clinical Key Specialty & Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, Guangdong, PR China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Tao Pei
- Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Center, Guangdong Provincial High-level Clinical Key Specialty & Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yijiao Zhao
- Center of Digital Dentistry, Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National, No.22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Yong Wang
- Center of Digital Dentistry, Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National, No.22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Yan Gu
- National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR China.
| | - Xueqin Bai
- Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Center, Guangdong Provincial High-level Clinical Key Specialty & Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, Guangdong, PR China.
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Wang C, Liu C, Mao Q, Zhou L, Xiang X. Skeletal and dentoalveolar modifications in adults with different sagittal facial patterns after personalized miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion: A prospective cone-beam computed tomography study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2023; 164:843-854. [PMID: 37632488 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2023.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to compare the skeletal and dental modifications in adults with different sagittal facial patterns by a personalized miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expander (pMARPE). METHODS Forty subjects (aged 18-28 years; 15 females and 25 males) with maxillary transverse deficiency were assigned to 1 of 3 groups (Class I, II, and III relationship) on the basis of their sagittal facial patterns. Each patient was treated with an individually customized expander. A similar expansion protocol was used for all patients. Cone-beam computed tomography scans were obtained before and after expansion. One-way analysis of variance was used to analyze differences among 3 groups in skeletal, dentoalveolar, and periodontal changes (P <0.05). RESULTS The success rates of expansion were higher in patients with a Class I or II relationship than those with a Class III relationship. Patients with a Class I or II relationship had greater changes in the anterior nasal spine and maxillary basal bone widths. A more parallel sutural opening in the anteroposterior direction was seen in those with a Class II relationship. The tipping of the maxillary first molar increased, and the buccal alveolar bone thickness decreased in all groups after expansion, especially in patients with a Class III relationship. CONCLUSIONS The pMARPE effectively split the midpalatal suture among adults. However, midpalatal suture expansion was more difficult, and there were more dentoalveolar side effects and fewer orthopedic effects in patients with a Class III relationship than in those with Class I or II relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlin Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Conghua Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qin Mao
- Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lishu Zhou
- Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaosong Xiang
- Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Lubis H, Lubis M, Sutan C. The relationship of maxillary arch dimension with vertical facial morphology in proto-malay race. J Orthod Sci 2022; 11:17. [PMID: 35754429 PMCID: PMC9214423 DOI: 10.4103/jos.jos_173_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: DESIGN: SETTING: PARTICIPANTS: METHODS: RESULTS: CONCLUSION:
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El Sergani AM, Brandebura S, Padilla C, Butali A, Adeyemo WL, Valencia-Ramírez C, Restrepo Muñeton CP, Moreno LM, Buxó CJ, Neiswanger K, Shaffer JR, Marazita ML, Weinberg SM. The Influence of Sex and Ancestry on Three-Dimensional Palate Shape. J Craniofac Surg 2021; 32:2883-2887. [PMID: 34231514 PMCID: PMC8563422 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000007796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Modern human palate shape has been reported to vary by sex and ancestry, but limitations in the methods used to quantify shape and in population coverage have led to inconsistent findings. In the present study, the authors aim to characterize the effects of sex and ancestry on normal-range three-dimensional palate shape through landmark-based morphometrics.Three-dimensional digital dental casts were obtained and landmarked from 794 adults of European (n = 429), African (n = 295), and East Asian (n = 70) ancestry. Principal component analysis was conducted to identify patterns of shape variation present in our cohort, and canonical variates analysis was performed to test for shape differences between sexes and ancestries.Principal component analysis showed that 3 principal components, explaining 76.52% of variance, linked higher palatal vault with either a relative reduction in anteroposterior or mediolateral dimensions. Canonical variates analysis showed that males had wider and shorter palates with more posteriorly located maximum vault depth than females. Individuals of African ancestry, having higher vaults with more posteriorly located maximal depths, also had wider and shorter palates, whereas individuals of European ancestry had narrower and longer palates with more anteriorly located maximum vault depths. Individuals of East Asian ancestry showed the shallowest vaults.It was found that both sex and ancestry influence palate shape, suggesting a possible genetic component underlying this variation. Additionally, our findings indicate that vault height tends to co-vary with anteroposterior or mediolateral dimensions. Further investigation of these morphological patterns may shed light on possible links to common congenital anomalies such as orofacial clefting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M. El Sergani
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Stephanie Brandebura
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Carmencita Padilla
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Institute of Human Genetics, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, The Philippines
- Philippine Genome Center, University of the Philippines System, Quezon, The Philippines
| | - Azeez Butali
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Wasiu L. Adeyemo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Lina M. Moreno
- Department of Orthodontics & The Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Carmen J. Buxó
- Dental and Craniofacial Genomics Core, School of Dental Medicine, Medical Science Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Katherine Neiswanger
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - John R. Shaffer
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Mary L. Marazita
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Seth M. Weinberg
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
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The influence of facial types on the morphology and location of the greater palatine foramen: a CBCT study. Oral Radiol 2021; 38:337-343. [PMID: 34409547 DOI: 10.1007/s11282-021-00563-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the morphology and location of the great palatine foramen (GPF) of different facial types using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. METHODS Sixty CBCT scans were divided into: brachyfacial (n = 20), dolichofacial (n = 20) and mesofacial (n = 20) using Ricketts' VERT index for the determination of cephalometric facial type and imported into ImageJ software. GPF shape was characterized as: round, elongated in the anteroposterior direction (EAP), or elongated in the latero-medial direction (ELM). The distances between the GPF and the palatine suture (PS), the center of the GPF and the center incisive foramen (IF), the GPF and the palatine alveolar ridge (PAR), right side GPF (GPFr) and left side (GPFl) GPFs; and the angles formed from the intersection of the GPF, IF and PS were assessed. The position of the GPF was evaluated in relation to the molars. RESULTS GPFr and GPFl mean distances from PAR presented higher values for dolichofacial patients (p < 0.05). GPFr and GPFl location distally to the third molar (3 M) was higher for brachyfacial type, while their location distally to the second molar was higher for mesofacial and between the mesial and distal surfaces of the 3 M for dolichofacial (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The GPF was more distant from the PAR in the dolichofacial-type group. The location of the GPF in relation to the molars varied according to the facial type. However, the morphology of the GPF was similar in the three facial types, and the elongated in the anteroposterior direction morphology was more frequent.
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Chen H, Liu Z, Hu X, Wu B, Gu Y. Comparison of mandibular cross-sectional morphology between Class I and Class II subjects with different vertical patterns: based on CBCT images and statistical shape analysis. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:238. [PMID: 33952217 PMCID: PMC8097981 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01591-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study is aimed to (1) investigate the influence of sagittal and vertical patterns on mandibular cross-sectional morphology and to (2) provide visualized mandibular cross-sectional morphology in different groups with General Procrustes Analysis (GPA), canonical variance analysis (CVA) and discriminant function analysis (DFA). Methods 324 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were collected to analyze mandibular cross-sectional morphology and were categorized into 12 groups according to sagittal and vertical pattern and gender. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the difference among the groups. Thirty equidistant points were marked along the contour of mandibular cross-section and GPA, CVA and DFA were applied. Results (1) Mandibular height in hyperdivergent groups was significantly higher than that in normodivergent and hypodivergent groups (P < 0.05). (2) Hypodivergent groups showed significantly wider upper third of mandibular width from symphysis to molar region than that in hyperdivergent group (P < 0.05), except for the premolar and molar regions in male groups (P > 0.05). (3) Class II hyperdivergent group showed narrowest lower third width in the molar region, with the mean value of 12.03 mm in females and 11.98 mm in males. (4) For males and females, the ratio between height and lower third width at symphysis was significantly higher in Class II hyperdivergent group than that in Class I hyperdivergent group (P < 0.05). Conclusions (1) The influence of vertical facial patterns on mandibular cross-sectional morphology is more obvious than that of sagittal skeletal pattern. (2) Subjects with increased vertical dimension presented with a remarkable “slimer” mandibular cross-sectional morphology at symphysis. (3) A deeper curve along the anterior contour of symphysis in Class II hyperdivergent group was noted with GPA. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12903-021-01591-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Chen
- Department of Orthodontics, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zijin Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xinnong Hu
- Department of Orthodontics, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ben Wu
- Center for Applied Statistics, School of Statistics, Renmin University of China, No. 59 Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100872, China.
| | - Yan Gu
- Department of Orthodontics, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China.
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