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Son JY, Han DH. The Relationship between High-Intensity Physical Activity and Traumatic Dental Injury among Young Adults in South Korea. Int J Dent 2024; 2024:9678841. [PMID: 38962727 PMCID: PMC11221969 DOI: 10.1155/2024/9678841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Materials and Methods This study analyzed data collected from the 5th National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V:2010-2012). The total number of participants in the 5th KNAHANES was 5,383 young adults aged 19-39 years, selected from 25,534 participants. Logistic regression analysis was performed using socioeconomic status (sex, age, education level, and income), physical activity intensity (vigorous and moderate), frequency of vigorous and moderate physical activity (days per week), and traumatic dental injuries due to exercise. Results A total of 5,383 participants were included in the analysis. High-intensity exercisers had a statistically different association with traumatic dental injuries due to exercise. In all models, high-intensity exercisers had more traumatic dental injuries than moderate-intensity exercisers, and participants who exercised vigorously 4 or more days per week had a significantly higher prevalence experience of traumatic dental injuries. Among adults in their 20s, men, college attendees, and those with higher incomes, the prevalence of exercising vigorously 4 or more days per week was higher. Conclusions Among young adults, a higher frequency of high-intensity physical activity was associated with a higher prevalence experience of traumatic tooth injury due to exercise compared with no physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Young Son
- Department of Preventive and Social DentistrySchool of DentistrySeoul National University, 1, Gwanak-ro, Guanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Dental Research InstituteSeoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hun Han
- Department of Preventive and Social DentistrySchool of DentistrySeoul National University, 1, Gwanak-ro, Guanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Dental Research InstituteSeoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Vieira RV, da Cruz CAG, Alencar GP, Gomes VE, Chalub LLFH, Soares ARDS, Fonseca MLV, Kawachi I, Ferreira RC. Experience of Discrimination and Oral Health Self-Perception: A Cross-Sectional Study among Brazilian Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:743. [PMID: 38928989 PMCID: PMC11203647 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21060743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study investigated the association between experiences of discrimination and oral health self-perception among a probabilistic cluster sample of Brazilian adults who participated in the 2013 National Health Survey. Oral health self-perception was categorized into three groups (very good + good; fair; poor + very poor). Reported experiences of discrimination included attributions based on the respondent's race/skin color, social class, income, occupation, illness, sexual orientation, religion, sex, and age. Covariates included sociodemographic data, oral health conditions, access to healthcare services, health habits, mental health, and participation in social and/or religious activities. Data were analyzed using ordinal logistic regression for non-proportional odds, considering sample weights and complex samples. Among 60,202 adults, 5.84% perceived their oral health as poor + very poor, with a significantly higher proportion among those experiencing discrimination (9.98%). Adults who experienced discrimination were 1.39 times more likely to report a "poor/very poor/fair" oral health self-perception compared to those who did not experience discrimination. Those who suffered discrimination were 1.28 times more likely to have a "very poor/poor" oral health self-perception than their counterparts who were not affected by discrimination. These findings underscore the importance of considering discrimination experiences as part of the social determinants influencing oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Vitor Vieira
- Department of Social and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (R.V.V.); (C.A.G.d.C.); (V.E.G.); (L.L.F.H.C.); (A.R.d.S.S.); (M.L.V.F.)
| | - Carlos Antonio Gomes da Cruz
- Department of Social and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (R.V.V.); (C.A.G.d.C.); (V.E.G.); (L.L.F.H.C.); (A.R.d.S.S.); (M.L.V.F.)
| | - Gizelton Pereira Alencar
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-220, SP, Brazil;
| | - Viviane Elisângela Gomes
- Department of Social and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (R.V.V.); (C.A.G.d.C.); (V.E.G.); (L.L.F.H.C.); (A.R.d.S.S.); (M.L.V.F.)
| | - Loliza Luiz Figueiredo Houri Chalub
- Department of Social and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (R.V.V.); (C.A.G.d.C.); (V.E.G.); (L.L.F.H.C.); (A.R.d.S.S.); (M.L.V.F.)
| | - Anna Rachel dos Santos Soares
- Department of Social and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (R.V.V.); (C.A.G.d.C.); (V.E.G.); (L.L.F.H.C.); (A.R.d.S.S.); (M.L.V.F.)
| | - Maria Luiza Viana Fonseca
- Department of Social and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (R.V.V.); (C.A.G.d.C.); (V.E.G.); (L.L.F.H.C.); (A.R.d.S.S.); (M.L.V.F.)
| | - Ichiro Kawachi
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Raquel Conceição Ferreira
- Department of Social and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (R.V.V.); (C.A.G.d.C.); (V.E.G.); (L.L.F.H.C.); (A.R.d.S.S.); (M.L.V.F.)
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Rodrigues J, Evangelopoulos E, Anagnostopoulos I, Sachdev N, Ismail A, Samsudin R, Khalaf K, Pattanaik S, Shetty SR. Impact of class II and class III skeletal malocclusion on pharyngeal airway dimensions: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27284. [PMID: 38501020 PMCID: PMC10945137 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study is a pioneer systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at comparing the influence of Class II and Class III skeletal malocclusions on pharyngeal airway dimensions. It stands as the inaugural comprehensive assessment to collate and analyze the disparate findings from previously published articles on this topic. The objective of this study was to identify published articles that compare the effects of class II and class III skeletal malocclusion on the pharyngeal airway dimensions. Methods An all-inclusive search for existing published studies was done to identify peer-reviewed scholarly articles that compared the influence of class II and class III skeletal malocclusion on pharyngeal airway dimensions. The search was done via five electronic databases: Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed. Screening of the articles was done and the eligible studies were critically assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist. Results The initial search yielded 476 potential articles of which, nine were finally included in this study for a total of 866 patients. Three studies were of cross-sectional design and six were of retrospective study design. Following a critical analysis and review of the studies, class III skeletal malocclusion had significantly larger volume and area measurements compared to class II skeletal malocclusion. Conclusion Research in the field of literature has established that variations in skeletal classifications have a discernible effect on the size of the pharyngeal airways. With the advancement of skeletal malocclusions to a class III, there is an observed increase in both the volume and cross-sectional area of the airways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jensyll Rodrigues
- College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | | | | | | | - Ahmad Ismail
- College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rani Samsudin
- College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khaled Khalaf
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Snigdha Pattanaik
- College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shishir Ram Shetty
- College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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Bright KL, Lichtman K. An ethnographic study of a community dentistry network serving Latine migrant farmworkers in Vermont: Barriers and access to care during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2024; 52:59-67. [PMID: 37501550 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Primary dental healthcare services are not accessible for a majority of Latino/a/e migrant farmworkers in the United States. Unmet dental health needs are well documented in larger states like California, Florida and New York, but the dental healthcare picture in smaller states is not well understood. The goal of this qualitative ethnographic study was to understand the delivery model of a free dentistry network serving Latine farmworkers in rural Vermont and specific barriers experienced at the network during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Semi-structured ethnographic interviews were carried out with clinicians and transcripts were analysed using the constant comparison method to identify salient concerns and recommendations about barriers and delivery of care. RESULTS Clinicians highlighted structural issues including farmworkers' lack of time off work and absence of transportation to attend appointments, concerns about COVID-19 safety, concerns about immigration surveillance and language barriers. Providers outlined steps for improved service delivery including mobile care at local farms, enhanced intercultural training for providers, recognizing dentistry as essential healthcare at the state level and the leverage of existing appointments for preventive health. Drawing on anthropological frameworks of place-based care and deservingness of healthcare, our ethnographic findings emphasize the role of community dentistry in bridging gaps in migrant healthcare during and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin L Bright
- Department of Anthropology, Middlebury College, Middlebury, Vermont, USA
| | - Kayla Lichtman
- Department of Anthropology, Middlebury College, Middlebury, Vermont, USA
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Novrinda H, Azhara CS, Rahardjo A, Ramadhani A, Dong-Hun H. Determinants and inequality of recurrent aphthous stomatitis in an Indonesian population: a cross sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:1024. [PMID: 38114965 PMCID: PMC10731680 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03683-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS) is the most common type of ulceration in the oral cavity which can occur due to several factors. AIMS To determine the factors related to the incidence of RAS and examine the social class inequality in RAS among the Indonesian population using data from the fifth wave of the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS5) in 2014. METHODS This study is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design using secondary data from IFLS5 data in 2014 (n = 28,410). Socio-economic position (SEP) was calculated by Adult Equivalent Scale and categorized into 4 classes. Outcome is RAS. Mediating factors were psychosocial (stress), eating behavioral (food consumption), and systemic diseases. Descriptive analysis, chi-square and a series of logistic regressions were performed to analyze the data. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to report the results. RESULTS Only 18.39% of IFLS5 respondents experienced the incidence of recurrent aphthous stomatitis in 2014. The bivariate (chi-square) results showed that there was a relationship between the incidence of RAS and the related independent variables. Logistic regression showed the highest possibility of RAS in respondents aged 18-34 years, female, unmarried, high school education level, living in the city, having frequent stress levels, having food habits that frequently drinking soda, sweet foods, chili sauce, fried food and has systemic diseases such as, asthma, cancer, rheumatism, and digestion. The lowest SEP group had the highest probability of occurrence of RAS over the other groups among the different models. CONCLUSIONS There are several factors that determine the incidence of RAS. There was a monotonic gradient of inequality in RAS according to SEP group. This study might be useful to provide information regarding the relationship of determinants factors with the incidence of RAS to prevent it and promote oral health in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herry Novrinda
- Department of Dental Public Health and Preventive Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
| | | | - Anton Rahardjo
- Department of Dental Public Health and Preventive Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Atik Ramadhani
- Department of Dental Public Health and Preventive Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Han Dong-Hun
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
- Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Raskin SE, Thakkar-Samtani M, Santoro M, Fleming EB, Heaton LJ, Tranby EP. Discrimination and Dignity Experiences in Prior Oral Care Visits Predict Racialized Oral Health Inequities Among Nationally Representative US Adults. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2023:10.1007/s40615-023-01821-0. [PMID: 37848669 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-023-01821-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Racism, an oppressive and fallacious sociopolitical hierarchy, is a fundamental cause of oral health inequities worldwide. Everyday discrimination is associated with worse self-rated oral health, toothache and adult tooth loss, and lower oral care utilization. Few studies examine discrimination or microaggressions within oral care settings or their effects on oral health outcomes. We adapted the seven-item Everyday Discrimination Scale to the oral care setting (EDSOC); developed a four-item Dignity in Oral Care Scale (DOCS); fielded them to a probability-based nationally representative sample of US households as part of the 2022 State of Oral Health Equity in America survey (SOHEA, n = 5682); and examined associations between EDSOC and DOCS scores and three outcomes: self-rated oral health, duration since last oral care visit, and planning for future preventive/routine oral care. Nearly, all EDSCOC and DOCS measures were significantly associated with oral health outcomes. Discrimination experience in dental settings had an additive effect on reporting fair/poor oral health and a suppressive effect on planning a future dental visit. Indignity experience doubled-to-quadrupled the likelihood of reporting fair/poor oral health, not having visited a dentist in 2 years, and not planning a future oral care visit. Racio-ethnically minoritized patients may experience the unjust double bind of resolving urgent dental or completing preventive services needs amidst being treated in a discriminatory manner or without dignity. Oral health stakeholders should invest more effort to understand relationships between racism and oral health outcomes and introduce evidence-based interventions to ultimately abolish this societal harm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Raskin
- L. Douglas Wilder School of Government and Public Affairs, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1001 W. Franklin Street, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA.
| | | | - Morgan Santoro
- Analytics and Data Insights, CareQuest Institute for Oral Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Lisa J Heaton
- Analytics and Data Insights, CareQuest Institute for Oral Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eric P Tranby
- Analytics and Data Insights, CareQuest Institute for Oral Health, Boston, MA, USA
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De Foo C, Wu S, Amin F, Rajaraman N, Cook AR, Legido-Quigley H. A qualitative exploration of factors that influence the uptake of tuberculosis services by low-skilled migrant workers in Singapore. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:943. [PMID: 37659999 PMCID: PMC10475191 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09938-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Singapore relies heavily on migrant workers to build its country and harbours a relatively large population of these workers. Importantly, tuberculosis (TB) remains a pernicious threat to the health of these workers and in line with the United Nations High-Level Meeting in 2023, this paper aims to uncover the qualitative discourse facing migrant workers' uptake of TB services and provide policy recommendations to enable more equitable access to TB services for this population. METHODS In-depth interviews were carried out with the migrant worker population recruited from a non-governmental organisation in Singapore that serves migrant workers through the provision of primary healthcare services, counselling, and social assistance. Interviews stopped once thematic saturation was achieved and no new themes and subthemes were found. RESULTS A total of 29 participants were interviewed, including 16 Bangladeshis and 13 Chinese, aged between 22 and 54 years old, all worked in the construction sector. Four key themes emerged. They are (1) General TB knowledge: Misconceptions are prevalent, where we found that participants were aware of the disease but did not possess a clear understanding of its pathophysiology and associated health effects, (2) Contextual knowledge and perception of associated policies related to TB in Singapore: low awareness among migrant workers as participants' accounts depicted a lack of information sources in Singapore especially on issues related to healthcare including TB, (3) Attitude to towards TB: Motivation to seek treatment is underpinned by ability to continue working and (4) Stigma: mixed perception of how society views TB patients. The gaps identified in migrant workers' TB knowledge, their attitude towards the disease and their perception of the availability of TB-related services is despite Singapore's efforts to curb community spread of TB and its proactive initiatives to reduce the prevalence. CONCLUSION Our study illuminates the various aspects that policymakers need to home in on to ensure this vulnerable group is sufficiently supported and equitably cared for if they develop active TB during their stay in Singapore as they contribute to the nation's economy. Leveraging the COVID-19 pandemic as a window of opportunity to improve overall healthcare access for vulnerable groups in Singapore can be a starting point.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan De Foo
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Shishi Wu
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Fariha Amin
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Natarajan Rajaraman
- HealthServe Community Clinic, Singapore, Singapore
- Maluk Timor, Dili, Timor Leste, Timor-Leste
| | - Alex R Cook
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Helena Legido-Quigley
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Imperial College and the George Institute for Global Health, London, UK
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Association between perceived discrimination in health services and oral health-related quality of life in older adults. J Dent 2022; 125:104249. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Zhou D, Wen X. Self-employment and health inequality of migrant workers. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:937. [PMID: 35864486 PMCID: PMC9306050 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-08340-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Self-employment is one of the most common forms of employment for migrant workers in China. However, migrant workers’ lifestyle and behavior, as well as health disparities among them, would be impacted by self-employment. This research aims to explore the mechanism and group differences of the effect of self-employment on health inequality among Chinese migrant workers. Materials and methods To explore the effect of self-employment on health inequalities among migrant workers, this research uses the data from the 2018 China Migrant Workers Dynamic Monitoring Survey, and the RIF-I-OLS decomposition method. Results We find that self-employment will reduce the health inequality of Chinese migrant workers significantly, especially among migrant workers with low education, low income, and low social integration. A further examination reveals that self-employment can directly promote the self-rated health of migrant workers. Additionally, it indirectly alleviates the health inequality among migrant workers by mediating effect of expanding access to public welfare, such as by establishing health records and strengthening health education. Conclusion The government should permit and encourage migrant workers to engage in self-employment. It is necessary to provide public services such as health education, health records, and health rights for migrant workers, and focus on the employment of migrant workers in city, especially those with low income and low education. we believe that measures should be taken to enhance migrant workers’ sense of belonging in urban China Only on this basis can health inequality among migrant workers be truly reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deshui Zhou
- School of Finance and Public Management, Anhui University of Finance & Economics, 962 CaoShan Road, Bengbu City, 233030, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xin Wen
- School of Public Administration, Dongbei University of Finance & Economics, 217 JianShan Street, Dalian City, 116001, Liaoning Province, China.
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Transnational ties with the home country matters: the moderation effect of the relationship between perceived discrimination and self-reported health among foreign workers in Korea. Ann Occup Environ Med 2022; 34:e18. [PMID: 36093266 PMCID: PMC9436799 DOI: 10.35371/aoem.2022.34.e18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Little attention has been paid to the relationship between perceived discrimination and self-rated health (SRH) among foreign workers in Korea. Transnational ties with the home country are known to be critical among immigrants, as they allow the maintenance of social networks and support. Nonetheless, as far as we know, no studies have examined the impact of transnational ties on SRH itself and the relationship between perceived discrimination and SRH, which the current study tries to examine. Methods Logistic regression analyses were conducted using the 2013 Survey on Living Conditions of Foreign Workers in Korea. Adult foreign workers from different Asian countries (n = 1,370) participated in this study. The dependent variable was good SRH and the independent variable was perceived discrimination. Transnational ties with the home country, as a moderating variable, was categorized into broad (i.e., contacting family members in the home country) vs. narrow types (i.e., visiting the home country). Results Foreign workers who perceived discrimination had a lower rate of good SRH than those who did not perceive discrimination. Broad social transnational ties moderated the relationship between perceived discrimination and SRH; narrow social transnational ties did not. Conclusions In line with previous studies, an association was found between perceived discrimination and SRH. Broad social transnational ties can be a good source of social support and buffer against the distress of perceived discrimination.
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