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Karslı N, Ocak I, Akyıldız M, Gögen H, Dalci O. Evaluation of the effect of different attachment configurations on molar teeth in maxillary expansion with clear aligners - a finite element analysis. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:921. [PMID: 39123145 PMCID: PMC11316360 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04544-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of different attachment configurations with and without buccal root torque on expansion movements achieved with aligners through finite element analysis (FEA). METHODS FEA modelling was done with 0.25 mm buccal expansion force application to the maxillary molars with different attachment configurations: Eight models were tested (1) no attachment (NA), (2) horizontal attachment (HA), (3) gingivally beveled horizontal attachment (GHA), and (4) occlusally beveled horizontal attachment (OHA), as well as models with 6obuccal root torque, (5) no attachment (TNA), (6) horizontal attachment (THA), (7) gingivally beveled horizontal attachment (TGHA), and (8) occlusally beveled horizontal attachment (TOHA). RESULTS The first and second molars exhibited buccal tipping in all models. The highest amount of buccal tipping for the molars was observed in the NA (6CMB, 0.232 mm; 6CMP, 0.246 mm; 7CMB, 0.281 mm; 7CMP, 0.312 mm) and GHA (6CMB, 0.230; 6CMP, 0.245; 7CMB, 0.279 mm; 7CMP, 0.311 mm) models, respectively, while the least tipping was observed in the TOHA model (6CMB, 0.155 mm; 6CMP, 0.168 mm; 7CMB, 0.216 mm; 7CMP, 0.240 mm). In all groups, the buccal tipping of the second molars was higher than that of the first molars. CONCLUSION This FEA study showed that expansion with aligners tip maxillary molars buccally and the use of occlusally beveled attachments and addition of buccal root torque reduces uncontrolled buccal tipping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurver Karslı
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.
| | - Irmak Ocak
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Müge Akyıldız
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Hakan Gögen
- Tell Ortodonti Private Clinic, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Oyku Dalci
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Zhang Y, Wang K, Li M, Liu C, Tang L, Wan C, Fan C, Liu Y. Effects of different intrusion patterns during anterior teeth retraction using clear aligners in extraction cases: an iterative finite element analysis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1388876. [PMID: 38903188 PMCID: PMC11186992 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1388876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Overtreatment design of clear aligner treatment (CAT) in extraction cases is currently primarily based on the clinical experience of orthodontists and is not supported by robust evidence on the underlying biomechanics. This study aimed to investigate the biomechanical effects of overtreatment strategies involving different maxillary anterior teeth intrusion patterns during anterior teeth retraction by CAT in extraction cases. Materials and methods A finite element model of the maxillary dentition with the first premolar extracted was constructed. A loading method of clear aligners (CAs) based on the initial state field was proposed. The iterative method was used to simulate the long-term orthodontic tooth movement under the mechanical load exerted by the CAs. Three groups of CAs were utilized for anterior teeth retraction (G0: control group; G1: incisors intrusion group; G2: anterior teeth intrusion group). Tooth displacement and occlusal plane rotation tendency were analyzed. Results In G0, CAT caused lingual tipping and extrusion of the incisors, distal tipping and extrusion of the canines, mesial tipping, and intrusion of the posterior teeth. In G1, the incisors showed minimal extrusion, whereas the canines showed increased extrusion and distal tipping tendency. G2 showed the smallest degree of posterior occlusal plane angle rotation, while the inclination tendency of the canines and second premolars decreased. Conclusion 1. In CAT, tooth displacement tendency may change with increased wear time. 2. During anterior teeth retraction, the incisor intrusion pattern can provide effective vertical control for the lateral incisors but has little effect on the central incisors. Anterior teeth intrusion patterns can alleviate the inclination of canines and second premolars, resulting in partial relief of the roller-coaster effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyan Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Kaixin Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Mengyu Li
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Cuiyu Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Chunyan Wan
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Department of Endodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Cunhui Fan
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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Castroflorio T, Parrini S, Rossini G. Aligner biomechanics: Where we are now and where we are heading for. J World Fed Orthod 2024; 13:57-64. [PMID: 38228450 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejwf.2023.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Aligner orthodontics has gained significant popularity as an alternative to traditional braces because of its aesthetic appeal and comfort. The biomechanical principles that underlie aligner orthodontics play a crucial role in achieving successful outcomes. The biomechanics of aligner orthodontics revolve around controlled force application, tooth movement, and tissue response. Efficient biomechanics in aligner orthodontics involves consideration of attachment design and optimized force systems. Attachments are tooth-colored shapes bonded to teeth, aiding in torque, rotation, and extrusion movements. Optimized force systems ensure that forces are directed along the desired movement path, reducing unnecessary strain on surrounding tissues. Understanding and manipulating the biomechanics of aligner orthodontics is essential for orthodontists to achieve optimal treatment outcomes. This approach requires careful treatment planning, considering the mechanics required for each patient's specific malocclusion. As aligner orthodontics continues to evolve, advances in material science and treatment planning software contribute to refining biomechanical strategies, enhancing treatment efficiency, and expanding the scope of cases that can be successfully treated with aligners.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simone Parrini
- Research Assistant, Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Gabriele Rossini
- Board Director, Clear Aligner Academy Italia, Turin, Italy; Private Practice, Milan, Italy
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Geramy A, Safari F. Effect of clear aligner type on maxillary full-arch intrusion: 3D analysis using finite element method. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:231. [PMID: 38350943 PMCID: PMC10865575 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-03984-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vertical maxillary excess (VME) is one of the most common reasons for seeking orthodontic treatment. Total intrusion with aligners is a promising alternative to surgery in some cases. Considering the elastic deformation of aligners, this study aimed to evaluate the possible desirable and undesirable teeth displacements during full maxillary arch intrusion using clear aligners and temporary anchorage devices (TADs). METHODS The maxillary arch and clear aligners were modeled in SolidWorks. Four aligner brands including Leon, Duran, Duran Plus, and Essix Plus were selected based on their material properties. Anterior and posterior intrusion forces of 80 and 300 g were applied from attachments between the canines and first premolars and between the first and second molars, respectively. Vertical and anteroposterior tooth displacements were determined. RESULTS The greatest intrusion was recorded at the buccal of the second molar, followed by the first molar. The lowest value was measured at the palatal of the molars with all aligners except Duran, which indicated minimal intrusion in the central incisor. All teeth were mesially displaced at the incisal/occlusal except incisors that moved distally. All apices showed distal movement. CONCLUSIONS Total intrusion using clear aligners may be accompanied by other tooth movements, including buccal tipping and mesial-in rotation of the molars, retrusion of incisors, and mesial movement of other teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allahyar Geramy
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Safari
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Zhang Y, Hui S, Gui L, Jin F. Effects of upper arch expansion using clear aligners on different stride and torque: a three-dimensional finite element analysis. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:891. [PMID: 37986060 PMCID: PMC10662809 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03655-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During maxillary arch expansion with a clear aligner (CA), buccal tipping of the posterior teeth often occurs, resulting in an unsatisfactory arch expansion effect. The aim of this study was to analyze the appropriate maxillary arch expansion stride length and torque compensation angle for maxillary dentition to achieve an ideal moving state when a CA was used for upper arch expansion. METHODS This study established a three-dimensional (3D) finite element model including a CA, maxilla, periodontal ligament (PDL), and maxillary dentition. The stress distribution, stress situation, expansion efficiency, and movement trends of the maxillary dentition during upper arch expansion of different stride (0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, and 0.3 mm) and torque compensation (0°, 0.5°, 1°, and 1.5°) were measured. RESULTS Maxillary arch expansion lead to buccal tilt of the posterior teeth, lingual tilt of the anterior teeth, and extrusion of the incisors. As the angle of compensation increased, the degree of buccal tilt on the posterior teeth decreased, with this reducing the efficiency of upper arch expansion. When the stride length was 0.1 mm, the torque compensation was 1.2°, and when stride length was 0.2 mm and the torque compensation was approximately 2°, there was a tendency for the posterior teeth to move bodily. However, when the stride length was 0.3 mm, the increase in torque compensation could not significantly improve the buccal tilt phenomenon. In addition, the equivalent von-Mises stress values of the maxillary root, PDL, and alveolar bone were in the same order of magnitude. CONCLUSIONS This study indicated that the posterior teeth cause a degree of buccal tilt when maxillary arch expansion is ensured. The specific torque compensation angle should be determined based on the patient's situation and the desired effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Shuoyi Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Linyuan Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Fang Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China.
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Wang S, Huang Y, Fan D, Liu H, Yuan C, Yang L, Wang P. Effects of overtreatment with different attachment positions on maxillary anchorage enhancement with clear aligners: a finite element analysis study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:693. [PMID: 37749548 PMCID: PMC10521390 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03340-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of attachment positions on anchorage has not been fully explored. The aim of the present study is to analyze the effect of overtreatment with different anchorage positions on maxillary anchorage enhancement with clear aligners in extraction cases. METHODS Models of the maxilla and maxillary dentition were constructed and imported into SOLIDWORKS software to create periodontal ligament (PDL), clear aligners, and attachments. Attachment positions on second premolars included: without attachment (WOA), buccal attachment (BA), and bucco-palatal attachment (BPA). Overtreatment degrees were divided into five groups (0°, 1°, 2°, 3°, 4°) and added on the second premolars. The calculation and analysis of the displacement trends and stress were performed using ANSYS software. RESULTS Distal tipping and extrusion of the canines, and mesial tipping and intrusion of the posterior teeth occurred during retraction. A strong anchorage was achieved in cases of overtreatment of 2.8° with BA and 2.4° with BPA. Moreover, the BPA showed the best in achieving bodily control of the second premolars. When the overtreatment was performed, the canines and first molars also showed reduced tipping trends with second premolars attachments. And the stress on the PDL and the alveolar bone was significantly relieved and more evenly distributed in the BPA group. CONCLUSIONS Overtreatment is an effective means for anchorage enhancement. However, the biomechanical effect of overtreatment differs across attachment positions. The BPA design performs at its best for stronger overtreatment effects with fewer adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Wang
- School of stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, 221000, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yangyang Huang
- School of stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, 221000, Xuzhou, China
| | - Dian Fan
- School of stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, 221000, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 221000, Xuzhou, China
| | - Changyong Yuan
- School of stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, 221000, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Implantology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 221000, Xuzhou, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 221000, Xuzhou, China
| | - Penglai Wang
- School of stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, 221000, Xuzhou, China.
- Department of Implantology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 221000, Xuzhou, China.
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AlMogbel A. Clear Aligner Therapy: Up to date review article. J Orthod Sci 2023; 12:37. [PMID: 37881665 PMCID: PMC10597356 DOI: 10.4103/jos.jos_30_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The advantages of Clear Aligners Therapy (CAT) include the braces being virtually invisible, comfortable to wear, and removable for eating and brushing; that way, CAT can be used to treat a wide range of orthodontic issues. In 1999, the company Align Technology introduced the frst commercial clear aligner system called Invisalign. The Invisalign system was initially only available to orthodontists, but later became available to general dentists as well. The system quickly gained popularity among patients who were looking for a more discreet and comfortable alternative to traditional braces. In 2000, Align Technology received FDA clearance for the Invisalign system, which further increased its popularity. The biomechanics of clear aligners involve the use of custom-made tooth aligners that are specifcally shaped to guide teeth into desired positions. These aligners are typically made from flexible materials such as polyurethane or ethylene vinyl acetate and are adjusted to apply the necessary forces for tooth movement. Attachment devices, such as power ridges or buttons, are often used to enhance or assist in specifc tooth movements and for retention of the aligner. The use of attachments allows for the exertion of desired force on the teeth, which is crucial for the success of Clear Aligner Therapy. CAT should be used if patients are concerned about the esthetic appearances of their teeth-for example, actors and other individuals that rely on their appearances in public in a professional context-and if the misalignment is not severe, so that clear aligners can still work. One should not use CAT in cases of severe crowding or spacing issues that require extractions. If the patient has complex jaw discrepancies or skeletal issues or if teeth need to be moved extensively in multiple directions, CAT is likely not going to be strong enough. In conclusion, Clear Aligner Therapy is a safe, effective, and convenient orthodontic treatment option that offers patients a virtually invisible way to achieve a straighter, more beautiful smile. With continued advancements in technology and a growing body of research supporting its effectiveness, the future of Clear Aligner Therapy looks bright.
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Affiliation(s)
- AbdulMajeed AlMogbel
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia
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Wang Y, Chen J, Qin S, Han X, Liao L, Sima X, Guo W. An in vivo evaluation of clear aligners for optimal orthodontic force and movement to determine high-efficacy and periodontal-friendly aligner staging. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15317. [PMID: 37113787 PMCID: PMC10126945 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the effect of aligner displacement on tooth movement and periodontal health to improve the efficiency of aligner treatment and explore the mechanism in vivo. Methods A two-tooth site was established by a finite element (FE) model to virtually evaluate aligner staging. A randomized controlled experiment was conducted when the tooth sites in beagles were treated with fixed or aligner appliances with different movement and force, and tooth movement and internal structure were recorded during the alignment. After sacrificing five dogs, bone-periodontal ligament (PDL)-tooth specimens were removed and processed to conduct uniaxial compression and tensile tests as well as micro-CT imaging and histological analysis. Results Three displacements of 0.25, 0.35 and 0.45 mm were obtained from FE analysis and applied in beagles. In general, aligners had poorer performance on movement compared to fixed systems in vivo, but the aligner with a staging of 0.35 mm had the highest accuracy (67.46%) (P < 0.01). Loaded with severe force, fixed sites exhibited tissue damage due to excess force and rapid movement, while aligners showed better safety. The PDL under a 0.35-mm aligner treatment had the highest elastic modulus in the biomechanical test (551.4275 and 1298.305 kPa) (P < 0.05). Conclusions Compared to fixed appliances, aligners achieve slightly slower movement but better periodontal condition. Aligners with an interval of 0.35 mm have the highest accuracy and best PDL biomechanical and biological capacities, achieving the most effective and safest movement. Even with complexity of oral cavity and lack of evaluation of other factors, these results provide insight into faster displacement as a method to improve the efficacy of aligners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School/Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School/Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Siwen Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School/Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xue Han
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School/Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lijun Liao
- Sichuan Hospital of Stomatology, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiutian Sima
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China School of Medicine/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Corresponding author. Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37# Wainan Guoxue Road, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Weihua Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School/Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Corresponding author. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, 3rd Sec., Ren Min Nan Road, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Jedliński M, Mazur M, Greco M, Belfus J, Grocholewicz K, Janiszewska-Olszowska J. Attachments for the Orthodontic Aligner Treatment-State of the Art-A Comprehensive Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4481. [PMID: 36901488 PMCID: PMC10001497 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years the burden of aligner treatment has been growing. However, the sole use of aligners is characterized by limitations; thus attachments are bonded to the teeth to improve aligner retention and tooth movement. Nevertheless, it is often still a challenge to clinically achieve the planned movement. Thus, the aim of this study is to discuss the evidence of the shape, placement and bonding of composite attachments. METHODS A query was carried out in six databases on 10 December 2022 using the search string ("orthodontics" OR "malocclusion" OR "Tooth movement techniques AND ("aligner*" OR "thermoformed splints" OR "invisible splint*" AND ("attachment*" OR "accessor*" OR "auxill*" AND "position*"). RESULTS There were 209 potential articles identified. Finally, twenty-six articles were included. Four referred to attachment bonding, and twenty-two comprised the influence of composite attachment on movement efficacy. Quality assessment tools were used according to the study type. CONCLUSIONS The use of attachments significantly improves the expression of orthodontic movement and aligner retention. It is possible to indicate sites on the teeth where attachments have a better effect on tooth movement and to assess which attachments facilitate movement. The research received no external funding. The PROSPERO database number is CRD42022383276.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Jedliński
- Department of Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
- Department of Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Mazur
- Department of Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
- Department of Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Greco
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Joyce Belfus
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago 7620001, Chile
| | - Katarzyna Grocholewicz
- Department of Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
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