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Chen X, Cheng Z, Xu J, Wang Q, Zhao Z, Jiang Q. No genetic association between sleep traits and periodontitis: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Cranio 2024:1-10. [PMID: 39075864 DOI: 10.1080/08869634.2024.2384681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the potential genetic link between sleep traits and periodontitis. METHODS A two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted using publicly available genome-wide association studies data on chronotype, daytime sleepiness, daytime napping frequency, insomnia, sleep duration, snoring, and the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), along with a separate dataset on periodontitis. RESULTS Chronotype (OR = 0.929, 95% CI = 0.788-1.095), daytime sleepiness (OR = 0.492, 95% CI = 0.186-1.306), daytime napping frequency (OR = 1.178, 95% CI = 0.745-1.863), sleep duration (OR = 0.868, 95% CI = 0.644-1.169), AHI (OR = 1.124, 95% CI = 0.980-1.289), insomnia (OR = 0.832, 95% CI = 0.440-1.573), and snoring (OR = 0.641, 95% CI = 0.198-2.075) had no effect on periodontitis. Similarly, periodontitis demonstrated no significant effect on sleep traits. CONCLUSIONS There is no evidence of a bidirectional genetic relationship between sleep traits and the risk of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Jiangyin People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zheng Cheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Jiangyin People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junyu Xu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Jiangyin People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qianyi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangyin People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhibai Zhao
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qianglin Jiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Jiangyin People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Jiangsu, China
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Wu S, Chen Z, Zhao Y, He Q, Yin Z, Yao H, Liu H, Yan L. Genetically predicted major depression causally increases the risk of temporomandibular joint disorders. Front Genet 2024; 15:1395219. [PMID: 38836036 PMCID: PMC11148344 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1395219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Observational studies have reported that mental disorders are comorbid with temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD). However, the causal relationship remains uncertain. To clarify the causal relationship between three common mental illnesses and TMD, we conduct this Mendelian Randomization (MR) study. Methods The large-scale genome-wide association studies data of major depression, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia were retrieved from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium. The summary data of TMD was obtained from the Finn-Gen consortium, including 211,023 subjects of European descent (5,668 cases and 205,355 controls). The main approach utilized was inverse variance weighting (IVW) to evaluate the causal association between the three mental disorders and TMD. Five sensitivity analyses including MR-Egger, Maximum Likelihood, Weighted median, MR. RAPS and MR-PRESSO were used as supplements. We conducted heterogeneity tests and pleiotropic tests to ensure the robustness. Results As shown by the IVW method, genetically determined major depression was associated with a 1.65-fold risk of TMD (95% CI = 1.10-2.47, p < 0.05). The direction and effect size remained consistent with sensitivity analyses. The odds ratios (ORs) were 1.51 (95% CI = 0.24-9.41, p > 0.05) for MR-Egger, 1.60 (95% CI = 0.98-2.61, p > 0.05) for Weighted median, 1.68 (95% CI = 1.19-2.38, p < 0.05) for Maximum likelihood, 1.56 (95% CI = 1.05-2.33, p < 0.05) for MR. RAPS, and 1.65 (95% CI = 1.10-2.47, p < 0.05) for MR-PRESSO, respectively. No pleiotropy was observed (both P for MR-Egger intercept and Global test >0.05). In addition, the IVW method identified no significant correlation between bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and TMD. Conclusion Genetic evidence supports a causal relationship between major depression and TMD, instead of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. These findings emphasize the importance of assessing a patient's depressive status in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqian Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yawen Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qiang He
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhongxiu Yin
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hailiang Yao
- Department of Stomatology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huili Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lihui Yan
- Department of Stomatology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Chen X, Xu J, Cheng Z, Wang Q, Zhao Z, Jiang Q. Causal relationship between hypothyroidism and temporomandibular disorders: evidence from complementary genetic methods. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:247. [PMID: 38368359 PMCID: PMC10873979 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-03999-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of thyroid health in temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) has been emphasized in observational studies. However, whether the causation exists is unclear, and controversy remains about which specific disorder, such as hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, is destructive in TMDs. This study aims to investigate the overall and specific causal effects of various thyroid conditions on TMDs. METHODS Mendelian randomization (MR) studies were performed using genetic instruments for thyrotropin (TSH, N = 119,715), free thyroxine (fT4, N = 49,269), hypothyroidism (N = 410,141), hyperthyroidism (N = 460,499), and TMDs (N = 211,023). We assessed the overall effect of each thyroid factor via inverse-variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, and MR-Egger methods, and performed extensive sensitivity analyses. Additionally, multivariable MR was conducted to evaluate the direct or indirect effects of hypothyroidism on TMDs whilst accounting for TSH, fT4 and hyperthyroidism, and vice versa. RESULTS Univariable MR analyses revealed a causal effect of hypothyroidism on an increased risk of TMDs (IVW OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.05-1.20, p = 0.001). No significant association between genetically predicted hyperthyroidism, TSH, or fT4 and TMDs. In the multivariable MR analyses, the effects of hypothyroidism on TMDs occurrence remained significant even after adjSusting for TSH, fT4 and hyperthyroidism (multivariable IVW OR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.03-1.17, p = 0.006). No pleiotropy and heterogeneity were detected in the analyses (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Hypothyroidism might causally increase the risk of TMDs through a direct pathway, highlighting the critical role of managing thyroid health in the prevention of TMDs. Clinicians should give heightened attention to patients with hypothyroidism when seeking medical advice for temporomandibular discomfort. However, caution is warranted due to the potential confounders, pleiotropy, and selection bias in the MR study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Jiangyin People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, No.163, Shoushan Road, Jiangyin, Jiangsu Province, 214400, China
| | - Junyu Xu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Jiangyin People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, No.163, Shoushan Road, Jiangyin, Jiangsu Province, 214400, China
| | - Zheng Cheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Jiangyin People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, No.163, Shoushan Road, Jiangyin, Jiangsu Province, 214400, China
| | - Qianyi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangyin People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, No.163, Shoushan Road, Jiangyin, Jiangsu Province, 214400, China.
| | - Zhibai Zhao
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qianglin Jiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Jiangyin People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, No.163, Shoushan Road, Jiangyin, Jiangsu Province, 214400, China.
- Department of Periodontics, Jiangyin People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, No.163, Shoushan Road, Jiangyin, Jiangsu Province, 214400, China.
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Chen X, Cheng Z, Xu J, Wang Q, Zhao Z, Jiang Q. Causal effects of life course adiposity on temporomandibular disorders: A Mendelian randomization study. J Oral Rehabil 2024; 51:278-286. [PMID: 37830131 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies investigated the associations between obesity and temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), but the evidence for the causal inferences was unclear. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the causal link between life course adiposity and TMDs. METHODS Mendelian randomization (MR) studies were performed using genetic instruments for birth weight (BW) (N = 261 932), childhood body mass index (BMI) (N = 39 620), childhood body size (N = 454 718), adult BMI (N = 99 998), body fat percentage (N = 454 633) and TMDs (N = 211 023). We assessed the overall effect of each life course adiposity factor via inverse-variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, and MR-Egger methods and performed extensive sensitivity analyses. Additionally, multivariable MR was conducted to evaluate the direct and indirect effects of childhood BMI on TMDs while accounting for BW and adult BMI, and vice versa. RESULTS Univariable MR analyses revealed a causal effect of low childhood adiposity on an increased risk of TMDs (childhood BMI: IVW OR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.54-0.78, p < .001; childhood body size: IVW OR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.43-0.73, p < .001). No causal association existed between genetically predicted BW, adult BMI, or body fat percentage and TMDs. In the multivariable MR analyses, the effects of childhood BMI on TMDs occurrence remained significant and direct, even after adjusting for BW and adult BMI (multivariable IVW OR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.61-0.99, p = .048). No pleiotropy and heterogeneity were detected (p > .05). CONCLUSION Low childhood BMI might causally increase the risk of TMDs through a direct pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Jiangyin People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Jiangyin, China
| | - Zheng Cheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Jiangyin People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Jiangyin, China
| | - Junyu Xu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Jiangyin People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Jiangyin, China
| | - Qianyi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangyin People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Jiangyin, China
| | - Zhibai Zhao
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qianglin Jiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Jiangyin People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Jiangyin, China
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