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Tasman J, Clegg DJ, Carver C, Adabala S, Buckley MR, Goldman MH, Roberson PNE. Assessing the influence of rural residence and economic distress on lower extremity risk stratification among diabetic foot ulcer patients utilizing the Wound, Ischemia, and Foot Infection (WIfI) classification system. J Diabetes Complications 2024; 38:108814. [PMID: 39018896 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2024.108814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are a major sequela of uncontrolled diabetes with a high risk of adverse outcomes. Poor DFU outcomes disproportionately impact patients living in rural and economically distressed communities with lack of access to consistent, quality care. This study aimed to analyze the risk of geographic and economic disparities, including rural status and county economic distress, on the disease burden of DFU at presentation utilizing the SVS WIfI classification system. METHODS We conducted a retrospective review of 454 patients diagnosed with a DFU from 2011 to 2020 at a single institution's inpatient and outpatient wound care service. Patients >18 years old, with type II diabetes mellitus, and diabetic foot ulcer were included. RESULTS ANCOVA analyses showed rural patients had significantly higher WIfI composite scores (F(1,451) = 9.61, p = .002), grades of wound (F(1,439) = 11.03, p = .001), and ischemia (F(1,380) = 12.574, p = .001) compared to the urban patients. Patients that resided in at-risk economic counties had significantly higher overall WIfI composite scores (F(2,448) = 3.31, p = .037) than patients who lived in transitional economic counties, and higher foot infection grading (F(2,440) = 3.02, p = .05) compared to patients who lived in distressed economic counties. DFU patients who resided in distressed economic counties presented with higher individual grades of ischemia (F(2, 377) = 3.14, p = .04) than patients in transitional economic counties. Chi-Square analyses demonstrated patients who resided in urban counties were significantly more likely to present with grade 1 wounds (χ2(3) = 9.86, p = .02) and grade 0 ischemia (χ2(3) = 16.18, p = .001) compared to patients in rural areas. Economically distressed patients presented with significantly less grade 0 ischemia compared to patients in transitional economic counties (χ2(6) = 17.48, p = .008). CONCLUSIONS Our findings are the first to demonstrate the impact of geographic and economic disparities on the disease burden of DFU at presentation utilizing the SVS WIfI classification system. This may indicate need for improved multidisciplinary primary care prevention strategies with vascular specialists in these communities to mitigate worsening DFU and promote early intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Tasman
- The University of Tennessee, College of Nursing, United States of America; Mercer University School of Medicine, United States of America.
| | - Devin J Clegg
- The University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, United States of America
| | - Colten Carver
- The University of Tennessee, College of Nursing, United States of America
| | - Saahit Adabala
- The University of Miami School of Medicine, United States of America
| | - Michael R Buckley
- The University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, United States of America
| | - Mitchell H Goldman
- The University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, United States of America
| | - Patricia N E Roberson
- The University of Tennessee, College of Nursing, United States of America; The University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, United States of America
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Goldfinger E, Stoler J, Goel N. A Multiscale Spatiotemporal Epidemiological Analysis of Neighborhood Correlates of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024; 33:279-287. [PMID: 37971370 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-22-1255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women living in disadvantaged neighborhoods present with increased prevalence rates of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). This study takes a spatiotemporal epidemiological approach to understand the impact of socioenvironmental contextual factors on TNBC prevalence rates. METHODS We analyzed 935 TNBC cases from a major cancer center registry, between 2005 and 2017, to explore spatial and space-time clusters of TNBC prevalence rates at the census tract and neighborhood scales. Spatial regression analysis was performed to examine relationships between nine socioenvironmental factors and TNBC prevalence rates at both ecological scales. RESULTS We observed spatial clustering of high TNBC prevalence rates along a north-south corridor of Miami-Dade County along Interstate 95, a region containing several majority non-Hispanic Black neighborhoods. Among the ecologic measures, the percent of a region designated as a brownfield was associated with TNBC prevalence rates at the tract-level (β = 4.27; SE = 1.08; P < 0.001) and neighborhood-level (β = 8.61; SE = 2.20; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our spatiotemporal analysis identified robust patterns of hot spots of TNBC prevalence rates in a corridor of several disadvantaged neighborhoods in the northern half of the county. These patterns of TNBC align with the literature regarding at-risk groups and neighborhood-level effects on TNBC; however, remain to be validated in a population-based sample. IMPACT Spatial epidemiological approaches can help public health officials and cancer care providers improve place-specific screening, patient care, and understanding of socioenvironmental factors that may shape breast cancer subtype through gene-environment and epigenetic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Goldfinger
- Department of Geography and Sustainable Development, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida
- Abess Center for Ecosystem Science and Policy, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida
| | - Justin Stoler
- Department of Geography and Sustainable Development, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida
- Abess Center for Ecosystem Science and Policy, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Neha Goel
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Coral Gables, Florida
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Coral Gables, Florida
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
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Ng B, Puspitaningtyas H, Wiranata JA, Hutajulu SH, Widodo I, Anggorowati N, Sanjaya GY, Lazuardi L, Sripan P. Breast cancer incidence in Yogyakarta, Indonesia from 2008-2019: A cross-sectional study using trend analysis and geographical information system. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288073. [PMID: 37406000 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is a significant public health concern worldwide, including in Indonesia. Little is known about the spatial and temporal patterns of breast cancer incidence in Indonesia. This study aimed to analyze temporal and spatial variations of breast cancer incidence in Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia. METHODS The study used breast cancer case data from the Yogyakarta Population-Based Cancer Registry (PBCR) from 2008 to 2019. The catchment areas of the PBCR included the 48 subdistricts of 3 districts (Sleman, Yogyakarta City, and Bantul). Age-standardized incidence rates (ASR) were calculated for each subdistrict. Joinpoint regression was used to detect any significant changes in trends over time. Global Moran's and Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA) analyses were performed to identify any spatial clusters or outliers. RESULTS The subdistricts had a median ASR of 41.9, with a range of 15.3-70.4. The majority of cases were diagnosed at a late stage, with Yogyakarta City having the highest proportion of diagnoses at stage 4. The study observed a significant increasing trend in breast cancer incidence over the study period the fastest of which is in Yogyakarta City with an average annual percentage change of 18.77%, with Sleman having an 18.21% and Bantul having 8.94% average changes each year (p <0.05). We also found a significant positive spatial autocorrelation of breast cancer incidence rates in the province (I = 0.581, p <0.001). LISA analysis identified 11 subdistricts which were high-high clusters in the central area of Yogyakarta City and six low-low clusters in the southeast region of the catchment area in the Bantul and Sleman Districts. No spatial outliers were identified. CONCLUSIONS We found significant spatial clustering of BC ASR in the Yogyakarta Province, and there was a trend of increasing ASR across the region. These findings can inform resource allocation for public health efforts to high-risk areas and develop targeted prevention and early detection strategies. Further res is needed to understand the factors driving the observed temporal and spatial patterns of breast cancer incidence in Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryant Ng
- Faculty of Medicine, Medicine Study Program, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Herindita Puspitaningtyas
- Faculty of Medicine, Doctorate Program of Health and Medical Science, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Juan Adrian Wiranata
- Academic Hospital, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
- Faculty of Medicine, Master Program in Clinical Epidemiology, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Susanna Hilda Hutajulu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Irianiwati Widodo
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomical Pathology, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Nungki Anggorowati
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomical Pathology, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Guardian Yoki Sanjaya
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Health Policy and Management, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Lutfan Lazuardi
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Health Policy and Management, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Patumrat Sripan
- Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Tasman J, McAdams CD, Lloyd J, Brooks AJ, Roberson PNE. Differences in Distress Between Rural and Non-rural Appalachian Breast Cancer Patient/Caregiver Dyads During the First Year of Treatment. JOURNAL OF APPALACHIAN HEALTH 2023; 4:56-70. [PMID: 38026046 PMCID: PMC10655733 DOI: 10.13023/jah.0403.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Breast cancer patients and their caregivers living in rural Appalachia face substantial health disparities compared to their non-rural Appalachian counterparts. However, there is limited research on how these specific health disparities in rural Appalachian communities may impact patient psychological distress and caregiver strain during the first year of breast cancer treatment. Purpose The purpose of the current study was to assess differences in patient psychological distress (depression and anxiety) and caregiver strain between rural non-rural Appalachian breast-cancer-affected dyads (patients and their caregivers) during the first year of treatment. Methods A total of 48 Appalachian breast cancer patients (with a Stage I through Stage III diagnosis) and their identified caregiver (together, 'dyads') were identified from The University of Tennessee Medical Center across 2019 to 2020. Dyads completed follow-up surveys throughout the first year of treatment. In this prospective pilot study, measures on anxiety, depression and caregiver strain were self-reported and then analyzed using RM-ANOVA. Results There was a statistically significant higher number of reports of patient depression and caregiver strain in rural-residing dyads compared to non-rural-residing dyads. However, there was not a statistically significant difference between rural and non-rural Appalachian dyads for patient-reported anxiety during the first year of treatment. Implications The higher reported patient depression and caregiver strain among rural-residing Appalachian patients may indicate the need for implementing remote (e.g., telehealth) Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) to address the psychological needs of rural-residing dyads. Additionally, greater education from physicians to rural dyads on what to expect during treatment could alleviate caregiver strain.
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Mamudu L, Salmeron B, Odame EA, Atandoh PH, Reyes JL, Whiteside M, Yang J, Mamudu HM, Williams F. Disparities in localized malignant lung cancer surgical treatment: A
population‐based
cancer registry analysis. Cancer Med 2022; 12:7427-7437. [PMID: 36397278 PMCID: PMC10067046 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer (LC) continues to be the leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States. Surgical treatment has proven to offer a favorable prognosis and a better 5-year relative survival for patients with early or localized tumors. This novel study investigates the factors associated with the odds of receiving surgical treatment for localized malignant LC in Tennessee. METHODS Population-based data of 9679 localized malignant LC patients from the Tennessee Cancer Registry (2005-2015) were utilized to examine the factors associated with receiving surgical treatment for localized malignant LC. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, cross-tabulation, and Chi-Square ( χ 2 ) tests were conducted to assess these factors. RESULTS Patients with localized malignant LC who initiated treatment after 2.7 weeks were 46% less likely to receive surgery (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.54; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.50-0.59; p < 0.0001). Females had a greater likelihood (AOR = 1.14; CI = 1.03-1.24) of receiving surgical treatment compared to men. Blacks had lower odds (AOR = 0.76; CI = 0.65-0.98) of receiving surgical treatment compared to Whites. All marital groups had higher odds of receiving surgical treatment compared to those who were single/never married. Patients living in Appalachian county had lower odds of receiving surgical treatment (AOR = 0.65; CI = 0.59-0.71) compared with those in the non-Appalachian county. Patients with private (AOR = 2.09; CI = 1.55-2.820) or public (AOR = 1.42; CI = 1.06-1.91) insurance coverage were more likely to receive surgical treatment compared to self-pay/uninsured patients. Overall, the likelihood of patients receiving surgical treatment for localized malignant LC decreases with age. CONCLUSION Disparities exist in the receipt of surgical treatment among patients with localized malignant LC in Tennessee. Health policies should target reducing these disparities to improve the survival of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lohuwa Mamudu
- Department of Public Health California State University, Fullerton Fullerton California USA
| | - Bonita Salmeron
- Division of Intramural Research National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health Rockville Maryland USA
- Department of Epidemiology Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University New York New York USA
| | - Emmanuel A. Odame
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham Alabama USA
| | - Paul H. Atandoh
- Department of Statistics Western Michigan University Kalamazoo Michigan USA
| | - Joanne L. Reyes
- Department of Public Health California State University, Fullerton Fullerton California USA
| | | | - Joshua Yang
- Department of Public Health California State University, Fullerton Fullerton California USA
| | - Hadii M. Mamudu
- Department of Health Services Management and Policy College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University Johnson City Tennessee USA
- Center for Cardiovascular Risk Research, College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University Johnson City Tennessee USA
| | - Faustine Williams
- Division of Intramural Research National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health Rockville Maryland USA
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Williams F, Mamudu L, Talham CJ, Montiel Ishino FA, Whiteside M. Sociodemographic Factors and Health Insurance Coverage Are Associated with Invasive Breast Cancer in Tennessee: Appalachian and Non-Appalachian County Comparison. WOMEN'S HEALTH REPORTS 2022; 3:543-551. [PMID: 35651993 PMCID: PMC9148657 DOI: 10.1089/whr.2021.0136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Tennessean women experience the 12th highest breast cancer (BC) mortality in the United States. Yet, few studies have examined BC outcomes among Tennessean women in and outside of Appalachia. We examined whether sociodemographic factors and health insurance status were associated with invasive BC in Tennessee by Appalachian and non-Appalachian county designation. Materials and Methods: Using the Tennessee Cancer Registry, we identified 52,187 women, aged ≥18, diagnosed with BC between 2005 and 2015. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to examine associations between invasive BC and sociodemographic characteristics, health insurance coverage, and county designation (Appalachian/non-Appalachian). Regression analyses stratified by county designation were subsequently performed. Results: In Tennessee, younger women had lower odds of invasive BC diagnosis (<45: odds ratio [OR] = 0.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.67–0.81; 55–64: OR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.84–0.97) compared to women ≥65. Married Tennessean women had 12% (95% CI = 1.04–1.21) higher odds of invasive BC than single women. Further, both public (OR = 1.81, 95% CI = 1.41–2.33) and private (OR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.06–1.76) health insurance were found to increase odds of invasive BC compared to no insurance/self-pay. Results from the subpopulation analyses were largely consistent with overall findings. In Appalachian counties, women on public health insurance had increased odds (OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.00–2.03) of invasive BC compared to uninsured/self-pay women, while in non-Appalachian counties, women insured both publicly (OR = 2.25, 95% CI = 1.57–3.24) and privately (OR = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.16–2.24) had increased odds of invasive BC. Conclusions: The results identify risk factors for Tennessean women in Appalachian and non-Appalachian counties whose malignancies evaded early detection, increasing risk of mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faustine Williams
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Lohuwa Mamudu
- Department of Public Health, California State University, Fullerton, California, USA
| | - Charlotte J. Talham
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Francisco A. Montiel Ishino
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Martin Whiteside
- Tennessee Cancer Registry, Tennessee Department of Health, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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Li Y, Ma L. Nomograms predict survival of patients with lymph node-positive, luminal a breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:965. [PMID: 34454451 PMCID: PMC8401066 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08642-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To develop nomograms for the prediction of the 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival (OS) and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) for patients with lymph node positive, luminal A breast cancer. Methods Thirty-nine thousand fifty-one patients from The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were included in our study and were set into a training group (n = 19,526) and a validation group (n = 19,525). Univariate analysis and Cox proportional hazards analysis were used to select variables and set up nomogram models on the basis of the training group. Kaplan-Meier curves and the log-rank test were adopted in the survival analysis and curves plotting. C-index, calibration plots and ROC curves were used to performed internal and external validation on the training group and validation group. Results Following independent factors were included in our nomograms: Age, marital status, grade, ethnic group, T stage, positive lymph nodes numbers, Metastasis, surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy. In both the training group and testing group, the calibration plots show that the actual and nomogram-predicted survival probabilities are consistent greatly. The C-index values of the nomograms in the training and validation cohorts were 0.782 and 0.806 for OS and 0.783 and 0.804 for BCSS, respectively. The ROC curves show that our nomograms have good discrimination. Conclusions The nomograms may assist clinicians predict the 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS and BCSS of patients with lymph node positive, luminal A breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilun Li
- The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 169 Tianshan Street, Yuhua District, Shi Jiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Li Ma
- The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 169 Tianshan Street, Yuhua District, Shi Jiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China.
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