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Dadipoor S, Alavi A, Eshaghi Sani Kakhaki H, Shahabi N, Kader Z. A qualitative exploration of experts' views about multi-dimensional aspects of hookah smoking control in Iran. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1665. [PMID: 38909209 PMCID: PMC11193193 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19139-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The related literature has primarily addressed cigarette smoking control. It seems that researchers have failed to explore the determinants of hookah smoking (HS) control. In an attempt to fill this gap, the present study explores experts' views about aspects of HS control in Bandar Abbas, a city in the south of Iran. METHODS The present qualitative study, conducted in 2022 and 2023, used a content analysis. To this aim, 30 experts in tobacco prevention and control were invited to participate in the research. Twenty seven accepted the invitation. In-depth, semi-structured, and face-to-face interviews were held with the experts. A purposive sampling was used and the data collection continued until data saturation. The interviews lasted between 18 and 65 min. MAXQDA 10.0 was used for data management and analysis. RESULTS The expert interviewees had a mean age of 44.77 ± 6.57 years and a mean work experience of 18.6 ± 6.8 years. A total number of six main categories were extracted from the data, including usin influential figures to control HS, controlling HS by alternative activities, changing beliefs and attitudes toward HS, taking administrative and regulatory measures, and facilitating HS cessation. CONCLUSION This qualitative study explored the multifaceted ways people adopt to quit HS. Using influential figures to control hookah smoking, promoting alternative activities as a means of control, changing beliefs and attitudes, enforcing administrative regulations, and facilitating quit attempts all play an important role in tackling the prevalence of hookah smoking. These findings emphasize the importance of a comprehensive and multifaceted approach to integrate various interventions to effectively address hookah smoking behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Dadipoor
- Tobacco and Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Azin Alavi
- Mother and Child Welfare Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Hadi Eshaghi Sani Kakhaki
- Tobacco and Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
| | - Nahid Shahabi
- Tobacco and Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
| | - Zainab Kader
- The Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies of Children, Families and Society, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
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Liaw YC, Chen SP, Wang SJ. The Prevalence and Clinical Phenotypes of Cluster Headache in Relation with Latitude. Curr Pain Headache Rep 2024; 28:427-438. [PMID: 38441794 PMCID: PMC11126473 DOI: 10.1007/s11916-024-01229-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Previous studies have indicated a possible link between the prevalence of cluster headache (CH) and sunlight exposure. However, this theory has yet to be tested systemically. In this article, we aim to examine how latitude affects the prevalence and phenotypes of CH. RECENT FINDINGS To our knowledge, there is by far no article describing the effect of latitude on disease phenotype; thus, we performed a literature review. We noted positive effects of latitude on 1-year prevalence, the proportion of chronic CH, and the proportion of miosis and/or ptosis. Latitude may affect the phenotypic presentations of cluster headache, probably partially mediated via temperature and sunlight variations. Still, other factors, such as environmental exposure to smoking and the genetic difference between the Eastern and Western populations, may participate in the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of CH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chia Liaw
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Pin Chen
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Translational Research, Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shuu-Jiun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Shiratani K, Shimasawa J, Mizutani M. Experiences with smoking habits and the need for cessation among habitual smokers in Japan: a qualitative study based on semi-structured interviews. BMC PRIMARY CARE 2024; 25:1. [PMID: 38163889 PMCID: PMC10759495 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-023-02254-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although more than half of the habitual smokers recognize that they want to quit smoking cigarettes, approximately half have failed to quit and experienced distress relapse; therefore, there is an urgent need to focus on these populations. When chronic behavior occurs, it is necessary to view the behavior in the context of the entire life of the person involved, considering the history of the person. In this study, we aimed to describe experiences with smoking from the onset to the present and the need for smoking cessation among habitual smokers in Japan and to explore efforts to address them. METHODS Semi-structured interviews that lasted for 55-90 min were conducted with the cooperation of 16 habitual smokers who smoked cigarettes daily. The content of the interviews included demographic characteristics, experiences with smoking from the onset to the present, whether they have attempted to quit and related experiences, and their thoughts on smoking. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed qualitatively. The Medical Research Ethics Review Committee of Jikei University approved this study (approval number: 33-384(11008)). RESULTS The participants were aged 26-59 years (mean ± SD: 40.8 ± 8.9 years) and included 10 men and 6 women. The participants started smoking between age 13 and 24 years. The highest number of cigarettes smoked in the participants' lives ranged from 10 to 80 daily, and 12 participants had attempted to quit smoking so far without success. Regarding experiences with smoking from the onset to the present, four themes of "expand one's world," "unconscious attachment," "attempts and failures," and "losing oneself" were extracted. Regarding the need for smoking cessation, four themes of "empowerment from experts," "peer interaction," "social commitment," and "recovery of confidence" were extracted. CONCLUSION To support smoking cessation from the perspective of habitual smokers, in addition to improvements through the existing approaches, it is important to recover their confidence using ongoing activities in peer groups according to the target background and support from experts incorporating visual assessments of lung function, along with multiple short-term goals. It is also necessary to raise awareness in communities through activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kae Shiratani
- Department of Community Health and Public Health Nursing, School of Nursing, The Jikei University, 8-3-1 Kokuryocho Chofu, Tokyo, 182-8570, Japan.
| | - Junko Shimasawa
- Department of Community Health and Public Health Nursing, School of Nursing, The Jikei University, 8-3-1 Kokuryocho Chofu, Tokyo, 182-8570, Japan
| | - Mayumi Mizutani
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174, Edobashi, Tsu, Mie, Japan
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Fattahi E, Solhi M, Hashemi Nazari SS, Barati H, Mehrabian F, Manzari ZS, Zareban I, Afkar A. A model to explain smokeless tobacco consumption in adults: A grounded theory study. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20734. [PMID: 37867898 PMCID: PMC10589854 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Smokeless tobacco use remains a significant public health concern, necessitating the acquisition of comprehensive and extensive data to effectively address and control its consumption. Understanding the underlying patterns of consumption is crucial for this purpose. Objective This study aimed to develop a model that explains smokeless tobacco consumption among adults in the southeastern province of Iran, specifically in the city of Chabahar. Methods A qualitative study was conducted using a grounded theory approach with inductive processes. The participants consisted of 30 adults aged 18-64 years from Chabahar City in southeastern Iran. Purposive sampling was used to select participants, and data collection continued until theoretical saturation was achieved. Data analysis followed Strauss and Corbin's perspective, involving four stages: Analyzing Data for Concepts, Analyzing Data for Context, Bringing Process into the Analysis, and Integrating Categories. Results The analysis of data yielded three main categories: "starting to use," "continued use," and "cessation attempts," each with their respective subcategories. Additionally, two main categories related to the consequences of smokeless tobacco consumption were identified: "addiction and efforts to overcome addiction," also with their respective subcategories. Conclusion The Dependency Cycle Model in Consumption provides a comprehensive understanding of the contextual factors, processes, and consequences associated with smokeless tobacco consumption. This model serves as a valuable tool for researchers aiming to develop effective interventions in the field of smokeless tobacco consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmaeil Fattahi
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Solhi
- Department of Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Saeed Hashemi Nazari
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadis Barati
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fardin Mehrabian
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Research Center of Health and Environment, School of Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Zahra Sadat Manzari
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Iraj Zareban
- Health Promotion Research Centre, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Abolhasan Afkar
- Research Center of Health and Environment, School of Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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Nathaniel FA, Amtha R, Gunardi I, Hartanto FK, Sari EF. Enhanced Knowledge Inversed Attitude of Oral Cancer Risk Habit Associated With Sociocultural: A Quantitative and Qualitative Pilot Study. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2023; 13:380-387. [PMID: 38124722 PMCID: PMC10729886 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_20_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim In 2023, the global incidence of oral cancer reached 54,540 new cases, with risk factors including smoking (S), alcohol consumption (A), and betel quid chewing (BQC). The knowledge and attitudes about these risk factors impact this practice, particularly in communities that follow local traditions. The aim of this study was to determine the level of knowledge and attitude regarding risk factors for oral cancer on Flores Island, East Indonesia. Materials and Methods This was an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design using quantitative and qualitative approaches. Structured questionnaires and focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with the community, local government, and dentists to obtain data; quantitative analysis was performed using regression; and qualitative analysis was performed using themes. Results Of 542 participants (men 66.42 %; women 33.57 %), 64.4% had a high level of knowledge and a low level of attitude for S = 62.5%, A = 66.7%, and BQC = 50.0%. There was a correlation between knowledge and attitudes about S (P = 0.009) and BQC (P = 0.011). The FGDs yielded 14 subjects (five men and nine women) with three themes of knowledge (betel nut ingredients, causes of cancer, and impacts of habits) and three themes of attitude (type of habit, desire to stop, and oral cancer prevention programs). On the basis of FGDs, most of the subjects already knew the causes of oral cancer, but the desire to stop and prevent oral cancer was difficult. Conclusion The population on Flores Island has a high level of knowledge but a low level of attitude. Nevertheless, it is difficult to minimize or eliminate oral cancer-risk behaviors due to their cultural and socioeconomic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rahmi Amtha
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Indrayadi Gunardi
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Elizabeth Fitriana Sari
- Dentistry Discipline, Department of Rural Clinical Science, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
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Littlecott HJ, Moore GF, Evans RE, Melendez-Torres GJ, McCann M, Reed H, Mann M, Dobbie F, Jennings S, Donaldson C, Hawkins J. Perceptions of friendship, peers and influence on adolescent smoking according to tobacco control context: a systematic review and meta-ethnography of qualitative research. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:424. [PMID: 36869343 PMCID: PMC9983235 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14727-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A relationship between smoking and interpersonal influences has been well established within the literature. There have been cultural shifts in denormalisation and a reduction in tobacco smoking in many countries. Hence there is a need to understand social influences on adolescents' smoking across smoking normalisation contexts. METHODS The search was conducted in July 2019 and updated in March 2022 within 11 databases and secondary sources. Search terms included schools, adolescents, smoking, peers, social norms and qualitative research. Screening was conducted by two researchers independently and in duplicate. Study quality was assessed using the eight-item Evidence for Policy and Practice Information and Co-ordinating Centre (EPPI-centre) tool for the appraisal of qualitative studies. Results were synthesised using a meta-narrative lens for meta-ethnography and compared across smoking normalisation contexts. RESULTS Forty one studies were included and five themes were developed, mapping onto the socio ecological model. The social processes by which adolescents take up smoking differed according to a mixture of school type, peer group structure and the smoking culture within the school, as well as the wider cultural context. Data available from smoking denormalised contexts, described changes in social interactions around smoking to cope with its stigmatisation. This was manifested through i) direct peer influence, whereby subtle techniques were employed, ii) group belonging whereby smoking was less likely to be seen as a key determinant of group membership and smoking was less commonly reported to be used as a social tool, and iii) popularity and identity construction, whereby smoking was perceived more negatively in a denormalised context, compared with a normalised context. CONCLUSIONS This meta-ethnography is the first study to demonstrate, drawing on international data, that peer processes in adolescent smoking may undergo changes as smoking norms within society change. Future research should focus on understanding differences across socioeconomic contexts, to inform the adaptation of interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Littlecott
- Pettenkofer School of Public Health (PSPH), Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology (IBE), LMU Munich, Elisabeth-Winterhalter-Weg 6, Munich, 81377, Germany.
- Centre for Development, Evaluation, Complexity and Implementation in Public Health Improvement (DECIPHer), School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, 1-3 Museum Place, Cardiff, CF10 3BD, Wales, UK.
| | - G F Moore
- Centre for Development, Evaluation, Complexity and Implementation in Public Health Improvement (DECIPHer), School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, 1-3 Museum Place, Cardiff, CF10 3BD, Wales, UK
| | - R E Evans
- Centre for Development, Evaluation, Complexity and Implementation in Public Health Improvement (DECIPHer), School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, 1-3 Museum Place, Cardiff, CF10 3BD, Wales, UK
| | - G J Melendez-Torres
- Peninsula Technology Assessment Group (PenTAG), South Cloisters, University of Exeter, St Luke's Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK
| | - M McCann
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Berkeley Square, 99 Berkeley Street, Glasgow, G3 7HR, UK
| | - H Reed
- Centre for Development, Evaluation, Complexity and Implementation in Public Health Improvement (DECIPHer), School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, 1-3 Museum Place, Cardiff, CF10 3BD, Wales, UK
| | - M Mann
- Specialist Unit for Review Evidence, Cardiff University, 6th Floor, Neuadd Meirionnydd, Heath Park Campus, Cardiff, CF14 4YS, UK
| | - F Dobbie
- Usher Institute- University of Edinburgh, Doorway 1, Old Medical School, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK
| | - S Jennings
- Teaching and Learning for Health Professionals, Bristol Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol, 39-41 St Michael's Hill, Bristol, BS2 8EZ, UK
| | - C Donaldson
- Centre for Development, Evaluation, Complexity and Implementation in Public Health Improvement (DECIPHer), School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, 1-3 Museum Place, Cardiff, CF10 3BD, Wales, UK
| | - J Hawkins
- Centre for Development, Evaluation, Complexity and Implementation in Public Health Improvement (DECIPHer), School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, 1-3 Museum Place, Cardiff, CF10 3BD, Wales, UK
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Exploration and Analysis of the Educational Management of University Students in the Context of Environmental Constraints. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 2022:8112175. [PMID: 36034625 PMCID: PMC9410807 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8112175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In order to solve the problem of the educational management of university students in the context of environmental constraints, a method based on the exploration and analysis of the educational management of university students in the context of environmental constraints was proposed. The method was combined with practical thinking, by which big data analysis strategies were introduced and the evaluation index system in the educational management of university students was explored. With the help of empirical testing, it was verified that whether the on-campus information system can bring benefits to the educational management of university students. At the same time, the method of summary analysis was used, with the training set parameters 8000 and the testing set parameters 4000. The data within the information management system were elaborated by the way of formula to ensure the stable operation of the new management system and avoid mistakes in the educational management work of university students. It aimed at increasing the application of teaching staff with high comprehensive quality ability to ensure that it had strong comprehensive benefits. And then the exploration and analysis of the educational management of university students was completed under the background of environmental constraints.
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