Zhao Y, Wang Q, Wu X, Jiang M, Jin H, Tao K, Hou T. Unraveling the polypharmacology of a natural antifungal product, eugenol, against Rhizoctonia solani.
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021;
77:3469-3483. [PMID:
33826225 DOI:
10.1002/ps.6400]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Rice sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani is a devastating disease of rice in China. However, indiscriminate use of chemical fungicides applied to control the disease raise major environmental and food safety issues. Ecofriendly biocontrol alternatives are urgently needed. Eugenol, one of the main ingredients in Syzygium aromaticum, has attracted much attention owing to its antifungal properties. However, its mode of action is still not clear. Herein, the antifungal activity and mode of action of eugenol against R. solani were investigated.
RESULTS
Results confirmed that the mycelia of R. solani treated with eugenol shrank and became dehydrated, the cytoplasmic wall separated, and the vacuoles and mitochondria decreased or dissolved. Moreover, we found that eugenol downregulated expression of C-4 methyl sterol oxidase, inhibited synthesis of ergosterol, increased membrane permeability and impaired the transportation of amino acids and glucose across the cell membrane. In addition, eugenol decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential and initiated an oxidative stress reaction by increasing reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde, which together with membrane damage contribute to the antifungal activity of eugenol. Meanwhile, eugenol might inhibit R. solani by affecting oxidative phosphorylation and the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle).
CONCLUSION
In view of its multitarget properties against R. solani, eugenol provides an alternative approach to chemical control strategies against rice sheath blight. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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