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Banday JA, Rather ZUK, Yatoo GN, Hajam MA, Bhat SA, Pridiuldi SKV, Farozi A, Rather MA, Rasool S. Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis, antioxidant, antiproliferative and antibacterial activities of the essential oil of Prangos pabularia. Microb Pathog 2022; 166:105540. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Pimarane Diterpenoids from Aerial Parts of Lycopus lucidus and Their Antimicrobial Activity. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:5178880. [PMID: 35154345 PMCID: PMC8837446 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5178880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The ethyl acetate fraction obtained from aerial parts of L. lucidus was subjected for isolation of new bioactive compounds, which enabled isolation of five new pimarane-type diterpenoids, namely, 3β, 8β, 12β, 18-tetrahydroxy pimar-15-ene (10), 7α, 8β, 12β, 18-tetrahydroxy pimar-15-ene (11), 3β, 8β, 11β, 12α, 18-pentahydroxy pimar-15-ene (12), 12β acetoxy, 8β, 3β, 18-trihydroxy pimar-15-ene (13), and 3β acetoxy, 8β, 12β, 18-trihydroxy pimar-15-ene (14), along with nine known compounds. The structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and comparison with literature data. The isolated new pimarane diterpenoids were examined for antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria strains. Among them, the compound 3β, 8β, 12β, 18-tetrahydroxy pimar-15-ene (10) was most effective, exhibiting minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 15.62 µg/mL against Staphylococcus epidermidis, 31.25 µg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus, 62.5 µg/mL against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and 125 µg/mL against Escherichia coli.
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Gas Chromatographic-Mass Spectrometric Analysis, Antibacterial, Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activities of the Needle Essential Oil of Abies pindrow growing wild in Kashmir, India. Microb Pathog 2021; 158:105013. [PMID: 34062229 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The essential oil composition of the leaves of Abies pindrow, growing in Kashmir, India, along with its antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer activity is reported for the first time. Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) revealed the presence of 12 constituents, representing 99.9% of the total oil. The major constituents of the oil were limonene (38.9%), α-pinene (36.5%), β-pinene (6.9%), and α-selinene (4.4%). The essential oil was dominated by the presence of monoterpene hydrocarbons (90.2%), followed by sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (6.761%), oxygenated sesquiterpenes (2.096%) and oxygenated monoterpenes (0.942%). The monoterpene rich essential oil was subjected to antibacterial activity against 4 Gram negative bacteria and 2 Gram positive bacteria at three different concentrations using Agar Well Diffusion Method taking streptomycin sulphate as reference. The oil displayed significant and broad spectrum antibacterial activity against different bacteria used. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the active essential oil was determined using Agar Dilution Method. Highest antibacterial activity was shown by the oil against E. Coli (25 mm), and the lowest by Bacillus subtilis (14 mm) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14 mm). The oil was subjected to cytotoxic activity by MTT assay against human mammary carcinoma (MCF), human ductal breast epithelial tumour (T47D), human lung adeno-carcinoma epithelial (A549) and rat glial (C6) cell lines at three different concentrations. The results revealed significant sensitization of the cell lines with highest inhibition against human ductal breast epithelial cell line (51%) and the lowest against rat glial cell line (33%) at a concentartion of 50 μg/mL. The oil displayed a significant free radical scavenging activity with DPPH.
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Alam A, Singh V. Composition and pharmacological activity of essential oils from two imported Amomum subulatum fruit samples. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2021; 16:231-239. [PMID: 33897328 PMCID: PMC8046960 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2020.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This work attempted to isolate, identify, and correlate the composition of essential oils (EOs) and pharmacological properties of two imported Amomum subulatum fruit samples. These samples were collected from Indian and KSA local supermarkets to ensure consistency in their therapeutic effects. Methods EOs were extracted from Indian and KSA A. subulatum fruit samples using a hydro-distillation method and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Antimicrobial activity against gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Acinetobacter baumannii) was determined using minimum inhibitory (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration methods. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were determined using a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl-induced free radical assay, and a bovine albumin inhibitory assay, respectively. These analyses were performed to evaluate the pharmacological activities of the substances. Results GC–MS retention times of both samples demonstrated 56 bioactive ingredients with different percentages. The principal bioactive compounds in the Indian and Saudi Arabian EO samples were 1,8-cineole (44.24% and 46.22%, respectively), α-terpineol (7.47% and 7.04%, respectively), terpinen-4-ol (5.01% and 4.83%, respectively), geraniol D (4.05% and 3.54%, respectively), and β-pinene (3.38% and 3.98%, respectively). Superior antimicrobial activity against the selected strains was observed for both samples, with an MIC range of 0.5%–1%. Antioxidant assays demonstrated moderate activity in both samples. Moreover, the Indian and Saudi Arabian samples exhibited IC50 values of 53.12% and 55.26 μg/mL, respectively, in albumin denaturation inhibition assays. This indicated an outstanding anti-inflammatory potential comparable to ibuprofen. Conclusions The composition of EOs from both samples exhibited similar qualitative but different quantitative variability. No major variations in the pharmacological properties of EOs were observed. More studies are essential for further validation of our study findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aftab Alam
- School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Sharda University, Greater Noida, UP, India
| | - Vijender Singh
- School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Sharda University, Greater Noida, UP, India
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Aquino-Martins VGDQ, Melo LFMD, Silva LMP, Targino de Lima TR, Fernandes Queiroz M, Viana RLS, Zucolotto SM, Andrade VS, Rocha HAO, Scortecci KC. In Vitro Antioxidant, Anti-Biofilm, and Solar Protection Activities of Melocactus zehntneri (Britton & Rose) Pulp Extract. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8100439. [PMID: 31581486 PMCID: PMC6826963 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8100439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cactaceae plants are important due to their nutritional and therapeutic values. This study aimed to identify the phytochemical profile and biological activities of six Melocactus zehntneri pulp extracts: hexane extract (HE), chloroform extract (CE), ethanol extract (EE), methanol extract (ME), final water extract (FWE), and water extract (WE). Sugar, phenolic compounds, and protein content of the extracts were determined. Then thin layer chromatography (TLC) was performed to detect the presence of terpenes (ursolic and oleanolic acids), saponins, sugars, and glycoproteins. These extracts were analyzed for antioxidant activity via in vitro assay. HE showed 75% ferric chelating activity. All extracts showed 80-100% superoxide and hydroxyl radical-scavenging activities, respectively. Further, all extracts at 25 µg/mL showed 60% activity against DPPH. Moreover, in the 3T3 cells lines, no cytotoxicity was observed; however, therapeutic activity against the effects of the H2O2 treatment was exhibited. Finally, the polar extracts (EE, ME, FWE, and WE), particularly WE, elicited activity against the biofilms of Staphylococcus epidermidis, and HE and CE expressed a capacity for solar protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verônica Giuliani de Queiroz Aquino-Martins
- Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, CEP 59078-970, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Transformação de Planta e Análise em Microscopia (LTPAM), Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, CEP 59078-970, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Polímeros Naturais (BIOPOL), Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, CEP 59078-970, Brazil.
| | - Luciana Fentanes Moura de Melo
- Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, CEP 59078-970, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Transformação de Planta e Análise em Microscopia (LTPAM), Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, CEP 59078-970, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Polímeros Naturais (BIOPOL), Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, CEP 59078-970, Brazil.
| | - Larissa Marina Pereira Silva
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais e Bioativos (PNBio), Departamento de Farmácia, UFRN, Natal, CEP 59078-970, Brazil.
| | - Thales Rodrigo Targino de Lima
- Laboratório de Ensaios Antimicrobianos e de Citotoxicidades (LEAC), Departamento Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, CEP 59078-970, Brazil.
| | - Moacir Fernandes Queiroz
- Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, CEP 59078-970, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Polímeros Naturais (BIOPOL), Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, CEP 59078-970, Brazil.
| | - Rony Lucas Silva Viana
- Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, CEP 59078-970, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Polímeros Naturais (BIOPOL), Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, CEP 59078-970, Brazil.
| | - Silvana Maria Zucolotto
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais e Bioativos (PNBio), Departamento de Farmácia, UFRN, Natal, CEP 59078-970, Brazil.
| | - Vania Sousa Andrade
- Laboratório de Ensaios Antimicrobianos e de Citotoxicidades (LEAC), Departamento Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, CEP 59078-970, Brazil.
| | - Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha
- Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, CEP 59078-970, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Polímeros Naturais (BIOPOL), Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, CEP 59078-970, Brazil.
| | - Katia Castanho Scortecci
- Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, CEP 59078-970, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Transformação de Planta e Análise em Microscopia (LTPAM), Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, CEP 59078-970, Brazil.
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Matos AA, Oliveira FA, Machado AC, Saldanha LL, Tokuhara CK, Souza LP, Vilegas W, Dionísio TJ, Santos C, Peres-Buzalaf C, Dokkedal AL, Oliveira R. An extract from Myracrodruon urundeuva inhibits matrix mineralization in human osteoblasts. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 237:192-201. [PMID: 30905790 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Phytotherapy based on plant-derived compounds is an alternative medicinal strategy for the relief of symptoms and the curing of diseases. The leaves of Myracrodruon urundeuva a medicinal plant also known as "aroeira", has been used in traditional medicine as healing, antiulcer and anti-inflammatory to treat skeletal diseases in Brazil, but its role in bone cell toxicity, as well as in bone formation, remains to be established. AIM OF THE STUDY We sought to determine the in vitro osteogenic effects of a hydroalcoholic M. urundeuva leaves extract in primary human osteoblasts. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and matrix mineralization were evaluated by MTT assay, DCFH-DA probe, colorimetric-based enzymatic assay and Alizarin Red-staining, respectively. Besides, the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and progressive ankylosis protein homolog (ANKH) gene expression were determined by real-time RT-qPCR and MMP-2 activity by zymography. RESULTS Exposure of osteoblasts to M. urundeuva extract significantly decreased viability and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, regardless of the extract concentration. The M. urundeuva extract at 10 μg/mL also downregulated matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, while upregulating progressive ankylosis protein homolog (ANKH) gene expression. By contrast, the MMP-2 activity was unchanged. The M. urundeuva extract at 10 μg/mL also reduced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineralization. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our findings suggest that the inhibition of osteogenic differentiation and matrix mineralization promoted by M. urundeuva may be due more to an increase in oxidative stress than to the modulation of MMP-2 and ANKH expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Arruda Matos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Flávia Amadeu Oliveira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Alessandra Cury Machado
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Cintia Kazuko Tokuhara
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Leonardo Perez Souza
- Chemistry Institute, Department of Organic Chemistry, UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| | - Wagner Vilegas
- Chemistry Institute, Department of Organic Chemistry, UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| | - Thiago José Dionísio
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Santos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Camila Peres-Buzalaf
- Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação, Universidade do Sagrado Coração, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Anne Lígia Dokkedal
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, UNESP, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Oliveira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
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Phytochemical analysis and evaluation of the cytotoxic, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of essential oils from three Plectranthus species grown in Saudi Arabia. Altern Ther Health Med 2018; 18:237. [PMID: 30097042 PMCID: PMC6086039 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2302-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background Cancers and microbial infections are still a major health problem, therefore research on new anticancer and antimicrobial agents ought to be continued. Natural products including essential oils from medicinal plants continue to be an important resource to manage various diseases. Thus, the particular objectives of this study are to investigate the chemical composition, cytotoxic, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of three Plectranthus species namely P. cylindraceus Hocst. ex Benth., P. asirensis JRI Wood and P. barbatus Andrews grown in Saudi Arabia. Methods The essential oils of the three Plectranthus species were obtained by hydrodistllation and analyzed using GC/FID and GC-MS. The essential oils were further assessed for their cytotoxic, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Determination of the cytotoxic activity was carried out against Hela, HepG2 and HT-29 cancer cell lines by utilizing MTT-assay. The antimicrobial activity was assessed against six bacterial and fungal strains by using broth micro-dilution assay. In addition, the antioxidant activity was evaluated utilizing the DPPH and β-Carotene-linoleic acid assays. Results The GC/FID and GC-MS analysis led to the identification of 59, 60 and 42 compounds representing 89.0% 95.0 and 97.1% of the total essential oils of P. cylindraceus, P. asirensis and P. barbatus, respectively. The essential oils were characterized by a high content of oxygenated sesquiterpenes in P. cylindraceus, sesquiterpene hydrocarbons in P. asirensis and monoterpene hydrocarbons in P. barbatus where maaliol (42.8%), β-caryophyllene (13.3%) and α-pinene, (46.2%) were the predominant compounds. Additionally, the oils particularly of P. cylindraceus and P. barbatus exhibited remarkable cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities with IC50-values between 3.8 and 7.5 μg/mL and MIC-values ranging from 0.137 to 4.40 mg/mL. Moreover, the oils showed moderate to high radical scavenging and antioxidative activities ranging from 52 to 75% at the highest concentration of 1 mg/mL. Conclusions The observed results back the suggestion that these three Plectranthus species represent a promising source of cytotoxic and antimicrobial agents.
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Soares AMS, Oliveira JTA, Rocha CQ, Ferreira ATS, Perales J, Zanatta AC, Vilegas W, Silva CR, Costa-Junior LM. Myracrodruon urundeuva seed exudates proteome and anthelmintic activity against Haemonchus contortus. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200848. [PMID: 30024949 PMCID: PMC6053183 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Seed exudates are plant-derived natural bioactive compounds consisting of a complex mixture of organic and inorganic molecules. Plant seed exudates have been poorly studied against parasite nematodes. This study was undertaken to identify proteins in the Myracrodruon urundeuva seed exudates and to assess the anthelmintic activity against Haemonchus contortus, an important parasite of small ruminants. M. urundeuva seed exudates (SEX) was obtained after immersion of seeds in sodium acetate buffer. SEX was fractionated with ammonium sulfate at 0–90% concentration to generate the ressuspended pellet (SEXF1) and the supernatant (SEXF2). SEX, SEXF1, and SEXF2 were exhaustively dialyzed against distilled water (cut-off: 12 kDa) and the protein contents determined. Mass spectrometry analyses of SEX, SEXF1, and SEXF2 were done to identify proteins and secondary metabolites. The seed exudates contained protease, protease inhibitor, peptidase, chitinase, and lipases as well as the low molecular weight secondary compounds ellagic acid and quercetin rhamnoside. SEX inhibited H. contortus larval development (LDA) (IC50 = 0.29 mg mL-1), but did not affect larval exsheathment (LEIA). On the other hand, although SEXF1 and SEXF2 inhibited H. contortus LEIA (IC50 = 1.04 and 0.93 mg mL-1, respectively), they showed even greater inhibition efficiency of H. contortus larval development (IC50 = 0.29 and 0.42 mg mL-1, respectively). To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to show the anthelmintic activity of plant exudates against a gastrointestinal nematode. Moreover, it suggests the potential of exuded proteins as candidates to negatively interfere with H. contortus life cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M. S. Soares
- Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry, Chemical Engineering Program, Exact Sciences Center and Technology, Federal University of Maranhão, Sao Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
- * E-mail: (AMSS); (LMCJ)
| | - Jose T. A. Oliveira
- Laboratory of Plant Defense Proteins, Federal University of Ceará, Campus do Pici, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Q. Rocha
- Laboratory of Advanced Studies in Phytomedicines, Department of Chemistry, Center for Exact Sciences and Technology, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - André T. S. Ferreira
- Laboratory of Toxinology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jonas Perales
- Laboratory of Toxinology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Caroline Zanatta
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Biosciences, Bioprospecting, Coastal Campus of São Vicente, São Vicente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wagner Vilegas
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Biosciences, Bioprospecting, Coastal Campus of São Vicente, São Vicente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina R. Silva
- Laboratory of Parasite Control, Department of Pathology, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Livio M. Costa-Junior
- Laboratory of Parasite Control, Department of Pathology, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
- * E-mail: (AMSS); (LMCJ)
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Elansary HO, Abdelgaleil SAM, Mahmoud EA, Yessoufou K, Elhindi K, El-Hendawy S. Effective antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer activities of essential oils of horticultural aromatic crops in northern Egypt. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 18:214. [PMID: 30005652 PMCID: PMC6044011 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2262-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Identifying ornamental plants as new natural antioxidant and antimicrobial sources is always of great importance for the ornamental and horticultural industries. Methods The antimicrobial activities of leaves and fruits peel essential oils of twelve ornamental and horticultural crops were determined by screening against wide spectrum of fungi and bacteria, and their respective in vitro antioxidant capacity was evaluated. Furthermore, the anticancer activities against several cancer cells, and one normal human cell line (HEK-293) were examined. Results Origanum vulgare L. essential oil showed the best antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer activities compared to screened crops by means of the DPPH and linoleic acid assays for antioxidants, MIC and MBC values for antibacterial activities and IC50 for antiproliferative activities. Such important activities in O. vulgare was attributed to high pulegone ratio (77.45%) as revealed by the GC/MS assay. Rosmarinus officinallis L. essential oil showed the highest antifungal activities by means of lowest MIC and MFC values which might be attributed to 1, 8-cineole (19.60%), camphor (17.01%) and α-pinene (15.12%). Conclusion We suggest that oxygenated monoterpenes (i.e. linalool, terpinen-4-ol and pulegone) and monoterpene hydrocarbons play an important role in the essential oil antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal and anticancer activities of diverse Egyptian ornamental and horticultural crops. Some species showed bioactivities similar to standards compounds and might be suitable for pharmaceutical and food industries.
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