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Dehbashi S, Tahmasebi H, Alikhani MY, Vidal JE, Seifalian A, Arabestani MR. The healing effect of Pseudomonas Quinolone Signal (PQS) with co-infection of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa: A preclinical animal co-infection model. J Infect Public Health 2024; 17:329-338. [PMID: 38194764 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2023.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because of the rise in antibiotic resistance and the control of pathogenicity, polymicrobial bacterial biofilms exacerbate wound infections. Since bacterial quorum sensing (QS) signals can dysregulate biofilm development, they are interesting therapeutic treatments. In this study, Pseudomonas Quinolone Signal (PQS) was used to treat an animal model of a wound that had both Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa co-infection. METHODS S. aureus and P. aeruginosa mono- and co-infection models were developed in vitro on the L-929 cell line and in an animal model of wound infection. Moreover, PQS was extracted and purified using liquid chromatography. Then, the mono- and co-infection models were treated by PQS in vitro and in vivo. RT-PCR analysis was used to look into changes in biofilm, QS, tissue regeneration, and apoptosis genes after the treatment. RESULTS PQS significantly disrupted established biofilm up to 90% in both in vitro and in vivo models. Moreover, a 93% reduction in the viability of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa was detected during the 10 days of treatment in comparison to control groups. In addition, the biofilm-encoding and QS-regulating genes were down-regulated to 75% in both microorganisms. Also, fewer epithelial cells died when treated with PQS compared to control groups in both mono- and co-infection groups. CONCLUSION According to this study, PQS may facilitate wound healing by stimulating the immune system and reducing apoptosis. It seems to be a potential medication to use in conjunction with antibiotics to treat infections that are difficult to treat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Dehbashi
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Varastegan Institute of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamed Tahmasebi
- School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Mohammad Yousef Alikhani
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Jorge E Vidal
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Center for Immunology and Microbial Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216-4505, USA
| | - Alexander Seifalian
- Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine Commercialization Centre (NanoRegMed Ltd, Nanoloom Ltd, & Liberum Health Ltd), London BioScience Innovation Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammad Reza Arabestani
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Infectious Disease Research center, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Babakanrad E, Mohammadian T, Esmaeili D, Behzadi P. Studying the effect of gene fusion of A and C types capsular synthesizing enzymes and anticancer sequence on inducing the expression of apoptotic BCL-2, BAX, and Caspase-3 genes by Real-time RT-PCR method. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16326. [PMID: 37251837 PMCID: PMC10213348 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Today, uterine cancer is one of the most important causes of death in the world and is one of the major problems in human health. There have been numerous reports of the effect of Streptococcus agalactiae peptide and capsular products against cancer cell lines. Objective: This study aimed to research recombinant peptide CPSA-CPSC-L-ACAN and investigate its apoptotic effect against the HeLa cell line by Real-Time-RT PCR. Design In this study confirmation of the recombinant fusion peptide was performed by Western blotting. The effect of cytotoxicity of different concentrations of recombinant fusion peptide against the HeLa cell line was investigated by the MTT technique. The expression of apoptotic genes including BAX, BCL-2, and Caspase-3 in comparison with the GAPDH reference gene before and after exposure to recombinant fusion peptide was measured by Real-Time RT-PCR. Results Recombinant fusion peptide at a concentration of 63 μg/ml destroyed 50% of the HeLa cell line in 24 h and cell treatment with this concentration increased gene expression of Caspase-3 genes by 16 times, bax by 6 times and decreased the expression of bcl-2 by 0.176 times. Conclusions The results showed that treatment of the HeLa cell line with recombinant fusion peptide induced an apoptotic effect. The recombinant fusion peptide could probably help the medical community as a prophylactic or therapeutic treatment for cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elmira Babakanrad
- Department of Microbiology, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Taher Mohammadian
- Department of Microbiology, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davoud Esmaeili
- Department of Microbiology and Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Payam Behzadi
- Department of Microbiology, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Bolgeo T, Maconi A, Gardalini M, Gatti D, Di Matteo R, Lapidari M, Longhitano Y, Savioli G, Piccioni A, Zanza C. The Role of Cold Atmospheric Plasma in Wound Healing Processes in Critically Ill Patients. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13050736. [PMID: 37240907 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13050736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Critically ill patients are at risk of skin wounds, which reduce their quality of life, complicate their pharmacological regimens, and prolong their hospital stays in intensive care units (ICUs), while also increasing overall mortality and morbidity rates. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has been proposed as a viable option for many biological and medical applications, given its capacity to reduce wound bacterial contamination and promote wound healing. The aim of this narrative review is to describe how CAP works and its operating mechanisms, as well as reporting its possible applications in critical care settings. The success of CAP in the treatment of wounds, in particular, bedsores or pressure sores, presents an innovative path in the prevention of nosocomial infections and an opportunity of reducing the negative implications of these diseases for the NHS. This narrative review of the literature was conducted following the 'Scale for the Assessment of Narrative Review Articles' (SANRA) methodology. Previous literature highlights three biological effects of plasma: inactivation of a wide range of microorganisms, including those that are multi-drug-resistant; increased cell proliferation and angiogenesis with a shorter period of plasma treatment; and apoptosis stimulation with a longer and more intensive treatment. CAP is effective in many areas of the medical field, with no significant adverse effects on healthy cells. However, its use can produce potentially serious side effects and should, therefore, be used under expert supervision and in appropriate doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Bolgeo
- Department of Integrated Research and Innovation Activities, AON SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Antonio Maconi
- Department of Integrated Research and Innovation Activities, AON SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Menada Gardalini
- Department of Integrated Research and Innovation Activities, AON SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Denise Gatti
- Department of Integrated Research and Innovation Activities, AON SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Roberta Di Matteo
- Department of Integrated Research and Innovation Activities, AON SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Marco Lapidari
- Department of Vascular Surgery, St. Antonio and Biagio and Cesare Arrigo Hospital, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Yaroslava Longhitano
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Gabriele Savioli
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Surgery, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea Piccioni
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Christian Zanza
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
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Feng L, Xu M, Zeng W, Zhang X, Wang S, Yao Z, Zhou T, Shi S, Cao J, Chen L. Evaluation of the antibacterial, antibiofilm, and anti-virulence effects of acetic acid and the related mechanisms on colistin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:306. [PMID: 36529724 PMCID: PMC9762083 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02716-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) has been majorly implicated in the infection of burns, wounds, skin, and respiratory tract. Colistin is considered the last line of defense against P. aeruginosa infections. However, colistin is becoming increasingly invalid in treating patients infected with colistin-resistant (COL-R) P. aeruginosa. As one of the disinfectants used for wound infections, acetic acid (AA) offers good antibacterial and antibiofilm activities against P. aeruginosa. This study investigated the effects of AA on COL-R P. aeruginosa in terms of its antibacterial, antibiofilm, and anti-virulence properties and the corresponding underlying mechanisms. RESULTS The antimicrobial susceptibility and growth curve data revealed that 0.078% (v/v) AA exhibited good antibacterial activity against COL-R P. aeruginosa. Subinhibitory concentrations of AA were ineffective in inhibiting biofilm formation, but 4 × and 8 × of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was effective in removing the preformed biofilms in biofilm-eradication assays. The virulence results illustrated that AA inhibited COL-R P. aeruginosa swimming, swarming, twitching, and pyocyanin and elastase production. The analysis of the potential antibacterial mechanisms of AA on COL-R P. aeruginosa revealed that AA acted by increasing the outer and inner membrane permeability, polarizing the membrane potential, and decreasing the reduction potential in a concentration-dependent manner. The qRT-PCR results revealed that AA may inhibit the virulence of COL-R P. aeruginosa by inhibiting the expression of T3SS-related and QS-related genes. CONCLUSIONS AA possesses antibacterial, antibiofilm, and anti-virulence properties that ultimately lead to the alteration of the bacterial membrane permeability, membrane potential, and reduction potential. Our findings indicated that AA is presently one of the effective treatment options for infections. A high concentration of AA (> 0.156% v/v) can be used to sterilize biofilm-prone surgical instruments, for hospital disinfection, and for treating the external wound, whereas a low concentration of AA (0.00975-0.039% v/v) may be used as an anti-virulence agent for adjuvant treatment of COL-R P. aeruginosa, thereby further improving the application value of AA in the treatment of infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luozhu Feng
- grid.414906.e0000 0004 1808 0918Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province China ,grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990Department of Medical Lab Science, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Mengxin Xu
- grid.414906.e0000 0004 1808 0918Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Weiliang Zeng
- grid.414906.e0000 0004 1808 0918Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- grid.414906.e0000 0004 1808 0918Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Sipei Wang
- grid.414906.e0000 0004 1808 0918Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Zhuocheng Yao
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990Department of Medical Lab Science, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Tieli Zhou
- grid.414906.e0000 0004 1808 0918Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Shiyi Shi
- grid.414906.e0000 0004 1808 0918Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Jianming Cao
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990Department of Medical Lab Science, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Lijiang Chen
- grid.414906.e0000 0004 1808 0918Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province China
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Evaluation of the different methods to detect Salmonella in poultry feces samples. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:269. [PMID: 35441892 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-02840-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Salmonella is one of the most common causes of foodborne outbreaks and infection worldwide. The gold-standard detection method of Salmonella is cultivation. There is a need to investigate rapid and accurate processes with time-consuming cultivation. The study evaluated different approaches to detect Salmonella in poultry feces samples. Poultry farm feces samples from 21 cities in Iran were collected from January 2016 to December 2019. Microbiological cultures, serological assays, and multiplex PCR (m-PCR) were used to detect and characterize Salmonella spp. isolates. Serological assays and m-PCR were used to determine the serogroups A, B, C1, C2, D1, E, H, and FliC. The m-PCR was used to detect seven Salmonella serovars, and a Chi-square test was performed to compare the discriminatory power of the methods. Of 2300 poultry feces samples, 173 (7.5%) and 166 (7.2%) samples were detected as Salmonella spp. by cultivation and m-PCR, respectively. The sensitivity of the molecular method was equal to cultivation at 0.96 (CI = 95%). Assessment of H antigenic subgroups showed the same for both m-PCR and serological tests. Therefore, the matching rate of the two methods for detecting all H antigenic subgroups was 100%. Thus, the relationship between the results obtained from both methods was significant in the contingency table test (P < 0.01). The PCR-based approach confirmed the detection of Salmonella in a shorter period (24-36 h) compared to the conventional microbiological approach (3-8 days).
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Inhibitory effect of Silica-Coated iron oxide polymer nanocomposite modified with Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Extract against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus with phenotypic and genotypic methods. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2021.109040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Abbasi E, Mehrabadi JF, Nourani M, Namini YN, Mohammadi S, Esmaeili D, Abbasi A. Evaluation of cold atmospheric-pressure plasma against burn wound infections and gene silencing. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY 2021; 13:544-552. [PMID: 34557284 PMCID: PMC8421582 DOI: 10.18502/ijm.v13i4.6982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives Non-thermal atmospheric-pressure plasma or cold plasma is defined as an ionized gas. This study aimed to investigate the effect of cold plasma on Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. Also, the expression level of the alp virulence gene before and after treatment with cold plasma was compared with the Housekeeping gene gyrA. Materials and Methods P. aeruginosa isolates recovered from hospitalized burn patients at Shahid Motahari Burns Hospital, Tehran, Iran. The Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method was used to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility test. Then, the antibacterial effect of atmospheric non-thermal plasma was evaluated on P. aeruginosa in as in vitro and in vivo studies at different times on Muller Hinton agar and in mouse model (treated by plasma every day/ 90 sec). The histopathological study was evaluated by Hematoxylin-Eosin staining. Data were analyzed using SPSS software by the Chi-square test and Pvalues less than 0.05 considered as statistically significant. Results Results indicated that non-thermal atmospheric plasma inhibited the growth of P. aeruginosa. The non-thermal helium plasma accelerates wound healing for 6 days. Results showed that cold plasma decreased virulence gene expression alp after treatment. Therefore, cold plasma can be suggested as a complementary therapeutic protocol to reduce bacterial infection and accelerate wound healing and reduce the expression of virulence genes of pathogens. Conclusion Cold plasma showed pathogen inhibitory properties of P. aeruginosa and virulence alkaline protease and wound healing properties in animal models, so this inexpensive and suitable method can be presented to the medical community to disinfect burn wounds and improve wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ensieh Abbasi
- Plasma Physics Research Center, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jalil Fallah Mehrabadi
- Departman of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohamadreza Nourani
- Nano Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yasaman Nazar Namini
- Plasma Physics Research Center, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Siamak Mohammadi
- Plasma Physics Research Center, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davoud Esmaeili
- Department of Microbiology and Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asieh Abbasi
- Departman of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Shivaee A, Meskini M, Roodaki RRN, Kalani BS, Mirshekar M, Razavi S. Evaluation of the effects of nano-curcumin on the expression of genes involved in biofilm formation in Staphylococcus epidermidis. GENE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Coexistence of Virulence Factors and Efflux Pump Genes in Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Analysis of Biofilm-Forming Strains from Iran. Int J Microbiol 2021; 2021:5557361. [PMID: 34093708 PMCID: PMC8163533 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5557361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Biofilm formation and efflux pumps (EPs) correlation play a critical role in the pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In this study, biofilm formation and EP's collaborative role in clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa infection were investigated. Methods Eighty-six (86) P. aeruginosa isolates were collected from different clinical specimens and were confirmed using different biochemical tests. The formation of biofilm was investigated by using a crystal violet assay. Also, EP genes were identified by the PCR method. Results Based on the results, gentamicin-resistant (n = 50, 66.29%) and ciprofloxacin-resistant (n = 61, 69.66%) strains were the most frequent and colistin (n = 1, 1.12%) and ceftazidime (n = 12, 7.86%) resistant strains were the least prevalent. Furthermore, 22 isolates (31.42%) were MDR, and 11 isolates (12.35%) were XDR strains. Also, 19 isolates (22.47%) were classified as strong biofilm, 29 isolates (21.34%) as moderate biofilm, and 3 (11.23%) isolates as weak biofilm producers. The distribution of the EP genes was as follows: mexA (n = 44, 34.83%), mexB (n = 33, 32.58%), oprM (n = 59, 29.21%), oprD (n = 61, 30.33%), tetA (n = 22, 25.58%), tetR (n = 19, 22.09%), and emrE (n = 21, 24.41%). However, there was a strong significant association between biofilm formation and EPs in P. aeruginosa. Conclusions. In this study, we suggested that the presence of a multidrug resistance efflux pump, MexEF-OprN, significantly reduced P. aeruginosa pathogenicity. In contrast, the presence of the MexAB-OprM and MexCD-OprJ pumps did not affect virulence.
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Interplay between ESKAPE Pathogens and Immunity in Skin Infections: An Overview of the Major Determinants of Virulence and Antibiotic Resistance. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10020148. [PMID: 33540588 PMCID: PMC7912840 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10020148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin is the largest organ in the human body, acting as a physical and immunological barrier against pathogenic microorganisms. The cutaneous lesions constitute a gateway for microbial contamination that can lead to chronic wounds and other invasive infections. Chronic wounds are considered as serious public health problems due the related social, psychological and economic consequences. The group of bacteria known as ESKAPE (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter sp.) are among the most prevalent bacteria in cutaneous infections. These pathogens have a high level of incidence in hospital environments and several strains present phenotypes of multidrug resistance. In this review, we discuss some important aspects of skin immunology and the involvement of ESKAPE in wound infections. First, we introduce some fundamental aspects of skin physiology and immunology related to cutaneous infections. Following this, the major virulence factors involved in colonization and tissue damage are highlighted, as well as the most frequently detected antimicrobial resistance genes. ESKAPE pathogens express several virulence determinants that overcome the skin's physical and immunological barriers, enabling them to cause severe wound infections. The high ability these bacteria to acquire resistance is alarming, particularly in the hospital settings where immunocompromised individuals are exposed to these pathogens. Knowledge about the virulence and resistance markers of these species is important in order to develop new strategies to detect and treat their associated infections.
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Khosravi MA, Najafi A, Esmaeili D. Design multiplex PCR for detection of rapid and correct the metallobetalactamase. GENE REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2019.100498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Islamieh DI, Afshar D, Esmaeili D. Effect of Satureja khuzistanica essential oil (SKEO) extract on expression of lasA and lasB genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY 2019; 11:55-59. [PMID: 30996832 PMCID: PMC6462270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Expressions of lasA and lasB genes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa are associated with bacterium pathogenicity. The present study was aimed to assess the effect of Satureja khuzistanica essential oil (SKEO) extract on expression of lasA and lasB genes in P. aeruginosa. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were cultured in Mueller Hinton broth containing sub-inhibitory concentrations of SKEO and total RNA extracted using Trizol method. cDNA was synthesized using random Hexamer primer and finally the expression of lasA and lasB genes carried out by real-time PCR. RESULTS The MICs of SKEO extract for PA9, PA10, PA11, PA13, PA41 and PA42 isolates were 8, 8, 8, 9, 7 and 12 μg/ml, respectively. Statistical analysis for 6 isolates revealed that the reduction in expression of lasA and lasB genes under SKEO treatment was significant (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The insignificantly increasing of lasB gene expression may lead to low virulent strains, for probably reason that the strain's exotoxin A are destroyed in the high amount of protease. In conclusion, using of SKEO in burned patients infected with P. aeruginosa may be effective; however, it is better to assess the spectrum activity of SKEO, pharmacokinetics, potency and its toxicity in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davoud Iman Islamieh
- Department of Microbiology and Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute and Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davoud Afshar
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Davoud Esmaeili
- Department of Microbiology and Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute and Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding author: Davoud Esmaeili, Ph.D, Department of Microbiology and Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute and Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Tel: +98218052941, Fax: +982177601533,
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