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Oršolić N, Jazvinšćak Jembrek M. Royal Jelly: Biological Action and Health Benefits. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6023. [PMID: 38892209 PMCID: PMC11172503 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Royal jelly (RJ) is a highly nutritious natural product with great potential for use in medicine, cosmetics, and as a health-promoting food. This bee product is a mixture of important compounds, such as proteins, vitamins, lipids, minerals, hormones, neurotransmitters, flavonoids, and polyphenols, that underlie the remarkable biological and therapeutic activities of RJ. Various bioactive molecules like 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA), antibacterial protein, apisin, the major royal jelly proteins, and specific peptides such as apisimin, royalisin, royalactin, apidaecin, defensin-1, and jelleins are characteristic ingredients of RJ. RJ shows numerous physiological and pharmacological properties, including vasodilatory, hypotensive, antihypercholesterolaemic, antidiabetic, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-aging, neuroprotective, antimicrobial, estrogenic, anti-allergic, anti-osteoporotic, and anti-tumor effects. Moreover, RJ may reduce menopause symptoms and improve the health of the reproductive system, liver, and kidneys, and promote wound healing. This article provides an overview of the molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of RJ in various diseases, aging, and aging-related complications, with special emphasis on the bioactive components of RJ and their health-promoting properties. The data presented should be an incentive for future clinical studies that hopefully will advance our knowledge about the therapeutic potential of RJ and facilitate the development of novel RJ-based therapeutic opportunities for improving human health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Oršolić
- Division of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Jazvinšćak Jembrek
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Laboratory for Protein Dynamics, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- School of Medicine, Catholic University of Croatia, Ilica 242, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Fang K, Xu Z, Yang L, Cui Q, Du B, Liu H, Wang R, Li P, Su J, Wang J. Biosynthesis of 10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic Acid through a One-Step Whole-Cell Catalysis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:1190-1202. [PMID: 38175798 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA) is an important component of royal jelly, known for its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, blood pressure-lowering, and antiradiation effects. Currently, 10-HDA biosynthesis is limited by the substrate selectivity of acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase, which restricts the technique to a two-step process. This study aimed to develop an efficient and simplified method for synthesizing 10-HDA. In this study, ACOX from Candida tropicalis 1798, which catalyzes 10-hydroxydecanoyl coenzyme A desaturation for 10-HDA synthesis, was isolated and heterologously coexpressed with FadE, Macs, YdiI, and CYP in Escherichia coli/SK after knocking out FadB, FadJ, and FadR genes. The engineered E. coli/AKS strain achieved a 49.8% conversion of decanoic acid to 10-HDA. CYP expression was improved through ultraviolet mutagenesis and high-throughput screening, increased substrate conversion to 75.6%, and the synthesis of 10-HDA was increased to 0.628 g/L in 10 h. This is the highest conversion rate and product concentration achieved in the shortest time to date. This study provides a simple and efficient method for 10-HDA biosynthesis and offers an effective method for developing strains with high product yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP) (Qilu University of Technology), Jinan 250353, Shandong, Republic of China
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, Shandong, Republic of China
| | - Ziting Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP) (Qilu University of Technology), Jinan 250353, Shandong, Republic of China
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, Shandong, Republic of China
| | - Lu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP) (Qilu University of Technology), Jinan 250353, Shandong, Republic of China
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, Shandong, Republic of China
| | - Quan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP) (Qilu University of Technology), Jinan 250353, Shandong, Republic of China
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, Shandong, Republic of China
| | - Bowen Du
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP) (Qilu University of Technology), Jinan 250353, Shandong, Republic of China
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, Shandong, Republic of China
| | - Huijing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP) (Qilu University of Technology), Jinan 250353, Shandong, Republic of China
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, Shandong, Republic of China
| | - Ruiming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP) (Qilu University of Technology), Jinan 250353, Shandong, Republic of China
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, Shandong, Republic of China
| | - Piwu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP) (Qilu University of Technology), Jinan 250353, Shandong, Republic of China
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, Shandong, Republic of China
| | - Jing Su
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP) (Qilu University of Technology), Jinan 250353, Shandong, Republic of China
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, Shandong, Republic of China
| | - Junqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP) (Qilu University of Technology), Jinan 250353, Shandong, Republic of China
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, Shandong, Republic of China
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Liu Z, Yin X, Li H, Qiao D, Chen L. Effects of different floral periods and environmental factors on royal jelly identification by stable isotopes and machine learning analyses during non-migratory beekeeping. Food Res Int 2023; 173:113360. [PMID: 37803701 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
It is crucial to monitor the authenticity of royal jelly (RJ) because the qualities of RJs produced by different floral periods vary substantially. In the context of non-migratory beekeeping, this study aims to identify rape RJ (RRJ), chaste RJ (CRJ), and sesame RJ (SRJ) based on δ13C, δ15N, δ2H, and δ18O combined with machine learning and to evaluate environmental effect factors. The results showed that δ13C (-27.62‰ ± 0.24‰), δ15N (2.88‰ ± 0.85‰), and δ18O (28.02‰ ± 1.30‰) of RRJ were significantly different from other RJs. The δ13C, δ2H, and δ18O in CRJ and SRJ were strongly correlated with temperature and precipitation, suggesting that these isotopes are influenced by environmental elements such as sunlight and rainfall. In addition, the artificial neural network (ANN) model was superior to the random forest (RF) model in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. This study revealed that combining stable isotopes with ANN models and the unique correlation between stable isotopes and environmental factors could provide promising ideas for monitoring the authenticity of RJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Quality and Safety of Bee Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Xin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Quality and Safety of Bee Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100093, China; Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou City 350002, China
| | - Hongxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Quality and Safety of Bee Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Dong Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Quality and Safety of Bee Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100093, China; Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou City 350002, China
| | - Lanzhen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Quality and Safety of Bee Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100093, China.
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Li Q, Zhang W, Zhou E, Tao Y, Wang M, Qi S, Zhao L, Tan Y, Wu L. Integrated microbiomic and metabolomic analyses reveal the mechanisms by which bee pollen and royal jelly lipid extracts ameliorate colitis in mice. Food Res Int 2023; 171:113069. [PMID: 37330827 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Bee pollen (BP) and royal jelly (RJ) have shown therapeutic effects against colitis, but the functional components contained therein remain elusive. Here, we used an integrated microbiomic-metabolomic strategy to clarify the mechanism by which bee pollen lipid extracts (BPL) and royal jelly lipid extracts (RJL) ameliorated dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. Lipidomic results showed that levels of ceramide (Cer), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), phosphatidylcholine (PC), and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) were significantly higher in BPL than in RJL. The anti-inflammatory efficacy of BPL surpassed that of RJL, although both BPL and RJL could attenuate DSS-induced colitis through several mechanisms: reducing the disease activity index (DAI); decreasing histopathological damage; inhibiting the expression of genes encoding proinflammatory cytokines; improving intestinal microbial community structure, and modulating host metabolism. These findings demonstrated that BPL and RJL have great potential as functional ingredients for the production of dietary supplements to prevent early colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu 233100, China
| | - Enning Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Yuxiao Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Miao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Suzhen Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Liuwei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Yonggang Tan
- Oncology Center, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China.
| | - Liming Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
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Gong Y, Luo H, Li Z, Feng Y, Liu Z, Chang J. Metabolic Profile of Alzheimer's Disease: Is 10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic Acid a Pertinent Metabolic Adjuster? Metabolites 2023; 13:954. [PMID: 37623897 PMCID: PMC10456792 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13080954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents a significant public health concern in modern society. Metabolic syndrome (MetS), which includes diabetes mellitus (DM) and obesity, represents a modifiable risk factor for AD. MetS and AD are interconnected through various mechanisms, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, insulin resistance (IR), vascular impairment, inflammation, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Therefore, it is necessary to seek a multi-targeted and safer approach to intervention. Thus, 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA), a unique hydroxy fatty acid in royal jelly, has shown promising anti-neuroinflammatory, blood-brain barrier (BBB)-preserving, and neurogenesis-promoting properties. In this paper, we provide a summary of the relationship between MetS and AD, together with an introduction to 10-HDA as a potential intervention nutrient. In addition, molecular docking is performed to explore the metabolic tuning properties of 10-HDA with associated macromolecules such as GLP-1R, PPARs, GSK-3, and TREM2. In conclusion, there is a close relationship between AD and MetS, and 10-HDA shows potential as a beneficial nutritional intervention for both AD and MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jie Chang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Soochow University, 199 Ren’ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China; (Y.G.)
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Vajdi M, Musazadeh V, Khajeh M, Safaei E, Darzi M, Noshadi N, Bazyar H, Askari G. The effects of royal jelly supplementation on anthropometric indices: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1196258. [PMID: 37599677 PMCID: PMC10438987 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1196258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Inconsistent data are available about the effect of royal jelly supplementation on anthropometric indices in humans. This systematic review and meta-analysis was done to summarize data from available randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effect of royal jelly supplementation on anthropometric indices such as body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), and fat mass (FM) in adults. We systematically searched Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases up to March 2023. All RCTs assessing the effect of royal jelly on anthropometric indices were included. Data were pooled using the random-effects method and were expressed as weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Sensitivity and subgroup analyses were also performed. Out of 1,492 records, 10 studies that enrolled 512 participants were included. There was no significant effect on BW (WMD: -0.29 kg, 95% CI: -1.24, 0.65, p = 0.543), BMI (WMD: 0.11 kg/m2, 95% CI: -0.29, 0.52, p = 0.583), and FM (WMD: 0.02%, 95% CI: -0.41, 0.46, p = 0.84). However, we observed a reduction in BW and BMI following royal jelly intake in subgroup of royal jelly dosage <3,000 mg/day. Although the royal jelly supplementation significantly reduced BW and BMI at the dosages <3,000 mg/day, until additional trials have been conducted to assess the effects on obesity measures, it is best to prescribe royal jelly with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Vajdi
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Vali Musazadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahsa Khajeh
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ehsan Safaei
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Melika Darzi
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nooshin Noshadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Bazyar
- Student Research Committee, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran
- Department of Public Health, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Askari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
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Paredes-Barquero M, Niso-Santano M, Fuentes JM, Martínez-Chacón G. In vitro and in vivo models to study the biological and pharmacological properties of queen bee acid (QBA, 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid): A systematic review. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Lamichhane G, Pandeya PR, Lamichhane R, Rhee SJ, Devkota HP, Jung HJ. Anti-Obesity Potential of Ponciri Fructus: Effects of Extracts, Fractions and Compounds on Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030676. [PMID: 35163941 PMCID: PMC8839251 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ponciri Fructus, a crude drug consisting of the dried immature fruits of Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf., is a popular folk medicine used for the treatment of allergy and gastrointestinal disorders in Korea and China. In this study, the anti-adipogenic activity of extracts and isolated compounds were evaluated using 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. METHODS Dried immature fruits were extracted and fractionated into n-hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), n-butanol and water-soluble fractions. The ethanol extract and fractions were tested for anti-adipogenic activity in the 3T3-L1 cell line. The active fractions (n-hexane and EtOAc fractions) were further subjected to chromatographic techniques to isolate and identify active compounds. Furthermore, the isolated compounds were evaluated for their anti-adipogenic activity. RESULTS Altogether, seven compounds, including two flavonoids, one phytosteroid and four coumarin derivatives, were isolated. Ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, EtOAc fraction and three isolated compounds (phellopterin, oxypeucedanin and poncirin) showed significant anti-adipogenic activity as observed by reduced lipid deposition in differentiated 3T3-L1 cells. Further, oxypeucedanin downregulated the key adipogenic markers, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors proteins γ (PPAR-γ), sterol response element binding proteins-1 (SREBP-1), CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins-α (C/EBP-α), adipocyte-specific lipid binding proteins (FABP-4), adipocyte fatty acid binding proteins (aP2), lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and leptin. CONCLUSION This study indicated that the ethanol extract, hexane fraction and ethyl acetate fraction of P. trifoliata fruits possess strong anti-adipogenic activity, containing the active compounds such as phellopterin, oxypeucedanin and poncirin. Further research is recommended to explore their efficacy and safety in animal and clinical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopal Lamichhane
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Korea; (G.L.); (P.R.P.); (R.L.)
| | - Prakash Raj Pandeya
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Korea; (G.L.); (P.R.P.); (R.L.)
| | - Ramakanta Lamichhane
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Korea; (G.L.); (P.R.P.); (R.L.)
| | - Su-jin Rhee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Korea;
| | - Hari Prasad Devkota
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan;
| | - Hyun-Ju Jung
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Korea; (G.L.); (P.R.P.); (R.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-63-850-6814
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Hu X, Liu Z, Lu Y, Chi X, Han K, Wang H, Wang Y, Ma L, Xu B. Glucose metabolism enhancement by 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in high-fat-diet/streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetic mice. Food Funct 2022; 13:9931-9946. [DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03818d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Here, we used high fat diet (HFD) combined with streptozotocin (STZ) injection to establish a diabetes model, with the aim of exploring the hypoglycemic effects of 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA), and...
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Pandeya PR, Lamichhane R, Lamichhane G, Lee KH, Lee HK, Rhee SJ, Jung HJ. 18KHT01, a Potent Anti-Obesity Polyherbal Formulation. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:807081. [PMID: 34975503 PMCID: PMC8719591 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.807081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a life-threatening metabolic disorder necessitating urgent development of safe and effective therapy. Currently, limited such therapeutic measures are available for obesity. The present study was designed to develop a novel, safe and effective herbal therapy for the management of obesity. A polyherbal formulation (18KHT01) was developed by homogeneously mixing a specific proportion of crude Quercus acutissima (acorn jelly powder), Camellia sinensis (dry leaf buds), and Geranium thunbergii (dry aerial part) along with Citrus limon (fruit juice). Synergistic antioxidant, antiadipogenic, and anti-obesity activities were evaluated by in vitro as well as in vivo studies. In vitro experiments revealed strong synergistic antioxidant and anti-adipogenic activities of 18KHT01. Molecular assessment of 18KHT01 showed significant down-regulation of vital adipogenic factors such as PPARγ, C/EBPα, aP2, SREBP-1c, FAS, and LPL. Based on the results of the preliminary toxicity study, 75 and 150 mg/kg, twice daily doses of 18KHT01 were administered to evaluate anti-obesity activity in diet-induced obese (DIO) C57BL/6J mice model. The major obesity-related parameters such as body weight, weight gain, food efficiency ratio, as well as serum lipid profile were significantly reduced by 18KHT01 with potential synergism. Also, the high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance was suggestively alleviated by the formulation, and thus ameliorated fasting blood glucose. Histological evaluation of liver and white adipose tissue revealed that the significant reduction of fat depositions and thus reduction of these tissue weights. Synergy evaluation experiments exhibited that the 18KHT01 offered strong synergism by improving efficacy and reducing the toxicity of its ingredients. Overall results evidenced the 18KHT01 as a safe and potent anti-obesity herbal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Raj Pandeya
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
- Bio-Safety Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Ramakanta Lamichhane
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Gopal Lamichhane
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Hee Lee
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Hyeong Kyu Lee
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Su-jin Rhee
- Department of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Ju Jung
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
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Evaluation of Anti-Obesity Activity of an Herbal Formulation (F2) in DIO Mice Model and Validation of UPLC-DAD Method for Quality Control. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11167404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is considered a chronic metabolic disorder that can be associated with multiple medical complications. Currently, there is no or limited curative therapy for obesity. This study focused on the assessment of anti-obesity activity and UPLC standardization of a polyherbal formulation (F2). An anti-obesity activity was investigated using the diet-induced obese (DIO) mice model, where obesity was developed in C57BL/6J mice by providing a high-fat diet (HFD) for five weeks without treating drugs. After the successful development of obesity, the obese mice were treated with F2 for seven weeks with continuing HFD feeding. The major obesity-related parameters such as body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, serum lipid profile, and white adipose tissue (WAT) mass were found to be significantly reduced in F2 treated obese mice. These results were supported by the down-regulation of specific adipogenic transcription factors (PPARγ, SREBP-1c, and ap2) in epididymal WAT. Histological evaluation of liver and WAT also revealed reduced fat deposition in the tissues by F2 compared to the HFD control group. The overall observations indicated that the F2 exhibited pronounced obesity-controlling activity through the inhibition of adipocyte differentiation and triglyceride accumulation in the tissues, and serum lipid depletion. In addition, F2 ameliorated obesity-induced insulin resistance. Furthermore, the UPLC-DAD method for quality control of F2 was validated and standardized using five reference compounds: astragalin, ellagic acid, fisetin, fustin, and sulfuretin.
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12
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Preparation of Ophthalmic Microemulsions Containing Lithuanian Royal Jelly and Their Biopharmaceutical Evaluation. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9040616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Royal jelly is a natural substance secreted by worker honeybees that possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and other biological activities. The purpose of this study was to formulate microemulsions with incorporated Lithuanian royal jelly for possible ophthalmic delivery and to evaluate the quality of the microemulsions in vitro. The oil in water type microemulsions were prepared by the oil titration method, incorporating royal jelly, surfactant, co-surfactant, oil, and water. Physicochemical characteristics of the microemulsions and the quantity of 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid released in vitro were assessed. The in vitro assessment of prepared microemulsions formulations was performed with the Statens Seruminstitut rabbit cornea (SIRC) cell culture model. The results revealed that the droplet size of all microemulsion formulations was 67.88–124.2 nm and the polydispersity index was lower than 0.180. In the in vitro release study, the release of 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid depended on the amount of royal jelly incorporated and on the ratio of surfactant and co-surfactant in formulations. The in vitro tests with the SIRC cell culture line have shown that all formulations were found non-irritating.
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Efficacy of a Novel Herbal Formulation (F2) on the Management of Obesity: In Vitro and In Vivo Study. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:8854915. [PMID: 33628322 PMCID: PMC7884115 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8854915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Currently, obesity and its comorbidities have become a serious threat to human health necessitating urgent development of safe and effective therapy for their management. Materials and Methods In this research, a novel polyherbal formulation (F2) was prepared by mixing specific proportions of royal jelly and lemon juice with ethanol extracts of Orostachys japonicus, Rhus verniciflua, and Geranium thunbergii. The antioxidant activity was assessed using DPPH and ABTS assay methods. The antiobesity potential of the F2 was assessed in vitro using 3T3-L1 fibroblast and in vivo using a high-fat diet (HFD) fed C57BL/6J mice model. F2 was administered in mice at the dose of 23 mg/kg and 46 mg/kg, twice daily by oral gavage. A well-accepted antiobesity agent, Garcinia cambogia (GC), at 200 mg/kg was used as a positive control. Results F2 was observed to exhibit synergistic antiadipogenic activity in 3T3-L1 cells. This inhibition was reinforced by the downregulation of specific adipogenic transcription factors. Furthermore, F2 was also found to reduce mice body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, fasting blood glucose level, fat deposition into the liver, and mass of white adipose tissue. F2 also played a role in the excretion of fat consumed by the mice. For most of the assays performed, the F2 (46 mg/kg) was comparable to the positive control GC (200 mg/kg). In addition, potential and synergistic antioxidant activity was observed on F2. Conclusion The results revealed that the formulation F2 exhibited potential antiobesity activity through the inhibition of adipocyte differentiation, dietary fat absorption, and reduction of free fatty acids deposition in tissues.
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Irandoost P, Mesri Alamdari N, Saidpour A, Shidfar F, Roshanravan N, Asghari Jafarabadi M, Farsi F, Asghari Hanjani N, Vafa M. The effects of royal jelly and tocotrienol-rich fraction on impaired glycemic control and inflammation through irisin in obese rats. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13493. [PMID: 33020956 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The effects of royal jelly (RJ) and tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) on obesity-induced glucose intolerance and inflammation were assessed in the current study. Regarding irisin as an important adipomyokine that attenuates obesity-induced disorders, we evaluated whether RJ and TRF could exert their metabolism regulatory effects through irisin. Obese rats were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) with or without supplementation of RJ, TRF, or both, for 8 weeks. At the end of the intervention, weight, irisin, glycemic, and inflammatory indices were measured. The weight of the rats did not remarkably reduce in any of the groups. Glucose homeostasis and inflammation were improved when we added RJ and TRF to HFD. RJ elevated irisin concentration, but the effect of TRF on irisin was not noticeable. Our results indicated that, despite the lack of significant weight loss, RJ and TRF promoted healthy obesity. This improvement was mediated by irisin in RJ consuming rats. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Obesity is a public health concern associated with several chronic disorders. The beneficial effects of irisin on obesity-related disorders are well-established. It is the first study assessing the effect of RJ and TRF as functional foods, with pharmacological and nutritional activities on obesity complications, through irisin mediation. Our study demonstrated that RJ exerts its metabolic regulatory effects by irisin as a mediator. Our investigation makes a remarkable contribution to the literature, because it suggests a new mechanism for the anti-obesity properties of RJ and TRF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pardis Irandoost
- Student Research Committee, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naimeh Mesri Alamdari
- Student Research Committee, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atoosa Saidpour
- National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Shidfar
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Roshanravan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi
- Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farnaz Farsi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazanin Asghari Hanjani
- Student Research Committee, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Vafa
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Mesri Alamdari N, Irandoost P, Roshanravan N, Vafa M, Asghari Jafarabadi M, Alipour S, Roshangar L, Alivand M, Farsi F, Shidfar F. Effects of Royal Jelly and Tocotrienol Rich Fraction in obesity treatment of calorie-restricted obese rats: a focus on white fat browning properties and thermogenic capacity. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2020; 17:42. [PMID: 32508963 PMCID: PMC7266117 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-020-00458-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity has reached an alarming rate worldwide. Promoting thermogenesis via increasing the function of brown adipose tissue (BAT) or white adipose tissue (WAT) browning has been proposed as a new protective approach against obesity. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of Royal Jelly (RJ) and tocotrienol rich fraction (TRF) on BAT activation and WAT browning during calorie restriction diet (CRD) in obesity model. Methods In this experimental study, 50 obese Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups and then received one of the following treatments for a period of 8-week: High-fat diet (HFD), CRD, RJ + CRD, TRF + CRD, and RJ + TRF + CRD. Effects of RJ and TRF, individually and in combination on body weight and the expression of key thermoregulatory genes in WAT and BAT were examined by quantitative real-time (qRT-PCR). Also, morphological alterations were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Results RJ (- 67.21 g ±4.84 g) and RJ + TRF (- 73.29 g ±4.51 g) significantly reduced weight gain relative to the CRD group (- 40.70 g ±6.50 g, P < 0.001). In comparison with the CRD group, RJ and RJ + TRF remarkably enhanced the uncoupling protein1 (UCP1) expression in WAT (5.81, 4.72 fold, P < 0.001) and BAT (4.99, 4.75 fold, P < 0.001). The expression of PR domain containing 16(PRDM 16), cAMP response element-binding protein1 (CREB1), P38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (P38MAPK), and Bone morphogenetic protein8B (BMP8B) have significantly increased following RJ and RJ + TRF treatments (P < 0.001). However, the expression levels of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta (CEBPβ) and Bone morphogenetic protein7 ( BMP7) did not remarkably change. Multilocular beige cells in WAT and compacted dense adipocytes were also observed in BAT of RJ and RJ + TRF received groups. TRF showed no substantial effects on the expression of the mentioned thermoregulatory genes and brown fat-like phenotype. Conclusion Our results suggest that, Royal Jelly promotes thermogenesis and browning of WAT, contributing to an increase in energy expenditure. Thus, Royal Jelly may give rise to a novel dietary choice to attenuate obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naimeh Mesri Alamdari
- Department of Nutrition,Student research committee, School of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pardis Irandoost
- Department of Nutrition,Student research committee, School of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Roshanravan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Vafa
- Road Traffic Injury Prevention Research Center, School of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Shahriar Alipour
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Roshangar
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Farnaz Farsi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Shidfar
- Road Traffic Injury Prevention Research Center, School of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Revealing the Common Mechanisms of Scutellarin in Angina Pectoris and Ischemic Stroke Treatment via a Network Pharmacology Approach. Chin J Integr Med 2020; 27:62-69. [PMID: 32447519 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-020-2716-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the shared mechanisms of scutellarin in angina pectoris (AP) and ischemic stroke (IS) treatment. METHODS A network pharmacology approach was used to detect the potential mechanisms of scutellarin in AP and IS treatment by target prediction, protein-protein interaction (PPI) data collection, network construction, network analysis, and enrichment analysis. Furthermore, molecular docking simulation was employed to analyze the interaction between scutellarin and core targets. RESULTS Two networks were established, including a disease-target network and a PPI network of scutellarin targets against AP and IS. Network analysis showed that 14 targets, namely, AKT1, VEGFA, JUN, ALB, MTOR, ESR1, MAPK8, HSP90AA1, NOS3, SERPINE1, FGA, F2, FOXO3, and STAT1, might be the therapeutic targets of scutellarin in AP and IS. Among them, NOS3 and F2 were recognized as the core targets. Additionally, molecular docking simulation confifirmed that scutellarin exhibited a relatively high potential for binding to the active sites of NOS3 and F2. Furthermore, enrichment analysis indicated that scutellarin might exert a therapeutic role in both AP and IS by regulating several important pathways, such as coagulation cascades, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) signaling pathway, forkhead box O (FoxO) signaling pathway, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway, adipocytokine signaling pathway, insulin signaling pathway, insulin resistance, and estrogen signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS The shared underlying mechanisms of scutellarin on AP and IS treatment might be strongly associated with its vasorelaxant, anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative effects as well as its effect on improving lipid metabolism.
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Ao N, Qu Y, Deng Y, Cai Q, Suo T, Zheng Y. Chemical basis of hawthorn processed with honey protecting against myocardial ischaemia. Food Funct 2020; 11:3134-3143. [PMID: 32207479 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo02406a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Hawthorn including many plants from the genus Crataegus (C.) is used for traditional medicines, herbal drugs, and dietary supplements all over the world. In China, C. pinnatifida Bge. var. major N, E. Br, and C. pinnatifida Bge. are two major species that are used as hawthorn. The purpose of this study is to assay the myocardial protection of hawthorn fruit processed with honey (MSZ) and screen the chemical basis of MSZ on this effect. Firstly, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight-mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF-MS) was used to analyze the chemical constituents of the sliced dry fruit of hawthorn (SZ) and MSZ. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to differentiate them. Orthogonal partial least squares-discriminate analysis (OPLS-DA) was applied to screen different compounds between SZ and MSZ, and 32 different compounds were selected. Then a pharmacodynamic test to investigate their protective effect against myocardial ischaemia was carried out. The results demonstrated that the protective effect of MSZ was better than that of SZ on the same dose. Finally, the chemical basis for the protective effect provided by MSZ against myocardial ischaemia was speculated based on correlation analysis. Taken together, all these results suggest that phenylpropanoids, organic acids, tannins, and flavonoids might be the chemical basis of MSZ protecting against myocardial ischaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Ao
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
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Fan P, Han B, Hu H, Wei Q, Zhang X, Meng L, Nie J, Tang X, Tian X, Zhang L, Wang L, Li J. Proteome of thymus and spleen reveals that 10-hydroxydec-2-enoic acid could enhance immunity in mice. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2020; 24:267-279. [PMID: 32077781 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2020.1733529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: 10-hydroxydec-2-enoic acid (10-HDA), a unique component of royal jelly existing only in nature, has the potential to promote human health. Knowledge of 10-HDA in regulating immuno-activity, however, is lacking. The aim of our work is to gain a novel understanding of 10-HDA in promoting immunity.Methods: Immuno-suppressed mice were generated by cyclophosphamide injection, After 10-HDA supplementation to the mice to rescue their immunity, the proteomes of the thymus and spleen were analyzed.Results: The weight of the body, thymus, and spleen in cyclophosphamide-induced mice recovered by 10-HDA indicate its potential role in immuno-organ protection. In the thymus, the enhanced activity of pathways associated with DNA/RNA/protein activities may be critical for T-lymphocyte proliferation/differentiation, and cytotoxicity. In the spleen, the induced pathways involved in DNA/RNA/protein activities, and cell proliferative stimulation suggest their vital role in B-lymphocyte affinity maturation, antigen presentation, and macrophage activity. The up-regulated proteins highly connected in networks modulated by 10-HDA indicate that the mice may evolve tactics to respond to immuno-organ impairment by activating critical physiological processes.Conclusion: Our data constitute a proof-of-concept that 10-HDA is a potential agent to improve immunity in the thymus and spleen and offer a new venue for applying natural products to the therapy for hypoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Fan
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China.,College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Bin Han
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Han Hu
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Qiaohong Wei
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xufeng Zhang
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Lifeng Meng
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jing Nie
- Department of Technology, Hunan SJA Laboratory Animal Co., Ltd, Changsha, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Tang
- Department of Technology, Hunan SJA Laboratory Animal Co., Ltd, Changsha, PR China
| | - Xinyue Tian
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Lu Zhang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Research & Development, Henan Jianda Bio Sci. & Tech. Co., Ltd, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Jianke Li
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
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