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Li Y, Yang W, Yang X, Ma A, Zhang X, Li H, Wu H. Quemeiteng granule relieves goiter by suppressing thyroid microvascular endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis via miR-217-5p-mediated targeting of FGF2-induced regulation of the ERK pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 326:117908. [PMID: 38367931 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Goiters are enlargements of the thyroid gland and are a global public issue. Quemeiteng granule (QMTG) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula used to treat goiter in Yunnan Province. However, the effectiveness and underlying mechanism of these treatments have not been fully elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of QMTG on goiter and the downstream regulatory mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we first evaluated the antigoiter efficacy of QMTG through biochemical indices [body weight, thyroid coefficient, triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)] and hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining in a Propylthiouracil (PTU)-induced model. Based on microRNA sequencing (miRNA-seq) and bioinformatics analysis, key miRNA was screened out. A dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to confirm the transcriptional regulation of the target gene by the miRNA. The viability of rat thyroid microvascular endothelial cells (RTMECs) and human thyroid microvascular endothelial cells (HTMECs) was assessed using the CCK-8 assays. The migration and angiogenesis of RTMECs and HTMECs were visualized through tube formation and wound scratch assays. Proteins involved in angiogenesis and the ERK pathway were assessed via Western blotting. RESULTS QMTG significantly increased body weight, decreased the thyroid coefficient, increased the levels of T3, T4, FT3 and FT4 and reduced TSH levels in rats with goiter. QMTG also promoted the morphological recovery of thyroid follicles. MiR-217-5p was identified as a key miRNA. Our studies revealed that miR-217-5p directly targets FGF2 and that QMTG promotes the recovery of thyroid hormone (TH) levels and morphological changes in the thyroid, suppresses thyroid microvascular endothelial cell vitality, tube formation and migration, and reduces the expression of VEGF, Ang-1 and VCAM-1 triggered by miR-217-5p, thereby inhibiting the Ras/MEK/ERK cascade through FGF2. CONCLUSIONS Our experiments demonstrated that the QMTG had therapeutic effects on goiter. These effects were attributed to the inhibition of ERK pathway-induced proliferation and angiogenesis through the targeting of FGF2 by miR-217-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department and Lab of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wen Yang
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuewei Yang
- Department and Lab of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Aijia Ma
- Department and Lab of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuepeng Zhang
- Department and Lab of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongxia Li
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Wu
- Clinical Pharmacy Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
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Tang X, Li Y, Zhao J, Liang L, Zhang K, Zhang X, Yu H, Du H. Heme oxygenase-1 increases intracellular iron storage and suppresses inflammatory response of macrophages by inhibiting M1 polarization. Metallomics 2023; 15:mfad062. [PMID: 37838477 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfad062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) catalyzes the first and rate-limiting enzymatic step of heme degradation, producing carbon monoxide, biliverdin, and free iron. Most iron is derived from aged erythrocytes by the decomposition of heme, which happened mainly in macrophages. However, the role of HO-1 on iron metabolism and function of macrophage is unclear. The present study investigated the effect of HO-1 on iron metabolism in macrophages, and explored the role of HO-1 on inflammatory response, polarization, and migration of macrophages. HO-1 inducer Hemin or HO-1 inhibitor zinc protoporphyrin was intravenously injected to C57BL/6 J mice every 4 d for 28 d. We found that HO-1 was mainly located in the cytoplasm of splenic macrophages of mice. Activation of HO-1 by Hemin significantly increased iron deposition in the spleen, up-regulated the gene expression of ferritin and ferroportin, and down-regulated gene expression of divalent metal transporter 1 and hepcidin. Induced HO-1 by Hemin treatment increased intracellular iron levels of macrophages, slowed down the absorption of extracellular iron, and accelerated the excretion of intracellular iron. In addition, activation of HO-1 significantly decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and inducible nitric oxide synthase, but increased the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10. Furthermore, activation of HO-1 inhibited macrophages to M1-type polarization, and increased the migration rate of macrophages. This study demonstrated that HO-1 was able to regulate iron metabolism, exert anti-inflammatory effects, and inhibit macrophages polarization to M1 type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyou Tang
- MoE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yunqin Li
- Analysis Center of Agrobiology and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- MoE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Li Liang
- MoE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Kang Zhang
- MoE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310004, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, China
| | - Huahua Du
- MoE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, China
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Sanati M, Afshari AR, Ahmadi SS, Moallem SA, Sahebkar A. Modulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system by phytochemicals: Therapeutic implications in malignancies with an emphasis on brain tumors. Biofactors 2023; 49:782-819. [PMID: 37162294 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Regarding the multimechanistic nature of cancers, current chemo- or radiotherapies often fail to eradicate disease pathology, and frequent relapses or resistance to therapies occur. Brain malignancies, particularly glioblastomas, are difficult-to-treat cancers due to their highly malignant and multidimensional biology. Unfortunately, patients suffering from malignant tumors often experience poor prognoses and short survival periods. Thus far, significant efforts have been conducted to discover novel and more effective modalities. To that end, modulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) has attracted tremendous interest since it affects the homeostasis of proteins critically engaged in various cell functions, for example, cell metabolism, survival, proliferation, and differentiation. With their safe and multimodal actions, phytochemicals are among the promising therapeutic tools capable of turning the operation of various UPS elements. The present review, along with an updated outline of the role of UPS dysregulation in multiple cancers, provided a detailed discussion on the impact of phytochemicals on the UPS function in malignancies, especially brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Sanati
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
- Experimental and Animal Study Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Amir R Afshari
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Seyed Sajad Ahmadi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Khatam-Ol-Anbia Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Adel Moallem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Zahraa University for Women, Karbala, Iraq
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Cardile A, Passarini C, Zanrè V, Fiore A, Menegazzi M. Hyperforin Enhances Heme Oxygenase-1 Expression Triggering Lipid Peroxidation in BRAF-Mutated Melanoma Cells and Hampers the Expression of Pro-Metastatic Markers. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1369. [PMID: 37507910 PMCID: PMC10376533 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperforin (HPF) is an acylphloroglucinol compound found abundantly in Hypericum perforatum extract which exhibits antidepressant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antitumor activities. Our recent study revealed a potent antimelanoma effect of HPF, which hinders melanoma cell proliferation, motility, colony formation, and induces apoptosis. Furthermore, we have identified glutathione peroxidase-4 (GPX-4), a key enzyme involved in cellular protection against iron-induced lipid peroxidation, as one of the molecular targets of HPF. Thus, in three BRAF-mutated melanoma cell lines, we investigated whether iron unbalance and lipid peroxidation may be a part of the molecular mechanisms underlying the antimelanoma activity of HPF. Initially, we focused on heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which catalyzes the heme group into CO, biliverdin, and free iron, and observed that HPF treatment triggered the expression of this inducible enzyme. In order to investigate the mechanism involved in HO-1 induction, we verified that HPF downregulates the BTB and CNC homology 1 (BACH-1) transcription factor, an inhibitor of the heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX-1) gene transcription. Remarkably, we observed a partial recovery of cell viability and an increase in the expression of the phosphorylated and active form of retinoblastoma protein when we suppressed the HMOX-1 gene using HMOX-1 siRNA while HPF was present. This suggests that the HO-1 pathway is involved in the cytostatic effect of HPF in melanoma cells. To explore whether lipid peroxidation is induced, we conducted cytofluorimetric analysis and observed a significant increase in the fluorescence of the BODIPY C-11 probe 48 h after HPF administration in all tested melanoma cell lines. To discover the mechanism by which HPF triggers lipid peroxidation, along with the induction of HO-1, we examined the expression of additional proteins associated with iron homeostasis and lipid peroxidation. After HPF administration, we confirmed the downregulation of GPX-4 and observed low expression levels of SLC7A11, a cystine transporter crucial for the glutathione production, and ferritin, able to sequester free iron. A decreased expression level of these proteins can sensitize cells to lipid peroxidation. On the other hand, HPF treatment resulted in increased expression levels of transferrin, which facilitates iron uptake, and LC3B proteins, a molecular marker of autophagy induction. Indeed, ferritin and GPX-4 have been reported to be digested during autophagy. Altogether, these findings suggest that HPF induced lipid peroxidation likely through iron overloading and decreasing the expression of proteins that protect cells from lipid peroxidation. Finally, we examined the expression levels of proteins associated with melanoma cell invasion and metastatic potential. We observed the decreased expression of CD133, octamer-4, tyrosine-kinase receptor AXL, urokinase plasminogen activator receptor, and metalloproteinase-2 following HPF treatment. These findings provide further support for our previous observations, demonstrating the inhibitory effects of HPF on cell motility and colony formation in soft agar, which are both metastasis-related processes in tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Cardile
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Carlotta Passarini
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Valentina Zanrè
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fiore
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Marta Menegazzi
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
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Kim JH, Han JE, Murthy HN, Kim JY, Kim MJ, Jeong TK, Park SY. Production of Secondary Metabolites from Cell Cultures of Sageretia thea (Osbeck) M.C. Johnst. Using Balloon-Type Bubble Bioreactors. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1390. [PMID: 36987078 PMCID: PMC10054716 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Sageretia thea is used in the preparation of herbal medicine in China and Korea; this plant is rich in various bioactive compounds, including phenolics and flavonoids. The objective of the current study was to enhance the production of phenolic compounds in plant cell suspension cultures of Sageretia thea. Optimum callus was induced from cotyledon explants on MS medium containing 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D; 0.5 mg L-1), naphthalene acetic acid (NAA, 0.5 mg L-1), kinetin (KN; 0.1 mg L-1) and sucrose (30 g L-1). Browning of callus was successfully avoided by using 200 mg L-1 ascorbic acid in the callus cultures. The elicitor effect of methyl jasmonate (MeJA), salicylic acid (SA), and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) was studied in cell suspension cultures, and the addition of 200 µM MeJA was found suitable for elicitation of phenolic accumulation in the cultured cells. Phenolic and flavonoid content and antioxidant activity were determined using 2,2 Diphenyl 1 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethybenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays and results showed that cell cultures possessed highest phenolic and flavonoid content as well as highest DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP activities. Cell suspension cultures were established using 5 L capacity balloon-type bubble bioreactors using 2 L of MS medium 30 g L-1 sucrose and 0.5 mg L-1 2,4-D, 0.5 mg L-1 NAA, and 0.1 mg L-1 KN. The optimum yield of 230.81 g of fresh biomass and 16.48 g of dry biomass was evident after four weeks of cultures. High-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed the cell biomass produced in bioreactors possessed higher concentrations of catechin hydrate, chlorogenic acid, naringenin, and other phenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hye Kim
- Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju-si 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Eun Han
- Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju-si 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Hosakatte Niranjana Murthy
- Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju-si 28644, Republic of Korea
- Department of Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, India
| | - Ja-Young Kim
- Saimdang Cosmetics Co., Ltd., 143, Yangcheongsongdae-gil, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju-si 28118, Republic of Korea (T.-K.J.)
| | - Mi-Jin Kim
- Saimdang Cosmetics Co., Ltd., 143, Yangcheongsongdae-gil, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju-si 28118, Republic of Korea (T.-K.J.)
| | - Taek-Kyu Jeong
- Saimdang Cosmetics Co., Ltd., 143, Yangcheongsongdae-gil, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju-si 28118, Republic of Korea (T.-K.J.)
| | - So-Young Park
- Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju-si 28644, Republic of Korea
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An P, Zhang LJ, Peng W, Chen YY, Liu QP, Luan X, Zhang H. Natural products are an important source for proteasome regulating agents. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 93:153799. [PMID: 34715511 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural medicines have a long history in the prevention and treatment of various diseases in East Asian region, especially in China. Modern research has proved that the pharmacological effects of numerous natural medicines involve the participation of ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS). UPS can degrade the unwanted and damaged proteins widely distributed in the nucleus and cytoplasm of various eukaryotes. PURPOSE The objective of the present study was to review and discuss the regulatory effects of natural products and extracts on proteasome components, which may help to find new proteasome regulators for drug development and clinical applications. METHODS The related information was compiled using the major scientific databases, such as CNKI, Elsevier, ScienceDirect, PubMed, SpringerLink, Wiley Online, and GeenMedical. The keywords "natural product" and "proteasome" were applied to extract the literature. Nature derived extracts, compounds and their derivatives involved in proteasome regulation were included, and the publications related to synthetic proteasome agents were excluded. RESULTS The pharmacological effects of more than 80 natural products and extracts derived from phytomedicines related to the proteasome regulation were reviewed. These natural products were classified according to their chemical properties. We also summarized some laws of action of natural products as proteasome regulators in the treatment of diseases, and listed the action characteristics of the typical natural products. CONCLUSION Natural products derived from nature can induce the degradation of damaged proteins through UPS or act as regulators to directly regulate the activity of proteasome. But few proteasome modulators are applied clinically. Summary of known rules for proteasome modulators will contribute to discover, modify and synthesize more proteasome modulators for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei An
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200, Cailun Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Li-Jun Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200, Cailun Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wei Peng
- School of pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yu-Ying Chen
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200, Cailun Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qiu-Ping Liu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200, Cailun Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xin Luan
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200, Cailun Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Hong Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200, Cailun Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Wang T, Ashrafi A, Modareszadeh P, Deese AR, Chacon Castro MDC, Alemi PS, Zhang L. An Analysis of the Multifaceted Roles of Heme in the Pathogenesis of Cancer and Related Diseases. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4142. [PMID: 34439295 PMCID: PMC8393563 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme is an essential prosthetic group in proteins and enzymes involved in oxygen utilization and metabolism. Heme also plays versatile and fascinating roles in regulating fundamental biological processes, ranging from aerobic respiration to drug metabolism. Increasing experimental and epidemiological data have shown that altered heme homeostasis accelerates the development and progression of common diseases, including various cancers, diabetes, vascular diseases, and Alzheimer's disease. The effects of heme on the pathogenesis of these diseases may be mediated via its action on various cellular signaling and regulatory proteins, as well as its function in cellular bioenergetics, specifically, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Elevated heme levels in cancer cells intensify OXPHOS, leading to higher ATP generation and fueling tumorigenic functions. In contrast, lowered heme levels in neurons may reduce OXPHOS, leading to defects in bioenergetics and causing neurological deficits. Further, heme has been shown to modulate the activities of diverse cellular proteins influencing disease pathogenesis. These include BTB and CNC homology 1 (BACH1), tumor suppressor P53 protein, progesterone receptor membrane component 1 protein (PGRMC1), cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS), soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), and nitric oxide synthases (NOS). This review provides an in-depth analysis of heme function in influencing diverse molecular and cellular processes germane to disease pathogenesis and the modes by which heme modulates the activities of cellular proteins involved in the development of cancer and other common diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Li Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA; (T.W.); (A.A.); (P.M.); (A.R.D.); (M.D.C.C.C.); (P.S.A.)
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Nitti M, Ivaldo C, Traverso N, Furfaro AL. Clinical Significance of Heme Oxygenase 1 in Tumor Progression. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10050789. [PMID: 34067625 PMCID: PMC8155918 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) plays a key role in cell adaptation to stressors through the antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and anti-inflammatory properties of its metabolic products. For these reasons, in cancer cells, HO-1 can favor aggressiveness and resistance to therapies, leading to poor prognosis/outcome. Genetic polymorphisms of HO-1 promoter have been associated with an increased risk of cancer progression and a high degree of therapy failure. Moreover, evidence from cancer biopsies highlights the possible correlation between HO-1 expression, pathological features, and clinical outcome. Indeed, high levels of HO-1 in tumor specimens often correlate with reduced survival rates. Furthermore, HO-1 modulation has been proposed in order to improve the efficacy of antitumor therapies. However, contrasting evidence on the role of HO-1 in tumor biology has been reported. This review focuses on the role of HO-1 as a promising biomarker of cancer progression; understanding the correlation between HO-1 and clinical data might guide the therapeutic choice and improve the outcome of patients in terms of prognosis and life quality.
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MiR-23b-3p functions as a positive factor for osteoporosis progression by targeting CCND1 in MC3T3-E1 cells. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2021; 57:324-331. [PMID: 33564997 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-021-00544-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
MiRNAs have gained tremendous attention as studies have shown that miRNAs play important roles in osteoporosis (OP) progression. This study attempted to explore whether miR-23b-3p is involved in the pathogenesis of OP. We detected the miR-23b-3p and Cyclin D1 (CCND1) expressional patterns in the bone of patients with or without OP relying on the GEO database. β-Glycerophosphate disodium salt and L-ascorbic acid were utilized to stimulate differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. Cell proliferative, apoptotic abilities, and cell cycle distribution were determined by CCK-8 and flow cytometry experiments. TargetScan and dual-luciferase reporter analysis were employed to predict and verify the targets of miR-23b-3p. Western blot was implemented to detect the expression of CCND1, apoptosis-related proteins, and cell osteogenesis-related proteins. ALP activity of MC3T3-E1 cells was measured using ALP kit. MiR-23b-3p was increased in OP specimens. Gain-/loss-of-function analysis indicated that the miR-23b-3p inhibited proliferation and differentiation and promoted apoptosis of MC3T3-E1 cells. The levels of Bax and cleaved caspase-3 were increased while those of Bcl-2 were decreased. ALP activity was reduced, and the levels of ALP, Runx2, Osterix, and OPN were declined in MC3T3-E1 cells relative to control. Further analyses demonstrated that CCND1 was a putative target gene of miR-23b-3p. Moreover, knockdown of CCND1 could reverse the impacts of miR-23b-3p inhibitor in MC3T3-E1 cells. MiR-23b-3p functioned as an O-positive factor through regulating cell cycle, proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation via targeting CCND1.
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Eo HJ, Park GH, Jeong JB. In vitro macrophage activation by Sageretia thea fruits through TLR2/TLR4-dependent activation of MAPK, NF-κB and PI3K/AKT signalling in RAW264.7 cells. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2020.1857339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ji Eo
- Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, Yeongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang Hun Park
- Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, Yeongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Boo Jeong
- Department of Medicinal Plant Resources, Andong National University, Andong, Republic of Korea
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