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Walkiewicz M, Zdun-Ryżewska A, BudziłSki W, Tartas M, Błażek M. Fatigue and the psychological characteristics of medical students. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2023; 36:517-525. [PMID: 37712614 PMCID: PMC10691418 DOI: 10.13075/ijomeh.1896.02116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study examined the relationship between medical student fatigue with psychological variables: emotional intelligence (EI), sense of coherence (SoC) (comprehensibility, manageability, and meaningfulness), quality of life (QoL), stress, and satisfaction with studying medicine. MATERIAL AND METHODS The sample consisted of 566 medical students from the Medical University of Gdańsk, Poland. The instruments used were the Chalder Fatigue Scale, Schutte Self Report Emotional Intelligence Test, Sense of Coherence Questionnaire, and a questionnaire designed by the authors, comprised questions relating to the quality of life, stress levels, and satisfaction with studying medicine. RESULTS The results show that fatigue was negatively related to the ability to use emotions effectively in the management of one's activities (EI), 1 aspect of SoC - a level of comprehensibility, QoL, and satisfaction with studying medicine. Fatigue is positively related to the ability to recognize, understand, and control emotions (EI) and stress connected with studying medicine. CONCLUSIONS The outcomes of the study afford a better understanding of the relation- ship between selected variables in the field of individual differences in the context of fatigue in the medical student population. It may help medical educators and authorities to have a better understanding of the phenomenon of building resilience and increasing abilities to cope with the negative effects of chronic stress such as fatigue in the population of medical students. Early recognition of specific psychological features in medical stu- dents, such as misunderstanding emotions and their perception of environments as unstructured, would make it possible to prepare early support and development programmes. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2023;36(4):517-25.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Walkiewicz
- Medical University of Gdańsk, Department of Psychology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | | | - Małgorzata Tartas
- Medical University of Gdańsk, Department of Psychology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Błażek
- Medical University of Gdańsk, Department of Psychology, Gdańsk, Poland
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Tei S, Fujino J. The educational value of sense of coherence for grief care. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1037637. [PMID: 36420379 PMCID: PMC9676356 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1037637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shisei Tei
- Department of Psychiatry, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Institute of Applied Brain Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan
- School of Human and Social Sciences, Tokyo International University, Saitama, Japan
- *Correspondence: Shisei Tei
| | - Junya Fujino
- Department of Psychiatry, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Medical Institute of Developmental Disabilities Research, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Khan N, van Mook W, Dave S, Ha S, Sagisi J, Davi N, Aftab C, Tiwari S, Hickman M, Gilliar W. Learner perspectives of professionalism: a mixed method systematic review protocol (Preprint). JMIR Res Protoc 2022; 11:e37473. [PMID: 36006688 PMCID: PMC9459844 DOI: 10.2196/37473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Professionalism has come to be associated with competence in medical education, with the habitual and judicious use of communication, knowledge, technical skills, clinical reasoning, emotions, values, and reflection in daily practice for the benefit of the individual and community being served. Recent studies indicate students should have the opportunity to observe the application of knowledge and skills by their mentors to improve patient health and safety. A noticeable detail that needs implementation into the curriculum is the inclusion of student perspectives. This review will explore students’ understanding and experience of professionalism in undergraduate medical education (UME). Objective This paper presents the protocol for a review that aims to develop an integrated synthesis of qualitative and quantitative studies resulting in recommendations for medical school curricula to incorporate the learners’ perspectives in teaching professionalism in UME. Methods We will take an integrated approach to synthesis. Data will be extracted from the included studies, and quantitative data will be “qualitized.” PubMed (Medline), Embase, PsycInfo, and ERIC (Education Resources Information Center) will be searched for studies published in English from 2010 to 2021. Studies will be screened and critically appraised for methodological quality using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool by 2 researchers, with disagreements resolved by a third researcher. Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods studies will be considered. Our population of interest is undergraduate medical students; hence, studies on medical residents and graduate medical students will be excluded. We will consider studies that explore how concepts of professionalism are understood, experienced, and taught in undergraduate medicine and on how medical students understand and develop the identified constructs of professionalism. Results This study is in the screening phase; therefore, no results are available at this time. However, we had initiated the searches, screening, and are currently in the critical appraisal stage. We will commence preparation to clean and convert the data for coding in July 2022, and analysis will be ongoing from the end of July 2022 until submission for publication in November 2022. Conclusions This research will contribute to the student perspectives on professionalism in medical education literature. The findings will aid in the creation of a checklist to guide the development of a curriculum on professionalism in UME. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/37473
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagina Khan
- Department of Osteopathic Medicine, Touro University Nevada, Henderson, NV, United States
- Association of University Teachers of Psychiatry, London, United Kingdom
| | - Walther van Mook
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
- School of Health Professions Education, Faculty of Health, Medicine, and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Maastricht UMC+ Academy, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Subodh Dave
- Department of Osteopathic Medicine, Derbyshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Derbyshire, United Kingdom
- Department of Osteopathic Medicine, University of Bolton, Bolton, United Kingdom
- Royal College of Psychiatrists, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sohyun Ha
- Department of Osteopathic Medicine, Touro University Nevada, Henderson, NV, United States
| | - Joshua Sagisi
- Department of Osteopathic Medicine, Touro University Nevada, Henderson, NV, United States
| | - Nicole Davi
- Department of Osteopathic Medicine, Touro University Nevada, Henderson, NV, United States
| | - Chantel Aftab
- Department of Osteopathic Medicine, Touro University Nevada, Henderson, NV, United States
| | - Sucheta Tiwari
- East London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marie Hickman
- Department of Osteopathic Medicine, Derbyshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Derbyshire, United Kingdom
| | - Wolfgang Gilliar
- Department of Osteopathic Medicine, Touro University Nevada, Henderson, NV, United States
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Erschens R, Loda T, Stuber F, Herrmann-Werner A, Nikendei C, Gashi K, Zipfel S, Junne F. Coping Styles Among High School Graduates Aiming to Study Medicine in Dealing With Depressive and Anxious Symptoms. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:735371. [PMID: 34916968 PMCID: PMC8670305 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.735371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Psychological distress, its associated stressors and resilience factors, and the implications derived for the education and training of medical students and physicians have long been the subject of international studies. The study presented here investigated affective symptoms in association with coping styles in the earliest phase of University medical education: high school graduates aiming to study medicine. Materials and Methods: We conducted a self-report survey at a medical school in Germany among high school graduates who indicated being interested in studying medicine at the university's on-campus recruitment day. The questionnaire included validated instruments for the self-assessment of symptoms of depression (i.e., Patient Health Questionnaire; PHQ-9) and anxiety (i.e., Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7), and participants were also asked to rate functional and dysfunctional behavior-based coping styles for symptoms of depression and anxiety. Additional variables addressed were gender, motivation, interest in studying medicine, and parental employment in medicine. Results: Of 400 high school graduates, 346 (87%) completed the survey. More than 40 (12.5%) and nearly 30 (8.4%) reported relevant symptoms of depression (PHQ-9 sum score ≥10) and anxiety (GAD-7 sum score ≥10), respectively. Among the graduates, young women had higher values for symptoms of depression than young men, and one's interested exclusively in studying human medicine tended to have marginally higher levels of symptoms of depression than ones who were also interested in other subjects. Relevant functional coping styles included seeking social support, relaxing, engaging in sports, listening to or making music, and reading books, whereas relevant dysfunctional coping styles included consuming alcohol, abusing drugs, restrictive eating, watching TV, surfing the Internet, and withdrawing and ruminating. Conclusion: The results clarify the burden and associated resilience factors of premedical high school graduates at the earliest phase of their University education. As such, they reveal ways to address educational and supportive services and support the need for further investigation into factors of success in studying human medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Erschens
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Teresa Loda
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Felicitas Stuber
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anne Herrmann-Werner
- Competence Centre for University Teaching in Medicine, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Faculty of Medicine Eberhard, Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Nikendei
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kaltrina Gashi
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Zipfel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Florian Junne
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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The Relationship between the Sense of Coherence of Dental Hygiene Students in Their Graduation Year and Their View of the Profession and Attitude to Work: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Japan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17249594. [PMID: 33371495 PMCID: PMC7767532 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17249594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The need to make sense of coherence in placement support for student dental hygienists has been shown. On this basis, this study investigated the relationship between the sense of coherence of student dental hygienists and their view of the profession and attitude to work in order to clarify how they perceive their prospects for employment. Methods: The subjects were graduation-year students at all of the dental hygienist training institutions in Japan, and anonymous, self-administered questionnaires were sent to the institutions by post in 2019. The results were analyzed by χ2 tests, as well as one-way analysis of variance and multiple comparisons using Tukey’s test, with the level of significance set at 5%. Results: Of 6270 questionnaires that were returned, 6264 were analyzed. The sense of coherence (SOC) component senses were manageability (F(26,221) = 5306.06, p < 0.01), meaningfulness (F(26,222) = 4373.48, p < 0.01), and comprehensibility (F(26,216) = 3986.12, p < 0.01), with meaningfulness scoring significantly higher than the other two (p < 0.01). Analysis with SOC scores divided into the low, medium, and high groups showed a relationship between the SOC of student dental hygienists and their view of the profession and attitude to work (p < 0.01), such that higher SOC scores were associated with a better view of the profession and a better attitude to work (F(26,225) = 282.18, p < 0.01). Conclusions: The results suggest that education that increases SOC in dental hygienist training programs may positively affect future prospects for student dental hygienists.
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Peña-Sánchez JN, Domagała A, Dubas-Jakóbczyk K, Polak M. A Multidimensional Questionnaire to Measure Career Satisfaction of Physicians: Validation of the Polish Version of the 4CornerSAT. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17031033. [PMID: 32041260 PMCID: PMC7037848 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17031033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To study physicians' satisfaction with a multidimensional approach, the 4CornerSAT questionnaire to measure the career satisfaction of physicians was conceptualized in English and later adapted into Polish. In this study, we aimed to test the reliability and validity of the adapted 4CornerSAT questionnaire in Poland and confirm its the tetra-dimensional structure. In 2018, physicians working in 15 Polish hospitals were invited to participate in a survey that included the Polish 4CornerSAT. We evaluated the questionnaire's reliability by computing Cronbach's alpha coefficients. We also computed a Pearson correlation coefficient between the reported global item of satisfaction and the standardized level of career satisfaction. A confirmatory factorial analysis (CFA) tested the tetra-dimensional structure of the questionnaire in Polish. In total, 1003 physicians participated in this study. The questionnaire's internal consistency and concurrent validity were optimal. In the CFA, good model fit indicators were observed. In conclusion, the Polish version of the 4CornerSAT demonstrated good psychometric properties. The adapted questionnaire has evidence of its validity and reliability in Poland to be used in further studies and to monitor physicians' wellness as a health care system indicator. Our approach to adapt and validate this questionnaire could be replicated in other settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Nicolás Peña-Sánchez
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
- Correspondence: (J.N.P.-S.); (A.D.)
| | - Alicja Domagała
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-531 Krakow, Poland
- Correspondence: (J.N.P.-S.); (A.D.)
| | - Katarzyna Dubas-Jakóbczyk
- Department of Health Economics and Social Security, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-531 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Maciej Polak
- Chair of Epidemiology and Population Studies, Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-531 Krakow, Poland;
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Occupational Burnout Syndrome in Polish Physicians: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16245026. [PMID: 31835554 PMCID: PMC6950131 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16245026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Due to the nature of their work, physicians are exposed to chronic stress. This may potentially lead to the widespread occurrence of occupational burnout syndrome (BS). The aim of this systematic review study was to summarize available published data concerning the prevalence of BS in Polish doctors. The literature search was performed using the following databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and Google Scholar. The last search was performed on September 27th, 2019. Only articles in English or Polish on graduated doctors practicing in Poland were taken into account. All types of original research were considered eligible. However, review articles, book chapters, case reports, case series, conference papers, study protocols and articles in languages other than English and Polish were excluded. There were no restrictions on age, seniority or specialty of study participants. The literature search revealed a total of 21 studies that met the inclusion criteria. The results of individual studies were very diverse, which makes it difficult to draw specific conclusions. However, the problem of burnout among Polish doctors is valid and worth special attention from society, health policy leaders, and doctors themselves. High-quality research is essential to for a better understanding of this topic.
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Tartas M, Walkiewicz M, Budziński W, Majkowicz M, Wójcikiewicz K, Zdun-Ryżewska A. The coping strategies during medical education predict style of success in medical career: a 10-year longitudinal study. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2016; 16:186. [PMID: 27444777 PMCID: PMC4957329 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-016-0706-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The stress associated with the physician's work is generally acknowledged and is related to well-being and life satisfaction. The presented study was designed to extract the role of coping strategies in identifying differentiated styles of success in a medical career during medical education. METHODS The participants were examined when they applied to medical school and each subsequent academic year. The final study took place four years after graduation. The baseline questionnaire measured coping strategies. The follow-up questionnaire consisted of measures of: quality of life, work stress and burnout, satisfaction with medicine as a career, and professional competency. RESULTS Based on coping strategies assessed during admission and preclinical years of medical study, some aspects of success in the participants' future medical career can be predicted. Students who take action and deal directly with a problem, neither accept resignation, nor reduce tension by expressing feelings would most probably resist future burnout. However, despite the fact that they obtain the highest quality of life or earn the highest income they would be, at the same time, the least satisfied with chosen career, as well as being more likely to be characterised by a low level of competence. CONCLUSIONS Assessment of coping strategies at the beginning of medical education could be taken into consideration as an instrument to diagnose a specific trend in physicians' career development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Tartas
- />Faculty of Psychology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Tuwima 15 Street, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Maciej Walkiewicz
- />Faculty of Psychology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Tuwima 15 Street, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Waldemar Budziński
- />Faculty of Psychology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Tuwima 15 Street, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Mikołaj Majkowicz
- />Faculty of Psychology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Tuwima 15 Street, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Agata Zdun-Ryżewska
- />Faculty of Psychology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Tuwima 15 Street, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland
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