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Quinlan-Davidson M, Dixon M, Chinnery G, Hawke LD, Iyer S, Moxness K, Prebeg M, Thabane L, Henderson JL. Youth not engaged in education, employment, or training: a discrete choice experiment of service preferences in Canada. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1402. [PMID: 38797845 PMCID: PMC11129463 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18877-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior research has showed the importance of providing integrated support services to prevent and reduce youth not in education, employment, or training (NEET) related challenges. There is limited evidence on NEET youth's perspectives and preferences for employment, education, and training services. The objective of this study was to identify employment, education and training service preferences of NEET youth. We acknowledge the deficit-based lens associated with the term NEET and use 'upcoming youth' to refer to this population group. METHODS Canadian youth (14-29 years) who reported Upcoming status or at-risk of Upcoming status were recruited to the study. We used a discrete choice experiment (DCE) survey, which included ten attributes with three levels each indicating service characteristics. Sawtooth software was used to design and administer the DCE. Participants also provided demographic information and completed the Global Appraisal of Individual Needs-Short Screener. We analyzed the data using hierarchical Bayesian methods to determine service attribute importance and latent class analyses to identify groups of participants with similar service preferences. RESULTS A total of n=503 youth participated in the study. 51% of participants were 24-29 years of age; 18.7% identified as having Upcoming status; 41.1% were from rural areas; and 36.0% of youth stated that they met basic needs with a little left. Participants strongly preferred services that promoted life skills, mentorship, basic income, and securing a work or educational placement. Three latent classes were identified and included: (i) job and educational services (38.9%), or services that include career counseling and securing a work or educational placement; (ii) mental health and wellness services (34.9%), or services that offer support for mental health and wellness in the workplace and free mental health and substance use services; and (iii) holistic skills building services (26.1%), or services that endorsed skills for school and job success, and life skills. CONCLUSIONS This study identified employment, education, and training service preferences among Upcoming youth. The findings indicate a need to create a service model that supports holistic skills building, mental health and wellness, and long-term school and job opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meaghen Quinlan-Davidson
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 80 Workman Way, Toronto, ON, M6J 1H4, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mahalia Dixon
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 80 Workman Way, Toronto, ON, M6J 1H4, Canada
| | | | - Lisa D Hawke
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 80 Workman Way, Toronto, ON, M6J 1H4, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Srividya Iyer
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Douglas Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Matthew Prebeg
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 80 Workman Way, Toronto, ON, M6J 1H4, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lehana Thabane
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- St Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - J L Henderson
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 80 Workman Way, Toronto, ON, M6J 1H4, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Klymkiw DF, Day DM, Henderson JL, Hawke LD. What do justice-involved youth want from integrated youth services? A conjoint analysis. JOURNAL OF THE CANADIAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY = JOURNAL DE L'ACADEMIE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE DE L'ENFANT ET DE L'ADOLESCENT 2024; 33:18-32. [PMID: 38449724 PMCID: PMC10914151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Background Many youth in the criminal justice system are affected by mental health and/or substance use (MHS) challenges, yet only a minority receive treatment. One way to increase access to MHS care is integrated youth services (IYS), a community-based model of service delivery where youth can access evidence-based treatment for their MHS problems and other wellbeing needs, in one location. However, it is unknown what IYS services justice-involved youth prioritize. Objective This study explored what components of IYS justice-involved youth deem to be the most important in meeting their MHS service needs, in comparison with non-justice-involved youth, by conducting a secondary analysis of data gathered from a larger Ontario-wide study. Method Using a conjoint analysis, n = 55 justice-involved youth, and n = 188 non-justice-involved youth, completed thirteen choice tasks representing different combinations of IYS. Results Both justice-involved and non-justice-involved youth exhibited preferences for a broad range of core health services, including mental health services, substance misuse counseling, medication management, and physical or sexual health services. They also preferred a broad range of additional support services, in addition to fast access to care in a community setting that specializes in mental health services, with the incorporation of e-health services. Justice-involved youth prioritized working with a trained peer support worker to learn life skills and help them with the services they need. The importance of youth playing a leadership role in making decisions within IYS organizations was also a distinguishing preference among justice-involved youth. Conclusions Tailoring IYS to meet the service preferences of justice-involved youth may enhance service utilization, potentially leading to better outcomes for justice-involved youth and their communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deanna F Klymkiw
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario
| | - David M Day
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario
| | - J L Henderson
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Lisa D Hawke
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
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Guo M, Gu M, Gu Y, Zhu J, Huo B, Wang D. The impacts of the combination service model of cardiac rehabilitation on patient outcomes: evidence from a hospital experience. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2023:1-20. [PMID: 36823969 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2023.2180718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
This research is to test whether the combination model (CM) (combining cardiac rehabilitation (CR) with other cardiovascular medical services) impact patients' readmissions, physical and psychological outcomes. We found that CM significantly enhances patients' exercise ability and psychological condition and reduces readmission rates after discharged from the hospital, compared to patients that are admitted to non-CM. Departments' physical resources weaken the impact of CM on patients' physical outcomes and readmission rates while increasing patients' psychological conditions. Human resources strengthen the impact of CM on patients' readmission rates while reducing the impact on patients' physical outcomes. Our results provide empirical evidence for hospital resource constraints puzzle and reallocation. These results provide a possibility of introducing CM as a way to deal with CR implementing challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqiu Guo
- College of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- School of Management, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Minhao Gu
- College of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingchun Gu
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jinyun Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Baofeng Huo
- School of Management, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dongwei Wang
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Marchand K, Turuba R, Katan C, Brasset C, Fogarty O, Tallon C, Fairbank J, Mathias S, Barbic S. Becoming our young people’s case managers: caregivers’ experiences, needs, and ideas for improving opioid use treatments for young people using opioids. Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy 2022; 17:34. [PMID: 35525987 PMCID: PMC9077957 DOI: 10.1186/s13011-022-00466-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence continues to show that young people, ages 15-24, remain at significant risk of harms from non-medical opioid use and opioid use disorder (OUD), with experts calling for widespread implementation of developmentally-appropriate interventions. These recommendations include the involvement of caregivers in the prevention, early intervention, and treatment of young people using opioids. However, little research has investigated caregivers’ experiences supporting young people, leaving critical gaps in understanding this role. The aim of this study is to explore caregivers’ experiences accessing opioid use treatments with young people and their needs and ideas for improving such treatments. Methods This study reports qualitative findings from Phase 1 of the Improving Treatment Together project, a multi-phase, multi-site community-based participatory study broadly aimed at co-designing opioid use treatments to improve the experiences and outcomes of young people using non-medical opioids. During Phase 1, a total of 27 caregivers (parents, guardians) participated in full-day workshops that were conducted in three communities in British Columbia, Canada. Following human-centred co-design methods, caregivers engaged in small and large group discussions of their experiences, needs, and ideas for improving opioid use treatments for young people. Discussions were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and thematically analysed. Results Across communities, caregivers’ main experiences were defined as ‘becoming our young people’s case managers’ and ‘enduring a never-ending rollercoaster’. To improve these experiences, two needs themes were identified – expanding organizational and system-level capacity and wider-spread understanding of opioid use as a health issue. Caregivers brainstormed a total of 378 individual ideas to meet these needs, several of which spanned multiple needs themes. Conclusions Caregivers’ experiences, needs, and ideas reveal critical opportunities for improving the quality of interventions for opioid use among young people. This study represents a substantial contribution to the design and implementation of developmentally-appropriate and family-centred interventions for young people using opioids.
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