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da Rocha AA, Carvalheira J, Gärtner F. α-catenin, β-catenin and P-120-catenin immunoexpression in canine mammary tissues and their relationship with E-cadherin. Res Vet Sci 2020; 130:197-202. [PMID: 32200159 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mammary tumors represent the second most common neoplasia in the canine species, where more than 50% of the cases are classified as malignant. The histological classification is used as a prognostic tool. Cadherins and catenins are responsible for cell adhesion and are intrinsic connected with the process of metastasis. E-cadherin expression in canine mammary tissues have been extensively studied. However, the studies with catenins are still scarce in the canine species. This study evaluated 74 canine mammary tissues by assessing the expression of E-cadherin and α, β and P-120 catenin molecules using the immunohistochemistry technique and their relationship with clinicopathological parameters. Three patterns of expression were identified in this study: membranous, cytoplasmic and both (membranous and cytoplasmic). In benign tumors, more than 80% of the cases had preserved expression and in malignant tumors 20% of the cases had reduced expression. A correlation between E-cadherin and P-120-catenin expression was found as well as a significant relationship between the histological type and the expression of α-catenin in malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Alvarenga da Rocha
- Institute of Biomedical Science Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Júlio Carvalheira
- Institute of Biomedical Science Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Research Centre for Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Fátima Gärtner
- Institute of Biomedical Science Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; i3S, University of Porto, i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
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Harris K, Gelberg HB, Kiupel M, Helfand SC. Immunohistochemical Features of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Feline Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Vet Pathol 2019; 56:826-839. [PMID: 31331247 DOI: 10.1177/0300985819859873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Feline oral squamous cell carcinoma (FOSCC) is an aggressive malignancy with invasive and metastatic behavior. It is poorly responsive to chemotherapy and radiation. Neoplastic epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) portends highly malignant behavior and enhances resistance to therapy. In transitioning to a more malignant phenotype, carcinoma stem cells undergo transformation mediated by expression of proteins, endowing them with mesenchymal properties advantageous to cell survival. The goal of the current study was to identify proteins associated with EMT in FOSCC. This study documents protein expression patterns in 10 FOSCC biopsies and 3 FOSCC cell lines (SCCF1, SCCF2, SCCF3), compatible with an EMT phenotype. As markers of EMT, P-cadherin, N-cadherin, vimentin, nuclear transcription factors Twist and Snail, hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), programmed death ligand 1, and vascular endothelial growth factor D, as well as E-cadherin, were examined using immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. P-cadherin, Twist, HIF-1α, and programmed death ligand 1 were commonly expressed in biopsies and cell lines. N-cadherin, classically associated with EMT, was not highly expressed, and E-cadherin was coexpressed along with proteins characteristic of EMT in all specimens. Production of vascular endothelial growth factor A by cell lines, a process regulated by HIF-1α expression, was suppressed by the small-molecule inhibitor dasatinib. These data are consistent with EMT in FOSCC and shed light on cellular changes that could contribute to the aggressive behavior of FOSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystal Harris
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Howard B Gelberg
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Matti Kiupel
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Stuart C Helfand
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
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Vilhena H, Tvarijonaviciute A, Cerón JJ, Figueira AC, Miranda S, Ribeiro A, Canadas A, Dias-Pereira P, Rubio CP, Franco L, Tecles F, Cabeças R, Pastor J, Silvestre-Ferreira AC. Acute phase proteins and biomarkers of oxidative status in feline spontaneous malignant mammary tumours. Vet Comp Oncol 2019; 17:394-406. [PMID: 31025532 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Acute phase proteins (APP) and biomarkers of oxidative status change in human and canine mammary tumours, however, they have not been studied in feline mammary tumours. The aims of this study were to investigate the APP and antioxidant responses in feline malignant mammary tumours, to evaluate their relation with tumour features, and to assess their prognostic value. Serum amyloid A (SAA), haptoglobin (Hp), albumin, butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), insulin-like growth factor1 (IGF1), paraoxonase1 (PON1), total serum thiols (Thiol), glutathione peroxidase (GPox) and total antioxidant capacity determined by different assays, including trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity assessed by two different methodologies (TEAC1/2), ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), were determined in serum of 50 queens with spontaneous mammary carcinomas and of 12 healthy female cats. At diagnosis, diseased queens presented significantly higher SAA and Hp, and lower albumin, BChE, GPox, TEAC1, TEAC2 and CUPRAC than controls. Different tumour features influenced concentrations of APP and antioxidants. Increases in serum Hp, and decreases in albumin, Thiol and FRAP were significantly associated with neoplastic vascular emboli, metastasis in regional lymph nodes and/or in distant organs. Distant metastasis development during the course of the disease was associated with increases in SAA and TEAC1. At diagnosis, decreased albumin was associated with a longer survival, and BChE <1.15 μmoL/mL.minute was associated with a shorter survival time on multivariate analysis. Feline malignant mammary tumours are associated with an APP response and oxidative stress, and different tumour features influence the inflammatory response and the oxidative damage. Furthermore, some of these analytes proved to have prognostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Vilhena
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Center for Investigation Vasco da Gama (CIVG), Vasco da Gama Universitary School, Coimbra, Portugal.,Baixo Vouga Veterinary Hospital, Águeda, Portugal.,Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Asta Tvarijonaviciute
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis of University of Murcia (Interlab-UMU), University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - José J Cerón
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis of University of Murcia (Interlab-UMU), University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana C Figueira
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Center for Investigation Vasco da Gama (CIVG), Vasco da Gama Universitary School, Coimbra, Portugal.,University Veterinary Hospital of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sónia Miranda
- Baixo Vouga Veterinary Hospital, Águeda, Portugal.,Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana Ribeiro
- Veterinary Policlinic of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana Canadas
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute for the Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, Porto University (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Dias-Pereira
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute for the Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, Porto University (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Camila P Rubio
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis of University of Murcia (Interlab-UMU), University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Lorena Franco
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis of University of Murcia (Interlab-UMU), University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Fernando Tecles
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis of University of Murcia (Interlab-UMU), University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ricardo Cabeças
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Center for Investigation Vasco da Gama (CIVG), Vasco da Gama Universitary School, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Josep Pastor
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana C Silvestre-Ferreira
- Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.,Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
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Adega F, Borges A, Chaves R. Cat Mammary Tumors: Genetic Models for the Human Counterpart. Vet Sci 2016; 3:vetsci3030017. [PMID: 29056725 PMCID: PMC5606576 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci3030017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Revised: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The records are not clear, but Man has been sheltering the cat inside his home for over 12,000 years. The close proximity of this companion animal, however, goes beyond sharing the same roof; it extends to the great similarity found at the cellular and molecular levels. Researchers have found a striking resemblance between subtypes of feline mammary tumors and their human counterparts that goes from the genes to the pathways involved in cancer initiation and progression. Spontaneous cat mammary pre-invasive intraepithelial lesions (hyperplasias and neoplasias) and malignant lesions seem to share a wide repertoire of molecular features with their human counterparts. In the present review, we tried to compile all the genetics aspects published (i.e., chromosomal alterations, critical cancer genes and their expression) regarding cat mammary tumors, which support the cat as a valuable alternative in vitro cell and animal model (i.e., cat mammary cell lines and the spontaneous tumors, respectively), but also to present a critical point of view of some of the issues that really need to be investigated in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filomena Adega
- Laboratory of Cytogenomics and Animal Genomics (CAG), Department of Genetics and Biotechnology (DGB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real 5001-801, Portugal.
- Faculty of Sciences, BioISI-Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, University of Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal.
| | - Ana Borges
- Laboratory of Cytogenomics and Animal Genomics (CAG), Department of Genetics and Biotechnology (DGB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real 5001-801, Portugal.
- Faculty of Sciences, BioISI-Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, University of Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal.
| | - Raquel Chaves
- Laboratory of Cytogenomics and Animal Genomics (CAG), Department of Genetics and Biotechnology (DGB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real 5001-801, Portugal.
- Faculty of Sciences, BioISI-Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, University of Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal.
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