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Sun B, Jia Y, Hong J, Sun Q, Gao S, Hu Y, Zhao N, Zhao R. Sodium Butyrate Ameliorates High-Fat-Diet-Induced Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease through Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor α-Mediated Activation of β Oxidation and Suppression of Inflammation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:7633-7642. [PMID: 29961332 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b01189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) plays a protective role against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Sodium butyrate (NaB) has been shown to alleviate NAFLD, yet whether and how PPARα is involved in the action of NaB remains elusive. In this study, NaB administration alleviated high-fat-diet-induced NAFLD in adult rats, with a decrease of hepatic triglyceride content from 108.18 ± 5.77 to 81.34 ± 7.94 μg/mg ( p < 0.05), which was associated with a significant activation of PPARα. Nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cell (NF-κB)-mediated nucleotide-binding domain-like receptor protein 3 signaling and pro-inflammatory cytokine release were diminished by NaB treatment. NaB-induced PPARα upregulation coincided with a reduced protein content of histone deacetylase 1 and promoted histone H3 acetyl K9 (H3K9Ac) modification on the promoter of PPARα, whereas NaB-induced suppression of inflammation was linked to significantly increased PPARα binding with p-p65. NaB acts as a histone deacetylase inhibitor to upregulate PPARα expression with enhanced H3K9Ac modification on it promoter. NaB-induced PPARα activation stimulates fatty acid β oxidation and inhibits NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathways via protein-protein interaction, thus contributing to amelioration of high-fat-diet-induced NAFLD in adult rats.
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Omer NA, Hu Y, Hu Y, Idriss AA, Abobaker H, Hou Z, Dong H, Zhao R. Dietary betaine activates hepatic VTGII expression in laying hens associated with hypomethylation of GR gene promoter and enhanced GR expression. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2018; 9:2. [PMID: 29375826 PMCID: PMC5773019 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-017-0218-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vitellogenin (VTG) is a precursor of egg yolk proteins synthesized within the liver of oviparous vertebrates. Betaine is an important methyl donor that is reported to improve egg production of laying hens with an unclear mechanism. In the present study, we fed betaine-supplemented diet (0.5%) to laying hens for 4 wk and investigated its effect on VTGII expression in the liver. Results Betaine did not affect chicken weight, but significantly (P < 0.05) increased egg laying rate accompanied with a significant (P < 0.05) increase in hepatic concentration and plasma level of VTGII. Plasma estrogen level did not change, but the hepatic expression of estrogen receptor α (ERα) mRNA was significantly (P < 0.05) up-regulated. Betaine did not affect the protein content of ERα, but significantly (P < 0.05) increased hepatic expression of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) at both mRNA and protein levels. Also, ERα/GR interaction tended to be enhanced in the liver nuclear lysates of betaine-supplemented hens as determined by co-immunoprecipitation. Furthermore, dietary betaine supplementation significantly increased (P < 0.05) the hepatic expression of methyl-transfer enzymes, such as BHMT, GNMT, and DNMT1, which was associated with higher SAM/SAH ratio and hypomethylation of GR promoter regions. Conclusions Betaine activates hepatic VTGII expression in association with modified DNA methylation of GR gene promoter, GR expression and ERα/GR interaction. Activation of hepatic VTGII expression may contribute, at least partly, to improved egg production in betaine-supplemented hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagmeldin A Omer
- 1MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People's Republic of China.,2Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Hu
- 1MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People's Republic of China.,2Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Hu
- 4Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Yangzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Abdulrahman A Idriss
- 1MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People's Republic of China.,2Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People's Republic of China
| | - Halima Abobaker
- 1MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People's Republic of China.,2Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Hou
- 1MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People's Republic of China.,2Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People's Republic of China
| | - Haibo Dong
- 1MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People's Republic of China.,2Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People's Republic of China
| | - Ruqian Zhao
- 1MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People's Republic of China.,2Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing, 210095 People's Republic of China
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Li X, Cong R, Yao W, Jia Y, Li R, Sun Z, Li X, Zhao R. Glucocorticoid receptor is involved in the differential expression of hepatic 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase between barrows and boars at finishing stage. Anim Sci J 2017; 89:158-166. [PMID: 28877400 DOI: 10.1111/asj.12853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The enzyme 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) plays an important role in androstenone metabolism in pig liver, and its defective expression is related to the development of boar taint. Early age castration is a common practice in many countries to avoid boar taint, yet whether and how castration affects porcine hepatic 3β-HSD expression are still poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to compare the expression of 3β-HSD between intact (boars) and castrated (barrows) male pigs, and to explore the potential factors regulating 3β-HSD transcription. Compared to barrows, boars showed worse carcass quality. Boars had significantly higher levels of serum androstenone (P < 0.01), testosterone (P < 0.01) and hepatic cortisol (P < 0.05), which were contrary to significantly lower expression of 3β-HSD messenger RNA (P < 0.01) and protein (P < 0.01) in the liver. Significant differences were detected for the hepatic expression of androgen receptor (AR) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β (C/EBPβ). Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay demonstrated reduced histone H3 acetylation (P < 0.05) but increased glucocorticoid receptor (GR) binding to 3β-HSD gene promoter in boars (P < 0.05). These results indicate that GR binding to 3β-HSD promoter is involved in the differential hepatic 3β-HSD expression between boars and barrows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shannxi, China
| | - Rihua Cong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shannxi, China
| | - Wen Yao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yimin Jia
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Runsheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiyuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xi Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruqian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing, China
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Sun Q, Yang Y, Li X, He B, Jia Y, Zhang N, Zhao R. Folate deprivation modulates the expression of autophagy- and circadian-related genes in HT-22 hippocampal neuron cells through GR-mediated pathway. Steroids 2016; 112:12-9. [PMID: 27133904 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2016.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Folic acid (FA) is an extremely important nutrient for brain formation and development. FA deficiency is highly linked to brain degeneration and age-related diseases, which are also associated with autophagic activities and circadian rhythm in hippocampal neurons. However, little is known how autophagy- and circadian-related genes in hippocampal neurons are regulated under FA deficiency. Here, hippocampal neuroncells (HT-22) were employed to determine the effect of FA deprivation (FD) on the expression of relevant genes and to reveal the potential role of glucocorticoid receptor (GR). FD increased autophagic activities in HT-22 cells, associated with significantly (P<0.05) enhanced GR activation indicated by higher ratio of GR phosphorylation. Out of 17 autophagy-related genes determined, 8 was significantly (P<0.05) up-regulated in FD group, which includes ATG2b, ATG3, ATG4c, ATG5, ATG10, ATG12, ATG13 and ATG14. Meanwhile, 4 out of 7 circadian-related genes detected, Clock, Cry1, Cry2 and Per2, were significantly (P<0.05) up-regulated. The protein content of autophagy markers, LC3A and LC3B, was also increased significantly (P<0.05). ChIP assay showed that FD promoted (P<0.05) GR binding to the promoter sequence of ATG3 and Per2. Moreover, MeDIP analysis demonstrated significant (P<0.05) hypomethylation in the promoter sequence of ATG12, ATG13 and Per2 genes. Together, we speculate that FD increases the transcription of autophagy- and circadian-related genes through, at least partly, GR-mediated pathway. Our results provide a basis for future investigations into the intracellular regulatory network in response to folate deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinwei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Xi Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Bin He
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yimin Jia
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Nana Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Ruqian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
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