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Golizeh M, Nam J, Chatelain E, Jackson Y, Ohlund LB, Rasoolizadeh A, Camargo FV, Mahrouche L, Furtos A, Sleno L, Ndao M. New metabolic signature for Chagas disease reveals sex steroid perturbation in humans and mice. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12380. [PMID: 36590505 PMCID: PMC9800200 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The causative agent of Chagas disease (CD), Trypanosoma cruzi, claims thousands of lives each year. Current diagnostic tools are insufficient to ensure parasitological detection in chronically infected patients has been achieved. A host-derived metabolic signature able to distinguish CD patients from uninfected individuals and assess antiparasitic treatment efficiency is introduced. Serum samples were collected from chronic CD patients, prior to and three years after treatment, and subjected to untargeted metabolomics analysis against demographically matched CD-negative controls. Five metabolites were confirmed by high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry. Several database matches for sex steroids were significantly altered in CD patients. A murine experiment corroborated sex steroid perturbation in T. cruzi-infected mice, particularly in male animals. Proteomics analysis also found increased steroidogenesis in the testes of infected mice. Metabolic alterations identified in this study shed light on the pathogenesis and provide the basis for developing novel assays for the diagnosis and screening of CD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makan Golizeh
- Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Concordia University of Edmonton, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada,National Reference Centre for Parasitology, Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - John Nam
- National Reference Centre for Parasitology, Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health (IDIGH) Program, Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Eric Chatelain
- Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yves Jackson
- Division of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Leanne B. Ohlund
- Chemistry Department, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Center for Excellence in Research on Orphan Diseases – Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Asieh Rasoolizadeh
- National Reference Centre for Parasitology, Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Fabio Vasquez Camargo
- National Reference Centre for Parasitology, Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Louiza Mahrouche
- Chemistry Department, Regional Centre for Mass Spectrometry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alexandra Furtos
- Chemistry Department, Regional Centre for Mass Spectrometry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lekha Sleno
- Chemistry Department, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Center for Excellence in Research on Orphan Diseases – Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Corresponding author.
| | - Momar Ndao
- National Reference Centre for Parasitology, Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health (IDIGH) Program, Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Corresponding author.
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2
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Couto LFM, Heller LM, Zapa DMB, de Moura MI, Costa GL, de Assis Cavalcante AS, Ribeiro NB, Bastos TSA, Ferreira LL, Soares VE, Lino de Souza GR, Cadioli FA, Lopes WDZ. Presence of Trypanosoma vivax DNA in cattle semen and reproductive tissues and related changes in sperm parameters. Vet Parasitol 2022; 309:109761. [PMID: 35843131 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2022.109761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The present work investigated the presence of Trypanosoma vivax in semen and reproductive tissues of experimentally infected cattle and evaluated changes in seminal parameters. Two groups of cattle were established: T01 - experimentally infected with T. vivax (n = 8) and T02 - not experimentally infected with T. vivax (n = 8). After infection, blood (every seven days until 182 days post-infection - DPI), semen (7, 14, 35, 56, 70, 120 and 182 DPI) and reproductive tissue (after euthanasia, 182 DPI) were collected to search for T. vivax using different techniques, including PCR, Woo and Brener. Seminal parameters, including turbulence, motility, concentration, and vigor, were also analyzed. Packed cell volume (PCV) of the animals was determined weekly and weight gain was calculated. The PCR revealed T. vivax DNA in 7/56 semen samples of post-infection T01 cattle. Trypanosoma vivax DNA was detected in the semen of 5/8 animals at 7, 14, 56, 70 and 120 DPI, in the testis of four, and in the epididymis and fat located around the testis of two others. Trypomastigote forms of T. vivax were not found in any semen sample. Sperm of T01 cattle had lower turbulence (p ≤ 0.05) at 7, 14, 35, 56, 120 and 182 DPI, lower vigor (p ≤ 0.05) at 120 DPI and more sperm abnormalities (p ≤ 0.05) than T02. Digital dermatitis was observed among T01 cattle. Animals of T01 had lower PCV values than did those of T02 for most of the evaluations performed and T02 animals gained more weight during the experiment. The results highlight the presence of T. vivax DNA in semen of infected cattle and the importance of this disease for male breeding cattle. Further research is needed to determine whether T. vivax can be sexually transmitted in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luciana Maffini Heller
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Ivete de Moura
- Professor Assistente. Pontifícia Universidade Católica Universidade Católica de Goiás Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Lage Costa
- Professor Assistente. Pontifícia Universidade Católica Universidade Católica de Goiás Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Nathalia Braz Ribeiro
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Lorena Lopes Ferreira
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fabiano Antônio Cadioli
- Departamento de Clínica, Cirurgia e Reprodução Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil; Departamento de Biociências e Tecnologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
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Florentin AS, Garcia Perez HA, Rodrigues CMF, Dubois EF, Monzón CM, Teixeira MMG. Molecular epidemiological insights into Trypanosoma vivax in Argentina: From the endemic Gran Chaco to outbreaks in the Pampas. Transbound Emerg Dis 2021; 69:1364-1374. [PMID: 33835714 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Argentina is a home to millions of beef and dairy cattle and is one of the world's major exporters of meat. In the present study, Trypanosoma vivax was prevalent (2016-2018) in two major livestock farming regions, the Gran Chaco and the Pampas. In the Gran Chaco, 29% and 51% of animals (n = 72, taurine x zebuine crossbreed) were, respectively, positive by TviCATL-PCR and the more sensitive fluorescent fragment length barcoding (FFLB) method. While 18.4/38.8% of breeding cows (n = 49) tested positive by PCR/FFLB, infection increased to 52.2/78.3% in an outbreak of acute infection in steers (n = 23, taurine breed) brought from a non-endemic area. In the Pampas, overall infection rates in dairy cows (n = 54, taurine breed) were comparable (p > .01) between PCR (66.7%) and FFLB (62.9%) and showed a remarkable increase (PCR / FFLB) from 48.3/44.8% in 2017 to 88/84% in 2018. Infected dairy cattle exhibited anaemia, fever, anorexia, enlarged lymph nodes, emaciation and neurological signs. In contrast, beef cows (taurine x zebuine crossbreed) from the Pampas (n = 30) were asymptomatic despite exhibiting 16.7% (PCR) and 53.3% (FFLB) infection rates. Microsatellite genotyping revealed a remarkable microheterogeneity, seven genotypes in the Gran Chaco, nine in the Pampas and five shared between both regions, consistent with regular movement of T. vivax infected livestock. Data gathered in our study support the Gran Chaco being an endemic area for T. vivax, whereas the Pampas emerged as an outbreak area of acute infection in dairy cattle with critical negative impact in milk production. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first molecular study of T. vivax in Argentina, and results indicated the need for preventive measures to control T. vivax spread from the Gran Chaco to vast livestock farming areas across Argentina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea S Florentin
- Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Formosa, Formosa, Argentina.,Universidad Nacional de Formosa, Formosa, Argentina
| | - Herakles A Garcia Perez
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla M F Rodrigues
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eugenio F Dubois
- Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Formosa, Formosa, Argentina
| | - Carlos M Monzón
- Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Formosa, Formosa, Argentina.,Universidad Nacional de Formosa, Formosa, Argentina
| | - Marta M G Teixeira
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Fetene E, Leta S, Regassa F, Büscher P. Global distribution, host range and prevalence of Trypanosoma vivax: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Parasit Vectors 2021; 14:80. [PMID: 33494807 PMCID: PMC7830052 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-04584-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trypanosomosis caused by Trypanosoma vivax is one of the diseases threatening the health and productivity of livestock in Africa and Latin America. Trypanosoma vivax is mainly transmitted by tsetse flies; however, the parasite has also acquired the ability to be transmitted mechanically by hematophagous dipterans. Understanding its distribution, host range and prevalence is a key step in local and global efforts to control the disease. METHODS The study was conducted according to the methodological recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist. A systematic literature search was conducted on three search engines, namely PubMed, Scopus and CAB Direct, to identify all publications reporting natural infection of T. vivax across the world. All the three search engines were screened using the search term Trypanosoma vivax without time and language restrictions. Publications on T. vivax that met our inclusion criteria were considered for systematic review and meta-analysis. RESULT The study provides a global database of T. vivax, consisting of 899 records from 245 peer-reviewed articles in 41 countries. A total of 232, 6277 tests were performed on 97 different mammalian hosts, including a wide range of wild animals. Natural infections of T. vivax were recorded in 39 different African and Latin American countries and 47 mammalian host species. All the 245 articles were included into the qualitative analysis, while information from 186 cross-sectional studies was used in the quantitative analysis mainly to estimate the pooled prevalence. Pooled prevalence estimates of T. vivax in domestic buffalo, cattle, dog, dromedary camel, equine, pig, small ruminant and wild animals were 30.6%, 6.4%, 2.6%, 8.4%, 3.7%, 5.5%, 3.8% and 12.9%, respectively. Stratified according to the diagnostic method, the highest pooled prevalences were found with serological techniques in domesticated buffalo (57.6%) followed by equine (50.0%) and wild animals (49.3%). CONCLUSION The study provides a comprehensive dataset on the geographical distribution and host range of T. vivax and demonstrates the potential of this parasite to invade other countries out of Africa and Latin America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyerusalem Fetene
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P. O. Box 34, Bishoftu, Ethiopia
| | - Samson Leta
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P. O. Box 34, Bishoftu, Ethiopia.
| | - Fikru Regassa
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P. O. Box 34, Bishoftu, Ethiopia.,FDRE Ministry of Agriculture, P.O.Box 62347/3735, Addia Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Philippe Büscher
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nationalestraat 155, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium
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Arias-Hernández D, Flores-Pérez FI, Domínguez-Roldan R, Báez-Saldaña A, Carreon RA, García-Jiménez S, Hallal-Calleros C. Influence of the interaction between cysticercosis and obesity on rabbit behavior and productive parameters. Vet Parasitol 2019; 276:108964. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2019.108964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Batista JS, Moura GHF, Lopes FC, Paiva KARD, Araújo Júnior HND, Góis RCDS, Costa KMDFM, Coelho WAC, Freitas CIA. Risk factors for trypanosomiasis by Trypanosoma vivax in cattle raised in Rio Grande do Norte state. ARQUIVOS DO INSTITUTO BIOLÓGICO 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1808-1657000232016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of anti Trypanosoma vivax antibodies and the possible risk factors associated with the infection in cattle in Rio Grande do Norte, Northeastern Brazil, through a cross-sectional epidemiological study, with non-probabilistic convenience sampling. A total of 467 cattle’s serum samples were analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence. Forty-two samples tested positive for Trypanosoma vivax IgG antibodies, corresponding to the prevalence of 9%. Risk factors influencing the occurrence of trypanosomiasis were milk exploration, raising of European breeds, productivity category: lactation cow, purchase of new cattle, foraging habits near ponds and rivers, and the presence of mechanical vectors. So, high prevalence in beef animals (59.5%), females (95.2%), European breed (88.1%), lactating cows (85.7%), pasture at banks of dams and rivers (95.2%), in addition to the presence of mechanical vectors (81%) and acquisition of animals (88.1%), indicates the expansion of trypanosomiasis in Northeastern semi-arid region, and the information obtained may explain the epidemiological factors that determine the occurrence of trypanosomiasis by T. vivax in this region.
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Bezerra NM, Moura GHF, de Araújo HN, Bezerra FSB, de Paiva KAR, de Freitas Mendonça Costa KM, Costa WP, Medeiros DAS, Batista JS. Detection of Trypanosoma vivax DNA in semen from experimentally infected goats. Vet Res Commun 2018; 42:131-135. [PMID: 29464589 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-018-9715-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The present work aimed to investigate the presence of T. vivax DNA in the semen of experimentally infected goats. Twelve male goats native to the Brazilian Northeast, adults, were randomly assigned to two experimental groups: the infected group consisting of six goats infected intravenously with 0.5 mL of blood containing approximately 1.25 × 105 trypomastigotes of T. vivax, and a control group composed of six uninfected goats. After the infection, clinical examinations aiming to evaluate rectal temperature, parasitemia and hematocrit were performed. Semen samples were collected from goats by electroejaculation on the 7th, 14th and 21st days post-infection (dpi). The recombinant DNA-encoding gene encoding the L-like-specific gene for T. vivax. The infection was characterized by increased rectal temperature, high parasitemia and significant reduction of hematocrit values. Results for T. vivax DNA detection using TviCatL-PCR were positive in all semen samples from the infected group collected on 7th, 14th and 21st dpi. The presence of T. vivax DNA in 7th dpi suggests the early invasion of the parasite in the reproductive organs. Also, the finding of T. vivax DNA in all periods analyzed may suggest the continued elimination of the parasite in the semen, which may increase the chances of sexual transmission. Thus, T. vivax DNA is recorded for the first time in the semen of infected goats. Thus, these data are of great importance, since the detection of the T. vivax genetic material in the semen may point to the possibility that the parasite may be transmitted through the sexual pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Morais Bezerra
- Center for Agrarian Sciences, Federal Rural of the Semi-Arid University, Street Francisco Mota, 572, CEP 59625-900, Mossoro, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Hémylin Ferreira Moura
- Center for Agrarian Sciences, Federal Rural of the Semi-Arid University, Street Francisco Mota, 572, CEP 59625-900, Mossoro, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Hélio Noberto de Araújo
- Center for Agrarian Sciences, Federal Rural of the Semi-Arid University, Street Francisco Mota, 572, CEP 59625-900, Mossoro, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
| | - Francisco Silvestre Brilhante Bezerra
- Center for Agrarian Sciences, Federal Rural of the Semi-Arid University, Street Francisco Mota, 572, CEP 59625-900, Mossoro, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Kaliane Alessandra Rodrigues de Paiva
- Center for Agrarian Sciences, Federal Rural of the Semi-Arid University, Street Francisco Mota, 572, CEP 59625-900, Mossoro, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | | | - Wirton Peixoto Costa
- Center for Agrarian Sciences, Federal Rural of the Semi-Arid University, Street Francisco Mota, 572, CEP 59625-900, Mossoro, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Dayse Ariane Soares Medeiros
- Center for Agrarian Sciences, Federal Rural of the Semi-Arid University, Street Francisco Mota, 572, CEP 59625-900, Mossoro, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Jael Soares Batista
- Center for Agrarian Sciences, Federal Rural of the Semi-Arid University, Street Francisco Mota, 572, CEP 59625-900, Mossoro, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
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Bassi PB, de Araújo FF, Garcia GC, Vinícius da Silva M, Oliveira CJF, Bittar ER, de Souza Gomes M, Rodrigues do Amaral L, Costa E Silva MF, Nascentes GAN, Rodrigues Junior V, Martins-Filho OA, Araújo MSS, Bittar JFF. Parasitological and immunological evaluation of cattle experimentally infected with Trypanosoma vivax. Exp Parasitol 2018; 185:98-106. [PMID: 29309784 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Trypanosoma vivax infection causes relevant economical impact due to high morbidity and mortality leading to negative impact on local livestock. Despite parasitological and serological methods are used for the diagnosis of T. vivax infection, gaps regarding sensitivity and specificity of these methods still represent a challenge. The present study aimed to compare the kinetics of parasitological and serological parameters in cattle experimentally infected with T. vivax along with immunophenotypic analysis of whole blood leukocytes. Based on the parasitemia profile the analysis were performed in three distinct periods, referred as pre-patent, patent and post-treatment. Distinct kinetics of anti-T. vivax IgM and IgG were observed during the pre-patent, patent and post-treatment periods. Increased levels of WC1+ γδ T-cells were observed throughout the infection with strong correlations with other biomarkers observed during post-treatment period. Our findings demonstrated that there is a important participation of Monocytes:CD14+; NK-cells:CD335+ and WC1+ γδ T-cells that coincide with the peak of parasitemia and also with the adaptive immunity, specially CD4+ T-cells in T. vivax infection. The knowledge of the immune response is important not only for understanding the biology of the parasite in the host, but for the design of new treatment strategies for trypanosome infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Boeira Bassi
- Universidade de Uberaba (UNIUBE), Medicina Veterinária, Mestrado em Sanidade e Produção Animal nos Trópicos - Avenida Nenê Sabino 1697/1698, 38055-500, Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda Fortes de Araújo
- Universidade de Uberaba (UNIUBE), Medicina Veterinária, Mestrado em Sanidade e Produção Animal nos Trópicos - Avenida Nenê Sabino 1697/1698, 38055-500, Uberaba, MG, Brazil; Grupo Integrado de Pesquisa em Biomarcadores, Instituto René Rachou - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Avenida Augusto de Lima nº 1715, 30190-009, Barro Preto, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Guilherme Caetano Garcia
- Universidade de Uberaba (UNIUBE), Medicina Veterinária, Mestrado em Sanidade e Produção Animal nos Trópicos - Avenida Nenê Sabino 1697/1698, 38055-500, Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
| | - Marcos Vinícius da Silva
- Laboratorio de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas e Natural, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, 38015-050, MG, Brazil.
| | - Carlo José Freire Oliveira
- Laboratorio de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas e Natural, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, 38015-050, MG, Brazil.
| | - Eustáquio Resende Bittar
- Universidade de Uberaba (UNIUBE), Medicina Veterinária, Mestrado em Sanidade e Produção Animal nos Trópicos - Avenida Nenê Sabino 1697/1698, 38055-500, Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
| | - Matheus de Souza Gomes
- Laboratório de Bioinformática e Análises Moleculares, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, INGEB/FACOM, Campus Patos de Minas, 38700-900, Patos de Minas, MG, Brazil.
| | - Laurence Rodrigues do Amaral
- Laboratório de Bioinformática e Análises Moleculares, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, INGEB/FACOM, Campus Patos de Minas, 38700-900, Patos de Minas, MG, Brazil.
| | - Matheus Fernandes Costa E Silva
- Universidade de Uberaba (UNIUBE), Medicina Veterinária, Mestrado em Sanidade e Produção Animal nos Trópicos - Avenida Nenê Sabino 1697/1698, 38055-500, Uberaba, MG, Brazil; Grupo Integrado de Pesquisa em Biomarcadores, Instituto René Rachou - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Avenida Augusto de Lima nº 1715, 30190-009, Barro Preto, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Gabriel Antônio Nogueira Nascentes
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Triângulo Mineiro, Campus Uberaba, 38064-790, Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
| | - Virmondes Rodrigues Junior
- Laboratorio de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas e Natural, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, 38015-050, MG, Brazil.
| | - Olindo Assis Martins-Filho
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisa em Biomarcadores, Instituto René Rachou - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Avenida Augusto de Lima nº 1715, 30190-009, Barro Preto, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Márcio Sobreira Silva Araújo
- Universidade de Uberaba (UNIUBE), Medicina Veterinária, Mestrado em Sanidade e Produção Animal nos Trópicos - Avenida Nenê Sabino 1697/1698, 38055-500, Uberaba, MG, Brazil; Grupo Integrado de Pesquisa em Biomarcadores, Instituto René Rachou - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Avenida Augusto de Lima nº 1715, 30190-009, Barro Preto, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Joely Ferreira Figueiredo Bittar
- Universidade de Uberaba (UNIUBE), Medicina Veterinária, Mestrado em Sanidade e Produção Animal nos Trópicos - Avenida Nenê Sabino 1697/1698, 38055-500, Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
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Reproductive failures associated with Trypanosoma (Duttonella) vivax. Vet Parasitol 2016; 229:54-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2016.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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