1
|
Cai E, Wu R, Wu Y, Gao Y, Zhu Y, Li J. A systematic review and meta-analysis on the current status of anthelmintic resistance in equine nematodes: A global perspective. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2024; 257:111600. [PMID: 38030084 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2023.111600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The intensive application of anthelmintics in equine has led to considerable resistance in cyathostomins and Parascaris equorum. It has been well documented that benzimidazole (BZ) and pyrantel resistance is widespread in cyathostomins and Parascaris equorum. Since no new classes of anthelmintic have been introduced in the last 40 years, it is critical to be aware of the current risk factors of anthelmintic application to avoid further resistance. OBJECTIVE To review the factors affecting the level of anthelmintics resistance in equine around the world, type of anthelmintics, mode of application, dosage, nematode species, and location of anthelmintics application were evaluated and summarized. DESIGN/PROCEDURE A systematic review and meta-analyses following the PRISMA Framework were conducted to identify, evaluate, and synthesize primary literature reporting the efficacy of anthelmintic drugs in equines. Information on the bibliographic data, anthelmintic drugs, animals, continents, parasite genera, type of anthelmintics, and dosage was collected. Nonparametric tests (Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney) were used in SPSS (v.27) to investigate the association between variables. Factors that have a significant impact on efficacy have been subjected to binary logistic regression. Six meta-analyses were conducted in Microsoft Excel (2021) to qualify current resistance issues of the three major anthelmintics classes. RESULTS The final database was composed of 60 articles published between 1994 and 2022 with a total of 11835 animals. Anthelmintic class as well as anthelmintic active principle selection did have a significant effect on resistance (P < 0.01), whilst no correlation of the type of anthelmintics, mode of application, and dosage with efficacy were found. Anthelmintics resistance in ascarid was significantly more severe than in strongyle (P < 0.01). Macrocyclic lactone (ML) class and the benzimidazole and probenzimidazole (BP) class have the lowest efficacy against ascarid and strongyle, respectively (67.83% and 69.85%). The effect of location (by continent) also had a significant influence on the resistance of the ML class (P < 0.01). The resistance of the BP class which is the most prevalently applied was demonstrated in all six continents. Binary logistic regression revealed that parasite genera and drug class independently influenced the presence of drug resistance. The forest plots included in this study did not show a significant difference over time. CONCLUSION Current evidence indicated that anthelmintics resistance of ML and BP class were common in ascarid and strongyle. A combination of anthelmintics may reduce anthelmintics resistance, but multi-drug resistance may be a concern. Customerised anthelmintics strategy could help reduce resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enjia Cai
- Equine Clinical Diagnostic Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Rongzheng Wu
- Equine Clinical Diagnostic Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuhong Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States
| | - Yu Gao
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation, Hannover D-30559, Germany
| | - Yiping Zhu
- Equine Clinical Diagnostic Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Jing Li
- Equine Clinical Diagnostic Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Grau-Pujol B, Gandasegui J, Escola V, Marti-Soler H, Cambra-Pellejà M, Demontis M, Brienen EAT, Jamine JC, Muchisse O, Cossa A, Sacoor C, Cano J, Van Lieshout L, Martinez-Valladares M, Muñoz J. Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Beta-Tubulin Gene and Its Relationship with Treatment Response to Albendazole in Human Soil-Transmitted Helminths in Southern Mozambique. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2022; 107:tpmd210948. [PMID: 35895348 PMCID: PMC9490645 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.21-0948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) cornerstone control strategy is mass drug administration (MDA) with benzimidazoles. However, MDA might contribute to selection pressure for anthelmintic resistance, as occurred in livestock. The aim of this study is to evaluate the treatment response to albendazole and the relationship with the presence of putative benzimidazole resistance single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the β-tubulin gene of STH in Southern Mozambique. After screening 819 participants, we conducted a cohort study with 184 participants infected with STH in Manhiça district, Southern Mozambique. A pretreatment and a posttreatment stool samples were collected and the STH infection was identified by duplicate Kato-Katz and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Cure rate and egg reduction rates were calculated. Putative benzimidazole resistance SNPs (F167Y, F200T, and E198A) in Trichuris trichiura and Necator americanus were assessed by pyrosequencing. Cure rates by duplicate Kato-Katz and by qPCR were 95.8% and 93.6% for Ascaris lumbricoides, 28% and 7.8% for T. trichiura, and 88.9% and 56.7% for N. americanus. Egg reduction rate by duplicate Kato-Katz was 85.4% for A. lumbricoides, 34.9% for T. trichiura, and 40.5% for N. americanus. Putative benzimidazole resistance SNPs in the β-tubulin gene were detected in T. trichiura (23%) and N. americanus (21%) infected participants at pretreatment. No statistical difference was observed between pretreatment and posttreatment frequencies for none of the SNPs. Although treatment response to albendazole was low, particularly in T. trichiura, the putative benzimidazole resistance SNPs were not higher after treatment in the population studied. New insights are needed for a better understanding and monitoring of human anthelmintic resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Berta Grau-Pujol
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Clínic – University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
- Mundo Sano Foundation, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Javier Gandasegui
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-Universidad de León), Grulleros, León, Spain
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana, León, Spain
| | - Valdemiro Escola
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Helena Marti-Soler
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Clínic – University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Cambra-Pellejà
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-Universidad de León), Grulleros, León, Spain
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana, León, Spain
| | - Maria Demontis
- Department of Parasitology, Centre of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Eric A. T. Brienen
- Department of Parasitology, Centre of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Osvaldo Muchisse
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Anelsio Cossa
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Charfudin Sacoor
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Jorge Cano
- Expanded Special Project for Elimination of NTDs, World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville, The Republic of the Congo
| | - Lisette Van Lieshout
- Department of Parasitology, Centre of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Martinez-Valladares
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-Universidad de León), Grulleros, León, Spain
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana, León, Spain
| | - Jose Muñoz
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Clínic – University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
George S, Suwondo P, Akorli J, Otchere J, Harrison LM, Bilguvar K, Knight JR, Humphries D, Wilson MD, Caccone A, Cappello M. Application of multiplex amplicon deep-sequencing (MAD-seq) to screen for putative drug resistance markers in the Necator americanus isotype-1 β-tubulin gene. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11459. [PMID: 35794459 PMCID: PMC9259660 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15718-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Global control of hookworm infections relies on periodic Mass Drug Administration of benzimidazole drugs to high-risk groups, regardless of infection status. Mutations in the isotype-1 β-tubulin gene have been identified in veterinary nematodes, resulting in structural changes and reduced drug-binding. In Ghana, previous studies have demonstrated significant variability in albendazole effectiveness among people infected with the hookworm Necator americanus, although the mechanisms underlying deworming response have not been defined. Using hookworm egg samples from a cross-sectional study in Ghana, we developed a multiplex amplicon deep sequencing (MAD-seq) method to screen genomic regions encapsulating putative drug-resistance markers in N. americanus isotype-1 β-tubulin gene. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) corresponding to resistance-associated mutations (F167Y, E198A, F200Y) within the coding region of the isotype-1 β-tubulin gene were characterized using MAD-seq in 30 matched pre- and post-treatment samples from individuals with persistent infection following therapy. Post-sequence analysis showed that the highest mean alternative nucleotide allele at each PCR amplicon was 0.034% (167amplicon) and 0.025% (198/200amplicon), suggesting minimal allelic variation. No samples contained the F167Y SNP, while one contained low-frequency reads associated with E198A (3.15%) and F200Y (3.13%). This MAD-seq method provides a highly sensitive tool to monitor the three putative benzimidazole resistance markers at individual and community levels. Further work is required to understand the association of these polymorphisms to treatment response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Santosh George
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
| | - Peter Suwondo
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Jewelna Akorli
- Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Joseph Otchere
- Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Lisa M Harrison
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Kaya Bilguvar
- Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - James R Knight
- Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Debbie Humphries
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Michael D Wilson
- Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Adalgisa Caccone
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Michael Cappello
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Absence of Polymorphisms in Codons 167, 198 and 200 of All Seven β-tubulin Isotypes of Benzimidazole Susceptible and Resistant Parascaris spp. Specimens from Australia. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11050490. [PMID: 35631011 PMCID: PMC9143322 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11050490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzimidazoles resistance is widespread in strongyle parasitic nematodes and associated with polym orphisms in the codons 167, 198 and 200 of isotype 1 β-tubulin (tbb-1). In ascarids, benzimidazole (BZ) resistance has rarely been reported and in none of these cases were any of these polymorphisms detected. Here, available genome and transcriptome data from WormBase ParaSite were used to compare the complete β-tubulin reservoirs of Parascaris univalens, Ascaris suum and Ascaris lumbricoides. Adult Parascaris spp. specimens collected in Australia from horses after BZ treatment (susceptible, n = 13) or surviving BZ treatment and collected after ivermectin treatment (resistant, n = 10) were genotyped regarding codons 167, 198 and 200 using Sanger sequencing. Phylogenetic analyses clearly showed that there are no one-to-one ascarid orthologs of strongyle tbb-1 genes. In the reference genomes, as well as phenotypically susceptible and resistant Parascaris spp. from Australia, six out of seven β-tubulin genes showed a BZ-susceptible genotype (F167, E198, F200). The only exception were the testis-specific β-tubulin D genes from all three ascarid species that encode tyrosine at codon 200. This was observed independently of the BZ-susceptibility phenotype of Parascaris spp. These data suggest that different mechanisms lead to BZ resistance in ascarid and strongyle nematodes.
Collapse
|
5
|
Gandasegui J, Grau-Pujol B, Cambra-Pelleja M, Escola V, Demontis MA, Cossa A, Jamine JC, Balaña-Fouce R, van Lieshout L, Muñoz J, Martínez-Valladares M. Improving stool sample processing and pyrosequencing for quantifying benzimidazole resistance alleles in Trichuris trichiura and Necator americanus pooled eggs. Parasit Vectors 2021; 14:490. [PMID: 34563247 PMCID: PMC8466976 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-04941-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an urgent need for an extensive evaluation of benzimidazole efficacy in humans. In veterinary science, benzimidazole resistance has been mainly associated with three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the isotype-1 β-tubulin gene. In this study, we optimized the stool sample processing methodology and resistance allele frequency assessment in Trichuris trichiura and Necator americanus anthelmintic-related SNPs by pyrosequencing, and standardized it for large-scale benzimidazole efficacy screening use. METHODS Three different protocols for stool sample processing were compared in 19 T. trichiura-positive samples: fresh stool, egg concentration using metallic sieves with decreasing pore size, and egg concentration followed by flotation with saturated salt solution. Yield of each protocol was assessed by estimating the load of parasite DNA by real-time PCR. Then, we sequenced a DNA fragment of the β-tubulin gene containing the putative benzimidazole resistance SNPs in T. trichiura and N. americanus. Afterwards, resistant and susceptible-type plasmids were produced and mixed at different proportions, simulating different resistance levels. These mixtures were used to compare previously described pyrosequencing assays with processes newly designed by our own group. Once the stool sample processing and the pyrosequencing methodology was defined, the utility of the protocols was assessed by measuring the frequencies of putative resistance SNPs in 15 T. trichiura- and 15 N. americanus-positive stool samples. RESULTS The highest DNA load was provided by egg concentration using metallic sieves with decreasing pore size. Sequencing information of the β-tubulin gene in Mozambican specimens was highly similar to the sequences previously reported, for T. trichiura and N. americanus, despite the origin of the sample. When we compared pyrosequencing assays using plasmids constructs, primers designed in this study provided the most accurate SNP frequencies. When pooled egg samples were analysed, none of resistant SNPs were observed in T. trichiura, whereas 17% of the resistant SNPs at codon 198 were found in one N. americanus sample. CONCLUSIONS We optimized the sample processing methodology and standardized pyrosequencing in soil-transmitted helminth (STH) pooled eggs. These protocols could be used in STH large-scale screenings or anthelmintic efficacy trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Gandasegui
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-Universidad de León), Grulleros, León, Spain.,Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana, León, Spain
| | - Berta Grau-Pujol
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigação Em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique.,Fundación Mundo Sano, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Cambra-Pelleja
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-Universidad de León), Grulleros, León, Spain.,Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana, León, Spain
| | - Valdemiro Escola
- Centro de Investigação Em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | | | - Anelsio Cossa
- Centro de Investigação Em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | | | | | - Lisette van Lieshout
- Departement of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - José Muñoz
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Martínez-Valladares
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-Universidad de León), Grulleros, León, Spain. .,Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana, León, Spain.
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Molecular evidence on the emergence of benzimidazole resistance SNPs in field isolates of Marshallagia marshalli (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae) in sheep. J Parasit Dis 2020; 45:435-440. [PMID: 34295042 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-020-01319-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The infection with members of the Trichostrongylid nematodes has been frequently reported from sheep and goats. Because of the widespread use of Benzimidazoles (BZs), the resistance suspected to occur in some worms populations. In this study, we focused on the prevalent nematode, Marshallagia marshalli, from the abomasa of sheep. Samples were obtained from at least 10 infected farms and diagnosed with morphological and molecular methods. For resistance analysis, genomic DNA from pooled adult samples of all farms were analysed for the beta tubulin gene to detect any polymorphisms at codon positions of F167Y, E198A and F200Y. According to the results, seven farms (70%) revealed resistance (R) allele at F200Y with relatively high frequency. No other mutations were identified at the other two positions. Also, except for one homozygous (RR) occasion, the isolates with R allele had heterozygous (RS) genotype. This finding indicates that the worm populations are still affected by drugs of the BZ class. However, the genetic data also notes on developing resistance mechanisms in M. marshalli populations in sheep.
Collapse
|
7
|
Martínez-Valladares M, Valderas-García E, Gandasegui J, Skuce P, Morrison A, Castilla Gómez de Agüero V, Cambra-Pellejà M, Balaña-Fouce R, Rojo-Vázquez FA. Teladorsagia circumcincta beta tubulin: the presence of the E198L polymorphism on its own is associated with benzimidazole resistance. Parasit Vectors 2020; 13:453. [PMID: 32894163 PMCID: PMC7487696 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-020-04320-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Benzimidazole resistance is associated with isotype-1 β-tubulin gene F200Y, E198A and F167Y SNPs. In this study, the recently described polymorphism E198L was reported and analysed in Teladorsagia circumcincta. METHODS The benzimidazole phenotypic resistance was measured by the faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) and the egg hatch test (EHT) using a discriminating dose (DD) in 39 sheep flocks. Around 1000 larvae collected before and after treatment were used for DNA extraction. The resistant species identified in all flocks was T. circumcincta. The resistance alleles frequencies were measured for F200Y and E198A. A 371-bp fragment of the isotype-1 β-tubulin gene was analysed, including the three codons of interest, and a new pyrosequencing assay was designed for testing E198L. RESULTS The percentage of resistant flocks was 35% by FECRT or 26% by EHT; however, F200Y and E198A SNPs were absent in T. circumcincta. The amplification of a 371-bp fragment confirmed the absence of F167Y and F200Y in 6 resistant flocks. Regarding codon 198, all samples after treatment carried a leucine (CTA). A pyrosequencing assay analysed the allele frequencies for the first two bases at codon 198 independently, G/C and A/T. The correlation between C and T frequencies was almost 1 (r = 0.929, P < 0.0001) and the mean value of both was calculated to measure the leucine frequency; this value ranged between 10.4-80.7% before treatment, and 82.3-92.8% after treatment. High and similar correlations were reported between the genotypic variables (C frequency, T frequency or mean of both frequencies) and phenotypic resistance (r > 0.720, P < 0.0001), although negatively associated with the FECRT and positively with the EHT. According to multivariate linear regression analysis, the T frequency was the most significant variable influencing the phenotypic resistance (FECRT or EHT; P < 0.0001). In the EHT, 67.1% of the phenotypic variability is associated with the T frequency but in the FECRT only 33.4%; therefore, the EHT using a DD seems to detect the genotypic resistance more accurately than the FECRT. CONCLUSIONS The E198L polymorphism can confer BZ resistance on its own in T. circumcincta.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Martínez-Valladares
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-Universidad de León), Grulleros, 24346, León, Spain. .,Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana, 24071, León, Spain.
| | - Elora Valderas-García
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-Universidad de León), Grulleros, 24346, León, Spain.,Departmento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, 24071, León, Spain
| | | | - Philip Skuce
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Edinburgh, EH26 0PZ, UK
| | - Alison Morrison
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Edinburgh, EH26 0PZ, UK
| | - Verónica Castilla Gómez de Agüero
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-Universidad de León), Grulleros, 24346, León, Spain.,Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana, 24071, León, Spain
| | - Maria Cambra-Pellejà
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-Universidad de León), Grulleros, 24346, León, Spain.,Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana, 24071, León, Spain
| | - Rafael Balaña-Fouce
- Departmento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, 24071, León, Spain
| | - Francisco A Rojo-Vázquez
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana, 24071, León, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hinney B, Schoiswohl J, Melville L, Ameen VJ, Wille-Piazzai W, Bauer K, Joachim A, Krücken J, Skuce PJ, Krametter-Frötscher R. High frequency of benzimidazole resistance alleles in trichostrongyloids from Austrian sheep flocks in an alpine transhumance management system. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:132. [PMID: 32393382 PMCID: PMC7216349 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02353-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Infections of small ruminants with trichostrongyloid nematodes often result in reduced productivity and may be detrimental to the host. Anthelmintic resistance (AR) against most anthelmintic drug classes is now widespread amongst the trichostrongyloids. Baseline establishment, followed by regular monitoring of the level of AR, is necessary for farmers and veterinarians to make informed decisions about parasite management. The detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) is a sensitive method to detect AR against benzimidazoles (BZs), one of the most widely used anthelmintic classes. Alpine transhumance constitutes a special type of pasturing of sheep from many different farms, the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of benzimidazole resistance alleles in this particular management system. Results Sixteen sheep flocks in Styria and Salzburg in Austria were examined by pyrosequencing for SNPs at codons 167, 198 and 200 of the isotype-1 β-tubulin gene. The frequency of the resistance-associated exchange F200Y was 87–100% for H. contortus, 77–100% for T. colubriformis and < 5–66% for T. circumcincta. Additionally, the F167Y polymorphism was detected in T. colubriformis from two farms at a frequency of 19 and 23% respectively. Conclusions The high resistance allele frequency in H. contortus and T. colubriformis in the examined sheep population urgently calls for the development of new treatment strategies to sustainably control trichostrongyloid infections for this kind of pasturing, since the frequent mixing of flocks during the alpine summer grazing must be considered an important risk factor for the spread of resistant nematodes to a large number of farms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Hinney
- Department of Pathobiology, Institute of Parasitology, Vetmeduni Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Julia Schoiswohl
- Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University Clinic for Ruminants, Vetmeduni Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lynsey Melville
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Parks, Bush Loan, Penicuik, Edinburgh, EH26 OPZ, UK
| | - Vahel J Ameen
- Institute of Parasitology and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Duhok, Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Walpurga Wille-Piazzai
- Department of Pathobiology, Institute of Parasitology, Vetmeduni Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karl Bauer
- Animal Health Service Styria, Friedrichgasse 11, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Anja Joachim
- Department of Pathobiology, Institute of Parasitology, Vetmeduni Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jürgen Krücken
- Institute of Parasitology and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philip J Skuce
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Parks, Bush Loan, Penicuik, Edinburgh, EH26 OPZ, UK
| | - Reinhild Krametter-Frötscher
- Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University Clinic for Ruminants, Vetmeduni Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Palma A, Matamoros G, Escobar D, Sánchez AL, Fontecha G. Absence of mutations associated with resistance to benzimidazole in the beta-tubulin gene of Ascaris suum. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2020; 53:e20190155. [PMID: 32187331 PMCID: PMC7094045 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0155-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Benzimidazoles are commonly used for the control of veterinary nematodes. Resistance to benzimidazoles has been associated with three single nucleotide polymorphisms in the β-tubulin gene of common nematodes. However, these mutations are infrequent in the genus Ascaris spp. METHODS: In order to determine mutations associated with benzimidazole resistance in Ascaris suum, worms were collected from slaughtered pigs and a partial region of the β-tubulin gene was sequenced. RESULTS: All parasites showed the wildtype genotype for codons 167, 198, and 200 of the β-tubulin gene. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of genetic sequences associated with benzimidazole resistance in A. suum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adalid Palma
- Microbiology Research Institute, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras (UNAH), Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | - Gabriela Matamoros
- Microbiology Research Institute, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras (UNAH), Tegucigalpa, Honduras.,Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario. Canada
| | - Denis Escobar
- Microbiology Research Institute, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras (UNAH), Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | - Ana Lourdes Sánchez
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario. Canada
| | - Gustavo Fontecha
- Microbiology Research Institute, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras (UNAH), Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sepúlveda-Crespo D, Reguera RM, Rojo-Vázquez F, Balaña-Fouce R, Martínez-Valladares M. Drug discovery technologies: Caenorhabditis elegans as a model for anthelmintic therapeutics. Med Res Rev 2020; 40:1715-1753. [PMID: 32166776 DOI: 10.1002/med.21668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Helminthiasis is one of the gravest problems worldwide. There is a growing concern on less available anthelmintics and the emergence of resistance creating a major threat to human and livestock health resources. Novel and broad-spectrum anthelmintics are urgently needed. The free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans could address this issue through automated high-throughput technologies for the screening of large chemical libraries. This review discusses the strong advantages and limitations for using C elegans as a screening method for anthelmintic drug discovery. C elegans is the best model available for the validation of novel effective drugs in treating most, if not all, helminth infections, and for the elucidation the mode of action of anthelmintic candidates. This review also focuses on available technologies in the discovery of anthelmintics published over the last 15 years with particular attention to high-throughput technologies over conventional screens. On the other hand, this review highlights how combinatorial and nanomedicine strategies could prolong the use of anthelmintics and control resistance problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Sepúlveda-Crespo
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Rosa M Reguera
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Francisco Rojo-Vázquez
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-Universidad de León), León, Spain.,Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Rafael Balaña-Fouce
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - María Martínez-Valladares
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-Universidad de León), León, Spain.,Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Furtado LFV, de Aguiar PHN, Zuccherato LW, Teixeira TTG, Alves WP, da Silva VJ, Gasser RB, Rabelo ÉML. Albendazole resistance induced in Ancylostoma ceylanicum is not due to single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at codons 167, 198, or 200 of the beta-tubulin gene, indicating another resistance mechanism. Parasitol Res 2019; 118:837-849. [PMID: 30697644 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-019-06218-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mass drug administration has been implicated as the major cause of drug resistance in nematodes of ruminants. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at codons 167, 198, and 200 of the beta-tubulin isotype 1 gene are associated with albendazole resistance mechanisms. Although drug resistance is suspected to occur in nematodes of the same order, at present, there is no evidence of a strong correlation between these canonical SNPs and albendazole resistance in hookworms. In the absence of a hookworm strain that is naturally resistant to albendazole, we produced an albendazole-resistant Ancylostoma ceylanicum strain by selective drug pressure. Restriction fragment length polymorphism-PCR (RFLP-PCR) was employed to identify the presence of SNPs previously associated with drug resistance in other nematodes. However, none of the benzimidazole resistance-associated SNPs known in other nematodes were found. A beta-tubulin isotype 1 gene mini-cDNA library was constructed to obtain the complete cDNA gene sequence for the analysis of the entire gene to identify distinct SNPs associated with resistance. Some SNPs were found, but the resulting sequences were not reproducibly detected among the different clones, preventing their association with the resistance mechanism. The parasitological and hematological parameters of the albendazole-resistant strain were characterized and compared to those of the sensitive strain. Although the albendazole-resistant strain was less adapted to its host, with fewer worms recovered, all other parameters analyzed were similar between both strains. The results of the present study indicate that the mechanism of albendazole resistance of the resistant strain described herein must differ from those that have previously been characterized. Thus, new mechanistic studies are needed in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Fernando Viana Furtado
- Departamento de Parasitologia, L4 237, Laboratório de Parasitologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique Nascimento de Aguiar
- Departamento de Parasitologia, L4 237, Laboratório de Parasitologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luciana Werneck Zuccherato
- Departamento de Parasitologia, L4 237, Laboratório de Parasitologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Talita Tatiana Guimarães Teixeira
- Departamento de Parasitologia, L4 237, Laboratório de Parasitologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - William Pereira Alves
- Departamento de Parasitologia, L4 237, Laboratório de Parasitologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vivian Jordania da Silva
- Departamento de Parasitologia, L4 237, Laboratório de Parasitologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Robin B Gasser
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Élida Mara Leite Rabelo
- Departamento de Parasitologia, L4 237, Laboratório de Parasitologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Atanásio-Nhacumbe A, Lambert SM, da Silva Souza BMP, Ayres MCC. Molecular detection of benzimidazole resistance levels associated with F167Y and F200Y polymorphisms in Haemonchus contortus of goats from Mozambique. Parasitol Res 2018; 118:245-253. [PMID: 30542822 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-018-6162-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Benzimidazole (BZ) resistance of Haemonchus contortus has been associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in codons 200 (F200Y) and 167 (F167Y) and, to a lesser extent, in codon E198A, of the β-tubulin isotype 1 gene. The present study was undertaken to survey the status of BZ resistance in naturally infected goats in smallholder farms in southern Mozambique by real-time PCR (qPCR) using TaqMan® assays. H. contortus-infective larvae (L3; n = 432) from 12 populations were individually genotyped for F200Y and F167Y SNPs to detect BZ resistance. For the F200Y SNP, the results revealed an overall mean percentages of 18.8% homozygous resistant (RR), 47.8% homozygous susceptible (SS) and 33.4% heterozygous (RS) H. contortus. For the F167Y SNP, the overall mean percentages were 1.6% RR, 94.9% SS and 3.5% RS. The percentage of resistant alleles (%R) for the F200Y and F167Y SNPs was 35.7 and 3.4%, respectively. Genotype combinations of the two mutations indicate resistant percentages ranging from 0.0 to 52.9%. From the four herds with high RR individuals, three farms dewormed the animals monthly, while the fourth farm dewormed the animals every 3 months. In farms where animals were dewormed every 6 months, low percentages of RR individuals were found, whereas no RR individuals were discovered in herds where animals were dewormed annually. These results suggest that the F200Y SNP is more significant in BZ resistance development of the surveyed population compared with the F167Y SNP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alsácia Atanásio-Nhacumbe
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Av. Adhemar de Barros, 500, Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. .,National Centre for Biotechnology and Biosciences (CNBB), Ministry of Science & Technology, High Education and Vocational Training (MCTESTP), Av. Patrice Lumumba, 770, Maputo, Mozambique.
| | - Sabrina Mota Lambert
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Av. Adhemar de Barros, 500, Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Consuêlo Carybé Ayres
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Av. Adhemar de Barros, 500, Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Santos JMLD, Vasconcelos JF, Frota GA, Ribeiro WLC, André WPP, Vieira LDS, Teixeira M, Bevilaqua CML, Monteiro JP. Haemonchus contortus β-tubulin isotype 1 gene F200Y and F167Y SNPs are both selected by ivermectin and oxfendazole treatments with differing impacts on anthelmintic resistance. Vet Parasitol 2017; 248:90-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|