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Li Y, Jia G, Li T, Zhou X, Zhao H, Cao J, Guan Z, Zhao R. Preparation Optimization and Immunological Activity Studies of Portulaca oleracea L. Polysaccharides Liposomes. Curr Pharm Des 2024; 30:786-797. [PMID: 38385493 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128279071231204071210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
AIMS This study combines traditional Chinese medicine polysaccharides with nanomaterials to enhance drug bioavailability and immunological activity. BACKGROUND The study of polysaccharide preparation, structure identification, pharmacological activity, and mechanism of action is deepening, but the research combined with the new drug delivery system is relatively weak, so the application of polysaccharides is still facing great limitations. In order to prolong the action time of polysaccharides and improve their bioavailability, liposome has become the most promising delivery carrier. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to optimize the preparation process of Portulaca oleracea L. polysaccharides liposomes (POL-PL) and evaluate the immunoactivity in vitro. METHODS POL-PL was prepared by reverse evaporation, and the preparation process was optimized using the response surface methodology. The characteristic analysis of POL-PL was detected by the indicators including morphology, particle size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, release, and stability. The effects of POL-PL on the proliferation and immunological activity of mouse spleen lymphocytes and RAW264.7 cells were evaluated in vitro. RESULTS POL-PL is highly homogeneous in morphology and particle size, and its sustained release improves the bioavailability of Portulaca oleracea L. polysaccharides (POL-P). Moreover, POL-PL treatment significantly enhanced the proliferation and phagocytic activity of RAW264.7 cells and increased the secretion of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, and NO. CONCLUSION This study suggested that POL-PL were prepared successfully by reverse evaporation method, and POL-PL had immunoenhancing activity in vitro. The results provided a theoretical basis for further application of POL-PL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province 163319, P.R. China
| | - Guiyan Jia
- College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province 163319, P.R. China
| | - Tao Li
- College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province 163319, P.R. China
| | - Xiechen Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province 163319, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Daqing City People's Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province 163319, P.R. China
| | - Junyang Cao
- College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province 163319, P.R. China
| | - Zijan Guan
- College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province 163319, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhao
- College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province 163319, P.R. China
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Yao Y, Zhang Z, Yang Z. The combination of vaccines and adjuvants to prevent the occurrence of high incidence of infectious diseases in bovine. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1243835. [PMID: 37885619 PMCID: PMC10598632 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1243835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
As the global population grows, the demand for beef and dairy products is also increasing. The cattle industry is facing tremendous pressures and challenges. The expanding cattle industry has led to an increased risk of disease in cattle. These diseases not only cause economic losses but also pose threats to public health and safety. Hence, ensuring the health of cattle is crucial. Vaccination is one of the most economical and effective methods of preventing bovine infectious diseases. However, there are fewer comprehensive reviews of bovine vaccines available. In addition, the variable nature of bovine infectious diseases will result in weakened or even ineffective immune protection from existing vaccines. This shows that it is crucial to improve overall awareness of bovine vaccines. Adjuvants, which are crucial constituents of vaccines, have a significant role in enhancing vaccine response. This review aims to present the latest advances in bovine vaccines mainly including types of bovine vaccines, current status of development of commonly used vaccines, and vaccine adjuvants. In addition, this review highlights the main challenges and outstanding problems of bovine vaccines and adjuvants in the field of research and applications. This review provides a theoretical and practical basis for the eradication of global bovine infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhipeng Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhangping Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Okafor IA, Okafor US, Ndukwe V. Portulaca oleracea shows no ameliorative potential on ovariectomy-induced hormonal and estrous cycle dysregulation in normal cyclic rats: An experimental study. Int J Reprod Biomed 2021; 19:899-908. [PMID: 34805730 PMCID: PMC8595911 DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v19i10.9822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Portulaca oleracea (PO) is a widely known plant utilized for its medicinal attributes in the treatment of different illnesses. Objective To investigate the effect of methanolic extract of PO (MEPO) on ovariectomy-induced reproductive toxicity in normal cyclic rats. Materials and Methods Twenty 10-wk-old normal cyclic rats weighing 110-200 g were randomly divided into four groups (n = 5/group). Group A served as the control and received distilled water only. Group B was ovariectomized without treatment, while groups C and D were ovariectomized but treated with 400 and 800 mg/kg of MEPO, respectively, for 14 days. At the end of the experiment, body weight, serum hormonal levels, and estrous cycles were monitored across the groups. Results Groups B, C, and D showed estrous cycle dysregulation and specific phase arrest when compared with the control. While a significant decrease in estradiol (p ≤ 0.001) and testosterone levels (p ≤ 0.001) were observed in groups B, C, and D, only groups C and D showed a significant increase in progesterone level when compared with the control (p ≤ 0.001, p = 0.01, respectively). Conclusion The administration of 400 and 800 mg/kg MEPO is ineffective in ameliorating estrous cycle disruption and hormonal changes seen in ovariectomized normal cyclic adult Wistar rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izuchukwu Azuka Okafor
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nnewi, Nigeria.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.,Pan African University of Life and Earth Science Institute (Including Health and Agriculture) PAULESI, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | - Victor Ndukwe
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nnewi, Nigeria
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Wang Z, He Z, Zhang D, Li H. Antioxidant activity of purslane extract and its inhibitory effect on the lipid and protein oxidation of rabbit meat patties during chilled storage. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:1953-1962. [PMID: 32918299 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, synthetic antioxidants have been widely used to retard lipid and protein oxidation in the meat industry. However, consumers have concerns about these synthetic antioxidants because of their potential toxicological effects. Accordingly, natural antioxidants can be used as a result of their health safety compared to synthetic antioxidants. The present research aimed to assess the protective effects of purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) extract (PE) against lipid and protein oxidation under chilled storage for 12 days. Rabbit meat patties were divided into five experimental groups: control (without extract), butylated hydroxytoluene BHT (with 0.02% BHT, w/w) and the different concentrations of PE (0.1%, 0.3% and 0.5%, w/w) added to rabbit meat patty labeled as 0.1% PE, 0.3% PE and 0.5% PE groups, respectively. 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity, lipid oxidation and protein oxidation were determined, and kinetic models were employed. RESULTS PE showed the strongest DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity, and the half maximal inhibitory concentrations (i.e. IC50 ) of DPPH and ABTS radicals were 5.112 ± 0.384 and 12.607 ± 2.130 μg mL-1 , respectively. Samples that were treated with PE showed low lipid and protein oxidation. Furthermore, the results of kinetic models indicated that PE could reduce the rates of lipid and protein oxidation. CONCLUSION PE showed a preservative effect with respect exerting a protective effect against lipid and protein oxidation under chilled storage conditions. Our findings demonstrate the strong potential of PE as a natural antioxidant in meat and meat products. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zefu Wang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhifei He
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Regional Food, Chongqing, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongjun Li
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Regional Food, Chongqing, China
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Garcia-Vello P, Speciale I, Chiodo F, Molinaro A, De Castro C. Carbohydrate-based adjuvants. DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY. TECHNOLOGIES 2020; 35-36:57-68. [PMID: 33388128 DOI: 10.1016/j.ddtec.2020.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrate adjuvants are safe and biocompatible compounds usable as sustained delivery systems and stimulants of ongoing humoral and cellular immune responses, being especially suitable for the development of vaccines against intracellular pathogens where alum is useless. The development of new adjuvants is difficult and expensive, however, in the last two years, seven new carbohydrate-based adjuvants have been patented, also there are twelve ongoing clinical trials of vaccines that contain carbohydrate-based adjuvants, as well as numerous publications on their mechanism of action and safety. More research is necessary to improve the existent adjuvants and develop innovative ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Garcia-Vello
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples (NA), Italy.
| | - Immacolata Speciale
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples (NA), Italy
| | - Fabrizio Chiodo
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Antonio Molinaro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples (NA), Italy
| | - Cristina De Castro
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università, 100, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy.
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Promotion of Cellular and Humoral Immunity against Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus by Immunization with Virus-Like Particles Encapsulated in Monophosphoryl Lipid A and Liposomes. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8040633. [PMID: 33142799 PMCID: PMC7712044 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8040633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Virus-like particles (VLPs) have emerged as promising vaccine candidates against foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). However, such vaccines provide a relatively low level of protection against FMD virus (FMDV) because of their poor immunogenicity. Therefore, it is necessary to design effective vaccine strategies that induce more potent immunogenicity. In order to investigate the means to improve FMD VLP vaccine (VLPFMDV) immunogenicity, we encapsulated VLPs (MPL/DDA-VLPFMDV) with cationic liposomes based on dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide (DDA) and/or monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL, TLR4 agonist) as adjuvants. Unlike inactivated whole-cell vaccines, VLPFMDV were successfully encapsulated in this MPL/DDA system. We found that MPL/DDA-VLPFMDV could induce strong cell-mediated immune responses by inducing not only VLP-specific IFN-γ+CD4+ (Th1), IL-17A+CD4+ (Th17), and IFN-γ+CD8+ (activated CD8 response) T cells, but also the development of VLP-specific multifunctional CD4+ and CD8+ memory T cells co-expressing IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2. In addition, the MPL/DDA-VLPFMDV vaccine markedly induced VLP-specific antibody titers; in particular, the vaccine induced greater Th1-predominant IgG responses than VLPFMDV only and DDA-VLPFMDV. These results are expected to provide important clues for the development of an effective VLPFMDV that can induce cellular and humoral immune responses, and address the limitations seen in current VLP vaccines for various diseases.
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Zhao R, Shao X, Jia G, Huang Y, Liu Z, Song B, Hou J. Anti-cervical carcinoma effect of Portulaca oleracea L. polysaccharides by oral administration on intestinal dendritic cells. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 19:161. [PMID: 31277622 PMCID: PMC6612141 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2582-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer is the second most prevalent cancer worldwide. Portulaca oleracea L. polysaccharide (POL-P3b) has been found to have enhancing immune and anti-cervical cancer activity by oral administration. Dendritic cells (DC) play a key roles in regulating intestinal immune homeostasis. In this study, we analyzed the inhibition apoptosis effects of POL-P3b on intestinal DC and relevant mechanisms. METHODS Intestinal DC was isolated from U14-bearing mice treated with POL-P3b (50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg, respectively). The effects of POL-P3b on proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis in intestinal DC were evaluated by MTT assay, Hoechst 33342 and Annexin V-FITC/PI staining. Mitochondrial Ca2+ was analyzed using flow cytometry instrument. The potential mechanisms underlying POL-P3b-induced protection of intestinal DC from cervical cancer-induced apoptosis were detected with Western blotting evaluation of expression levels of TLR4 and relevant proteins for apoptotic signaling pathway. RESULTS We found that a large number of intestinal DC were apoptosis in U14-bearing mice. Treatment with POL-P3b in U14-bearing mice at different doses for 12 d resulted in a significant increase in intestinal DC survival, and the mechanisms were related to inhibiting DC apoptosis. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that POL-P3b-induced protection against tumor-induced intestinal DC apoptosis through stimulating the TLR4-PI3K/AKT-NF-κB signaling pathway. This study enhanced understanding of the oral administration with POL-P3b exerted on anti-tumor activity and its action mechanism.
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