1
|
Li Y, Luo J, Shang J, Zhang F, Deng C, Feng Y, Meng G, Jiang W, Yu X, Liu H. Epidemiological investigation and pathogenicity analysis of waterfowl astroviruses in some areas of China. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1375826. [PMID: 38529177 PMCID: PMC10961457 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1375826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Waterfowl astroviruses are mainly duck astroviruses and goose astroviruses, of which duck astroviruses (DAstV-3, -4), goose astroviruses (GoAstV-1, -2) are the four new waterfowl 21 astroviruses in recent years, which can lead to enteritis, viral hepatitis, gout and reduce the growth performance of waterfowl, affecting the healthy development of the waterfowl farming industry. Since no targeted drugs or vaccines on the market, studies on the epidemiology of the virus are necessary for vaccine development. In this study, we collected 1546 waterfowl samples from 13 provinces in China for epidemiological investigation. The results showed that 260 samples (16.8%) were positive. Four species of astrovirus were detected in 13 provinces except Fujian province. Among the four sites tested, the highest positive rates were found in farms and slaughterhouses. Cross-host and mixed infection were observed in four species of waterfowl astroviruses. The whole genome of 17 isolates was sequenced and compared with published sequences. Genetic evolution and homology analysis showed that the isolated strains had high similarity to their reference sequences. To assess the pathogenicity of GoAstV, 7-day-old goslings were inoculated with GoAstV-1 and GoAstV-2 by the intramuscular route, and infected geese showed similar clinical signs, such as anorexia, depression, and weight loss. Organ damage was seen after infection, with histopathological changes in the heart, liver, spleen, kidney, and intestine, and higher viral loads in throat and anal swabs. These findings increase our understanding of the pathogenicity of GoAstV-1 and GoAstV-2 in goslings and provide more references for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hualei Liu
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pacini MI, Mazzei M, Sgorbini M, D’Alfonso R, Papini RA. A One-Year Retrospective Analysis of Viral and Parasitological Agents in Wildlife Animals Admitted to a First Aid Hospital. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13050931. [PMID: 36899788 PMCID: PMC10000059 DOI: 10.3390/ani13050931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to provide information on the presence and frequency of viral and parasitic agents in wildlife presented to a Veterinary Teaching Hospital in 2020-2021. Serum and faecal samples were collected from 50 rescued animals (roe deer, fallow deer, foxes, badgers, pine martens, and porcupines) and examined by serological, molecular, and parasitological techniques. Transtracheal wash (TTW) was also collected post-mortem from roe deer. Overall, the results of the different techniques showed infections with the following viral and parasitic agents: Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus, Small Ruminant Lentiviruses, Kobuvirus, Astrovirus, Canine Adenovirus 1, Bopivirus, gastrointestinal strongyles, Capillaria, Ancylostomatidae, Toxocara canis, Trichuris vulpis, Hymenolepis, Strongyloides, Eimeria, Isospora, Dictyocaulus, Angiostrongylus vasorum, Crenosoma, Dirofilaria immitis, Neospora caninum, Giardia duodenalis, and Cryptosporidium. Sequencing (Tpi locus) identified G. duodenalis sub-assemblages AI and BIV in one roe deer and one porcupine, respectively. Adult lungworms collected from the TTW were identified as Dictyocaulus capreolus (COX1 gene). This is the first molecular identification of G. duodenalis sub-assemblage AI and D. capreolus in roe deer in Italy. These results show a wide presence of pathogens in wild populations and provide an overview of environmental health surveillance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Irene Pacini
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Maurizio Mazzei
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Micaela Sgorbini
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Rossella D’Alfonso
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Amerigo Papini
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang J, Xu C, Zeng M, Yue H, Tang C. Identification of a novel astrovirus in goats in China. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2021; 96:105105. [PMID: 34619392 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.105105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a total of 143 fecal samples (107 diarrheic and 36 non-diarrheic) were collected from 11 goat farms in southwest China, and 3.7% of diarrheic and 8.3% of non-diarrheic samples were detected as astrovirus-positive by RT-PCR. A nearly complete astrovirus genomic sequence (SWUN/F4/2019) of 6278 nucleotides (nt), which contained a 6186 bp open reading frame, was successfully obtained. The genome of strain SWUN/F4/2019 shared the highest nt identity (77.0%) and the closest genetic relationship with CapAstV-G5.1. It is worth noting that in the nonstructural protein 1ab, strain SWUN/F4/2019 shared the highest amino acid (aa) identity (93.8%) with strain CapAstV-G5.1; however, its capsid protein shared the highest aa identity (72.7%) with the Sichuan takin astrovirus strain LLT03 and only shared 23.1-64.8% aa identities with all available ovine and caprine astrovirus strains. Interestingly, a region recombination event was predicted in the ORF2 gene of strain SWUN/F4/2019, with CapAstV-G5.1 as the putative major parental strain and CcAstV/roe_deer/SLO/D5-14/2014 as the possible minor parental strain. According to the species classification criteria of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV), SWUN/F4/2019 may represent a novel astrovirus in goats. To our knowledge, this is the first detection of astrovirus in goats in China and a novel astrovirus strain was identified in goats. These findings increase the understanding of the epidemic and the genetic evolution of astroviruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Wang
- College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chenxia Xu
- College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengting Zeng
- College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua Yue
- College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Tang
- College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization Chengdu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhu J, Qi M, Jiang C, Peng Y, Peng Q, Chen Y, Hu C, Chen J, Chen X, Chen H, Guo A. Prevalence of bovine astroviruses and their genotypes in sampled Chinese calves with and without diarrhoea. J Gen Virol 2021; 102. [PMID: 34424158 PMCID: PMC8513638 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine astrovirus (BoAstV) belongs to genus Mamastravirus (MAstV). It can be detected in the faeces of both diarrhoeal and healthy calves. However, its prevalence, genetic diversity, and association with cattle diarrhoea are poorly understood. In this study, faecal samples of 87 diarrhoeal and 77 asymptomatic calves from 20 farms in 12 provinces were collected, and BoAstV was detected with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The overall prevalence rate of this virus in diarrhoeal and asymptomatic calves was 55.17 % (95 % CI: 44.13, 65.85 %) and 36.36 % (95 % CI: 25.70, 48.12 %), respectively, indicating a correlation between BoAstV infection and calf diarrhoea (OR=2.15, P=0.024). BoAstV existed mainly in the form of co-infection (85.53 %) with one to five of nine viruses, and there was a strong positive correlation between BoAstV co-infection and calf diarrhoea (OR=2.83, P=0.004). Binary logistic regression analysis confirmed this correlation between BoAstV co-infection and calf diarrhoea (OR=2.41, P=0.038). The co-infection of BoAstV and bovine rotavirus (BRV) with or without other viruses accounted for 70.77 % of all the co-infection cases. The diarrhoea risk for the calves co-infected with BoAstV and BRV was 8.14-fold higher than that for the calves co-infected with BoAstV and other viruses (OR=8.14, P=0.001). Further, the co-infection of BoAstV/BRV/bovine kobuvirus (BKoV) might increase the risk of calf diarrhoea by 14.82-fold, compared with that of BoAstV and other viruses (OR=14.82, P <0.001). Then, nearly complete genomic sequences of nine BoAstV strains were assembled by using next-generation sequencing (NGS) method. Sequence alignment against known astrovirus (AstV) strains at the levels of both amino acids and nucleotides showed a high genetic diversity. Four genotypes were identified, including two known genotypes MAstV-28 (n=3) and MAstV-33 (n=2) and two novel genotypes designated tentatively as MAstV-34 (n=1) and MAstV-35 (n=3). In addition, seven out of nine BoAstV strains showed possible inter-genotype recombination and cross-species recombination. Therefore, our results increase the knowledge about the prevalence and the genetic evolution of BoAstV and provide evidence for the association between BoAstV infection and calf diarrhoea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.,Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Mingpu Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.,Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Chuanwen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.,Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Yongchong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.,Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Qingjie Peng
- Wuhan Keqian Biology Co.Ltd, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Yingyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.,Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Ruminant Bio-products of Ministry of Agriculture and and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Changmin Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Jianguo Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Xi Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Huanchun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.,Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.,Wuhan Keqian Biology Co.Ltd, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Aizhen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.,Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Ruminant Bio-products of Ministry of Agriculture and and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| |
Collapse
|