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Rodriguez O, Regueiro-Purriños M, Figueirinhas P, Gonzalo-Orden JM, Prada I, Vilar JM, Millán L, Rodríguez-Altónaga J. Dynamic and Postural Changes in Forelimb Amputee Dogs: A Pilot Study. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1960. [PMID: 38998072 PMCID: PMC11240608 DOI: 10.3390/ani14131960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The amputation of a limb in quadrupeds can overload the remaining limbs, especially the contralateral one. The compensatory effort is especially high if it is a forelimb. It is, therefore, important to objectively know the changes in weight redistribution that occur in the animal while walking and standing still. With this objective, static (postural) and dynamic kinetic examinations were carried out on five French bulldogs with an amputated forelimb and five intact French bulldogs. For this examination, force and pressure platforms were used. The results were statistically compared using the student t-test. The parameters derived from the ground reaction forces were significantly higher in the amputee group. Surprisingly, postural examination showed that amputated dogs reached the same stability as healthy ones. Tripedal support in dogs does not objectively imply a loss of balance in quantitative terms; although the increase in force used by the remaining limb, as well as its altered cranial disposition during the support phase, may potentially predispose the animal to additional injuries in the future due to an overuse of different musculoskeletal units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Rodriguez
- Departamento de Patología Animal, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Trasmontaña S/N, 35416 Arucas, Spain
| | - Marta Regueiro-Purriños
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugia Veterinaria, Campus de Vegazana, Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Pedro Figueirinhas
- Departamento de Patología Animal, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Trasmontaña S/N, 35416 Arucas, Spain
| | - José Manuel Gonzalo-Orden
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugia Veterinaria, Campus de Vegazana, Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Iván Prada
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugia Veterinaria, Campus de Vegazana, Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - José Manuel Vilar
- Departamento de Patología Animal, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Trasmontaña S/N, 35416 Arucas, Spain
| | - Lorena Millán
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugia Veterinaria, Campus de Vegazana, Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - José Rodríguez-Altónaga
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugia Veterinaria, Campus de Vegazana, Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain
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Alves JC, Santos A, Lavrador C, Carreira LM. Minimal Clinically Important Differences for a Weight Distribution Platform in Dogs with Osteoarthritis. Animals (Basel) 2023; 14:128. [PMID: 38200859 PMCID: PMC10778445 DOI: 10.3390/ani14010128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In this retrospective study to determine the optimal method of evaluating static weight-bearing distribution to assess response to treatment in dogs with osteoarthritis using a weight distribution platform, data from the Clinica Veterinária de Cães (Portuguese Republican National Guard) clinical records were extracted. At baseline and at 15 days post-treatment, follow-up data from 80 dogs treated for bilateral hip osteoarthritis were categorized based on an anchor question. Estimates of minimal clinically important differences were calculated with distribution-based and anchor-based methods for deviation from normal weight-bearing and a symmetry index (SI). For deviation, the anchor-based methods provided a range from -0.3 to -3.1, and the distribution-based methods from 0.16 to 0.29. For SI, the anchor-based methods provided a range from -10.0 to -23.9, and the distribution-based methods from 1.31 to 2.88. Receiver operator characteristic curves provided areas under the curve >0.7, indicating an acceptable cut-off point. We presented estimates of -1 for deviation and -10 for SI in dogs with OA. These estimates can be used for research and patient monitoring. Future studies should include OA from other joints and animals from a broader clinical context.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. C. Alves
- Divisão de Medicina Veterinária, Guarda Nacional Republicana (GNR), Rua Presidente Arriaga, 9, 1200-771 Lisbon, Portugal
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lusófona University, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal
- Centro de Ciência Animal e Veterinária, Lusófona University, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal
- MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
| | - Ana Santos
- Divisão de Medicina Veterinária, Guarda Nacional Republicana (GNR), Rua Presidente Arriaga, 9, 1200-771 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Catarina Lavrador
- MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
| | - L. Miguel Carreira
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon (FMV/ULisboa), 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Research in Animal Health (CIISA), University of Lisbon, (FMV/ULisboa), 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal
- Anjos of Assis Veterinary Medicine Centre (CMVAA), 2830-077 Barreiro, Portugal
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Alves JC, Santos A, Jorge P, Lavrador C, Carreira LM. Evaluation of the thermographic response of the lumbar region in dogs with bilateral hip osteoarthritis. J Therm Biol 2023; 115:103610. [PMID: 37356203 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2023.103610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Infrared thermography is suggested as a method of medical assistance for evaluating anatomical regions where there may be some inflammatory or painful condition that requires immediate medical attention. For this reason, this study aimed to characterize digital thermography of the lumbar region in police working dogs with hip osteoarthritis, 47 dogs with bilateral hip osteoarthritis were evaluated. A thermographic dorsoventral view of the dogs' backs were obtained, and mean and maximum temperatures were determined. In addition, results from the Canine Brief Pain Inventory, Liverpool Osteoarthritis in Dogs (LOAD), the Canine Orthopedic Index, and weight-bearing distribution evaluation were collected. Results were compared with an Independent Samples T-Test or ANOVA, followed by an LSD post hoc. Multiple regression was run to predict temperatures from age, sex, breed, body weight, and Orthopedic Foundation for Animals hip score and to predict clinical metrology scores and weight-bearing distribution results from temperature results. The sample included 28 males and 19 females, with a mean age of 6.3 ± 2.5 years and bodyweight of 26.9 ± 5.1 kg, with osteoarthritis hip scores of mild (70.2%), moderate (21.3%), and severe (8.5%). Significant differences were observed in mean temperatures between German Shepherd Dogs (GSD) and Labrador Retrievers (LR) (p < 0.01), and LR and Belgian Malinois (BM) (p=0.02). Mean temperature contributed to the prediction of LOAD and stiffness. LR showed significantly higher temperature values than GSD and BM. No differences were observed between osteoarthritis hip scores and mean temperature values contributed to LOAD scores' prediction. This relation needs to be addressed in further studies, involving a larger number of animals, and to determine changes in response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Alves
- Divisão de Medicina Veterinária, Guarda Nacional Republicana (GNR), Rua Presidente Arriaga, 9, 1200-771, Lisbon, Portugal; MED - Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554, Évora, Portugal; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lusófona University, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - A Santos
- Divisão de Medicina Veterinária, Guarda Nacional Republicana (GNR), Rua Presidente Arriaga, 9, 1200-771, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - P Jorge
- Divisão de Medicina Veterinária, Guarda Nacional Republicana (GNR), Rua Presidente Arriaga, 9, 1200-771, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - C Lavrador
- MED - Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554, Évora, Portugal
| | - L Miguel Carreira
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon (FMV/ULisboa), Portugal; Interdisciplinary Centre for Research in Animal Health (CIISA), University of Lisbon, (FMV/ULisboa), Portugal; Anjos of Assis Veterinary Medicine Centre (CMVAA), Barreiro, Portugal
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Aldrich LA, Upchurch DA, Roush JK. Blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled study of the efficacy of bupivacaine liposomal suspension using static bodyweight distribution and subjective pain scoring in dogs after tibial plateau leveling osteotomy surgery. Vet Surg 2023. [PMID: 37114870 DOI: 10.1111/vsu.13967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the analgesic effect of surgical wound infiltration with liposomal bupivacaine (LB) to saline placebo in dogs after tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO). STUDY DESIGN Blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical prospective study. ANIMALS Fifteen client-owned dogs receiving LB and 17 dogs receiving an equivalent volume of saline placebo, all with confirmed unilateral cranial cruciate ligament insufficiency. METHODS Preoperatively and up to 48 h after surgery, Glasgow Composite Measure Short Form (CMPS-SF) pain scores were assigned and using a weight distribution platform, static bodyweight distribution (%BWdist ) to the operated limb was measured. Postoperatively, dogs also received carprofen 2.2 mg/kg subcutaneously every 12 h. Rescue analgesia was provided. Treatment success was defined as not requiring rescue analgesia over the 48-h postoperative period. RESULTS There was no difference between treatment success, postoperative opioid consumption, CMPS-SF pain scores, or %BWdist in dogs that received surgical wound infiltration with LB compared with those receiving saline placebo, following TPLO. There was no linear correlation between CMPS-SF pain scores and %BWdist . CONCLUSION For the population of dogs that underwent TPLO and received postoperative carprofen at our institution, LB did not provide an analgesic effect discernable by success/failure analysis, CMPS-SF pain scores, or %BWdist measurement using a weight distribution platform, compared with saline placebo. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE LB may not provide detectable analgesia during the first 48 h for dogs recovering from TPLO and receiving only postoperative carprofen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A Aldrich
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - David A Upchurch
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - James K Roush
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
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Yamada T, Aoi S, Adachi M, Kamimura T, Higurashi Y, Wada N, Tsuchiya K, Matsuno F. Center of Mass Offset Enhances the Selection of Transverse Gallop in High-Speed Running by Horses: A Modeling Study. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:825157. [PMID: 35295643 PMCID: PMC8919080 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.825157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Horses use the transverse gallop in high-speed running. However, different animals use different gaits, and the gait preference of horses remains largely unclear. Horses have fore-aft asymmetry in their body structure and their center of mass (CoM) is anteriorly located far from the center of the body. Since such a CoM offset affects the running dynamics, we hypothesize that the CoM offset of horses is important in gait selection. In order to verify our hypothesis and clarify the gait selection mechanisms by horses from a dynamic viewpoint, we developed a simple model with CoM offset and investigated its effects on running. Specifically, we numerically obtained periodic solutions and classified these solutions into six types of gaits, including the transverse gallop, based on the footfall pattern. Our results show that the transverse gallop is optimal when the CoM offset is located at the position estimated in horses. Our findings provide useful insight into the gait selection mechanisms in high-speed running of horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Yamada
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinya Aoi
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- *Correspondence: Shinya Aoi,
| | - Mau Adachi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoya Kamimura
- Department of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasuo Higurashi
- Laboratory of System Physiology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Naomi Wada
- Laboratory of System Physiology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Kazuo Tsuchiya
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Fumitoshi Matsuno
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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