Toceranib phosphate (Palladia) for the treatment of canine exocrine pancreatic adenocarcinoma

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma treated with surgical resection, toceranib phosphate and firocoxib in a dog: a case report

Exocrine pancreatic carcinomas are rarely reported in dogs. A ductal pancreatic adenocarcinoma in a 10-year-old intact beagle is described in this report. The diagnosis was made based on clinical signs, imaging (abdominal ultrasound and CT scan) and histopathology. Treatment consisted of partial right lobe pancreatectomy followed by adjuvant therapy with toceranib phosphate (Palladia®) and firocoxib (Previcox®) for six months. The treatment was well tolerated, and the survival time was 445 days. To our knowledge, this is the longest survival reported in the literature for a dog diagnosed with exocrine pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The results described here may contribute to provide a better understanding about this neoplasia and potential treatment options.

Retrospective evaluation of toceranib phosphate (Palladia) use in the treatment of feline pancreatic carcinoma

Objective

To retrospectively assess the biological response in cats with pancreatic carcinoma treated with toceranib phosphate.

Animals

Twenty-six client-owned cats.

Procedure

Patient information from multiple institutions was solicited via an emailed REDCap survey. For inclusion, cats were required to have a confirmed diagnosis of exocrine pancreatic carcinoma either by histopathology, cytology, or both; to have received treatment with toceranib phosphate; and to have adequate follow-up data for analysis.

Results

Twenty cats were treated for gross disease and 6 for microscopic disease/incomplete margins. Clinical benefit (complete response, partial response, or stable disease ≥ 10 wk) was observed in 9/20 cats treated in the gross disease setting (45%; complete response: n = 1, stable disease: n = 8). The remaining 11 cats with gross disease did not respond to toceranib phosphate. In the cats with microscopic disease, response was mixed. The median survival time for all cats was 97 d (range: 1 to 1666 d).

Conclusion

Toceranib phosphate was well-tolerated and provided modest clinical benefit to a subset of cats treated.

Clinical relevance

Although feline exocrine pancreatic carcinoma continues to be a challenging disease to treat, toceranib phosphate appeared to provide potential clinical benefit.

New Pyrrole Derivatives as Promising Biological Agents: Design, Synthesis, Characterization, In Silico, and Cytotoxicity Evaluation

The current study describes the synthesis, physicochemical characterization and cytotoxicity evaluation of a new series of pyrrole derivatives in order to identify new bioactive molecules. The new pyrroles were obtained by reaction of benzimidazolium bromide derivatives with asymmetrical acetylenes in 1,2-epoxybutane under reflux through the Huisgen [3 + 2] cycloaddition of several ylide intermediates to the corresponding dipolarophiles. The intermediates salts were obtained from corresponding benzimidazole with bromoacetonitrile. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by elemental analysis, spectral techniques (i.e., IR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR) and single-crystal X-ray analysis. The cytotoxicity of the synthesized compounds was evaluated on plant cells (i.e., Triticum aestivum L.) and animal cells using aquatic crustaceans (i.e., Artemia franciscana Kellogg and Daphnia magna Straus). The potential antitumor activity of several of the pyrrole derivatives was studied by performing in vitro cytotoxicity assays on human adenocarcinoma-derived cell lines (i.e., LoVo (colon), MCF-7 (breast), and SK-OV-3 (ovary)) and normal human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The obtained results of the cytotoxicity assessment indicated that the tested compounds had nontoxic activity on Triticum aestivum L., while on Artemia franciscana Kellogg nauplii, only compounds 2c and 4c had moderate toxicity. On Daphnia magna, 4b and 4c showed high toxicity; 2a, 2b, and 2c moderate to high toxicity; only 4a and 4d were nontoxic. The compound-mediated cytotoxicity assays showed that several pyrrole compounds demonstrated dose- and time-dependent cytotoxic activity against all tested tumor cell lines, the highest antitumor properties being achieved by 4a and its homologue 4d, especially against LoVo colon cells.