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Odom TF, Riley CB, Benschop J, Hill KE. Factors Associated with Medication Noncompliance in Dogs in New Zealand. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2557. [PMID: 39272342 PMCID: PMC11394019 DOI: 10.3390/ani14172557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Client compliance with prescribed medication instructions to treat their pets is a concern. This study describes factors associated with the noncompliance of dog owners with veterinary recommendations for medication, as well as client-reported barriers and aids to administering medications. A cross-sectional survey of dog owners' compliance with veterinary medication recommendations was performed from 9 January 2019 to 18 July 2020. A convenience sample of owners who prescribed medication for their dogs during or following elective veterinary examination was surveyed regarding medication administration experience and compliance. Owners were followed up to determine if the course of medication had been completed. Compliance data were analyzed descriptively. Logistic regression was performed with compliance as the outcome. Medication noncompliance was recorded for 47% (71/151) of owners. Increasing dog age was associated with better owner compliance (p < 0.05). Pet owners who used "nothing" as an aid to medicating were less likely to be noncompliant (p < 0.05). Forty-seven percent (71/151) of owners reported that "nobody" showed them how to administer the medication. One-third of dog owners (47/151) reported challenges in medicating their pets. The most common reason cited by clients reporting challenges was a resistant pet. Demonstration of medication administration techniques and discussion about available aids to medicating a pet may improve client compliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas F Odom
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Christopher B Riley
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
- Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Jackie Benschop
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Kate E Hill
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
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Rodríguez-Pombo L, Awad A, Basit AW, Alvarez-Lorenzo C, Goyanes A. Innovations in Chewable Formulations: The Novelty and Applications of 3D Printing in Drug Product Design. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:1732. [PMID: 36015355 PMCID: PMC9412656 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Since their introduction, chewable dosage forms have gained traction due to their ability to facilitate swallowing, especially in paediatric, geriatric and dysphagia patients. Their benefits stretch beyond human use to also include veterinary applications, improving administration and palatability in different animal species. Despite their advantages, current chewable formulations do not account for individualised dosing and palatability preferences. In light of this, three-dimensional (3D) printing, and in particular the semi-solid extrusion technology, has been suggested as a novel manufacturing method for producing customised chewable dosage forms. This advanced approach offers flexibility for selecting patient-specific doses, excipients, and organoleptic properties, which are critical for ensuring efficacy, safety and adherence to the treatment. This review provides an overview of the latest advancements in chewable dosage forms for human and veterinary use, highlighting the motivations behind their use and covering formulation considerations, as well as regulatory aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Rodríguez-Pombo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Materials Institute iMATUS and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Atheer Awad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Abdul W. Basit
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
- FabRx Ltd., Henwood House, Henwood, Ashford, Kent TN24 8DH, UK
| | - Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Materials Institute iMATUS and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alvaro Goyanes
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Materials Institute iMATUS and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
- FabRx Ltd., Henwood House, Henwood, Ashford, Kent TN24 8DH, UK
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Fleck T, Norris L, King V, Lesman S, Gonzales AJ. Speed of onset of a new chewable formulation of oclacitinib maleate (Apoquel®) in a canine model of IL-31-induced pruritus. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2022; 45:380-384. [PMID: 35586953 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Oclacitinib maleate (Apoquel®, Zoetis Inc.) is commonly used around the world for the control/treatment of pruritus associated with allergic dermatitis and the control/treatment of atopic dermatitis in dogs at least 12 months of age. A new flavored chewable formulation of oclacitinib has been developed where more than 90% of doses offered to dogs were freely accepted when tested in clinical trials. The objective of this study was to determine whether the new chewable formulation of oclacitinib has a similar onset of anti-pruritic activity as the original oclacitinib film-coated tablets (FCT). Twenty-one laboratory beagle dogs were randomized to treatment and received placebo, 0.4-0.6 mg/kg oclacitinib FCT or 0.4-0.6 mg/kg flavored chewable oclacitinib tablet (n = 7/group). Efficacy was measured by assessing reduction in pruritus 1-3 h post-administration of treatments. Pruritus was induced by injecting canine IL-31, intravenously (2.5 μg/kg), approximately 15 min prior to the pruritus observation window. Results from this study demonstrated both oclacitinib FCT and the flavored chewable oclacitinib tablet significantly reduced IL-31-induced pruritus within 1-3 h post-dosing compared to placebo (p = .0069 and .0113, respectively), suggesting the new formulation of oclacitinib chewable tablets works as quickly to reduce pruritus in dogs as the oclacitinib FCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Fleck
- Veterinary Medicine Research & Development, Zoetis, Inc., Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA
| | - Lori Norris
- Veterinary Medicine Research & Development, Zoetis, Inc., Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA
| | - Vickie King
- Veterinary Medicine Research & Development, Zoetis, Inc., Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA
| | - Steven Lesman
- Veterinary Medicine Research & Development, Zoetis, Inc., Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA
| | - Andrea J Gonzales
- Veterinary Medicine Research & Development, Zoetis, Inc., Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA
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