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Ferrante P, Preziosi L, Scianna M. Modeling hypoxia-related inflammation scenarios. Math Biosci 2023; 355:108952. [PMID: 36528132 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2022.108952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cells respond to hypoxia via the activation of three isoforms of Hypoxia Inducible Factors (HIFs), that are characterized by different activation times. HIF overexpression has many effects on cell behavior, such as change in metabolism, promotion of angiogenic processes and elicitation of a pro-inflammatory response. These effects are driving forces of malignant progression in cancer cells. In this work we study in detail hypoxia-induced dynamics of HIF1α and HIF2α, which are the most studied isoforms, comparing available experimental data on their evolution in tumor cells with the results obtained integrating the deduced mathematical model. Then, we examine the possible scenarios that characterize the link between hypoxia and inflammation via the activation of NFkB (Nuclear Factor k-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) when the dimensionless groups of parameters of the mathematical model change. In this way we are able to discuss why and when hypoxic conditions lead to acute or chronic inflammatory states.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ferrante
- Department Mathematical Sciences, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Torino, Italy; Candiolo Cancer Institute FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy.
| | - L Preziosi
- Department Mathematical Sciences, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Torino, Italy.
| | - M Scianna
- Department Mathematical Sciences, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Torino, Italy.
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Moniz I, Ramalho-Santos J, Branco AF. Differential Oxygen Exposure Modulates Mesenchymal Stem Cell Metabolism and Proliferation through mTOR Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073749. [PMID: 35409106 PMCID: PMC8998189 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells reside under precise hypoxic conditions that are paramount in determining cell fate and behavior (metabolism, proliferation, differentiation, etc.). In this work, we show that different oxygen tensions promote a distinct proliferative response and affect the biosynthetic demand and global metabolic profile of umbilical cord-mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs). Using both gas-based strategies and CoCl2 as a substitute for the costly hypoxic chambers, we found that specific oxygen tensions influence the fate of UC-MSCs differently. While 5% O2 potentiates proliferation, stimulates biosynthetic pathways, and promotes a global hypermetabolic profile, exposure to <1% O2 contributes to a quiescent-like cell state that relies heavily on anaerobic glycolysis. We show that using CoCl2 as a hypoxia substitute of moderate hypoxia has distinct metabolic effects, when compared with gas-based strategies. The present study also highlights that, while severe hypoxia regulates global translation via mTORC1 modulation, its effects on survival-related mechanisms are mainly modulated through mTORC2. Therefore, the experimental conditions used in this study establish a robust and reliable hypoxia model for UC-MSCs, providing relevant insights into how stem cells are influenced by their physiological environment, and how different strategies of modulating hypoxia may influence experimental outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Moniz
- CNC—Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB—Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Polo 3, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - João Ramalho-Santos
- CNC—Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB—Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Polo 3, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence: (J.R.-S.); (A.F.B.)
| | - Ana F. Branco
- CNC—Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB—Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Polo 3, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Correspondence: (J.R.-S.); (A.F.B.)
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In silico simulation of the effect of hypoxia on MCF-7 cell cycle kinetics under fractionated radiotherapy. J Biol Phys 2021; 47:301-321. [PMID: 34533654 DOI: 10.1007/s10867-021-09580-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment outcome of a given fractionated radiotherapy scheme is affected by oxygen tension and cell cycle kinetics of the tumor population. Numerous experimental studies have supported the variability of radiosensitivity with cell cycle phase. Oxygen modulates the radiosensitivity through hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) stabilization and oxygen fixation hypothesis (OFH) mechanism. In this study, an existing mathematical model describing cell cycle kinetics was modified to include the oxygen-dependent G1/S transition rate and radiation inactivation rate. The radiation inactivation rate used was derived from the linear-quadratic (LQ) model with dependence on oxygen enhancement ratio (OER), while the oxygen-dependent correction for the G1/S phase transition was obtained from numerically solving the ODE system of cyclin D-HIF dynamics at different oxygen tensions. The corresponding cell cycle phase fractions of aerated MCF-7 tumor population, and the resulting growth curve obtained from numerically solving the developed mathematical model were found to be comparable to experimental data. Two breast radiotherapy fractionation schemes were investigated using the mathematical model. Results show that hypoxia causes the tumor to be more predominated by the tumor subpopulation in the G1 phase and decrease the fractional contribution of the more radioresistant tumor cells in the S phase. However, the advantage provided by hypoxia in terms of cell cycle phase distribution is largely offset by the radioresistance developed through OFH. The delayed proliferation caused by severe hypoxia slightly improves the radiotherapy efficacy compared to that with mild hypoxia for a high overall treatment duration as demonstrated in the 40-Gy fractionation scheme.
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Wang J, Xue X, Fan K, Liu Q, Zhang S, Peng M, Zhou J, Cao Z. Moderate hypoxia modulates ABCG2 to promote the proliferation of mouse spermatogonial stem cells by maintaining mild ROS levels. Theriogenology 2019; 145:149-157. [PMID: 31733931 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different oxygen (O2) concentrations on the growth of mouse spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) and the possible mechanisms of cell proliferation in vitro. The SSCs from testicular cells were cultured in various O2 concentrations (1%, 2.5%, 5%, and 20% O2) for 7 days. Colonies of SSCs were identified morphologically and by immunofluorescence. The number of mouse SSC colonies and the area covered by them were measured. Cell cycle progression of the SSCs was analyzed to identify the state of cell proliferation. The effects of O2 concentrations on the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and expression of ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) were also analyzed in the SSCs. Following culturing for 7 days, the SSCs were treated with Ko143 (a specific inhibitor of ABCG2) for 1 h, and the ROS level and expression of bcl-2, bax, and p53 were analyzed. The results showed that mouse SSCs formed compact colonies and had unclear borders in different O2 concentrations for 7 days, and there were no major morphologic differences between the O2 treatment groups. The expression of the SSC marker, GFR α1 was studied in each O2 treatment group. The number and area of SSC colonies, and the number of GFR α1 positive cells were the highest in the 2.5% O2 treatment group. Compared with other O2 concentrations, the number of cells in G0 cycle was significantly higher, while the level of intracellular ROS was lower at 1% O2. Moreover, the intracellular ROS levels gradually increased with increasing O2 concentration from 1% to 20%. The expression of ABCG2 in the SSCs cultured at 2.5% O2 was higher than in the other O2 groups. Inhibition of ABCG2 increased intracellular ROS generation, and the expression of the pro-apoptotic genes bax and p53, and decreased the expression of the anti-apoptotic gene bcl-2. In conclusion, moderate to low O2 tension increases ABCG2 expression to maintain mild ROS levels, triggers the expression of the anti-apoptotic genes, suppresses the proapoptotic gene pathway, and further promotes the proliferation of mouse SSCs in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhua Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China; Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding in Anhui Provincial, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control in Anhui Provincial, Hefei, China.
| | - Xiuheng Xue
- College of Tea & Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China.
| | - Kai Fan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Qi Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Suzi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Mengling Peng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control in Anhui Provincial, Hefei, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control in Anhui Provincial, Hefei, China
| | - Zubing Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China; Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding in Anhui Provincial, Hefei, China
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Coulibaly A, Bettendorf A, Kostina E, Figueiredo AS, Velásquez SY, Bock HG, Thiel M, Lindner HA, Barbarossa MV. Interleukin-15 Signaling in HIF-1α Regulation in Natural Killer Cells, Insights Through Mathematical Models. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2401. [PMID: 31681292 PMCID: PMC6805776 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells belong to the first line of host defense against infection and cancer. Cytokines, including interleukin-15 (IL-15), critically regulate NK cell activity, resulting in recognition and direct killing of transformed and infected target cells. NK cells have to adapt and respond in inflamed and often hypoxic areas. Cellular stabilization and accumulation of the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is a key mechanism of the cellular hypoxia response. At the same time, HIF-1α plays a critical role in both innate and adaptive immunity. While the HIF-1α hydroxylation and degradation pathway has been recently described with the help of mathematical methods, less is known concerning the mechanistic mathematical description of processes regulating the levels of HIF-1α mRNA and protein. In this work we combine mathematical modeling with experimental laboratory analysis and examine the dynamic relationship between HIF-1α mRNA, HIF-1α protein, and IL-15-mediated upstream signaling events in NK cells from human blood. We propose a system of non-linear ordinary differential equations with positive and negative feedback loops for describing the complex interplay of HIF-1α regulators. The experimental design is optimized with the help of mathematical methods, and numerical optimization techniques yield reliable parameter estimates. The mathematical model allows for the investigation and prediction of HIF-1α stabilization under different inflammatory conditions and provides a better understanding of mechanisms mediating cellular enrichment of HIF-1α. Thanks to the combination of in vitro experimental data and in silico predictions we identified the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) as central regulators of HIF-1α accumulation. We hypothesize that the regulatory pathway proposed here for NK cells can be extended to other types of immune cells. Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in the dynamic regulation of the HIF-1α pathway in immune cells is of central importance to the immune cell function and could be a promising strategy in the design of treatments for human inflammatory diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Coulibaly
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Anja Bettendorf
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ekaterina Kostina
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute for Applied Mathematics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ana Sofia Figueiredo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sonia Y Velásquez
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Bock
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Manfred Thiel
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Holger A Lindner
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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