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Chuang YT, Yen CY, Tang JY, Wu KC, Chang FR, Tsai YH, Chien TM, Chang HW. Marine anticancer drugs in modulating miRNAs and antioxidant signaling. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 399:111142. [PMID: 39019423 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Several marine drugs exert anticancer effects by inducing oxidative stress, which becomes overloaded and kills cancer cells when redox homeostasis is imbalanced. The downregulation of antioxidant signaling induces oxidative stress, while its upregulation attenuates oxidative stress. Marine drugs have miRNA-modulating effects against cancer cells. However, the potential antioxidant targets of such drugs have been rarely explored. This review aims to categorize the marine-drug-modulated miRNAs that downregulate their antioxidant targets, causing oxidative stress in anticancer treatments. We also categorize the downregulation of oxidative-stress-inducing miRNAs in antioxidant protection among non-cancer cells. We summarize the putative antioxidant targets of miRNA-modulating marine drugs by introducing a bioinformatics tool (miRDB). Finally, the marine drugs affecting antioxidant targets are surveyed. In this way, the connections between marine drugs and their modulating miRNA and antioxidant targets are innovatively categorized to provide a precise network for exploring their potential anticancer functions and protective effects on non-cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ting Chuang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, PhD Program in Life Sciences, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Yu Yen
- School of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 71004, Taiwan.
| | - Jen-Yang Tang
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan; Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
| | - Kuo-Chuan Wu
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Pingtung University, Pingtung, 900392, Taiwan.
| | - Fang-Rong Chang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Hong Tsai
- Department of Pharmacy and Master Program, College of Pharmacy and Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung, 907101, Taiwan.
| | - Tsu-Ming Chien
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Gangshan Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 820111, Taiwan.
| | - Hsueh-Wei Chang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, PhD Program in Life Sciences, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan; Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
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Atapour P, Farmany A, Abdolsamadi H, Hashemi E, Jazaeri M. Comparison of salivary MicroRNA-6734, microRNA-3123 and microRNA-4483 expression in smoker and nonsmoker patients: a case control study. Minerva Dent Oral Sci 2023; 72:239-246. [PMID: 37255306 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6329.23.04787-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco is a major risk factor in oral diseases. Considering the important role of expression miRNA molecules in different diseases, the present study aimed to compare the expression of salivary miRNA-6734, miRNA-3123 and miRNA-4483 in smoker and non-smoker peoples. METHODS In this case-control study, salivary samples were obtained from 30 smoker's patients and 27 healthy nonsmokers and matched in term of age and sex. RNA was extracted in salivary samples and gene expression was evaluated in all samples. Statistical analysis of data was performed using T and chi-square tests by SPSS (Ver. 16) software at a significant level of less than 0.05. RESULTS The results of this study showed that the expression level of miRNA-3123 and miRNA-4483 in smokers group was 2.8 and 3.2, respectively, which was increased compared to non-smokers with expression level of 1 (P<0.01). There was a significant decrease in the expression rate of miRNA-6734 in smokers (0.6%) compared to non-smokers (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Based on the results of this study, considering the increasing miRNA-4483 and miRNA-3123 level, as well as the reducing miRNA-6734 level in smokers compared to non-smokers, it seems that evaluation of these two miRNAs as indicator for diagnosis and determination of prognosis of oral diseases associated with smoking can be used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parya Atapour
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abbas Farmany
- Dental Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Abdolsamadi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Dental Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ehsan Hashemi
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Jazaeri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Dental Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran -
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Guo S, Chen M, Li S, Geng Z, Jin Y, Liu D. Natural Products Treat Colorectal Cancer by Regulating miRNA. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1122. [PMID: 37631037 PMCID: PMC10459054 DOI: 10.3390/ph16081122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Diseases are evolving as living standards continue to improve. Cancer is the main cause of death and a major public health problem that seriously threatens human life. Colorectal cancer is one of the top ten most common malignant tumors in China, ranking second after gastric cancer among gastrointestinal malignant tumors, and its incidence rate is increasing dramatically each year due to changes in the dietary habits and lifestyle of the world's population. Although conventional therapies, such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, have profoundly impacted the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC), drug resistance and toxicity remain substantial challenges. Natural products, such as dietary therapeutic agents, are considered the safest alternative for treating CRC. In addition, there is substantial evidence that natural products can induce apoptosis, inhibit cell cycle arrest, and reduce the invasion and migration of colon cancer cells by targeting and regulating the expression and function of miRNAs. Here, we summarize the recent research findings on the miRNA-regulation-based antitumor mechanisms of various active ingredients in natural products, highlighting how natural products target miRNA regulation in colon cancer prevention and treatment. The application of natural drug delivery systems and predictive disease biomarkers in cancer prevention and treatment is also discussed. Such approaches will contribute to the discovery of new regulatory mechanisms associated with disease pathways and provide a new theoretical basis for developing novel colon cancer drugs and compounds and identifying new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ye Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; (S.G.); (M.C.); (S.L.); (Z.G.)
| | - Da Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; (S.G.); (M.C.); (S.L.); (Z.G.)
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4
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Khordadmehr M, Matin R, Baradaran B, Baghbani E, Jigari-Asl F, Noorolyai S. The Effect of miR-4800 Restoration on Proliferation and Migration of Human Breast Cancer Cells In Vitro. Adv Pharm Bull 2023; 13:378-384. [PMID: 37342379 PMCID: PMC10278211 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2023.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can contribute to cancer initiation, development, and progression. In this study, the effect of miRNA-4800 restoration on the growth and migration inhibition of human breast cancer (BC) cells was investigated. Methods: For this purpose, transfection of miR-4800 was performed into MDA-MB-231 BC cells using jetPEI. Subsequently, the expression levels of miR-4800 and CXCR4, ROCK1, CD44, and vimentin genes were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (q-RT-PCR) and specific primers. Also, the proliferation inhibition and apoptosis induction of cancer cells were evaluated by MTT and flow cytometry (Annexin V-PI method) techniques, respectively. Additionally, cancer cell migration after miR-4800 transfection was assessed by wound-healing (scratch) assay. Results: The restoration of miR-4800 in MDA-MB-231 cells resulted in the decreased expression level of CXCR4 (P ˂ 0.01), ROCK1 (P ˂ 0.0001), CD44 (P ˂ 0.0001), and vimentin (P ˂ 0.0001) genes. Also, MTT results showed restoration of miR-4800 could significantly reduce cell viability rate (P ˂ 0.0001) compared with the control group. Cell migration remarkably inhibited (P ˂ 0.001) upon miR-4800 transfection in treated BC cells. Flow cytometry data demonstrated that miR-4800 replacement considerably induced apoptosis in cancer cells (P ˂ 0.001) compared with control cells. Conclusion: Taken together, it seems that miR-4800 can act as a tumor suppressor miRNA in BC and play an essential role in modulating apoptosis, migration, and metastasis in BC. Therefore, it may be suggested as a potential therapeutic target in treating BC by performing additional tests in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monireh Khordadmehr
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, 51665-1647, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Matin
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, 51665-1647, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 51666-14761, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 51666-14761, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elham Baghbani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 51666-14761, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farinaz Jigari-Asl
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, 51665-1647, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Noorolyai
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 51666-14761, Tabriz, Iran
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Araúzo-Bravo MJ, Erichsen L, Ott P, Beermann A, Sheikh J, Gerovska D, Thimm C, Bendhack ML, Santourlidis S. Consistent DNA Hypomethylations in Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010386. [PMID: 36613831 PMCID: PMC9820221 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
With approximately 1.4 million men annually diagnosed with prostate cancer (PCa) worldwide, PCa remains a dreaded threat to life and source of devastating morbidity. In recent decades, a significant decrease in age-specific PCa mortality has been achieved by increasing prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening and improving treatments. Nevertheless, upcoming, augmented recommendations against PSA screening underline an escalating disproportion between the benefit and harm of current diagnosis/prognosis and application of radical treatment standards. Undoubtedly, new potent diagnostic and prognostic tools are urgently needed to alleviate this tensed situation. They should allow a more reliable early assessment of the upcoming threat, in order to enable applying timely adjusted and personalized therapy and monitoring. Here, we present a basic study on an epigenetic screening approach by Methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation (MeDIP). We identified genes associated with hypomethylated CpG islands in three PCa sample cohorts. By adjusting our computational biology analyses to focus on single CpG-enriched 60-nucleotide-long DNA probes, we revealed numerous consistently differential methylated DNA segments in PCa. They were associated among other genes with NOTCH3, CDK2AP1, KLK4, and ADAM15. These can be used for early discrimination, and might contribute to a new epigenetic tumor classification system of PCa. Our analysis shows that we can dissect short, differential methylated CpG-rich DNA fragments and combinations of them that are consistently present in all tumors. We name them tumor cell-specific differential methylated CpG dinucleotide signatures (TUMS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos J. Araúzo-Bravo
- Computational Biology and Systems Biomedicine, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Lars Erichsen
- Epigenetics Core Laboratory, Medical Faculty, Institute of Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Pauline Ott
- Epigenetics Core Laboratory, Medical Faculty, Institute of Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Agnes Beermann
- Epigenetics Core Laboratory, Medical Faculty, Institute of Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jamal Sheikh
- Epigenetics Core Laboratory, Medical Faculty, Institute of Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Daniela Gerovska
- Computational Biology and Systems Biomedicine, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Chantelle Thimm
- Medical Faculty, Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marcelo L. Bendhack
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, Positivo University, Curitiba 80420-011, Brazil
| | - Simeon Santourlidis
- Epigenetics Core Laboratory, Medical Faculty, Institute of Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Modesto AAC, de Moraes MR, Valente CMD, Costa MSCR, Leal DFDVB, Pereira EEB, Fernandes MR, Pinheiro JADS, Pantoja KBCC, Moreira FC, Burbano RMR, de Assumpção PP, dos Santos NPC, dos Santos SEB. Association between INDELs in MicroRNAs and Susceptibility to Gastric Cancer in Amazonian Population. Genes (Basel) 2022; 14:genes14010060. [PMID: 36672804 PMCID: PMC9858651 DOI: 10.3390/genes14010060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a multifactorial, complex, and aggressive disease with a prevalence of one million new cases and high global mortality. Factors such as genetic, epigenetic, and environmental changes contribute to the onset and progression of the disease. Identification of INDELs in miRNA and its target sites in current studies showed an important role in the development of cancer. In GC, miRNAs act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors, favoring important cancer pathways, such as cell proliferation and migration. This work aims to investigate INDELs in the coding region of miRNAs (hsa-miR-302c, hsa-miR-548AJ-2, hsa-miR-4274, hsa-miR-630, hsa-miR-516B-2, hsa-miR-4463, hsa-miR-3945, hsa-miR-548H_4, hsa-miR-920, has-mir-3171, and hsa-miR-3652) that may be associated with susceptibility and clinical variants of gastric cancer. For this study, 301 patients with GC and 145 individuals from the control group were selected from an admixed population in the Brazilian Amazon. The results showed the hsa-miR-4463, hsa-miR-3945, hsa-miR-548H_4, hsa-miR-920 and hsa-miR-3652 variants were associated with gastric cancer susceptibility. The hsa-miR-4463 was significantly associated with clinical features of GC such as diffuse gastric tumor histological type, "non-cardia" localization region, and early onset. Our findings indicated that INDELs could be potentially functional genetic variants for gastric cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio A. C. Modesto
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, R. dos Mundurucus 4487, Guamá, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Milene R. de Moraes
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Cristina M. D. Valente
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Marta S. C. R. Costa
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, R. dos Mundurucus 4487, Guamá, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Diana F. da V. B. Leal
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, R. dos Mundurucus 4487, Guamá, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Esdras E. B. Pereira
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, R. dos Mundurucus 4487, Guamá, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Marianne R. Fernandes
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, R. dos Mundurucus 4487, Guamá, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-99123-4727
| | - Jhully A. dos S. Pinheiro
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Karla B. C. C. Pantoja
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, R. dos Mundurucus 4487, Guamá, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Fabiano C. Moreira
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, R. dos Mundurucus 4487, Guamá, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo P. de Assumpção
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, R. dos Mundurucus 4487, Guamá, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Ney P. C. dos Santos
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, R. dos Mundurucus 4487, Guamá, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Sidney E. B. dos Santos
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, R. dos Mundurucus 4487, Guamá, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
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The Transcription Factor Otc4A Stimulates the Proliferation, Invasion, and Stemness of Colorectal Cancer Cells by Inhibiting the Regulation of miR-7-5p on TLR4. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:7856629. [PMID: 36199554 PMCID: PMC9529417 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7856629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background To investigate the effects and mechanism of octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (Otc4A) on proliferation, invasion, and stemness of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. Methods Firstly, normal fetal human cells (FHC, colon epithelial cells) and HT29 cells (CRC cells) were cultured. The expression levels of Otc4A, miR-7-5p, and TLR4 in cells were then detected by qRT-PCR. CCK-8 was adopted to measure cell proliferation rate after Otc4A, miR-7-5p, and TLR4, respectively, were either knocked out or overexpressed in HT29 cells. Later, the cell viability was detected by cell cloning assay; cell invasion by transwell; cell sphere-forming ability by sphere-formation assay; protein expression level of Otc4A, p65, p-p65, and TLR4 by western blot; and the targeting relationships between miR-7-5p and Otc4A as well as miR-7-5p and TLR4 by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Finally, chromatin immunoprecipitation was applied to verify the interaction between Otc4A and miR-7-5p. Results In HT29 cells, Otc4A expression was significantly increased. Additionally, the knockdown of Otc4A prevented HT29 cells from proliferating, migrating, forming spheres, and activating NF–B signaling. Otc4A could negatively regulate miR-7-5p, and miR-7-5p could target TLR4 expression. Besides, a negative correlation was found between Otc4A and miR-7-5p. Finally, the knockdown of miR-7-5p or overexpression of TLR4 could significantly reverse the effect of the knockdown of Otc4A on HT29 cells. Conclusion The transcription factor Otc4A can regulate the level of TLR4 by inhibiting the expression of miR-7-5p and then promote the proliferation and invasion of CRC cell HT29 as well as enhance cell stemness.
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Investigating the Role of Circulating miRNAs as Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer: An Epidemiological Systematic Review. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092224. [PMID: 36140324 PMCID: PMC9496335 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Primary and secondary preventions are key to reducing the global burden. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding RNA molecules, which seem to have a role either as tumor suppressor genes or oncogenes and to be related to cancer risk factors, such as obesity and inflammation. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify circulating miRNAs related to CRC diagnosis that could be selected as biomarkers in a meet-in-the-middle analysis. Forty-four studies were included in the systematic review and nine studies in the meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of miR-21 for CRC diagnosis were 77% (95% CI: 69–84) and 82% (95% CI: 70–90), respectively, with an AUC of 0.86 (95% CI: 0.82–0.88). Several miRNAs were found to be dysregulated, distinguishing patients with CRC from healthy controls. However, little consistency was present across the included studies, making it challenging to identify specific miRNAs, which were consistently validated. Understanding the mechanisms by which miRNAs become biologically embedded in cancer initiation and promotion may help better understand cancer pathways to develop more effective prevention strategies and therapy approaches.
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Wang XW, Zhang CA, Ye M. Study on the Mechanism of Xiaotan Sanjie Recipe in the Treatment of Colon Cancer Based on Network Pharmacology. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:9498109. [PMID: 36033553 PMCID: PMC9410815 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9498109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study is to investigate the mechanism of action of Disulfiram against colon cancer through a network pharmacology approach. The targets were then imported into the Cytoscape 3.7.2 software to construct a network of active ingredient targets and were imported into the STRING database to construct a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and the Bisogenet plug-in in Cytoscape 3.7.2 was used for network topology analysis. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis were performed on the potential targets of Yiqi and Baiyu Tang for colon cancer using the R-language Bioconductor platform, and the results were imported into Cytoscape 3.7.2 to obtain KEGG network relationship maps. Molecular docking software Autodock Vina was used to map the core targets to the active ingredients. A total of 119 chemical components and 694 disease targets were obtained, including 113 intersecting targets. The key targets included AKT1 and TP53, and GO functional analysis mainly related to ubiquitination and apoptosis, etc. KEGG analysis showed that the treatment of colon cancer with Ganchenzan mainly acted through cancer-related signaling pathways such as AGE-RAGE and P13K-Akt, and the molecular docking results showed the best binding performance with TP53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-wei Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Ci-an Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Min Ye
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
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Styk J, Buglyó G, Pös O, Csók Á, Soltész B, Lukasz P, Repiská V, Nagy B, Szemes T. Extracellular Nucleic Acids in the Diagnosis and Progression of Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:3712. [PMID: 35954375 PMCID: PMC9367600 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the 3rd most common malignant neoplasm worldwide, with more than two million new cases diagnosed yearly. Despite increasing efforts in screening, many cases are still diagnosed at a late stage, when mortality is high. This paper briefly reviews known genetic causes of CRC (distinguishing between sporadic and familial forms) and discusses potential and confirmed nucleic acid biomarkers obtainable from liquid biopsies, classified by their molecular features, focusing on clinical relevance. We comment on advantageous aspects such as better patient compliance due to blood sampling being minimally invasive, the possibility to monitor mutation characteristics of sporadic and hereditary CRC in a disease showing genetic heterogeneity, and using up- or down-regulated circulating RNA markers to reveal metastasis or disease recurrence. Current difficulties and thoughts on some possible future directions are also discussed. We explore current evidence in the field pointing towards the introduction of personalized CRC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Styk
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia;
- Comenius University Science Park, Comenius University, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (O.P.); (B.N.); (T.S.)
- Geneton Ltd., 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Gergely Buglyó
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.B.); (Á.C.); (B.S.)
| | - Ondrej Pös
- Comenius University Science Park, Comenius University, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (O.P.); (B.N.); (T.S.)
- Geneton Ltd., 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ádám Csók
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.B.); (Á.C.); (B.S.)
| | - Beáta Soltész
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.B.); (Á.C.); (B.S.)
| | - Peter Lukasz
- Department of Surgery, Transplantation and Gastroenterology, Semmelweis University, 1082 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Vanda Repiská
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia;
- Medirex Group Academy, n.p.o., 949 05 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Bálint Nagy
- Comenius University Science Park, Comenius University, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (O.P.); (B.N.); (T.S.)
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.B.); (Á.C.); (B.S.)
| | - Tomáš Szemes
- Comenius University Science Park, Comenius University, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (O.P.); (B.N.); (T.S.)
- Geneton Ltd., 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, 842 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
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11
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Lin H, Peng J, Zhu T, Xiong M, Zhang R, Lei L. Exosomal miR-4800-3p Aggravates the Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Regulating the Hippo Signaling Pathway by Targeting STK25. Front Oncol 2022; 12:759864. [PMID: 35756606 PMCID: PMC9214204 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.759864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Emerging evidence has shown that exosome microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, the influences of miR-4800-3p on the progression of HCC were explored. Materials and Methods The expression of miR-4800-3p in the exosome derived by transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1)-treated HCC cells and the serum exosome isolated from HCC patients were identified by real-time PCR. The effects of TGF-β1 and the influences of Huh7-secreted exosomes and the effects of miR-4800-3p combined with/without STK25 on cell functions were explored using the EdU assay cloning experiments, wound healing assay, and Transwell assay. The corresponding molecular mechanisms were further detected using Western blot and real-time PCR assays. The combination of miR-4800-3p and STK25 was verified by the dual-luciferase and RNA pulldown assays. The influences of miR-4800-3p on the growth and epithelial–mesenchymal transformation (EMT) of implanted tumors were tested in vivo and further confirmed by Western blot. Results The miR-4800-3p expression was highly expressed in both exosomes derived by TGF-β1-treated HCC cells and the serum exosomes of HCC patients. In the cases of treatment with both Huh7-derived exosomes, the level of miR-4800-3p expression was highest, and the treatment of TGF-β1 could greatly promote the proliferation, stemness, migration, and invasion of HCC cells via upregulating the markers of stemness and EMT, including CD44, CD133, OCT4, N-cadherin, E-cadherin, and ZO-1. Similar results could be obtained when miR-4800-3p was overexpressed in HCC cells. Furthermore, downregulation of STK25 expression, a direct target gene of miR-4800-3p, could greatly rescue the malignant biological behaviors aggravated by overexpression of miR-4800-3p. This was achieved by suppressing the expression of CD44, CD133, OCT4, N-cadherin, and PCNA and activating the Hippo pathway while increasing E-cadherin and ZO-1. Similar results were also obtained in vivo that knockdown of miR-4800-3p expression suppressed tumor growth induced by Huh7-derived exosomes by mediating the EMT markers and the Hippo signaling pathway. Conclusion Exosomal miR-4800-3p could accelerate HCC development by regulating the Hippo signal by targeting STK25, which could be used as a new therapeutic target for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoming Lin
- Department of HBP Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jicai Peng
- Department of Emergency, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Taifeng Zhu
- Department of HBP Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meihong Xiong
- Department of HBP Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of HBP Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liming Lei
- Department of Intensive Care Unit of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangzhou, China
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12
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Tan J, Lu T, Xu J, Hou Y, Chen Z, Zhou K, Ding Y, Jiang B, Zhu Y. MicroRNA-4463 facilitates the development of colon cancer by suppression of the expression of PPP1R12B. Clin Transl Oncol 2022; 24:1115-1123. [PMID: 35064454 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-021-02752-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In the present work, we investigated the expression pattern of miR-4463 in the non-metastasis and metastasis colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and its regulation axis. METHODS RT-qPCR assay was performed to assess miR-4463 expression in the serum and tissues of patients with non-metastasis and metastasis, and in the CRC cell lines. MTT assay, colony formation assay, transwell assay, and flow cytometry assay were used to examine the role of miR-4463 in CRC cell viability, proliferation, and migration. Bioinformatic analysis was used to identify the potential target gene of miR-4463, and the targeting relationship between miR-4463 and PPP1R12B was verified in vitro using dual luciferase assay. Western blotting assay was used to determine the protein level of the target gene PPP1R12B in CRC cells under the transfections of miR-4463 mimic, inhibitor and vectors overexpressing PPP1R12B. RESULTS miR-4463 was markedly increased in the non-metastasis CRC tissues, and increased even higher in the metastasis CRC tissues, while miR-4463 expression had no significant difference in serum from non-metastasis and metastasis CRC samples. Besides, miR-4463 was upregulated in CRC cell lines. Functionally, miR-4463 promoted CRC cell proliferation, migration, and inhibiting cell apoptosis. Further analysis revealed that the miR-4463/PPP1R12B axis was responsible for the role of this miRNA. CONCLUSION We reported the roles of miR-4463 in CRC proliferation and migration, supporting that miR-4463 could be a potential predictive diagnostic marker for colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Tan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - T Lu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - J Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Y Hou
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Z Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - K Zhou
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Y Ding
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - B Jiang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Y Zhu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210001, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Liquid Biopsy as a Source of Nucleic Acid Biomarkers in the Diagnosis and Management of Lynch Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084284. [PMID: 35457101 PMCID: PMC9029375 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lynch syndrome (LS) is an autosomal dominant inherited cancer predisposition disorder, which may manifest as colorectal cancer (CRC), endometrial cancer (EC) or other malignancies of the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tract as well as the skin and brain. Its genetic cause is a defect in one of the four key DNA mismatch repair (MMR) loci. Testing of patients at risk is currently based on the absence of MMR protein staining and detection of mutations in cancer tissue and the germline, microsatellite instability (MSI) and the hypermethylated state of the MLH1 promoter. If LS is shown to have caused CRC, lifetime follow-up with regular screening (most importantly, colonoscopy) is required. In recent years, DNA and RNA markers extracted from liquid biopsies have found some use in the clinical diagnosis of LS. They have the potential to greatly enhance the efficiency of the follow-up process by making it minimally invasive, reproducible, and time effective. Here, we review markers reported in the literature and their current clinical applications, and we comment on possible future directions.
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Handa T, Kuroha M, Nagai H, Shimoyama Y, Naito T, Moroi R, Kanazawa Y, Shiga H, Kakuta Y, Kinouchi Y, Masamune A. Liquid Biopsy for Colorectal Adenoma: Is the Exosomal miRNA Derived From Organoid a Potential Diagnostic Biomarker? Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2021; 12:e00356. [PMID: 33979310 PMCID: PMC8116025 DOI: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can serve as tumor biomarkers; however, their role in evaluating colorectal adenoma (CRA) is unclear. Recently, the organoid culture system enabled long-term expansion of human colon epithelium. This study aimed to examine the potential of exosomal miRNAs extracted from CRA organoids as biomarkers in the clinical liquid biopsy CRA test. METHODS We established organoid cultures from normal colon and CRA using resected specimens. Exosomes were isolated from the conditioned medium organoids. MiRNAs were isolated from the exosomes, and their expression profiles were compared using microarray analysis. To identify miRNA candidates for liquid biopsy, we prospectively compared changes in their expression in serum and exosomes before and after endoscopic resection in 26 patients with CRA. RESULTS Seven exosomal miRNAs were overexpressed in CRA organoids: miR-4323, miR-4284, miR-1268a, miR-1290, miR-6766-3p, miR-21-5p, and miR-1246. The expression levels of 4 exosomal miRNAs (miR-4323, miR-4284, miR-1290, and miR-1246) and 2 serum miRNAs (miR-1290 and miR-1246) were significantly lower in posttreatment sera. The combined expression of 4 exosomal miRNAs could identify both CRA and large-size (>12.6 cm2) CRA with respective areas under the curve of 0.698 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.536-0.823) and 0.834 (95% CI = 0.660-0.929). Combinations of 2-serum miRNA expression values could identify both CRA and large-size CRA with respective area under the curves of 0.691 (95% CI = 0.528-0.817) and 0.834 (95% CI = 0.628-0.938). DISCUSSION We found that exosomal miRNAs derived from the CRA organoid culture could be potential diagnostic biomarkers for CRA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Handa
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masatake Kuroha
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nagai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shirakawa Kosei General Hospital, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yusuke Shimoyama
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takeo Naito
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Rintaro Moroi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshitake Kanazawa
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hisashi Shiga
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoichi Kakuta
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Kinouchi
- Health Administration Center, Center for the Advancement of Higher Education, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Atsushi Masamune
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Dias F, Almeida C, Teixeira AL, Morais M, Medeiros R. LAT1 and ASCT2 Related microRNAs as Potential New Therapeutic Agents against Colorectal Cancer Progression. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9020195. [PMID: 33669301 PMCID: PMC7920065 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) have been associated with genetic and epigenetic alterations and more recently with changes in cell metabolism. Amino acid transporters are key players in tumor development, and it is described that tumor cells upregulate some AA transporters in order to support the increased amino acid (AA) intake to sustain the tumor additional needs for tumor growth and proliferation through the activation of several signaling pathways. LAT1 and ASCT2 are two AA transporters involved in the regulation of the mTOR pathway that has been reported as upregulated in CRC. Some attempts have been made in order to develop therapeutic approaches to target these AA transporters, however none have reached the clinical setting so far. MiRNA-based therapies have been gaining increasing attention from pharmaceutical companies and now several miRNA-based drugs are currently in clinical trials with promising results. In this review we combine a bioinformatic approach with a literature review in order to identify a miRNA profile with the potential to target both LAT1 and ASCT2 with potential to be used as a therapeutic approach against CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Dias
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), Research Center—LAB2, E Bdg 1st Floor, Rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (F.D.); (C.A.); (M.M.); (R.M.)
| | - Cristina Almeida
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), Research Center—LAB2, E Bdg 1st Floor, Rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (F.D.); (C.A.); (M.M.); (R.M.)
- Research Department of the Portuguese League against Cancer Regional Nucleus of the North (LPCC-NRN), Estrada da Circunvalação 6657, 4200-177 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Luísa Teixeira
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), Research Center—LAB2, E Bdg 1st Floor, Rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (F.D.); (C.A.); (M.M.); (R.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-225084000 (ext. 5410)
| | - Mariana Morais
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), Research Center—LAB2, E Bdg 1st Floor, Rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (F.D.); (C.A.); (M.M.); (R.M.)
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-513 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Medeiros
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), Research Center—LAB2, E Bdg 1st Floor, Rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (F.D.); (C.A.); (M.M.); (R.M.)
- Research Department of the Portuguese League against Cancer Regional Nucleus of the North (LPCC-NRN), Estrada da Circunvalação 6657, 4200-177 Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-513 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto (FMUP), Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Biomedical Research Center (CEBIMED), Faculty of Health Sciences of Fernando Pessoa University (UFP), Praça 9 de Abril 349, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal
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Urh K, Žlajpah M, Zidar N, Boštjančič E. Identification and Validation of New Cancer Stem Cell-Related Genes and Their Regulatory microRNAs in Colorectal Cancerogenesis. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9020179. [PMID: 33670246 PMCID: PMC7916981 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Significant progress has been made in the last decade in our understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms of colorectal cancer (CRC). Cancer stem cells (CSC) have gained much attention and are now believed to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of various cancers, including CRC. In the current study, we validated gene expression of four genes related to CSC, L1TD1, SLITRK6, ST6GALNAC1 and TCEA3, identified in a previous bioinformatics analysis. Using bioinformatics, potential miRNA-target gene correlations were prioritized. In total, 70 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded biopsy samples from 47 patients with adenoma, adenoma with early carcinoma and CRC without and with lymph node metastases were included. The expression of selected genes and microRNAs (miRNAs) was evaluated using quantitative PCR. Differential expression of all investigated genes and four of six prioritized miRNAs (hsa-miR-199a-3p, hsa-miR-335-5p, hsa-miR-425-5p, hsa-miR-1225-3p, hsa-miR-1233-3p and hsa-miR-1303) was found in at least one group of CRC cancerogenesis. L1TD1, SLITRK6, miR-1233-3p and miR-1225-3p were correlated to the level of malignancy. A negative correlation between miR-199a-3p and its predicted target SLITRK6 was observed, showing potential for further experimental validation in CRC. Our results provide further evidence that CSC-related genes and their regulatory miRNAs are involved in CRC development and progression and suggest that some them, particularly miR-199a-3p and its SLITRK6 target gene, are promising for further validation in CRC.
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Francone E, Gentilli S, Santori G, Stabilini C, Fornaro R, Frascio M. MicroRNAs differential expression profile in metastatic colorectal cancer: A pilot study with literature review. Surg Oncol 2021; 37:101524. [PMID: 33556883 DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2021.101524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Colorectal cancer is still one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide and specific tools to improve disease assessment and treatment response are advocated. The aim of this study was to analyze miRNAs expression in metastatic and non-metastatic colorectal cancer, in order to identify reliable biomarkers suitable for prognosis, treatment and patient's monitoring. MATERIAL AND METHODS Among 25 patients (mean age 71 ± 12 years; Female/Male: 12/13) submitted to laparoscopic colorectal resection between August 2017 and February 2019, miRNAs were extracted from fresh frozen tissues of solid tumors. Gene expression's analysis arising from microarray technology was performed. RESULTS Pathological evaluation identified 15 metastatic patients (8 presenting with stage III and 7 with stage IV cancers) and 10 non-metastatic patients (4 presenting with stage I and 6 stage II cancers). Bioinformatic analysis of solid biopsies revealed 16 miRNAs (11 upregulated and 5 downregulated) differently expressed between metastatic and non-metastatic groups, with three miRNAs (miR-7515, miR-7109-5p and miR-6831-5p) never linked to colorectal cancer before. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed an association between miRNAs and metastatic colorectal cancer, suggesting their potential role as biomarkers for tumor management, if confirmed by further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Francone
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.
| | - Sergio Gentilli
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Gregorio Santori
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Cesare Stabilini
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Rosario Fornaro
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marco Frascio
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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Identification and Validation of Potential miRNAs, as Biomarkers for Sepsis and Associated Lung Injury: A Network-Based Approach. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11111327. [PMID: 33182754 PMCID: PMC7696689 DOI: 10.3390/genes11111327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a dysregulated immune response disease affecting millions worldwide. Delayed diagnosis, poor prognosis, and disease heterogeneity make its treatment ineffective. miRNAs are imposingly involved in personalized medicine such as therapeutics, due to their high sensitivity and accuracy. Our study aimed to reveal the biomarkers that may be involved in the dysregulated immune response in sepsis and lung injury using a computational approach and in vivo validation studies. A sepsis miRNA Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset based on the former analysis of blood samples was used to identify differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and associated hub genes. Sepsis-associated genes from the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) that overlapped with identified DEM targets were utilized for network construction. In total, 317 genes were found to be regulated by 10 DEMs (three upregulated, namely miR-4634, miR-4638-5p, and miR-4769-5p, and seven downregulated, namely miR-4299, miR-451a, miR181a-2-3p, miR-16-5p, miR-5704, miR-144-3p, and miR-1290). Overall hub genes (HIP1, GJC1, MDM4, IL6R, and ERC1) and for miR-16-5p (SYNRG, TNRC6B, and LAMTOR3) were identified based on centrality measures (degree, betweenness, and closeness). In vivo validation of miRNAs in lung tissue showed significantly downregulated expression of miR-16-5p corroborating with our computational findings, whereas expression of miR-181a-2-3p and miR-451a were found to be upregulated in contrast to the computational approach. In conclusion, the differential expression pattern of miRNAs and hub genes reported in this study may help to unravel many unexplored regulatory pathways, leading to the identification of critical molecular targets for increased prognosis, diagnosis, and drug efficacy in sepsis and associated organ injuries.
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Gasparello J, Papi C, Allegretti M, Giordani E, Carboni F, Zazza S, Pescarmona E, Romania P, Giacomini P, Scapoli C, Gambari R, Finotti A. A Distinctive microRNA (miRNA) Signature in the Blood of Colorectal Cancer (CRC) Patients at Surgery. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092410. [PMID: 32854257 PMCID: PMC7564483 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Liquid biopsy (LB) provides an examination of the peripheral blood of cancer patients for circulating tumor cells, cell-free nucleic acids and microRNAs (miRNAs) and is an established tool of precision medicine. Unlike most previous LB studies that focused on advanced metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC), we assessed miRNA dysregulation in blood samples obtained on the day of surgery from patients with primary CRC lesions but no clinical evidence of extra-colonic diffusion. In this study, plasma preparation included miRNAs associated to exosomes, but excluded large macrovesicles from the preparation. Methods: The miRNA profile in plasma isolated from a cohort of 35 CRC patients at the day of surgery was analyzed by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) and further confirmed by droplet digital RT-PCR (dd-RT-PCR). Results: A miR-141-3p/miR-221-3p/miR-222-3p upregulation signature previously described in advanced CRC did not discriminate the analyzed early-CRC cohort from six tumor-free donors (Tf-D). In contrast, NGS-based miRNome analysis of a training cohort of five CRC and three tumor-free donors identified a novel, distinct nine miRNA signature comprising five up-regulated and four down-regulated miRNAs, six of which could be confirmed in the full CRC and tumor-free donor validation dataset by dd-RT-PCR. Additionally, a KRAS (Kirsten Rat Sarcoma Viral Oncogene Homolog) mutant status was correlated with the plasma content of three identified miRNAs. Conclusions: When the data obtained were comparatively evaluated, at least one of the miRNAs belonging to the signature list was found to be dysregulated in 34/35 (97.1%) of our early-CRC plasma samples. The miRNA list provides diagnostic markers as well as possible molecular targets for protocols focusing on “microRNA therapeutics”.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Gasparello
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Ferrara University, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (J.G.); (C.P.); (C.S.)
| | - Chiara Papi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Ferrara University, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (J.G.); (C.P.); (C.S.)
| | - Matteo Allegretti
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics, IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (M.A.); (E.G.); (P.R.); (P.G.)
| | - Elena Giordani
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics, IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (M.A.); (E.G.); (P.R.); (P.G.)
| | - Fabio Carboni
- Digestive Surgery, IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (S.Z.)
| | - Settimio Zazza
- Digestive Surgery, IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (F.C.); (S.Z.)
| | - Edoardo Pescarmona
- Pathology, IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy;
| | - Paolo Romania
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics, IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (M.A.); (E.G.); (P.R.); (P.G.)
| | - Patrizio Giacomini
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics, IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (M.A.); (E.G.); (P.R.); (P.G.)
| | - Chiara Scapoli
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Ferrara University, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (J.G.); (C.P.); (C.S.)
| | - Roberto Gambari
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Ferrara University, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (J.G.); (C.P.); (C.S.)
- Correspondence: (R.G.); (A.F.); Tel.: +39-0532-974443 (R.G.); +39-0532-974510 (A.F.); Fax: +39-0532-974500 (R.G. & A.F.)
| | - Alessia Finotti
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Ferrara University, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (J.G.); (C.P.); (C.S.)
- Correspondence: (R.G.); (A.F.); Tel.: +39-0532-974443 (R.G.); +39-0532-974510 (A.F.); Fax: +39-0532-974500 (R.G. & A.F.)
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Tanman Ü, Yangın S, Cansaran-Duman D. Determination of Dysregulated miRNA Expression Levels by qRT-PCR after the Application of Usnic Acid to Breast Cancer. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 20:548-558. [DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666190923163552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background and Purpose:
Breast cancer still remains to be one of the most threatening cancer types
in women. Recent studies have allowed scientists to better investigate the potential use of natural compounds in
the treatment of breast cancers. Usnic acid is a secondary metabolite extracted from lichen species and has many
biological activities. The response of microRNAs regulated by drug molecules may provide useful diagnostic
and prognostic biomarkers, as well as potential therapeutics for breast cancers. Although the aberrant expression
of microRNAs was observed after drug treatment, the regulatory mechanisms remain partially known. Micro
RNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in gene regulation at the post-transcriptional level.
Methods:
In this study, we used quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR) technology to demonstrate that usnic
acid significantly changes the expression profile of miRNAs.
Results:
Eleven miRNAs were significantly and differentially expressed in breast cancer cells after treatment
with usnic acid. Three miRNAs were up-regulated, while eight were down-regulated in usnic acid treated cells.
Target prediction and GO analysis revealed many target genes and their related pathways that are potentially
regulated by usnic acid regulated differentially expressed miRNAs. We found that usnic acid treatment caused
significant changes in the expression of hsa-miR-5006-5p, hsa-miR-892c-3p, hsa-miR-4430, hsa-miR-5194,
hsa-miR-3198, hsa-miR-3171, hsa-miR-933 and hsa-miR-185-3p in breast cancer cells.
Conclusions:
Usnic acid response miRNAs might play important regulatory roles in the tumorigenesis and
development of breast cancer, and they could serve as prognostic predictors for breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ümmügülsüm Tanman
- Ankara University, Biotechnology Institute, System Biotechnology Advance Research Unit, Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sevcan Yangın
- Ankara University, Biotechnology Institute, System Biotechnology Advance Research Unit, Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Demet Cansaran-Duman
- Ankara University, Biotechnology Institute, System Biotechnology Advance Research Unit, Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey
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21
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Siskova A, Cervena K, Kral J, Hucl T, Vodicka P, Vymetalkova V. Colorectal Adenomas-Genetics and Searching for New Molecular Screening Biomarkers. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093260. [PMID: 32380676 PMCID: PMC7247353 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignant disease with an incidence of over 1.8 million new cases per year worldwide. CRC outcome is closely related to the respective stage of CRC and is more favorable at less advanced stages. Detection of early colorectal adenomas is the key to survival. In spite of implemented screening programs showing efficiency in the detection of early precancerous lesions and CRC in asymptomatic patients, a significant number of patients are still diagnosed in advanced stages. Research on CRC accomplished during the last decade has improved our understanding of the etiology and development of colorectal adenomas and revealed weaknesses in the general approach to their detection and elimination. Recent studies seek to find a reliable non-invasive biomarker detectable even in the blood. New candidate biomarkers could be selected on the basis of so-called liquid biopsy, such as long non-coding RNA, microRNA, circulating cell-free DNA, circulating tumor cells, and inflammatory factors released from the adenoma into circulation. In this work, we focused on both genetic and epigenetic changes associated with the development of colorectal adenomas into colorectal carcinoma and we also discuss new possible biomarkers that are detectable even in adenomas prior to cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Siskova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.C.); (J.K.); (V.V.)
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Albertov 4, 12800 Prague, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (P.V.); Tel.: +420-241062251 (A.S.); +420-241062694 (P.V.)
| | - Klara Cervena
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.C.); (J.K.); (V.V.)
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Albertov 4, 12800 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kral
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.C.); (J.K.); (V.V.)
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Videnska 1958/9, 14021 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Tomas Hucl
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Videnska 1958/9, 14021 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Pavel Vodicka
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.C.); (J.K.); (V.V.)
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Albertov 4, 12800 Prague, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 76, 32300 Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (P.V.); Tel.: +420-241062251 (A.S.); +420-241062694 (P.V.)
| | - Veronika Vymetalkova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.C.); (J.K.); (V.V.)
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Albertov 4, 12800 Prague, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 76, 32300 Pilsen, Czech Republic
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22
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Takagawa Y, Gen Y, Muramatsu T, Tanimoto K, Inoue J, Harada H, Inazawa J. miR-1293, a Candidate for miRNA-Based Cancer Therapeutics, Simultaneously Targets BRD4 and the DNA Repair Pathway. Mol Ther 2020; 28:1494-1505. [PMID: 32320642 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BRD4, a member of the bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) protein family, plays a role in the organization of super-enhancers and transcriptional activation of oncogenes in cancer and is recognized as a promising target for cancer therapy. microRNAs (miRNAs), endogenous small noncoding RNAs, cause mRNA degradation or inhibit protein translation of their target genes by binding to complementary sequences. miRNA mimics simultaneously targeting several tumor-promoting genes and BRD4 may be useful as therapeutic agents of tumor-suppressive miRNAs (TS-miRs) for cancer therapy. To investigate TS-miRs for the development of miRNA-based cancer therapeutics, we performed function-based screening in 10 cancer cell lines with a library containing 2,565 human miRNA mimics. Consequently, miR-1293, miR-876-3p, and miR-6571-5p were identified as TS-miRs targeting BRD4 in this screening. Notably, miR-1293 also suppressed DNA repair pathways by directly suppressing the DNA repair genes APEX1 (apurinic-apyrimidinic endonuclease 1), RPA1 (replication protein A1), and POLD4 (DNA polymerase delta 4, accessory subunit). Concurrent suppression of BRD4 and these DNA repair genes synergistically inhibited tumor cell growth in vitro. Furthermore, administration of miR-1293 suppressed in vivo tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model. These results suggest that miR-1293 is a candidate for the development of miRNA-based cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Takagawa
- Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Gen
- Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Tomoki Muramatsu
- Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kousuke Tanimoto
- Genome Laboratory, Medical Research Institute, TMDU, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Inoue
- Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Harada
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Johji Inazawa
- Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Bioresource Research Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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23
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Rong Z, Rong Y, Li Y, Zhang L, Peng J, Zou B, Zhou N, Pan Z. Development of a Novel Six-miRNA-Based Model to Predict Overall Survival Among Colon Adenocarcinoma Patients. Front Oncol 2020; 10:26. [PMID: 32154160 PMCID: PMC7047168 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Colon carcinoma is a common malignant tumor worldwide. Accurately predicting prognosis of colon adenocarcinoma (CA) patients may facilitate clinical individual decision-making. Many studies have reported that microRNAs (miRNAs) were associated with prognosis for patients with colon carcinoma. This study aimed to identify the prognosis-related miRNAs for predicting the overall survival (OS) of CA patients. Methods: Firstly, we analyzed the CA datasets from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and looked for the prognosis-related miRNAs. Then, we developed a novel prediction model based on these miRNAs and the clinical characteristics. Time-dependent receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves and calibration plots were used to evaluate the discrimination and accuracy of the signature and model. Finally, cell function assays and bioinformatics analyses were performed to evaluate the role of these selected miRNAs in modulating biological process in CA. Results: Six prognosis-related miRNAs were included in the miRNA-based signature, and it could effectively distinguish low-risk patients and high-risk patients. Furthermore, we established a prognostic model incorporating the six-miRNA-based signature and clinical characteristics. Areas under curves (AUCs) indicated that the six-miRNA-based model has a better predictive ability than TNM stage (AUC: 0.805 vs. 0.694). The calibration plots suggested close agreement between model predictions and actual observations. GO analysis showed that the target genes of these miRNAs are mainly involved in enrichment in protein binding and regulation of transcript and cytosol. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis indicated that these genes were mainly enriched in PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Finally, we found that the five miRNAs except miR-152 were upregulated in tumor tissues and CA cells. The functional experiments revealed that miR-1245a, miR-3682, miR-33b, and miR-5683 promoted the migratory abilities and proliferation of CA cell, whereas miR-152 showed opposite effects. However, miR-4444-2 did not influence the migratory ability and proliferation of CA cell. Conclusions: In conclusion, we developed a novel six-miRNA-based model to predict 5-year survival probabilities for CA patients. This model has the potential to facilitate individualized treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxiang Rong
- Department of General Surgery, New Rongqi Hospital, Foshan, China
| | - Yi Rong
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingru Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingwen Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baojia Zou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Nan Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zihao Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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24
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Sastre D, Baiochi J, de Souza Lima IM, Canto de Souza F, Corveloni AC, Thomé CH, Faça VM, Schiavinato JLDS, Covas DT, Panepucci RA. Focused screening reveals functional effects of microRNAs differentially expressed in colorectal cancer. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:1239. [PMID: 31864341 PMCID: PMC6925883 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6468-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is still a leading cause of death worldwide. Recent studies have pointed to an important role of microRNAs in carcinogenesis. Several microRNAs are described as aberrantly expressed in CRC tissues and in the serum of patients. However, functional outcomes of microRNA aberrant expression still need to be explored at the cellular level. Here, we aimed to investigate the effects of microRNAs aberrantly expressed in CRC samples in the proliferation and cell death of a CRC cell line. METHODS We transfected 31 microRNA mimics into HCT116 cells. Total number of live propidium iodide negative (PI-) and dead (PI+) cells were measured 4 days post-transfection by using a high content screening (HCS) approach. HCS was further used to evaluate apoptosis (via Annexin V and PI staining), and to discern between intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways, by detecting cleaved Caspase 9 and 8, respectively. To reveal mRNA targets and potentially involved mechanisms, we performed microarray gene expression and functional pathway enrichment analysis. Quantitative PCR and western blot were used to validate potential mRNA targets. RESULTS Twenty microRNAs altered the proliferation of HCT116 cells in comparison to control. miR-22-3p, miR-24-3p, and miR-101-3p significantly repressed cell proliferation and induced cell death. Interestingly, all anti-proliferative microRNAs in our study had been previously described as poorly expressed in the CRC samples. Predicted miR-101-3p targets that were also downregulated by in our microarray were enriched for genes associated with Wnt and cancer pathways, including MCL-1, a member of the BCL-2 family, involved in apoptosis. Interestingly, miR-101-3p preferentially downregulated the long anti-apoptotic MCL-1 L isoform, and reduced cell survival specifically by activating the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. Moreover, miR-101-3p also downregulated IL6ST, STAT3A/B, and MYC mRNA levels, genes associated with stemness properties of CRC cells. CONCLUSIONS microRNAs upregulated in CRC tend to induce proliferation in vitro, whereas microRNAs poorly expressed in CRC halt proliferation and induce cell death. We provide novel evidence linking preferential inhibition of the anti-apoptotic MCL-1 L isoform by miR-101-3p and consequent activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway as potential mechanisms for its antitumoral activity, likely due to the inhibition of the IL-6/JAK/STAT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danuta Sastre
- Laboratory of Human and Medical Genetics, Federal University of Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa, 01. Guamá., Belém, Pará CEP 66075-110 Brazil
- Laboratory of Functional Biology (LFBio), Center for Cell-Based Therapy (CTC), Regional Blood Center, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), R. Ten. Catão Roxo, 2501., Ribeirão Preto, SP 14051-140 Brazil
| | - João Baiochi
- Laboratory of Functional Biology (LFBio), Center for Cell-Based Therapy (CTC), Regional Blood Center, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), R. Ten. Catão Roxo, 2501., Ribeirão Preto, SP 14051-140 Brazil
| | - Ildercilio Mota de Souza Lima
- Laboratory of Functional Biology (LFBio), Center for Cell-Based Therapy (CTC), Regional Blood Center, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), R. Ten. Catão Roxo, 2501., Ribeirão Preto, SP 14051-140 Brazil
| | - Felipe Canto de Souza
- Laboratory of Functional Biology (LFBio), Center for Cell-Based Therapy (CTC), Regional Blood Center, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), R. Ten. Catão Roxo, 2501., Ribeirão Preto, SP 14051-140 Brazil
| | - Amanda Cristina Corveloni
- Laboratory of Functional Biology (LFBio), Center for Cell-Based Therapy (CTC), Regional Blood Center, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), R. Ten. Catão Roxo, 2501., Ribeirão Preto, SP 14051-140 Brazil
| | - Carolina Hassib Thomé
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900 - Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14049-900 Brazil
| | - Vitor Marcel Faça
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900 - Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14049-900 Brazil
| | - Josiane Lilian dos Santos Schiavinato
- Laboratory of Functional Biology (LFBio), Center for Cell-Based Therapy (CTC), Regional Blood Center, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), R. Ten. Catão Roxo, 2501., Ribeirão Preto, SP 14051-140 Brazil
| | - Dimas Tadeu Covas
- Laboratory of Functional Biology (LFBio), Center for Cell-Based Therapy (CTC), Regional Blood Center, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), R. Ten. Catão Roxo, 2501., Ribeirão Preto, SP 14051-140 Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Alexandre Panepucci
- Laboratory of Functional Biology (LFBio), Center for Cell-Based Therapy (CTC), Regional Blood Center, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), R. Ten. Catão Roxo, 2501., Ribeirão Preto, SP 14051-140 Brazil
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25
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A Circulating miRNA-Based Scoring System Established by WGCNA to Predict Colon Cancer. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2019; 2019:1571045. [PMID: 31871878 PMCID: PMC6913280 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1571045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Circulation microRNAs (miRNAs) perform as potential diagnostic biomarkers of many kinds of cancers. This study is aimed at identifying circulation miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers in colon cancer. Methods We conducted a weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) in miRNAs to find out the expression pattern among circulation miRNAs by using a “WGCNA” package in R. Correlation analysis was performed to find cancer-related modules. Differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRs) in colon cancer were identified by a “limma” package in R. Hub gene analysis was conducted for these DEmiRs in the cancer-related modules by the “closeness” method in cytoscape software. Then, logistic regression was performed to identify the independent risk factors, and a scoring system was constructed based on these independent risk factors. Then, we use data from the GEO database to confirm the reliability of this scoring system. Results A total of 9 independent coexpression modules were constructed based on the expression levels of 848 miRNAs by WGCNA. After correlation analysis, green (cor = 0.77, p = 3 × 10‐25) and yellow (cor = 0.65, p = 6 × 10‐16) modules were strongly correlated with cancer development. 20 hub genes were found after hub gene analysis in these DEmiRs by cytoscape. Among all these hub genes, hsa-miR-23a-3p (OR = 2.6391, p = 6.23 × 10‐5) and hsa-miR-663a (OR = 1.4220, p = 0.0069) were identified as an independent risk factor of colon cancer by multivariate regression. Furthermore, a scoring system was built to predict the probability of colon cancer based on both of these miRNAs, the area under the curve (AUC) of which was 0.828. Data from GSE106817 and GSE112264 was used to confirm this scoring system. And the AUC of them was 0.980 and 0.917, respectively. Conclusion We built a scoring system based on circulation hub miRNAs found by WGCNA to predict the development of colon cancer.
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26
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Zanutto S, Ciniselli CM, Belfiore A, Lecchi M, Masci E, Delconte G, Primignani M, Tosetti G, Dal Fante M, Fazzini L, Airoldi A, Vangeli M, Turpini F, Rubis Passoni GG, Viaggi P, Arena M, Motta RIO, Cantù AM, Crosta C, De Roberto G, Iannuzzi F, Cassinotti A, Dall'Olio V, Tizzoni L, Sozzi G, Meroni E, Bisanti L, Pierotti MA, Verderio P, Gariboldi M. Plasma miRNA-based signatures in CRC screening programs. Int J Cancer 2019; 146:1164-1173. [PMID: 31304978 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programs help diagnose cancer precursors and early cancers and help reduce CRC mortality. However, currently recommended tests, the fecal immunochemical test (FIT) and colonoscopy, have low uptake. There is therefore a pressing need for screening strategies that are minimally invasive and consequently more acceptable to patients, most likely blood based, to increase early CRC identification. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) released from cancer cells are detectable in plasma in a remarkably stable form, making them ideal cancer biomarkers. Using plasma samples from FIT-positive (FIT+) subjects in an Italian CRC screening program, we aimed to identify plasma circulating miRNAs that detect early CRC. miRNAs were initially investigated by quantitative real-time PCR in plasma from 60 FIT+ subjects undergoing colonoscopy at Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, then tested on an internal validation cohort (IVC, 201 cases) and finally in a large multicenter prospective series (external validation cohort [EVC], 1121 cases). For each endoscopic lesion (low-grade adenoma [LgA], high-grade adenoma [HgA], cancer lesion [CL]), specific signatures were identified in the IVC and confirmed on the EVC. A two-miRNA-based signature for CL and six-miRNA signatures for LgA and HgA were selected. In a multivariate analysis including sex and age at blood collection, the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (95% confidence interval) of the signatures were 0.644 (0.607-0.682), 0.670 (0.626-0.714) and 0.682 (0.580-0.785) for LgA, HgA and CL, respectively. A miRNA-based test could be introduced into the FIT+ workflow of CRC screening programs so as to schedule colonoscopies only for subjects likely to benefit most.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Zanutto
- Tumor Genomics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.,Molecular Genetics of Cancer Unit, Fondazione Istituto FIRC Oncologia Molecolare (IFOM), Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Maura Ciniselli
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonino Belfiore
- Tumor Genomics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.,Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Mara Lecchi
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Enzo Masci
- Diagnostic and Therapeutic Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriele Delconte
- Diagnostic and Therapeutic Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Primignani
- CRC "A. M. e A. Migliavacca" Center for Liver Disease, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Tosetti
- CRC "A. M. e A. Migliavacca" Center for Liver Disease, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Dal Fante
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Humanitas San Pio X, Milan, Italy
| | - Linda Fazzini
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Humanitas San Pio X, Milan, Italy
| | - Aldo Airoldi
- Hepatology and Gastroenterology Unit, Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Marcello Vangeli
- Hepatology and Gastroenterology Unit, Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Turpini
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Department of Gastro Hepatology, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Carlo Borromeo Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Giuseppe Rubis Passoni
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Department of Gastro Hepatology, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Carlo Borromeo Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Viaggi
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Paolo Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Arena
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Paolo Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Cristiano Crosta
- Division of Endoscopy, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Gabriella Sozzi
- Tumor Genomics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuele Meroni
- Diagnostic and Therapeutic Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Bisanti
- Scientific Directorate, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Alessandro Pierotti
- Molecular Genetics of Cancer Unit, Fondazione Istituto FIRC Oncologia Molecolare (IFOM), Milan, Italy.,Scientific Directorate, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Verderio
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Manuela Gariboldi
- Tumor Genomics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.,Molecular Genetics of Cancer Unit, Fondazione Istituto FIRC Oncologia Molecolare (IFOM), Milan, Italy
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27
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Chen F, Li Z, Zhou H. Identification of prognostic miRNA biomarkers for predicting overall survival of colon adenocarcinoma and bioinformatics analysis: A study based on The Cancer Genome Atlas database. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:9839-9849. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fangyao Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics School of Public Health Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center Xi’an Shaanxi China
| | - Zhe Li
- First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an Shaanxi China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospatial of Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an Shaanxi China
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28
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Shiao SPK, Xiao H, Dong L, Wang X, Liu K, She J, Shi H. Genome wide DNA differential methylation regions in colorectal cancer patients in relation to blood related family members, obese and non-obese controls - a preliminary report. Oncotarget 2018; 9:25557-25571. [PMID: 29876008 PMCID: PMC5986643 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite evidences linking methylation changes in the cancer tissues, little is known about the methylation modification in the peripheral blood. With the current study, we identified differential methylation regions (DMRs) across human genome by collecting the blood samples of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients compared to that of their blood-related family who shared genetic inheritance and environmental influences, and unrelated obese and non-obese controls by accessing publicly available Gene Expression Omnibus data. We performed genome-wide analyses using the reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) method covering about 25% of CpGs for whole human genome of the four groups (n = 5 each). In comparison to the non-obese controls, we observed significant DMRs in CRC for genes involved in tumorigenesis including MLH3, MSH2, MSH6, SEPT9, GNAS; and glucose transporter genes associated with obesity and diabetes including SLC2A1/GLUT1, and SLC2A3/GLUT3 that were reported on methylation being modified in cancer tissues. In addition, we observed significant DMRs in CRC for genes involved in the methylation pathways including PEMT, ALDH1L1, and DNMT3A. CRC and family members shared significant DMRs for genes of tumorigenesis including MSH2, SEPT9, GNAS, SLC2A1/GLUT1 and SLC2A3/GLUT3); and CAMK1, GLUT1/SLC2A1 and GLUT3/SLC2A3 genes involved in glucose and insulin metabolism that played vital role in development of obesity and diabetes. Our study provided evidences that these differentially methylated genes in the blood could potentially serve as candidate biomarkers for CRC diagnostic and may provide further understanding on CRC progression. Further studies are warranted to validate these methylation changes for diagnostic and prevention of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pamela K Shiao
- College of Nursing, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Haiyan Xiao
- College of Nursing, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Lixin Dong
- College of Nursing, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Georgia Prevention Institute, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Kebin Liu
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Jinxiong She
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Huidong Shi
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta, GA, USA
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29
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Changes in MiRNA-5196 Expression as a Potential Biomarker of Anti-TNF-α Therapy in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Ankylosing Spondylitis Patients. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2018; 66:389-397. [PMID: 29744553 PMCID: PMC6154007 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-018-0513-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we analysed the expression level of sera circulating miRNA-5196 in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients before and after tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α therapy as biomarkers predicting positive treatment outcome. We enrolled 10 RA patients, 13 AS patients, and 12 healthy individuals in the study. The expression of miRNA-5196 was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction before and after anti-TNF-α therapy. Disease activity of RA patients was assessed using disease activity score 28 (DAS28), whereas ankylosing spondylitis DAS (ASDAS) was used in AS patients. MiRNA-5196 expression was significantly higher in patients with RA and AS before TNF-α therapy than in those following anti-TNF-α therapy and healthy controls. Changes in miRNA-5196 expression positively correlated with delta DAS28 or delta ASDAS, respectively, following TNF-α therapy. In contrast, changes in C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in RA and AS patients did not positively correlate with DAS28 or ASDAS changes. Receiver-operating characteristic analysis showed better diagnostic accuracy of miRNA-5196 expression both in RA (area under curve (AUC) = 0.87, p = 0.055) and AS patients (AUC = 0.90, p = 0.050) compared to CRP levels in RA (AUC = 0.75, p = 0.201) and AS patients (AUC = 0.85, p = 0.086) upon biologic therapy treatment. Finding novel biomarkers, including miRNA-5196 which allow to predict and monitor anti-TNF-α response, would be of clinical value especially during the early phase of RA or AS development.
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30
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Li Q, Wang G, Wang H. miR-126 Functions as a Tumor Suppressor by Targeting SRPK1 in Human Gastric Cancer. Oncol Res 2018; 26:1345-1353. [PMID: 29510776 PMCID: PMC7844751 DOI: 10.3727/096504018x15180508535835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of miR-126 and serine–arginine protein kinase 1 (SRPK1) are linked to tumor development; nevertheless, its role in the tumor growth and invasion of gastric cancer (GC) and the underlying mechanism have not been clarified. Here the expression and role of miR-126 and SRPK1 were investigated in GC tissues and cells by in vitro assay, and then targets of miR-126 were identified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. In this study, miR-126 expression was downregulated and associated with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis as well as SRPK1 expression. In vitro assay revealed that miR-126 obviously inhibited the proliferative and invasive capabilities of GC cells. The dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that miR-126 targets the 3′-UTR of SRPK1 and downregulates its expression. SRPK1 overexpression promoted cell migration and invasion. In conclusion, the reduced expression of miR-126 is suggestive of the risk of GC recurrence and metastasis, and miR-126 functions as a tumor suppressor by targeting SRPK1 expression in the development of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaorong Li
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Geng Wang
- Department of Emergency, Laiwu City People's Hospital, Laiwu, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
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31
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Moody L, He H, Pan YX, Chen H. Methods and novel technology for microRNA quantification in colorectal cancer screening. Clin Epigenetics 2017; 9:119. [PMID: 29090038 PMCID: PMC5655825 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-017-0420-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The screening and diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) currently relies heavily on invasive endoscopic techniques as well as imaging and antigen detection tools. More accessible and reliable biomarkers are necessary for early detection in order to expedite treatment and improve patient outcomes. Recent studies have indicated that levels of specific microRNA (miRNA) are altered in CRC; however, measuring miRNA in biological samples has proven difficult, given the complicated and lengthy PCR-based procedures used by most laboratories. In this manuscript, we examine the potential of miRNA as CRC biomarkers, summarize the methods that have commonly been employed to quantify miRNA, and focus on novel strategies that can improve or replace existing technology for feasible implementation in a clinical setting. These include isothermal amplification techniques that can potentially eliminate the need for specialized thermocycling equipment. Additionally, we propose the use of near-infrared (NIR) probes which can minimize autofluorescence and photobleaching and streamline quantification without tedious sample processing. We suggest that novel miRNA quantification tools will be necessary to encourage new discoveries and facilitate their translation to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Moody
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 472 Bevier Hall, MC-182, 905 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Hongshan He
- Department of Chemistry, Eastern Illinois University, Charleston, IL 62910 USA
| | - Yuan-Xiang Pan
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 472 Bevier Hall, MC-182, 905 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.,Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 472 Bevier Hall, MC-182, 905 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.,Illinois Informatics Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Hong Chen
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 472 Bevier Hall, MC-182, 905 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.,Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 472 Bevier Hall, MC-182, 905 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
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