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Zhang H, Xu Y, Han H, Ye X, Cheng L, Shen Y, Wan X. Comprehensive Analysis Identifies Hyaluronan Mediated Motility Receptor and Cell Division Cycle 25C as Potential Prognostic Biomarkers in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancer Control 2024; 31:10732748241287904. [PMID: 39323031 PMCID: PMC11440566 DOI: 10.1177/10732748241287904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide, but its pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to identify the potential biomarkers underlying the diagnosis and treatment of HNSCC. METHODS Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) followed by pathway enrichment analysis, analysis of infiltrating immune cells, survival analysis, and methylation analysis were applied to identify the potential hub genes underlying the prognosis of HNSCC. The expression of hub genes was validated by immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS A total of 10,274 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Through WGCNA, the yellow module (R2 = 0.33, P = 2e-14) was confirmed to be the most significantly associated with the histological grade of HNSCC, and the "Cell Cycle" proved to be the most enriched signaling pathway. Based on the results of survival analysis and immune cell infiltration, 10 hub genes (HMMR, CENPK, AURKA, CDC25C, FEN1, CKS1B, MAJIN, PCLAF, SPC25, and STAG3) were identified. Eight of these (excluding MAJIN and STAG3) were confirmed by performing survival analysis using another dataset (GSE41613). Further, we identified 4 methylation loci in 3 hub genes (cg15122828 and cg20554926 in HMMR, cg12519992 in CDC25C, and cg2655739 in KIAA0101/PCLAF) as being significantly related to survival. Finally, we demonstrated the high mRNA and protein expression of HMMR and CDC25C in HNSCC patients. CONCLUSION Two real hub genes (HMMR and CDC25C) and 3 methylation loci were identified that could potentially serve as prognostic and therapeutic targets for HNSCC, which is significant for studying the pathological mechanisms underlying HNSCC and for developing novel therapies for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongrui Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haijun Han
- School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiongwei Ye
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu Cheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yueshuang Shen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaochen Wan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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Al Khatib MHDO, Pinton G, Moro L, Porta C. Benefits and Challenges of Inhibiting EZH2 in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:1537. [PMID: 36900330 PMCID: PMC10000483 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive thoracic cancer that is mainly associated with prior exposure to asbestos fibers. Despite being a rare cancer, its global rate is increasing and the prognosis remains extremely poor. Over the last two decades, despite the constant research of new therapeutic options, the combination chemotherapy with cisplatin and pemetrexed has remained the only first-line therapy for MPM. The recent approval of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB)-based immunotherapy has opened new promising avenues of research. However, MPM is still a fatal cancer with no effective treatments. Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is a histone methyl transferase that exerts pro-oncogenic and immunomodulatory activities in a variety of tumors. Accordingly, a growing number of studies indicate that EZH2 is also an oncogenic driver in MPM, but its effects on tumor microenvironments are still largely unexplored. This review describes the state-of-the-art of EZH2 in MPM biology and discusses its potential use both as a diagnostic and therapeutic target. We highlight current gaps of knowledge, the filling of which will likely favor the entry of EZH2 inhibitors within the treatment options for MPM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- MHD Ouis Al Khatib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro”, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune & Allergic Diseases (CAAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro”, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Giulia Pinton
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro”, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Laura Moro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro”, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Chiara Porta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro”, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune & Allergic Diseases (CAAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro”, 28100 Novara, Italy
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Liao D, Yu Y, Mei Q, Wang Z, Li X, Jia Y, Kong F. Advances in Immunotherapy of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:4477-4484. [PMID: 34429612 PMCID: PMC8374846 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s317434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) represents the uncommon cancer originating from pleural mesothelial cells, which is associated with dismal prognostic outcome. According to CheckMate-743 results, nivolumab plus ipilimumab has been approved to treat the unresectable MPM in treatment-naive patients as a first-line therapy by the FDA in October 2020. Immunotherapy is expected to be the best choice for MPM treatment. In the following article, the past treatment plan and the progress of immunotherapy for MPM will be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongying Liao
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300193, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300193, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongchao Yu
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300193, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300193, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingyun Mei
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300193, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300193, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziwei Wang
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300193, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300193, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaojiang Li
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300193, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300193, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingjie Jia
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300193, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300193, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fanming Kong
- Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300193, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300193, People’s Republic of China
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Mahfuz AMUB, Zubair-Bin-Mahfuj AM, Podder DJ. A network-biology approach for identification of key genes and pathways involved in malignant peritoneal mesothelioma. Genomics Inform 2021; 19:e16. [PMID: 34261301 PMCID: PMC8261271 DOI: 10.5808/gi.21019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Even in the current age of advanced medicine, the prognosis of malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPM) remains abysmal. Molecular mechanisms responsible for the initiation and progression of MPM are still largely not understood. Adopting an integrated bioinformatics approach, this study aims to identify the key genes and pathways responsible for MPM. Genes that are differentially expressed in MPM in comparison with the peritoneum of healthy controls have been identified by analyzing a microarray gene expression dataset. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses of these differentially expressed genes (DEG) were conducted to gain a better insight. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of the proteins encoded by the DEGs was constructed using STRING and hub genes were detected analyzing this network. Next, the transcription factors and miRNAs that have possible regulatory roles on the hub genes were detected. Finally, survival analyses based on the hub genes were conducted using the GEPIA2 web server. Six hundred six genes were found to be differentially expressed in MPM; 133 are upregulated and 473 are downregulated. Analyzing the STRING generated PPI network, six dense modules and 12 hub genes were identified. Fifteen transcription factors and 10 miRNAs were identified to have the most extensive regulatory functions on the DEGs. Through bioinformatics analyses, this work provides an insight into the potential genes and pathways involved in MPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. M. U. B. Mahfuz
- Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Life Science, University of Development Alternative, Dhaka 1209, Bangladesh
| | | | - Dibya Joti Podder
- Department of General Surgery, Sher-E-Bangla Medical College, Barishal 8200, Bangladesh
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Napoli F, Listì A, Zambelli V, Witel G, Bironzo P, Papotti M, Volante M, Scagliotti G, Righi L. Pathological Characterization of Tumor Immune Microenvironment (TIME) in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2564. [PMID: 34073720 PMCID: PMC8197227 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare and highly aggressive disease that arises from pleural mesothelial cells, characterized by a median survival of approximately 13-15 months after diagnosis. The primary cause of this disease is asbestos exposure and the main issues associated with it are late diagnosis and lack of effective therapies. Asbestos-induced cellular damage is associated with the generation of an inflammatory microenvironment that influences and supports tumor growth, possibly in association with patients' genetic predisposition and tumor genomic profile. The chronic inflammatory response to asbestos fibers leads to a unique tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) composed of a heterogeneous mixture of stromal, endothelial, and immune cells, and relative composition and interaction among them is suggested to bear prognostic and therapeutic implications. TIME in MPM is known to be constituted by immunosuppressive cells, such as type 2 tumor-associated macrophages and T regulatory lymphocytes, plus the expression of several immunosuppressive factors, such as tumor-associated PD-L1. Several studies in recent years have contributed to achieve a greater understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms in tumor development and pathobiology of TIME, that opens the way to new therapeutic strategies. The study of TIME is fundamental in identifying appropriate prognostic and predictive tissue biomarkers. In the present review, we summarize the current knowledge about the pathological characterization of TIME in MPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Napoli
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (F.N.); (V.Z.); (P.B.); (M.P.); (M.V.); (G.S.)
| | - Angela Listì
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, San Luigi Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Italy;
| | - Vanessa Zambelli
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (F.N.); (V.Z.); (P.B.); (M.P.); (M.V.); (G.S.)
| | - Gianluca Witel
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, City of Health and Science, 10126 Torino, Italy;
| | - Paolo Bironzo
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (F.N.); (V.Z.); (P.B.); (M.P.); (M.V.); (G.S.)
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, San Luigi Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Italy;
| | - Mauro Papotti
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (F.N.); (V.Z.); (P.B.); (M.P.); (M.V.); (G.S.)
- Pathology Unit, City of Health and Science, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Volante
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (F.N.); (V.Z.); (P.B.); (M.P.); (M.V.); (G.S.)
| | - Giorgio Scagliotti
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (F.N.); (V.Z.); (P.B.); (M.P.); (M.V.); (G.S.)
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, San Luigi Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Italy;
| | - Luisella Righi
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (F.N.); (V.Z.); (P.B.); (M.P.); (M.V.); (G.S.)
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