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Gu S, Huang X, Luo S, Liu Y, Khoong Y, Liang H, Tu L, Xu R, Yang E, Zhao Y, Yao M, Zan T. Targeting the nuclear long noncoding transcript LSP1P5 abrogates extracellular matrix deposition by trans-upregulating CEBPA in keloids. Mol Ther 2024; 32:1984-1999. [PMID: 38553852 PMCID: PMC11184311 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Keloids are characterized by fibroblast hyperproliferation and excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) and are a major global health care burden among cutaneous diseases. However, the function of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA)-mediated ECM remodeling during the pathogenesis of keloids is still unclear. Herein, we identified a long noncoding transcript, namely, lymphocyte-specific protein 1 pseudogene 5 (LSP1P5), that modulates ECM component deposition in keloids. First, high-throughput transcriptome analysis showed that LSP1P5 was selectively upregulated in keloids and correlated with more severe disease in a clinical keloid cohort. Therapeutically, the attenuation of LSP1P5 significantly decreased the expression of ECM markers (COL1, COL3, and FN1) both in vitro and in vivo. Intriguingly, an antifibrotic gene, CCAAT enhancer binding protein alpha (CEBPA), is a functional downstream candidate of LSP1P5. Mechanistically, LSP1P5 represses CEBPA expression by hijacking Suppressor of Zeste 12 to the promoter of CEBPA, thereby enhancing the polycomb repressive complex 2-mediated H3K27me3 and changing the chromosomal opening status of CEBPA. Taken together, these findings indicate that targeting LSP1P5 abrogates fibrosis in keloids through epigenetic regulation of CEBPA, revealing a novel antifibrotic therapeutic strategy that bridges our current understanding of lncRNA regulation, histone modification and ECM remodeling in keloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuchen Gu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Shenying Luo
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Yunhan Liu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Yimin Khoong
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Hsin Liang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Liying Tu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Ruoqing Xu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - En Yang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Yixuan Zhao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China.
| | - Min Yao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China.
| | - Tao Zan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China.
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Wu K, Huang S, Zheng F, Liu Y. The CEBPA-FGF21 regulatory network may participate in the T2DM-induced skeletal muscle atrophy by regulating the autophagy-lysosomal pathway. Acta Diabetol 2023; 60:1491-1503. [PMID: 37392202 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-023-02131-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Recent years have witnessed an increasing research interest in the roles of transcription factor (TF)-gene regulatory network in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Thus, we sought to characterize the mechanistic insights based on the TF-gene regulatory network in skeletal muscle atrophy in T2DM. METHODS Differentially expressed TFs (DETFs) and mRNAs (DEmRNAs) were obtained in T2DM-related gene expression profiles (GSE12643, GSE55650, GSE166502, and GSE29221), followed by WGCNA, and GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. Next, the iRegulon plug-in unit of Cytoscape software was used to construct a TF-mRNA regulatory network. Besides, RT-qPCR and ChIP-seq were utilized to measure the expression of CEBPA and FGF21 in the skeletal muscle tissues or cells of T2DM rat models. At last, the effect of overexpression of FGF21 on the autophagy-lysosomal pathway was examined in skeletal muscle cells of T2DM rats. RESULTS Totally, 12 DETFs and 102 DEmRNAs were found in the skeletal muscle tissues of T2DM samples. The DEmRNAs were mainly enriched in the autophagy-lysosomal pathway. CEBPA affected the skeletal muscle atrophy in T2DM by regulating 5 target genes via the autophagy-lysosomal pathway. CEBPA could target FGF21. In addition, the expression of CEBPA was elevated, while the expression of FGF21 was diminished in the skeletal muscle tissues or cells of T2DM rats. The CEBPA-FGF21 regulatory network promoted skeletal muscle atrophy in T2DM by activating the autophagy-lysosomal pathway. CONCLUSION The CEBPA-FGF21 regulatory network may participate in the T2DM-induced skeletal muscle atrophy by regulating the autophagy-lysosomal pathway. Thus, our study provides interesting targets for prevention of skeletal muscle atrophy in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 87, Xiang-Ya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Sha Huang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Fan Zheng
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Health Management Department, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 87, Xiang-Ya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China.
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Mattoo H, Bangari DS, Cummings S, Humulock Z, Habiel D, Xu EY, Pate N, Resnick R, Savova V, Qian G, Beil C, Rao E, Nestle FO, Bryce PJ, Subramaniam A. Molecular Features and Stages of Pulmonary Fibrosis Driven by Type 2 Inflammation. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2023; 69:404-421. [PMID: 37369139 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2022-0301oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a progressive, multiorgan disease with limited treatment options. Although a recent proof-of-concept study using romilkimab or SAR156597, a bispecific IL-4/IL-13 antibody, suggests a direct role of these cytokines in the pathophysiology of SSc, their contributions to the balance between inflammation and fibrosis are unclear. Here, we determine the roles of type 2 inflammation in fibrogenesis using FRA2-Tg (Fos-related antigen 2-overexpressing transgenic) mice, which develop spontaneous, age-dependent progressive lung fibrosis. We defined the molecular signatures of inflammation and fibrosis at three key stages in disease progression, corresponding to preonset, inflammatory dominant, and fibrosis dominant biology, and revealed an early increase in cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions and antigen-processing and presentation pathways followed by enhanced Th2- and M2 macrophage-driven type 2 responses. This type 2 inflammation progressed to extensive fibrotic pathology by 14-18 weeks of age, with these gene signatures overlapping significantly with those seen in the lungs of patients with SSc with interstitial lung disease (ILD). These changes were also evident in the histopathology, which showed perivascular and peribronchiolar inflammation with prominent eosinophilia and accumulation of profibrotic M2-like macrophages followed by rapid progression to fibrosis with thickened alveolar walls with multifocal fibrotic bands and signs of interstitial pneumonia. Critically, treatment with a bispecific antibody targeting IL-4 and IL-13 during the inflammatory phase abrogated the Th2 and M2 responses and led to near-complete abrogation of lung fibrosis. These data recapitulate important features of fibrotic progression in the lungs of patients with SSc-ILD and enhance our understanding of the progressive pathobiology of SSc. This study also further establishes FRA2-Tg mice as a valuable tool for testing future therapeutic agents in SSc-ILD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sheila Cummings
- Discovery Pathology, Translational In Vivo Models Platform, and
| | | | - David Habiel
- Immunology and Inflammation Research Therapeutic Area
| | - Ethan Y Xu
- Precision Medicine and Computational Biology
- Aspen Neuroscience, San Diego, California
| | - Nathan Pate
- Discovery Pathology, Translational In Vivo Models Platform, and
| | | | | | - George Qian
- Immunology and Inflammation Research Therapeutic Area
| | | | - Ercole Rao
- Biologics Research, Sanofi, Frankfurt, Germany; and
| | | | - Paul J Bryce
- Immunology and Inflammation Research Therapeutic Area
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Quantitative Proteomic Analysis Reveals the Mechanisms of Sinapine Alleviate Macrophage Foaming. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052012. [PMID: 36903257 PMCID: PMC10003987 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapeseed polyphenols have cardiovascular protective effects. Sinapine, one main rapeseed polyphenol, possesses antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor properties. However, no research has been published about the role of sinapine in alleviating macrophage foaming. This study aimed to reveal the macrophage foaming alleviation mechanism of sinapine by applying quantitative proteomics and bioinformatics analyses. A new approach was developed to retrieve sinapine from rapeseed meals by using hot-alcohol-reflux-assisted sonication combined with anti-solvent precipitation. The sinapine yield of the new approach was significantly higher than in traditional methods. Proteomics was performed to investigate the effects of sinapine on foam cells, and it showed that sinapine can alleviate foam cell formation. Moreover, sinapine suppressed CD36 expression, enhanced the CDC42 expression, and activated the JAK2 and the STAT3 in the foam cells. These findings suggest that the action of sinapine on foam cells inhibits cholesterol uptake, activates cholesterol efflux, and converts macrophages from pro-inflammatory M1 to anti-inflammatory M2. This study confirms the abundance of sinapine in rapeseed oil by-products and elucidates the biochemical mechanisms of sinapine that alleviates macrophage foaming, which may provide new perspectives for reprocessing rapeseed oil by-products.
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Tian H, Luo J, Guo P, Li C, Zhang X. C/EBPα promotes triacylglycerol synthesis via regulating PPARG promoter activity in goat mammary epithelial cells. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skac412. [PMID: 36547378 PMCID: PMC9863032 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα) is the key transcription factor involved in lipid metabolism, however, the role of C/EBPα in milk fat synthesis of dairy goats remains unknown. The objective of the present research was to clarify the function of C/EBPα in goat mammary epithelial cells (GMECs) and its impact on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) promoter activity. In this study, C/EBPα overexpression increased its mRNA and protein levels by 42-fold and 6-fold, respectively. In contrast, transfecting siRNA targeting C/EBPα decreased its mRNA level to 20% and protein abundance to 80% of the basal level. The contents of lipid droplets, triacylglycerol (TAG), and cholesterol were increased (P < 0.05) in C/EBPα-overexpressing GMECs, and knockdown of C/EBPα led to the opposite results. Overexpression of C/EBPα significantly increased the expression levels of genes involved in TAG synthesis (AGPAT6, DGAT2, P < 0.01), lipid droplet formation (PLIN2, P < 0.01), and fatty acid synthesis (FADS2, P < 0.05; ELOVL6, P < 0.01). Knockdown of C/EBPα decreased (P < 0.05) the expression levels of AGPAT6, DGAT1, DGAT2, PLIN2, FADS2, and ELOVL6. C/EBPα upregulated the expression level of PPARG (P < 0.05), and four C/EBPα binding regions were identified in the PPARG promoter at -1,112 to -1,102 bp, -734 to -724 bp, -248 to -238 bp, and -119 to -109 bp. Knockdown of C/EBPα reduced (P < 0.05) the PPARG promoter activity when the C/EBPα binding regions were mutated at -1,112 to -1,102 bp, -734 to -724 bp, and -248 to -238 bp locations of the promoter. However, the promoter activity did not change when the mutation was located at -119 bp. In conclusion, our results suggest that C/EBPα can promote TAG synthesis in GMECs through its effects on mRNA abundance of genes related to lipid metabolism and regulation of the PPARG promoter activity via C/EBPα binding regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huibin Tian
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Jun Luo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Peng Guo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Chun Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Xueying Zhang
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, P. R. China
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Wang L, Feng J, Deng Y, Yang Q, Wei Q, Ye D, Rong X, Guo J. CCAAT/Enhancer-Binding Proteins in Fibrosis: Complex Roles Beyond Conventional Understanding. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2022; 2022:9891689. [PMID: 36299447 PMCID: PMC9575473 DOI: 10.34133/2022/9891689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBPs) are a family of at least six identified transcription factors that contain a highly conserved basic leucine zipper domain and interact selectively with duplex DNA to regulate target gene expression. C/EBPs play important roles in various physiological processes, and their abnormal function can lead to various diseases. Recently, accumulating evidence has demonstrated that aberrant C/EBP expression or activity is closely associated with the onset and progression of fibrosis in several organs and tissues. During fibrosis, various C/EBPs can exert distinct functions in the same organ, while the same C/EBP can exert distinct functions in different organs. Modulating C/EBP expression or activity could regulate various molecular processes to alleviate fibrosis in multiple organs; therefore, novel C/EBPs-based therapeutic methods for treating fibrosis have attracted considerable attention. In this review, we will explore the features of C/EBPs and their critical functions in fibrosis in order to highlight new avenues for the development of novel therapies targeting C/EBPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lexun Wang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaojiao Feng
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanyue Deng
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Yang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quxing Wei
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dewei Ye
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianglu Rong
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiao Guo
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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7
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Wan X, Chen S, Li P, Zhao T, Xie S, Fang Y. Sinensetin protects against pulmonary fibrosis via inhibiting Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway. Tissue Cell 2022; 78:101866. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.101866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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8
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Pham TX, Lee J, Guan J, Caporarello N, Meridew JA, Jones DL, Tan Q, Huang SK, Tschumperlin DJ, Ligresti G. Transcriptional analysis of lung fibroblasts identifies PIM1 signaling as a driver of aging-associated persistent fibrosis. JCI Insight 2022; 7:153672. [PMID: 35167499 PMCID: PMC8986080 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.153672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an aging-associated disease characterized by myofibroblast accumulation and progressive lung scarring. To identify transcriptional gene programs driving persistent lung fibrosis in aging, we performed RNA-Seq on lung fibroblasts isolated from young and aged mice during the early resolution phase after bleomycin injury. We discovered that, relative to injured young fibroblasts, injured aged fibroblasts exhibited a profibrotic state characterized by elevated expression of genes implicated in inflammation, matrix remodeling, and cell survival. We identified the proviral integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus 1 (PIM1) and its target nuclear factor of activated T cells-1 (NFATc1) as putative drivers of the sustained profibrotic gene signatures in injured aged fibroblasts. PIM1 and NFATc1 transcripts were enriched in a pathogenic fibroblast population recently discovered in IPF lungs, and their protein expression was abundant in fibroblastic foci. Overexpression of PIM1 in normal human lung fibroblasts potentiated their fibrogenic activation, and this effect was attenuated by NFATc1 inhibition. Pharmacological inhibition of PIM1 attenuated IPF fibroblast activation and sensitized them to apoptotic stimuli. Interruption of PIM1 signaling in IPF lung explants ex vivo inhibited prosurvival gene expression and collagen secretion, suggesting that targeting this pathway may represent a therapeutic strategy to block IPF progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tho X. Pham
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jisu Lee
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jiazhen Guan
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nunzia Caporarello
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jeffrey A. Meridew
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Dakota L. Jones
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Qi Tan
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Steven K. Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Daniel J. Tschumperlin
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Giovanni Ligresti
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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9
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Geng J, Liu Y, Dai H, Wang C. Fatty Acid Metabolism and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Front Physiol 2022; 12:794629. [PMID: 35095559 PMCID: PMC8795701 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.794629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid metabolism, including the de novo synthesis, uptake, oxidation, and derivation of fatty acids, plays several important roles at cellular and organ levels. Recent studies have identified characteristic changes in fatty acid metabolism in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) lungs, which implicates its dysregulation in the pathogenesis of this disorder. Here, we review the evidence for how fatty acid metabolism contributes to the development of pulmonary fibrosis, focusing on the profibrotic processes associated with specific types of lung cells, including epithelial cells, macrophages, and fibroblasts. We also summarize the potential therapeutics that target this metabolic pathway in treating IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Geng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Huaping Dai
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Huaping Dai,
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Chen Wang,
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10
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Yuen JSK, Stout AJ, Kawecki NS, Letcher SM, Theodossiou SK, Cohen JM, Barrick BM, Saad MK, Rubio NR, Pietropinto JA, DiCindio H, Zhang SW, Rowat AC, Kaplan DL. Perspectives on scaling production of adipose tissue for food applications. Biomaterials 2022; 280:121273. [PMID: 34933254 PMCID: PMC8725203 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
With rising global demand for food proteins and significant environmental impact associated with conventional animal agriculture, it is important to develop sustainable alternatives to supplement existing meat production. Since fat is an important contributor to meat flavor, recapitulating this component in meat alternatives such as plant based and cell cultured meats is important. Here, we discuss the topic of cell cultured or tissue engineered fat, growing adipocytes in vitro that could imbue meat alternatives with the complex flavor and aromas of animal meat. We outline potential paths for the large scale production of in vitro cultured fat, including adipogenic precursors during cell proliferation, methods to adipogenically differentiate cells at scale, as well as strategies for converting differentiated adipocytes into 3D cultured fat tissues. We showcase the maturation of knowledge and technology behind cell sourcing and scaled proliferation, while also highlighting that adipogenic differentiation and 3D adipose tissue formation at scale need further research. We also provide some potential solutions for achieving adipose cell differentiation and tissue formation at scale based on contemporary research and the state of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S K Yuen
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Tissue Engineering Resource Center, Tufts University, 4 Colby St, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Andrew J Stout
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Tissue Engineering Resource Center, Tufts University, 4 Colby St, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - N Stephanie Kawecki
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, 410 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA; Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, Terasaki Life Sciences Building, 610 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Sophia M Letcher
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Tissue Engineering Resource Center, Tufts University, 4 Colby St, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Sophia K Theodossiou
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Tissue Engineering Resource Center, Tufts University, 4 Colby St, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Julian M Cohen
- W. M. Keck Science Department, Pitzer College, 925 N Mills Ave, Claremont, CA, 91711, USA
| | - Brigid M Barrick
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Tissue Engineering Resource Center, Tufts University, 4 Colby St, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Michael K Saad
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Tissue Engineering Resource Center, Tufts University, 4 Colby St, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Natalie R Rubio
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Tissue Engineering Resource Center, Tufts University, 4 Colby St, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Jaymie A Pietropinto
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Tissue Engineering Resource Center, Tufts University, 4 Colby St, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Hailey DiCindio
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Tissue Engineering Resource Center, Tufts University, 4 Colby St, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Sabrina W Zhang
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Tissue Engineering Resource Center, Tufts University, 4 Colby St, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Amy C Rowat
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, 410 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA; Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, Terasaki Life Sciences Building, 610 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - David L Kaplan
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Tissue Engineering Resource Center, Tufts University, 4 Colby St, Medford, MA, 02155, USA.
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Lyu Y, Guo C, Zhang H. Fatty acid metabolism-related genes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid unveil prognostic and immune infiltration in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1001563. [PMID: 36267568 PMCID: PMC9576944 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1001563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and progressive condition with an unfavorable prognosis. A recent study has demonstrated that IPF patients exhibit characteristic alterations in the fatty acid metabolism in their lungs, suggesting an association with IPF pathogenesis. Therefore, in this study, we have explored whether the gene signature associated with fatty acid metabolism could be used as a reliable biological marker for predicting the survival of IPF patients. METHODS Data on the fatty acid metabolism-related genes (FAMRGs) were extracted from databases like Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), Hallmark, and Reactome pathway. The GSE70866 dataset with information on IPF patients was retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Next, the consensus clustering method was used to identify novel molecular subgroups. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was performed to understand the mechanisms involved. The Cell-type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets of RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT) algorithm was used to evaluate the level of immune cell infiltration in the identified subgroups based on gene expression signatures of immune cells. Finally, the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression and multivariate Cox regression analysis were performed to develop a prognostic risk model. RESULTS The gene expression signature associated with fatty acid metabolism was used to create two subgroups with significantly different prognoses. GSEA reveals that immune-related pathways were significantly altered between the two subgroups, and the two subgroups had different metabolic characteristics. High infiltration of immune cells, mainly activated NK cells, monocytes, and activated mast cells, was observed in the subgroup with a poor prognosis. A risk model based on FAMRGs had an excellent ability to predict the prognosis of IPF. The nomogram constructed using the clinical features and the risk model could accurately predict the prognosis of IPF patients. CONCLUSION The fatty acid metabolism-related gene expression signature could be used as a potential biological marker for predicting clinical outcomes and the level of infiltration of immune cells. This could eventually enhance the accuracy of the treatment of IPF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Lyu
- Thoracic Surgery Laboratory, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chen Guo
- Thoracic Surgery Laboratory, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Thoracic Surgery Laboratory, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hao Zhang,
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Tan Q, Link PA, Meridew JA, Pham TX, Caporarello N, Ligresti G, Tschumperlin DJ. Spontaneous Lung Fibrosis Resolution Reveals Novel Antifibrotic Regulators. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2021; 64:453-464. [PMID: 33493091 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2020-0396oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast activation is transient in successful wound repair but persistent in fibrotic pathologies. Understanding fibroblast deactivation during successful wound healing may provide new approaches to therapeutically reverse fibroblast activation. To characterize the gene programs that accompany fibroblast activation and reversal during lung fibrosis resolution, we used RNA sequencing analysis of flow sorted Col1α1-GFP-positive and CD45-, CD31-, and CD326-negative cells isolated from the lungs of young mice exposed to bleomycin. We compared fibroblasts isolated from control mice with those isolated at Days 14 and 30 after bleomycin exposure, representing the peak of extracellular matrix deposition and an early stage of fibrosis resolution, respectively. Bleomycin exposure dramatically altered fibroblast gene programs at Day 14. Principal component and differential gene expression analyses demonstrated the predominant reversal of these trends at Day 30. Upstream regulator and pathway analyses of reversing "resolution" genes identified novel candidate antifibrotic genes and pathways. Two genes from these analyses that were decreased in expression at Day 14 and reversed at Day 30, Aldh2 and Nr3c1, were selected for further analysis. Enhancement of endogenous expression of either gene by CRISPR activation in cultured human idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis fibroblasts was sufficient to reduce profibrotic gene expression, fibronectin deposition, and collagen gel compaction, consistent with roles for these genes in fibroblast deactivation. This combination of RNA sequencing analysis of freshly sorted fibroblasts and hypothesis testing in cultured idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis fibroblasts offers a path toward identification of novel regulators of lung fibroblast deactivation, with potential relevance to understanding fibrosis resolution and its failure in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Tan
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; and
| | - Patrick A Link
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; and
| | - Jeffrey A Meridew
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; and
| | - Tho X Pham
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nunzia Caporarello
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; and
| | - Giovanni Ligresti
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; and.,Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Daniel J Tschumperlin
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; and
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