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Bora S, Adole PS, Vinod KV, Pillai AA, Ahmed S. GC-MS validation and analysis of targeted plasma metabolites related to carbonyl stress in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with and without acute coronary syndrome. Biomed Chromatogr 2024:e5952. [PMID: 38966927 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MG) is responsible for advanced glycation end-product formation, the mechanisms leading to diabetes pathogenesis and complications like acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Sugar metabolites, amino acids and fatty acids are possible substrates for MG. The study aimed to measure plasma MG substrate levels using a validated gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method and explore their association with ACS risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The study included 150 T2DM patients with ACS as cases and 150 T2DM without ACS as controls for the analysis of glucose, fructose, ribulose, sorbitol, glycerol, pyruvate, lactate, glycine, serine, threonine, C16:0, C16:1, C18:0, C18:1, C18:2, C18:3, C20:0 and C22:6 by GC-MS. Validated GC-MS methods were accurate, precise and sensitive. Cases significantly differed in plasma MG and metabolite levels except for lactate, C16:0, C18:0, C18:2, and C18:3 levels compared with controls. On multivariable logistic regression, plasma C20:0, C18:1, glycine and glycerol levels had increased odds of ACS risk. On multivariate receiver operating characteristic analysis, a model containing plasma C20:0, C16:1, C18:1, C18:2, serine, glycerol, lactate and threonine levels had the highest area under the curve value (0.932) for ACS diagnosis. In conclusion, plasma C20:0, C16:1, C18:1, glycine, glycerol and sorbitol levels were associated with ACS risk in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushmita Bora
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
| | - Prashant Shankarrao Adole
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
| | - Kolar Vishwanath Vinod
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
| | - Ajith Ananthakrishna Pillai
- Department of Cardiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
| | - Shaheer Ahmed
- Department of Cardiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
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Pathmasiri W, Rushing BR, McRitchie S, Choudhari M, Du X, Smirnov A, Pelleigrini M, Thompson MJ, Sakaguchi CA, Nieman DC, Sumner SJ. Untargeted metabolomics reveal signatures of a healthy lifestyle. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13630. [PMID: 38871777 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64561-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study investigated differences in the plasma metabolome in two groups of adults that were of similar age but varied markedly in body composition and dietary and physical activity patterns. Study participants included 52 adults in the lifestyle group (LIFE) (28 males, 24 females) and 52 in the control group (CON) (27 males, 25 females). The results using an extensive untargeted ultra high-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) metabolomics analysis with 10,535 metabolite peaks identified 486 important metabolites (variable influence on projections scores of VIP ≥ 1) and 16 significantly enriched metabolic pathways that differentiated LIFE and CON groups. A novel metabolite signature of positive lifestyle habits emerged from this analysis highlighted by lower plasma levels of numerous bile acids, an amino acid profile characterized by higher histidine and lower glutamic acid, glutamine, β-alanine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, and proline, an elevated vitamin D status, higher levels of beneficial fatty acids and gut microbiome catabolism metabolites from plant substrates, and reduced levels of N-glycan degradation metabolites and environmental contaminants. This study established that the plasma metabolome is strongly associated with body composition and lifestyle habits. The robust lifestyle metabolite signature identified in this study is consistent with an improved life expectancy and a reduced risk for chronic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wimal Pathmasiri
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Blake R Rushing
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Susan McRitchie
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Mansi Choudhari
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Xiuxia Du
- College of Computing and Informatics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Alexsandr Smirnov
- College of Computing and Informatics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Matteo Pelleigrini
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael J Thompson
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Camila A Sakaguchi
- Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - David C Nieman
- Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA.
| | - Susan J Sumner
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA.
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Fotakis C, Amanatidou AI, Kafyra M, Andreou V, Kalafati IP, Zervou M, Dedoussis GV. Circulatory Metabolite Ratios as Indicators of Lifestyle Risk Factors Based on a Greek NAFLD Case-Control Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:1235. [PMID: 38674925 PMCID: PMC11055137 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
An ensemble of confounding factors, such as an unhealthy diet, obesity, physical inactivity, and smoking, have been linked to a lifestyle that increases one's susceptibility to chronic diseases and early mortality. The circulatory metabolome may provide a rational means of pinpointing the advent of metabolite variations that reflect an adherence to a lifestyle and are associated with the occurrence of chronic diseases. Data related to four major modifiable lifestyle factors, including adherence to the Mediterranean diet (estimated on MedDietScore), body mass index (BMI), smoking, and physical activity level (PAL), were used to create the lifestyle risk score (LS). The LS was further categorized into four groups, where a higher score group indicates a less healthy lifestyle. Drawing on this, we analyzed 223 NMR serum spectra, 89 MASLD patients and 134 controls; these were coupled to chemometrics to identify "key" features and understand the biological processes involved in specific lifestyles. The unsupervised analysis verified that lifestyle was the factor influencing the samples' differentiation, while the supervised analysis highlighted metabolic signatures. Τhe metabolic ratios of alanine/formic acid and leucine/formic acid, with AUROC > 0.8, may constitute discriminant indexes of lifestyle. On these grounds, this research contributed to understanding the impact of lifestyle on the circulatory metabolome and highlighted "prudent lifestyle" biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charalambos Fotakis
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vas. Constantinou Ave., 11635 Athens, Greece; (C.F.); (V.A.)
| | - Athina I. Amanatidou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 17671 Athens, Greece; (A.I.A.); (M.K.); (I.P.K.)
| | - Maria Kafyra
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 17671 Athens, Greece; (A.I.A.); (M.K.); (I.P.K.)
| | - Vasiliki Andreou
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vas. Constantinou Ave., 11635 Athens, Greece; (C.F.); (V.A.)
| | - Ioanna Panagiota Kalafati
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 17671 Athens, Greece; (A.I.A.); (M.K.); (I.P.K.)
| | - Maria Zervou
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vas. Constantinou Ave., 11635 Athens, Greece; (C.F.); (V.A.)
| | - George V. Dedoussis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 17671 Athens, Greece; (A.I.A.); (M.K.); (I.P.K.)
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Khan A, Unlu G, Lin P, Liu Y, Kilic E, Kenny TC, Birsoy K, Gamazon ER. GeneMAP: A discovery platform for metabolic gene function. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.07.570588. [PMID: 38106122 PMCID: PMC10723489 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.07.570588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Organisms maintain metabolic homeostasis through the combined functions of small molecule transporters and enzymes. While many of the metabolic components have been well-established, a substantial number remains without identified physiological substrates. To bridge this gap, we have leveraged large-scale plasma metabolome genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to develop a multiomic Gene-Metabolite Associations Prediction (GeneMAP) discovery platform. GeneMAP can generate accurate predictions, even pinpointing genes that are distant from the variants implicated by GWAS. In particular, our work identified SLC25A48 as a genetic determinant of plasma choline levels. Mechanistically, SLC25A48 loss strongly impairs mitochondrial choline import and synthesis of its downstream metabolite, betaine. Rare variant testing and polygenic risk score analyses have elucidated choline-relevant phenomic consequences of SLC25A48 dysfunction. Altogether, our study proposes SLC25A48 as a mitochondrial choline transporter and provides a discovery platform for metabolic gene function.
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