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Gan L, Huang X, He Z, He T. Exopolysaccharide production by salt-tolerant bacteria: Recent advances, current challenges, and future prospects. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 264:130731. [PMID: 38471615 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Natural biopolymers derived from exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are considered eco-friendly and sustainable alternatives to available traditional synthetic counterparts. Salt-tolerant bacteria inhabiting harsh ecological niches have evolved a number of unique adaptation strategies allowing them to maintain cellular integrity and assuring their long-term survival; among these, producing EPSs can be adopted as an effective strategy to thrive under high-salt conditions. A great diversity of EPSs from salt-tolerant bacteria have attracted widespread attention recently. Because of factors such as their unique structural, physicochemical, and functional characteristics, EPSs are commercially valuable for the global market and their application potential in various sectors is promising. However, large-scale production and industrial development of these biopolymers are hindered by their low yields and high costs. Consequently, the research progress and future prospects of salt-tolerant bacterial EPSs must be systematically reviewed to further promote their application and commercialization. In this review, the structure and properties of EPSs produced by a variety of salt-tolerant bacterial strains isolated from different sources are summarized. Further, feasible strategies for solving production bottlenecks are discussed, which provides a scientific basis and direct reference for more scientific and rational EPS development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longzhan Gan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China.
| | - Xin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Zhicheng He
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Tengxia He
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China.
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2
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Wei X, Chen Z, Liu A, Yang L, Xu Y, Cao M, He N. Advanced strategies for metabolic engineering of Bacillus to produce extracellular polymeric substances. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 67:108199. [PMID: 37330153 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular polymeric substances are mainly synthesized via a variety of biosynthetic pathways in bacteria. Bacilli-sourced extracellular polymeric substances, such as exopolysaccharides (EPS) and poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA), can serve as active ingredients and hydrogels, and have other important industrial applications. However, the functional diversity and widespread applications of these extracellular polymeric substances, are hampered by their low yields and high costs. Biosynthesis of extracellular polymeric substances is very complex in Bacillus, and there is no detailed elucidation of the reactions and regulations among various metabolic pathways. Therefore, a better understanding of the metabolic mechanisms is required to broaden the functions and increase the yield of extracellular polymeric substances. This review systematically summarizes the biosynthesis and metabolic mechanisms of extracellular polymeric substances in Bacillus, providing an in-depth understanding of the relationships between EPS and γ-PGA synthesis. This review provides a better clarification of Bacillus metabolic mechanisms during extracellular polymeric substance secretion and thus benefits their application and commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wei
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; The Key Lab for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China.
| | - Ailing Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; The Key Lab for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Lijie Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; The Key Lab for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yiyuan Xu
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; The Key Lab for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Mingfeng Cao
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; The Key Lab for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Ning He
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; The Key Lab for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
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3
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Kaur N, Dey P. Bacterial Exopolysaccharides as Emerging Bioactive Macromolecules: From Fundamentals to Applications. Res Microbiol 2022; 174:104024. [PMID: 36587857 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2022.104024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Microbial exopolysaccharides (EPS) are extracellular carbohydrate polymers forming capsules or slimy coating around the cells. EPS can be secreted by various bacterial genera that can help bacterial cells in attachment, environmental adaptation, stress tolerance and are an integral part of microbial biofilms. Several gut commensals (e.g., Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium) produce EPS that possess diverse bioactivities. Bacterial EPS also has extensive commercial applications in the pharmaceutical and food industries. Owing to the structural and functional diversity, genetic and metabolic engineering strategies are currently employed to increase EPS production. Therefore, the current review provides a comprehensive overview of the fundamentals of bacterial exopolysaccharides, including their classification, source, biosynthetic pathways, and functions in the microbial community. The review also provides an overview of the diverse bioactivities of microbial EPS, including immunomodulatory, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, and anti-cancer properties. Since several gut microbes are EPS producers and gut microbiota helps maintain a functional gut barrier, emphasis has been given to the intestinal-level bioactivities of the gut microbial EPS. Collectively, the review provides a comprehensive overview of microbial bioactive exopolysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navneet Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Priyankar Dey
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, India.
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Wei X, Yang L, Wang H, Chen Z, Xu Y, Weng Y, Cao M, Li Q, He N. Genomic and metabolomic analysis of Bacillus licheniformis with enhanced poly-γ-glutamic acid production through atmospheric and room temperature plasma mutagenesis. Front Chem Sci Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-022-2211-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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5
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Xia Y, Jiang X, Wang Y, Huang Q, Chen D, Hou C, Mu Y, Shen J. Enhanced anaerobic reduction of nitrobenzene at high salinity by betaine acting as osmoprotectant and regulator of metabolism. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 223:118982. [PMID: 36058098 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic technology is extensively applied in the treatment of industrial organic wastewater, but high salinity always triggers microbial cell dehydration, causing the failure of the anaerobic process. In this work, betaine, one kind of compatible solutes which could balance the osmotic pressure of anaerobic biomass, was exogenously added for enhancing the anaerobic reduction of nitrobenzene (NB) at high salinity. Only 100 mg L-1 betaine dosing could significantly promote the removal efficiency of NB within 35 h at 9% salinity (36.92 ± 4.02% without betaine and 72.94 ± 6.57% with betaine). The relieving effects on salt stress could be observed in the promotion of more extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) secretion with betaine addition. Additionally, the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), as well as the electron transfer system (ETS) value, was increased with betaine addition, which was reflected in the improvement of system removal efficiency and enzyme activity. Microbial community analysis demonstrated that Bacillus and Clostridiisalibacter which were positively correlated with the stability of the anaerobic process were enriched with betaine addition at high salinity. Metagenomic analysis speculated that the encoding genes for salt tolerance (kdpB/oadA/betA/opuD/epsP/epsH) and NB degradation (nfsA/wrbA/ccdA/menC) obtained higher relative abundance with betaine addition under high salt environment, which might be the key to improving salt tolerance of anaerobic biomass. The long-term assessment demonstrated that exogenous addition betaine played an important role in maintaining the stability of the anaerobic system, which would be a potential strategy to achieve a high-efficiency anaerobic process under high salinity conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Xinbai Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Yuxuan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Qian Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Cheng Hou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yang Mu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jinyou Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
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Xu Y, Yang L, Wang H, Wei X, Shi Y, Liang D, Cao M, He N. Putative functions of EpsK in teichuronic acid synthesis and phosphate starvation in Bacillus licheniformis. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2022; 7:815-823. [PMID: 35475252 PMCID: PMC9018123 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) are extracellular macromolecules in bacteria, which function in cell growth and show potential for mechanism study and biosynthesis application. However, the biosynthesis mechanism of EPS is still not clear. We herein chose Bacillus licheniformis CGMCC 2876 as a target strain to investigate the EPS biosynthesis. epsK, a member of eps cluster, the predicted polysaccharide synthesis cluster, was overexpressed and showed that the overexpression of epsK led to a 26.54% decrease in the production of EPS and resulted in slenderer cell shape. Transcriptome analysis combined with protein-protein interactions analysis and protein modeling revealed that epsK was likely responsible for the synthesis of teichuronic acid, a substitute cell wall component of teichoic acid when the strain was suffering phosphate limitation. Further cell cultivation showed that either phosphate limitation or the overexpression of teichuronic acid synthesis genes, tuaB and tuaE could similarly lead to EPS reduction. The enhanced production of teichuronic acid induced by epsK overexpression triggered the endogenous phosphate starvation, resulting in the decreased EPS synthesis and biomass, and the enhanced bacterial chemotaxis. This study presents an insight into the mechanism of EPS synthesis and offers the potential in controllable synthesis of target products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyuan Xu
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
- The Key Lab for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Lijie Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
- The Key Lab for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
- The Key Lab for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Wei
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
- The Key Lab for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Yanyan Shi
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
- The Key Lab for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Dafeng Liang
- Institute of Bioengineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510316, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Mingfeng Cao
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
- The Key Lab for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
- Corresponding author. Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China.
| | - Ning He
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
- The Key Lab for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
- Corresponding author. Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China.
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7
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Chen Y, Yang H, Shen Z, Ye J. Whole-Genome Sequencing and Potassium-Solubilizing Mechanism of Bacillus aryabhattai SK1-7. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:722379. [PMID: 35058888 PMCID: PMC8764406 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.722379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
To analyze the whole genome of Bacillus aryabhattai strain SK1-7 and explore its potassium solubilization characteristics and mechanism, thus providing a theoretical basis for analyzing the utilization and improvement of insoluble potassium resources in soil. Genome information for Bacillus aryabhattai SK1-7 was obtained by using Illumina NovaSeq second-generation sequencing and GridION Nanopore ONT third-generation sequencing technology. The contents of organic acids and polysaccharides in fermentation broth of Bacillus aryabhattai SK1-7 were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography and the anthrone sulfuric acid method, and the expression levels of the potassium solubilization-related genes ackA, epsB, gltA, mdh and ppc were compared by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR under different potassium source culture conditions. The whole genome of the strain consisted of a complete chromosome sequence and four plasmid sequences. The sequence sizes of the chromosomes and plasmids P1, P2, P3 and P4 were 5,188,391 bp, 136,204 bp, 124,862 bp, 67,200 bp and 12,374 bp, respectively. The GC contents were 38.2, 34.4, 33.6, 32.8, and 33.7%. Strain SK1-7 mainly secreted malic, formic, acetic and citric acids under culture with an insoluble potassium source. The polysaccharide content produced with an insoluble potassium source was higher than that with a soluble potassium source. The expression levels of five potassium solubilization-related genes with the insoluble potassium source were higher than those with the soluble potassium source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Chen
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zizhu Shen
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianren Ye
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
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Liu C, Sun D, Liu J, Zhu J, Liu W. Recent advances and perspectives in efforts to reduce the production and application cost of microbial flocculants. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2021; 8:51. [PMID: 38650196 PMCID: PMC10992557 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-021-00405-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial flocculants are macromolecular substances produced by microorganisms. Due to its non-toxic, harmless, and biodegradable advantages, microbial flocculants have been widely used in various industrial fields, such as wastewater treatment, microalgae harvest, activated sludge dewatering, heavy metal ion adsorption, and nanoparticle synthesis, especially in the post-treatment process of fermentation with high safety requirement. However, compared with the traditional inorganic flocculants and organic polymeric flocculants, the high production cost is the main bottleneck that restricts the large-scale production and application of microbial flocculants. To reduce the production cost of microbial flocculant, a series of efforts have been carried out and some exciting research progresses have been achieved. This paper summarized the research advances in the last decade, including the screening of high-yield strains and the construction of genetically engineered strains, search of cheap alternative medium, the extraction and preservation methods, microbial flocculants production as an incidental product of other biological processes, combined use of traditional flocculant and microbial flocculant, and the production of microbial flocculant promoted by inducer. Moreover, this paper prospects the future research directions to further reduce the production cost of microbial flocculants, thereby promoting the industrial production and large-scale application of microbial flocculants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics & Comparative Genomics, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, No.101, Shanghai road, Tongshan New District, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Di Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics & Comparative Genomics, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, No.101, Shanghai road, Tongshan New District, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiawen Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics & Comparative Genomics, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, No.101, Shanghai road, Tongshan New District, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingrong Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics & Comparative Genomics, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, No.101, Shanghai road, Tongshan New District, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weijie Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics & Comparative Genomics, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, No.101, Shanghai road, Tongshan New District, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China.
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Sun X, Zhang J. Bacterial exopolysaccharides: Chemical structures, gene clusters and genetic engineering. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 173:481-490. [PMID: 33493567 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In recent decades, the composition, structure, biosynthesis, and function of bacterial extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) have been extensively studied. EPS are synthesized through different biosynthetic pathways. The genes responsible for EPS synthesis are usually clustered on the genome or large plasmids of bacteria. Generally, different EPS synthesis gene clusters direct the synthesis of EPS with different chemical structures and biological activities. A better understanding of the gene functions involved in EPS biosynthesis is critical for the production of EPS with special biological activities. Genetic engineering methods are usually used to study EPS synthesis related genes. This review organizes the available information on EPS, including their structures, synthesis of related genes, and highlights the research progress of modifying EPS gene clusters through gene-editing methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaqing Sun
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianfa Zhang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, China.
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Laubach J, Joseph M, Brenza T, Gadhamshetty V, Sani RK. Exopolysaccharide and biopolymer-derived films as tools for transdermal drug delivery. J Control Release 2021; 329:971-987. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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11
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Lactobacillus exopolysaccharides: New perspectives on engineering strategies, physiochemical functions, and immunomodulatory effects on host health. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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12
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Zeng W, Zhang S, Xia M, Wu X, Qiu G, Shen L. Insights into the production of extracellular polymeric substances of Cupriavidus pauculus 1490 under the stimulation of heavy metal ions. RSC Adv 2020; 10:20385-20394. [PMID: 35520445 PMCID: PMC9054248 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra10560c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Three different methods (a sulfuric acid method, sodium chloride method and vibration method) were used to extract extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from Cupriavidus pauculus 1490 (C. pauculus 1490) in the present study. The sodium chloride method was able to extract the maximum amount of EPS (86.15 ± 1.50 mg g−1-DW), and could ensure minimum cell lysis by detecting glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity and using scanning electron microscopy. This method was therefore selected as the optimal extraction method and used in subsequent experiments. On this basis, the tolerance of C. pauculus 1490 and variations in EPS secretion after the addition of different metal ions was investigated. The tolerance levels of C. pauculus 1490 to Cd(ii), Ni(ii), Cu(ii) and Co(ii) were 300 mg L−1, 400 mg L−1, 400 mg L−1 and 400 mg L−1, respectively. Low concentrations of these heavy metal ions could promote bacterial growth, while increased concentrations were found to inhibit it. The results show that metal ions, especially Cd(ii), stimulate the secretion of EPS, with an EPS yield reaching 956.12 ± 10.59 mg g−1-DW at 100 mg L−1. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis showed that the key EPS synthetic genes, epsB, epsP and Wzz, were up-regulated. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis suggested that abundant functional groups in EPS play an important role in heavy metal ion complexation. These results will contribute to our understanding of the tolerance mechanism of microorganisms in the presence of different types and concentrations of metal ions. Metal ions are shown to stimulate the secretion of EPS components of Cupriavidus pauculus 1490, especially Cd(II).![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Zeng
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering
- Central South University
- Changsha 410083
- China
- Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy
| | - Shishi Zhang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering
- Central South University
- Changsha 410083
- China
| | - Mingchen Xia
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering
- Central South University
- Changsha 410083
- China
| | - Xueling Wu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering
- Central South University
- Changsha 410083
- China
- Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy
| | - Guanzhou Qiu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering
- Central South University
- Changsha 410083
- China
- Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy
| | - Li Shen
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering
- Central South University
- Changsha 410083
- China
- Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy
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13
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Multi-enzyme systems and recombinant cells for synthesis of valuable saccharides: Advances and perspectives. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:107406. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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14
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Wang J, Goh KM, Salem DR, Sani RK. Genome analysis of a thermophilic exopolysaccharide-producing bacterium - Geobacillus sp. WSUCF1. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1608. [PMID: 30733471 PMCID: PMC6367360 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36983-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Geobacillus sp. WSUCF1 is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, aerobic and thermophilic bacterium, isolated from a soil sample obtained from a compost facility. Strain WSUCF1 demonstrated EPS producing capability using different sugars as the carbon source. The whole-genome analysis of WSUCF1 was performed to disclose the essential genes correlated with nucleotide sugar precursor biosynthesis, assembly of monosaccharide units, export of the polysaccharide chain, and regulation of EPS production. Both the biosynthesis pathway and export mechanism of EPS were proposed based on functional annotation. Additionally, the genome description of strain WSUCF1 suggests sophisticated systems for its adaptation under thermophilic conditions. The presence of genes associated with CRISPR-Cas system, quorum quenching lactonase, polyketide synthesis and arsenic resistance makes this strain a potential candidate for various applications in biotechnology and biomedicine. The present study indicates that strain WSUCF1 has promise as a thermophilic EPS producer for a broad range of industrial applications. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on genome analysis of a thermophilic Geobacillus species focusing on its EPS biosynthesis and transportation, which will likely pave the way for both enhanced yield and tailor-made EPS production by thermophilic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD, 57701, USA
- BuG ReMeDEE Consortium, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD, 57701, USA
| | - Kian Mau Goh
- Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, 81300, Malaysia
| | - David R Salem
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD, 57701, USA.
- Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD, 57701, USA.
- Composite and Nanocomposite Advanced Manufacturing - Biomaterials Center (CNAM-Bio Center), Rapid City, SD, 57701, USA.
| | - Rajesh K Sani
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD, 57701, USA.
- Composite and Nanocomposite Advanced Manufacturing - Biomaterials Center (CNAM-Bio Center), Rapid City, SD, 57701, USA.
- BuG ReMeDEE Consortium, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD, 57701, USA.
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Extremophilic exopolysaccharides: A review and new perspectives on engineering strategies and applications. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 205:8-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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