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Dickey RM, Gopal MR, Nain P, Kunjapur AM. Recent developments in enzymatic and microbial biosynthesis of flavor and fragrance molecules. J Biotechnol 2024; 389:43-60. [PMID: 38616038 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Flavors and fragrances are an important class of specialty chemicals for which interest in biomanufacturing has risen during recent years. These naturally occurring compounds are often amenable to biosynthesis using purified enzyme catalysts or metabolically engineered microbial cells in fermentation processes. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the categories of molecules that have received the greatest interest, both academically and industrially, by examining scholarly publications as well as patent literature. Overall, we seek to highlight innovations in the key reaction steps and microbial hosts used in flavor and fragrance manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman M Dickey
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19711, USA
| | - Madan R Gopal
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19711, USA
| | - Priyanka Nain
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19711, USA
| | - Aditya M Kunjapur
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19711, USA.
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2
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Wang S, Zhao F, Yang M, Lin Y, Han S. Metabolic engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the synthesis of valuable chemicals. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2024; 44:163-190. [PMID: 36596577 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2022.2153008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In the twenty first century, biotechnology offers great opportunities and solutions to climate change mitigation, energy and food security and resource efficiency. The use of metabolic engineering to modify microorganisms for producing industrially significant chemicals is developing and becoming a trend. As a famous, generally recognized as a safe (GRAS) model microorganism, Saccharomyces cerevisiae is widely used due to its excellent operational convenience and high fermentation efficiency. This review summarizes recent advancements in the field of using metabolic engineering strategies to construct engineered S. cerevisiae over the past ten years. Five different types of compounds are classified by their metabolites, and the modified metabolic pathways and strategies are summarized and discussed independently. This review may provide guidance for future metabolic engineering efforts toward such compounds and analogues. Additionally, the limitations of S. cerevisiae as a cell factory and its future trends are comprehensively discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengguang Zhao
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Manli Yang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Lin
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuangyan Han
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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3
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Liang Y, Gao S, Qi X, Valentovich LN, An Y. Progress in Gene Editing and Metabolic Regulation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with CRISPR/Cas9 Tools. ACS Synth Biol 2024; 13:428-448. [PMID: 38326929 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.3c00685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
The CRISPR/Cas9 systems have been developed as tools for genetic engineering and metabolic engineering in various organisms. In this review, various aspects of CRISPR/Cas9 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, from basic principles to practical applications, have been summarized. First, a comprehensive review has been conducted on the history of CRISPR/Cas9, successful cases of gene disruptions, and efficiencies of multiple DNA fragment insertions. Such advanced systems have accelerated the development of microbial engineering by reducing time and labor, and have enhanced the understanding of molecular genetics. Furthermore, the research progress of the CRISPR/Cas9-based systems in the production of high-value-added chemicals and the improvement of stress tolerance in S. cerevisiae have been summarized, which should have an important reference value for genetic and synthetic biology studies based on S. cerevisiae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaokun Liang
- College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110065, China
| | - Song Gao
- College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110065, China
| | - Xianghui Qi
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangdong 511370, China
| | - Leonid N Valentovich
- Institute of Microbiology, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk 220072, Belarus
| | - Yingfeng An
- College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110065, China
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4
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Long Y, Han X, Meng X, Xu P, Tao F. A robust yeast chassis: comprehensive characterization of a fast-growing Saccharomyces cerevisiae. mBio 2024; 15:e0319623. [PMID: 38214535 PMCID: PMC10865977 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03196-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Robust chassis are critical to facilitate advances in synthetic biology. This study describes a comprehensive characterization of a new yeast isolate Saccharomyces cerevisiae XP that grows faster than commonly used research and industrial S. cerevisiae strains. The genomic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses suggest that the fast growth rate is, in part, due to the efficient electron transport chain and key growth factor synthesis. A toolbox for genetic manipulation of the yeast was developed; we used it to construct l-lactic acid producers for high lactate production. The development of genetically malleable yeast strains that grow faster than currently used strains may significantly enhance the uses of S. cerevisiae in biotechnology.IMPORTANCEYeast is known as an outstanding starting strain for constructing microbial cell factories. However, its growth rate restricts its application. A yeast strain XP, which grows fast in high concentrations of sugar and acidic environments, is revealed to demonstrate the potential in industrial applications. A toolbox was also built for its genetic manipulation including gene insertion, deletion, and ploidy transformation. The knowledge of its metabolism, which could guide the designing of genetic experiments, was generated with multi-omics analyses. This novel strain along with its toolbox was then tested by constructing an l-lactic acid efficient producer, which is conducive to the development of degradable plastics. This study highlights the remarkable competence of nonconventional yeast for applications in biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangdanyu Long
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuanlin Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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5
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Yu J, Zheng Y, Song C, Chen S. New insights into the roles of fungi and bacteria in the development of medicinal plant. J Adv Res 2023:S2090-1232(23)00394-6. [PMID: 38092299 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interaction between microorganisms and medicinal plants is a popular topic. Previous studies consistently reported that microorganisms were mainly considered pathogens or contaminants. However, with the development of microbial detection technology, it has been demonstrated that fungi and bacteria affect beneficially the medicinal plant production chain. AIM OF REVIEW Microorganisms greatly affect medicinal plants, with microbial biosynthesis a high regarded topic in medicinal plant-microbial interactions. However, it lacks a systematic review discussing this relationship. Current microbial detection technologies also have certain advantages and disadvantages, it is essential to compare the characteristics of various technologies. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW This review first illustrates the role of fungi and bacteria in various medicinal plant production procedures, discusses the development of microbial detection and identification technologies in recent years, and concludes with microbial biosynthesis of natural products. The relationship between fungi, bacteria, and medicinal plants is discussed comprehensively. We also propose a future research model and direction for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingsheng Yu
- Institute of Herbgenomics, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137 China; Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700 China
| | - Yixuan Zheng
- Institute of Herbgenomics, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137 China
| | - Chi Song
- Institute of Herbgenomics, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137 China
| | - Shilin Chen
- Institute of Herbgenomics, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137 China; Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700 China.
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6
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Wu Y, Feng S, Sun Z, Hu Y, Jia X, Zeng B. An outlook to sophisticated technologies and novel developments for metabolic regulation in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae expression system. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1249841. [PMID: 37869712 PMCID: PMC10586203 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1249841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae is one of the most extensively used biosynthetic systems for the production of diverse bioproducts, especially biotherapeutics and recombinant proteins. Because the expression and insertion of foreign genes are always impaired by the endogenous factors of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and nonproductive procedures, various technologies have been developed to enhance the strength and efficiency of transcription and facilitate gene editing procedures. Thus, the limitations that block heterologous protein secretion have been overcome. Highly efficient promoters responsible for the initiation of transcription and the accurate regulation of expression have been developed that can be precisely regulated with synthetic promoters and double promoter expression systems. Appropriate codon optimization and harmonization for adaption to the genomic codon abundance of S. cerevisiae are expected to further improve the transcription and translation efficiency. Efficient and accurate translocation can be achieved by fusing a specifically designed signal peptide to an upstream foreign gene to facilitate the secretion of newly synthesized proteins. In addition to the widely applied promoter engineering technology and the clear mechanism of the endoplasmic reticulum secretory pathway, the innovative genome editing technique CRISPR/Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated system) and its derivative tools allow for more precise and efficient gene disruption, site-directed mutation, and foreign gene insertion. This review focuses on sophisticated engineering techniques and emerging genetic technologies developed for the accurate metabolic regulation of the S. cerevisiae expression system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Bin Zeng
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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7
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Wang B, Zhao X, Fu T, Chen X, Guo X, Li X, Yang F. Glucose Starvation Stimulates the Promoting Strength of a Novel Evolved Suc2 Promoter. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:13838-13847. [PMID: 37669532 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Promoters are essential for designing Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell factories. Identifying novel promoters tuned to produce specific metabolites under increasingly diverse industrial stresses is required to improve the economic feasibility of whole fermentation processes. In this study, a positively evolved Suc2 promoter (SUC 2p) with promoter activity stronger than that of the wild-type Suc2 promoter (SUC 2wtp) was obtained. Quantitative real-time PCR, fluorescence analysis, Western blotting, and a β-galactosidase activity assay revealed that SUC 2p is a medium-strength promoter compared with eight reported promoters at a medium glucose concentration (2% (w/v)). Different glucose concentrations modulated the strength of SUC 2p. Low glucose concentrations (0.05 and 0.5% (w/v)) enhanced the promoter strength of SUC 2p dramatically, with promoter activity higher than that of reported strong promoters. Glucose starvation resulted in the formation of a new Msn2/4 binding site on SUC 2p. Our work should facilitate the development of promoters with novel fine-tuning properties and the construction of S. cerevisiae cell factories suitable for the industrial production of essential chemicals under glucose-deprived conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biying Wang
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Ganjingziqu, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoya Zhao
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Ganjingziqu, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
| | - Tong Fu
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Ganjingziqu, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyi Chen
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Ganjingziqu, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Guo
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Ganjingziqu, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
| | - Xianzhen Li
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Ganjingziqu, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
| | - Fan Yang
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Ganjingziqu, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
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8
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Abstract
Covering: 2015 to 2022Fungal terpenoids are of large structural diversity and often exhibit interesting biological activities. Recent work has focused on two main aspects: (1) the discovery and understanding of unknown biosynthetic genes and pathways, and (2) the usage of already known biosynthetic genes in the construction of high yielding production strains. Both aspects will be covered in this review article that aims to summarise the most important work of the past few years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Yin
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Jeroen S Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
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Zhang LL, Chen Y, Li ZJ, Fan G, Li X. Production, Function, and Applications of the Sesquiterpenes Valencene and Nootkatone: a Comprehensive Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:121-142. [PMID: 36541855 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Valencene and nootkatone, two sesquiterpenes, extracted from natural sources, have great market potential with diverse applications. This paper aims to comprehensively review the recent advances in valencene and nootkatone, including source, production, physicochemical and biological properties, safety and pharmacokinetics evaluation, potential uses, and their industrial applications as well as future research directions. Microbial biosynthesis offers a promising alternative approach for sustainable production of valencene and nootkatone. Both compounds exert various beneficial activities, including antimicrobial, insecticidal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, and nephroprotective and other activities. However, most of the studies are performed in animals and in vitro, making it difficult to give a conclusive description about their health benefits and extend their application. Hence, more attention should be paid to in vivo and long-term clinical studies in the future. Moreover, valencene and nootkatone are considered safe for consumption and show great promise in the applications of food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, chemical, and agricultural industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Lu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Jian Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
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Liu T, Li W, Chen H, Wu T, Zhu C, Zhuo M, Li S. Systematic Optimization of HPO-CPR to Boost (+)-Nootkatone Synthesis in Engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:15548-15559. [PMID: 36468547 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
As an important and expensive natural sesquiterpene compound in grapefruit, the interest in (+)-nootkatone is stimulated by its strong grapefruit-like odor and physiological activities, which induce efforts for its microbial production. However, the low catalytic efficiency of the cytochrome P450-P450 reductase (HPO-CPR) system is the main challenge. We developed a high-throughput screening (HTS) method using the principle of the color reaction between carbonyl compounds and 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH), which could rapidly screen the activity of candidate HPO mutants. After optimizing the pairing of HPO and CPR and through semirational design, the optimal mutant HPO_M18 with catalytic performance 2.54 times that of the initial was obtained. An encouraging (+)-nootkatone titer of 2.39 g/L was achieved through two-stage fed-batch fermentation after metabolic engineering and endoplasmic reticulum engineering, representing the highest titer reported to date. Our findings lay the foundation for the development of an economically viable bioprocess for (+)-nootkatone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Liu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wen Li
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hefeng Chen
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tao Wu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chaoyi Zhu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Min Zhuo
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shuang Li
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Zhu Y, Li J, Peng L, Meng L, Diao M, Jiang S, Li J, Xie N. High-yield production of protopanaxadiol from sugarcane molasses by metabolically engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:230. [PMID: 36335407 PMCID: PMC9636795 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01949-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ginsenosides are Panax plant-derived triterpenoid with wide applications in cardiovascular protection and immunity-boosting. However, the saponins content of Panax plants is fairly low, making it time-consuming and unsustainable by direct extraction. Protopanaxadiol (PPD) is a common precursor of dammarane-type saponins, and its sufficient supply is necessary for the efficient synthesis of ginsenoside. Results In this study, a combinational strategy was used for the construction of an efficient yeast cell factory for PPD production. Firstly, a PPD-producing strain was successfully constructed by modular engineering in Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4742 at the multi-copy sites. Then, the INO2 gene, encoding a transcriptional activator of the phospholipid biosynthesis, was fine-tuned to promote the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) proliferation and improve the catalytic efficiency of ER-localized enzymes. To increase the metabolic flux of PPD, dynamic control, based on a carbon-source regulated promoter PHXT1, was introduced to repress the competition of sterols. Furthermore, the global transcription factor UPC2-1 was introduced to sterol homeostasis and up-regulate the MVA pathway, and the resulting strain BY-V achieved a PPD production of 78.13 ± 0.38 mg/g DCW (563.60 ± 1.65 mg/L). Finally, sugarcane molasses was used as an inexpensive substrate for the first time in PPD synthesis. The PPD titers reached 1.55 ± 0.02 and 15.88 ± 0.65 g/L in shake flasks and a 5-L bioreactor, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, these results were new records on PPD production. Conclusion The high-level of PPD production in this study and the successful comprehensive utilization of low-cost carbon source -sugarcane molassesindicate that the constructed yeast cell factory is an excellent candidate strain for the production of high-value-added PPD and its derivativeswith great industrial potential. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12934-022-01949-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhu
- grid.256609.e0000 0001 2254 5798College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004 China ,grid.418329.50000 0004 1774 8517State Key Laboratory of Non-Food Biomass and Enzyme Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Biomass Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, 98 Daling Road, Nanning, 530007 China
| | - Jianxiu Li
- grid.418329.50000 0004 1774 8517State Key Laboratory of Non-Food Biomass and Enzyme Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Biomass Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, 98 Daling Road, Nanning, 530007 China
| | - Longyun Peng
- grid.418329.50000 0004 1774 8517State Key Laboratory of Non-Food Biomass and Enzyme Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Biomass Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, 98 Daling Road, Nanning, 530007 China
| | - Lijun Meng
- grid.418329.50000 0004 1774 8517State Key Laboratory of Non-Food Biomass and Enzyme Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Biomass Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, 98 Daling Road, Nanning, 530007 China
| | - Mengxue Diao
- grid.418329.50000 0004 1774 8517State Key Laboratory of Non-Food Biomass and Enzyme Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Biomass Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, 98 Daling Road, Nanning, 530007 China
| | - Shuiyuan Jiang
- grid.469559.20000 0000 9677 2830Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuangzu Autonomous Region and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin, 541006 China
| | - Jianbin Li
- grid.256609.e0000 0001 2254 5798College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004 China
| | - Nengzhong Xie
- grid.418329.50000 0004 1774 8517State Key Laboratory of Non-Food Biomass and Enzyme Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Biomass Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, 98 Daling Road, Nanning, 530007 China
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12
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Xia F, Du J, Wang K, Liu L, Ba L, Liu H, Liu Y. Application of Multiple Strategies To Debottleneck the Biosynthesis of Longifolene by Engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:11336-11343. [PMID: 36047715 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Longifolene as an important sesquiterpene had enormous biological benefits. However, the low productivity of longifolene relying on chemical catalysis and plant extraction limited its wide application. Herein, the longifolene biosynthetic pathway was introduced into Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and multiple genetic strategies were applied to debottleneck the synthesis of longifolene, including the regulation of the rate-limiting enzymes, the elimination of the competitive pathways, the screening of the molecular chaperone to improve synthase activity, and the enhancement of the precursor supply. After combinationally applying these optimum strategies, the production of longifolene reached 27.30 mg/L in shake flasks and 1249 mg/L in fed-batch fermentation, respectively, which was the highest yield of longifolene reported thus far. It was demonstrated that the strategies applied in our work were effective in promoting the biosynthesis of longifolene, which not only laid a significant foundation for its industrial production but also provided a platform for the synthesis of other terpenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furong Xia
- Beijing Bioprocess Key Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingping Du
- Beijing Bioprocess Key Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Wang
- Beijing Bioprocess Key Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Liu
- Beijing Bioprocess Key Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Limin Ba
- Zhongmu Research Institute, China Animal Husbandry Industry Company, Limited, Beijing 100095, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Liu
- Beijing Bioprocess Key Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhui Liu
- Beijing Bioprocess Key Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
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13
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Dantas LB, Alcântara IS, Júnior CPS, de Oliveira MRC, Martins AO, Dantas TM, Ribeiro-Filho J, Coutinho HDM, Passos FR, Quintans-Júnior LJ, Almeida JRG, Cruz-Martins N, Kim B, de Menezes IRA. In vivo and in silico anti-inflammatory properties of the sesquiterpene valencene. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113478. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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14
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Cao C, Cao X, Yu W, Chen Y, Lin X, Zhu B, Zhou YJ. Global Metabolic Rewiring of Yeast Enables Overproduction of Sesquiterpene (+)-Valencene. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:7180-7187. [PMID: 35657170 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c01394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
(+)-Valencene is a bioactive sesquiterpene that can be used for flavoring and fragrances, and microbial production provides an alternative sustainable access. However, the complexity of cellular metabolism makes it challenging for its high-level production. Here, we report the global rewiring cellular metabolism for de novo production of (+)-valencene in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae by engineering central metabolism, mevalonate pathway, and sesquiterpenoid synthase. In particular, we show that metabolic transformation can help accelerate the strain construction process and multiple copy expression of sesquiterpenoid synthase is essential for boosting the metabolic flux for product synthesis with enhanced supply of precursors. The engineered strain produced 1.2 g/L (+)-valencene under fed-batch fermentation in shake flasks, which was increased by 549-fold and demonstrated great potential of the yeast cell factory for (+)-valencene production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Cao
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Food Deep Processing, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, People's Republic of China
- Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Cao
- Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Yu
- Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingxi Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Food Deep Processing, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinping Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Food Deep Processing, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, People's Republic of China
| | - Beiwei Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Food Deep Processing, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjin J Zhou
- Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
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15
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Paramasivan K, Abdulla A, Gupta N, Mutturi S. In silico target-based strain engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for terpene precursor improvement. Integr Biol (Camb) 2022; 14:25-36. [DOI: 10.1093/intbio/zyac003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Systems-based metabolic engineering enables cells to enhance product formation by predicting gene knockout and overexpression targets using modeling tools. FOCuS, a novel metaheuristic tool, was used to predict flux improvement targets in terpenoid pathway using the genome-scale model of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, iMM904. Some of the key knockout target predicted includes LYS1, GAP1, AAT1, AAT2, TH17, KGD-m, MET14, PDC1 and ACO1. It was also observed that the knockout reactions belonged either to fatty acid biosynthesis, amino acid synthesis pathways or nucleotide biosynthesis pathways. Similarly, overexpression targets such as PFK1, FBA1, ZWF1, TDH1, PYC1, ALD6, TPI1, PDX1 and ENO1 were established using three different existing gene amplification algorithms. Most of the overexpression targets belonged to glycolytic and pentose phosphate pathways. Each of these targets had plausible role for improving flux toward sterol pathway and were seemingly not artifacts. Moreover, an in vitro study as validation was carried with overexpression of ALD6 and TPI1. It was found that there was an increase in squalene synthesis by 2.23- and 4.24- folds, respectively, when compared with control. In general, the rationale for predicting these in silico targets was attributed to either increasing the acetyl-CoA precursor pool or regeneration of NADPH, which increase the sterol pathway flux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalaivani Paramasivan
- Microbiology and Fermentation Technology Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Aneesha Abdulla
- Microbiology and Fermentation Technology Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nabarupa Gupta
- Microbiology and Fermentation Technology Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, India
| | - Sarma Mutturi
- Microbiology and Fermentation Technology Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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16
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Ye Z, Huang Y, Shi B, Xiang Z, Tian Z, Huang M, Wu L, Deng Z, Shen K, Liu T. Coupling cell growth and biochemical pathway induction in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for production of (+)-valencene and its chemical conversion to (+)-nootkatone. Metab Eng 2022; 72:107-115. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2022.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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17
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Ye Z, Shi B, Huang Y, Ma T, Xiang Z, Hu B, Kuang Z, Huang M, Lin X, Tian Z, Deng Z, Shen K, Liu T. Revolution of vitamin E production by starting from microbial fermented farnesene to isophytol. Innovation (N Y) 2022; 3:100228. [PMID: 35373168 PMCID: PMC8968663 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2022.100228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin E is one of the most widely used vitamins. In the classical commercial synthesis of vitamin E (α-tocopherol), the chemical synthesis of isophytol is the key technical barrier. Here, we establish a new process for isophytol synthesis from microbial fermented farnesene. To achieve an efficient pathway for farnesene production, Saccharomyces cerevisiae was selected as the host strain. First, β-farnesene synthase genes from different sources were screened, and through protein engineering and system metabolic engineering, a high production of β-farnesene in S. cerevisiae was achieved (55.4 g/L). This farnesene can be chemically converted into isophytol in three steps with approximately 92% yield, which is economically equal to that from the best total chemical synthesis. Furthermore, we co-produced lycopene and farnesene to reduce the cost of farnesene. A factory based on this new process was successfully operated in Hubei Province, China, in 2017, with an annual output of 30,000 tons of vitamin E. This new process has completely changed the vitamin E market due to its low cost and safety. The traditional chemical synthesis of vitamin E is complex and could be explosive An innovative way to synthesize isophytol from biofermented farnesene is established This process is safer and cheaper, changing the production and marketing of vitamin E Co-production of β-farnesene and lycopene improves the competitiveness of this process
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziling Ye
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- J1 Biotech Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430075, China
| | - Bin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- J1 Biotech Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430075, China
| | - Yanglei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Tian Ma
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zilei Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Ben Hu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zhaolin Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Man Huang
- J1 Biotech Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430075, China
| | - Xiaoying Lin
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zhu Tian
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zixin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Kun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Tiangang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Corresponding author
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18
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Macromolecular protein crystallisation with biotemplate of live cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3005. [PMID: 35194113 PMCID: PMC8864025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06999-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Macromolecular protein crystallisation was one of the potential tools to accelerate the biomanufacturing of biopharmaceuticals. In this work, it was the first time to investigate the roles of biotemplates, Saccharomyces cerevisiae live cells, in the crystallisation processes of lysozyme, with different concentrations from 20 to 2.5 mg/mL lysozyme and different concentrations from 0 to 5.0 × 107 (cfu/mL) Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells, during a period of 96 h. During the crystallisation period, the nucleation possibility in droplets, crystal numbers, and cell growth and cell density were observed and analysed. The results indicated the strong interaction between the lysozyme molecules and the cell wall of the S. cerevisiae, proved by the crystallization of lysozyme with fluorescent labels. The biotemplates demonstrated positive influence or negative influence on the nucleation, i.e. shorter or longer induction time, dependent on the concentrations of the lysozyme and the S. cerevisiae cells, and ratios between them. In the biomanufacturing process, target proteins were various cells were commonly mixed with various cells, and this work provides novel insights of new design and application of live cells as biotemplates for purification of macromolecules.
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19
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Cha Y, Li W, Wu T, You X, Chen H, Zhu C, Zhuo M, Chen B, Li S. Probing the Synergistic Ratio of P450/CPR To Improve (+)-Nootkatone Production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:815-825. [PMID: 35015539 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c07035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
(+)-Nootkatone is an expensive sesquiterpene substance found in grapefruit peels and the heartwood of yellow cedar. It can be used as a food additive, perfume, and insect repellent; therefore, its highly efficient production is greatly needed. However, the low catalytic efficiency of the membrane-anchored cytochrome P450/P450 reductase system (HPO/AtCPR) is the main challenge and limits the production of (+)-nootkatone. We developed an effective high-throughput screening system based on cell wall destruction to probe the optimal ratio of HPO/AtCPR, which achieved a twofold elevation in (+)-valencene oxidation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. An engineered strain PK2RI-AtC/Hm6A was constructed to realize de novo (+)-nootkatone production by a series of metabolic engineering strategies. In biphasic fed-batch fermentation, maximum titers of 3.73 and 1.02 g/L for (+)-valencene and (+)-nootkatone, respectively, were achieved. The dramatically improved performance of the constructed S. cerevisiae provides an excellent approach for economical production of (+)-nootkatone from glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Cha
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wen Li
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tao Wu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xia You
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hefeng Chen
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chaoyi Zhu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Min Zhuo
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Heilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co., Ltd., Beijing 100015, China
| | - Shuang Li
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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20
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Dietsch M, Behle A, Westhoff P, Axmann IM. Metabolic engineering of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 for the photoproduction of the sesquiterpene valencene. Metab Eng Commun 2021; 13:e00178. [PMID: 34466381 PMCID: PMC8382996 DOI: 10.1016/j.mec.2021.e00178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are extremely adaptable, fast-growing, solar-powered cell factories that, like plants, are able to convert carbon dioxide into sugar and oxygen and thereby produce a large number of important compounds. Due to their unique phototrophy-associated physiological properties, i.e. naturally occurring isoprenoid metabolic pathway, they represent a highly promising platform for terpenoid biosynthesis. Here, we implemented a carefully devised engineering strategy to boost the biosynthesis of commercially attractive plant sequiterpenes, in particular valencene. Sesquiterpenes are a diverse group of bioactive metabolites, mainly produced in higher plants, but with often low concentrations and expensive downstream extraction. In this work we successfully demonstrate a multi-component engineering approach towards the photosynthetic production of valencene in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. First, we improved the flux towards valencene by markerless genomic deletions of shc and sqs. Secondly, we downregulated the formation of carotenoids, which are essential for viability of the cell, using CRISPRi on crtE. Finally, we intended to increase the spatial proximity of the two enzymes, ispA and CnVS, involved in valencene formation by creating an operon construct, as well as a fusion protein. Combining the most successful strategies resulted in a valencene production of 19 mg/g DCW in Synechocystis. In this work, we have devised a useful platform for future engineering steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Dietsch
- Institute for Synthetic Microbiology, Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anna Behle
- Institute for Synthetic Microbiology, Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Philipp Westhoff
- Plant Metabolism and Metabolomics Laboratory, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, D-40001, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ilka M. Axmann
- Institute for Synthetic Microbiology, Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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21
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Zhang X, Liu X, Meng Y, Zhang L, Qiao J, Zhao GR. Combinatorial engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for improving limonene production. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.108155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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22
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Heath RS, Ruscoe RE, Turner NJ. The beauty of biocatalysis: sustainable synthesis of ingredients in cosmetics. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 39:335-388. [PMID: 34879125 DOI: 10.1039/d1np00027f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Covering: 2015 up to July 2021The market for cosmetics is consumer driven and the desire for green, sustainable and natural ingredients is increasing. The use of isolated enzymes and whole-cell organisms to synthesise these products is congruent with these values, especially when combined with the use of renewable, recyclable or waste feedstocks. The literature of biocatalysis for the synthesis of ingredients in cosmetics in the past five years is herein reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel S Heath
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK.
| | - Rebecca E Ruscoe
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK.
| | - Nicholas J Turner
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK.
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23
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Liang Z, Zhi H, Fang Z, Zhang P. Genetic engineering of yeast, filamentous fungi and bacteria for terpene production and applications in food industry. Food Res Int 2021; 147:110487. [PMID: 34399483 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Terpenes are a major class of natural aromatic compounds in grapes and wines to offer the characteristic flavor and aroma, serving as important quality traits of wine products. Saccharomyces cerevisiae represents an excellent cell factory platform for large-scale bio-based terpene production. This review describes the biosynthetic pathways of terpenes in different organisms. The metabolic engineering of S. cerevisiae for promoting terpene biosynthesis and the alternative microbial engineering platforms including filamentous fungi and Escherichia coli are also elaborated. Additionally, the potential applications of the terpene products from engineered microorganisms in food and beverage industries are also discussed. This review provides comprehensive information for an innovative supply way of terpene via microbial cell factory, which could facilitate the development and application of this technique at the industrial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Liang
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Hang Zhi
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Zhongxiang Fang
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Pangzhen Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
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24
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Morowvat MH. CRISPeering: Bioengineering the Host Cells through CRISPR-Cas9 Genome Editing System as the Next-Generation of Cell Factories. Recent Pat Biotechnol 2021; 15:137-147. [PMID: 33874877 DOI: 10.2174/1872208315666210419102117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nowadays, CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing system has become a popular bioengineering-based tool for various applications. Owing to its high-target specificity, efficiency, versatility and simplicity, it has gained attraction as a robust tool for molecular biology research, which unveils the biological functions of unstudied genes. As well as engineering the metabolic pathways. Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, and Escherichia coli, are regarded as the most commonly used expression platforms for industrial-scale production of recombinant proteins. The immergence of CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing system, will promote the current status of expression hosts towards controllable and predictable strains. OBJECTIVES Here, I present the current status of expression hosts for biopharmaceuticals production. Some major accomplishments in utilization of CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing tool in different prokaryotic and eukaryotic system will be discussed and more importantly the future directions of this newly arrived technology to make the next-generation cell factories with improved or novel properties will be suggested. Besides, the challenges facing with recent patents on this field is discussed as well. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The CRISPR-Cas9 genome-editing tool has been adopted to be utilized in some major expression platforms. CRISPeering has been successfully employed for genome editing in different prokaryotic and eukaryotic host cells. The immergence of systems metabolic engineering, systems biology and synthetic biology will fortify the current situation of CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hossein Morowvat
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Centre, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71468-64685, Shiraz. Iran
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25
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Paulino BN, Sales A, Felipe L, Pastore GM, Molina G, Bicas JL. Recent advances in the microbial and enzymatic production of aroma compounds. Curr Opin Food Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2020.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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26
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Hilgers F, Habash SS, Loeschcke A, Ackermann YS, Neumann S, Heck A, Klaus O, Hage-Hülsmann J, Grundler FMW, Jaeger KE, Schleker ASS, Drepper T. Heterologous Production of β-Caryophyllene and Evaluation of Its Activity against Plant Pathogenic Fungi. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9010168. [PMID: 33466643 PMCID: PMC7828715 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9010168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Terpenoids constitute one of the largest and most diverse groups within the class of secondary metabolites, comprising over 80,000 compounds. They not only exhibit important functions in plant physiology but also have commercial potential in the biotechnological, pharmaceutical, and agricultural sectors due to their promising properties, including various bioactivities against pathogens, inflammations, and cancer. In this work, we therefore aimed to implement the plant sesquiterpenoid pathway leading to β-caryophyllene in the heterologous host Rhodobacter capsulatus and achieved a maximum production of 139 ± 31 mg L-1 culture. As this sesquiterpene offers various beneficial anti-phytopathogenic activities, we evaluated the bioactivity of β-caryophyllene and its oxygenated derivative β-caryophyllene oxide against different phytopathogenic fungi. Here, both compounds significantly inhibited the growth of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Fusarium oxysporum by up to 40%, while growth of Alternaria brassicicola was only slightly affected, and Phoma lingam and Rhizoctonia solani were unaffected. At the same time, the compounds showed a promising low inhibitory profile for a variety of plant growth-promoting bacteria at suitable compound concentrations. Our observations thus give a first indication that β-caryophyllene and β-caryophyllene oxide are promising natural agents, which might be applicable for the management of certain plant pathogenic fungi in agricultural crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabienne Hilgers
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany; (F.H.); (A.L.); (Y.S.A.); (O.K.); (J.H.-H.); (K.-E.J.)
| | - Samer S. Habash
- INRES—Molecular Phytomedicine, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Str. 13, 53115 Bonn, Germany; (S.S.H.); (S.N.); (F.M.W.G.)
| | - Anita Loeschcke
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany; (F.H.); (A.L.); (Y.S.A.); (O.K.); (J.H.-H.); (K.-E.J.)
| | - Yannic Sebastian Ackermann
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany; (F.H.); (A.L.); (Y.S.A.); (O.K.); (J.H.-H.); (K.-E.J.)
| | - Stefan Neumann
- INRES—Molecular Phytomedicine, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Str. 13, 53115 Bonn, Germany; (S.S.H.); (S.N.); (F.M.W.G.)
| | - Achim Heck
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences (IBG-1: Biotechnology) Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany;
| | - Oliver Klaus
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany; (F.H.); (A.L.); (Y.S.A.); (O.K.); (J.H.-H.); (K.-E.J.)
| | - Jennifer Hage-Hülsmann
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany; (F.H.); (A.L.); (Y.S.A.); (O.K.); (J.H.-H.); (K.-E.J.)
| | - Florian M. W. Grundler
- INRES—Molecular Phytomedicine, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Str. 13, 53115 Bonn, Germany; (S.S.H.); (S.N.); (F.M.W.G.)
| | - Karl-Erich Jaeger
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany; (F.H.); (A.L.); (Y.S.A.); (O.K.); (J.H.-H.); (K.-E.J.)
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences (IBG-1: Biotechnology) Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany;
| | - A. Sylvia S. Schleker
- INRES—Molecular Phytomedicine, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Str. 13, 53115 Bonn, Germany; (S.S.H.); (S.N.); (F.M.W.G.)
- Correspondence: (A.S.S.S.); (T.D.)
| | - Thomas Drepper
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany; (F.H.); (A.L.); (Y.S.A.); (O.K.); (J.H.-H.); (K.-E.J.)
- Correspondence: (A.S.S.S.); (T.D.)
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27
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Rainha J, Rodrigues JL, Rodrigues LR. CRISPR-Cas9: A Powerful Tool to Efficiently Engineer Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Life (Basel) 2020; 11:13. [PMID: 33375364 PMCID: PMC7823794 DOI: 10.3390/life11010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been for a long time a common model for fundamental biological studies and a popular biotechnological engineering platform to produce chemicals, fuels, and pharmaceuticals due to its peculiar characteristics. Both lines of research require an effective editing of the native genetic elements or the inclusion of heterologous pathways into the yeast genome. Although S. cerevisiae is a well-known host with several molecular biology tools available, a more precise tool is still needed. The clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeats-associated Cas9 (CRISPR-Cas9) system is a current, widespread genome editing tool. The implementation of a reprogrammable, precise, and specific method, such as CRISPR-Cas9, to edit the S. cerevisiae genome has revolutionized laboratory practices. Herein, we describe and discuss some applications of the CRISPR-Cas9 system in S. cerevisiae from simple gene knockouts to more complex processes such as artificial heterologous pathway integration, transcriptional regulation, or tolerance engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lígia R. Rodrigues
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (J.R.); (J.L.R.)
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Zhao D, Zhu X, Zhou H, Sun N, Wang T, Bi C, Zhang X. CRISPR-based metabolic pathway engineering. Metab Eng 2020; 63:148-159. [PMID: 33152516 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2020.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A highly effective metabolic pathway is the key for an efficient cell factory. However, the engineered homologous or heterologous multi-gene pathway may be unbalanced, inefficient and causing the accumulation of potentially toxic intermediates. Therefore, pathways must be constructed optimally to minimize these negative effects and maximize catalytic efficiency. With the development of CRISPR technology, some of the problems of previous pathway engineering and genome editing techniques were resolved, providing higher efficiency, lower cost, and easily customizable targets. Moreover, CRISPR was demonstrated as robust and effective in various organisms including both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In recent years, researchers in the field of metabolic engineering and synthetic biology have exploited various CRISPR-based pathway engineering approaches, which are both effective and convenient, as well as valuable from a theoretical standpoint. In this review, we systematically summarize novel pathway engineering techniques and strategies based on CRISPR nucleases system, CRISPR interference (CRISPRi), and CRISPR activation (CRISPRa), including figures and descriptions for easy understanding, with the aim to facilitate their broader application among fellow researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Zhao
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Xinna Zhu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Hang Zhou
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Naxin Sun
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Changhao Bi
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.
| | - Xueli Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.
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29
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Yang B, Feng X, Li C. Microbial Cell Factory for Efficiently Synthesizing Plant Natural Products via Optimizing the Location and Adaptation of Pathway on Genome Scale. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:969. [PMID: 32923436 PMCID: PMC7457125 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant natural products (PNPs) possess important pharmacological activities and are widely used in cosmetics, health care products, and as food additives. Currently, most PNPs are mainly extracted from cultivated plants, and the yield is limited by the long growth cycle, climate change and complex processing steps, which makes the process unsustainable. However, the complex structure of PNPs significantly reduces the efficiency of chemical synthesis. With the development of metabolic engineering and synthetic biology, heterologous biosynthesis of PNPs in microbial cell factories offers an attractive alternative. Based on the in-depth mining and analysis of genome and transcriptome data, the biosynthetic pathways of a number of natural products have been successfully elucidated, which lays the crucial foundation for heterologous production. However, there are several problems in the microbial synthesis of PNPs, including toxicity of intermediates, low enzyme activity, multiple auxotrophic dependence, and uncontrollable metabolic network. Although various metabolic engineering strategies have been developed to solve these problems, optimizing the location and adaptation of pathways on the whole-genome scale is an important strategy in microorganisms. From this perspective, this review introduces the application of CRISPR/Cas9 in editing PNPs biosynthesis pathways in model microorganisms, the influences of pathway location, and the approaches for optimizing the adaptation between metabolic pathways and chassis hosts for facilitating PNPs biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xudong Feng
- Institute for Synthetic Biosystem/Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Chun Li
- SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Institute for Synthetic Biosystem/Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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30
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Lee J, Hilgers F, Loeschke A, Jaeger KE, Feldbrügge M. Ustilago maydis Serves as a Novel Production Host for the Synthesis of Plant and Fungal Sesquiterpenoids. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1655. [PMID: 32849341 PMCID: PMC7396576 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sesquiterpenoids are important secondary metabolites with various pharma- and nutraceutical properties. In particular, higher basidiomycetes possess a versatile biosynthetic repertoire for these bioactive compounds. To date, only a few microbial production systems for fungal sesquiterpenoids have been established. Here, we introduce Ustilago maydis as a novel production host. This model fungus is a close relative of higher basidiomycetes. It offers the advantage of metabolic compatibility and potential tolerance for substances toxic to other microorganisms. We successfully implemented a heterologous pathway to produce the carotenoid lycopene that served as a straightforward read-out for precursor pathway engineering. Overexpressing genes encoding enzymes of the mevalonate pathway resulted in increased lycopene levels. Verifying the subcellular localization of the relevant enzymes revealed that initial metabolic reactions might take place in peroxisomes: despite the absence of a canonical peroxisomal targeting sequence, acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase Aat1 localized to peroxisomes. By expressing the plant (+)-valencene synthase CnVS and the basidiomycete sesquiterpenoid synthase Cop6, we succeeded in producing (+)-valencene and α-cuprenene, respectively. Importantly, the fungal compound yielded about tenfold higher titers in comparison to the plant substance. This proof of principle demonstrates that U. maydis can serve as promising novel chassis for the production of terpenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungho Lee
- Bioeconomy Science Centre, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Institute for Microbiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Fabienne Hilgers
- Institute for Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, and Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1, Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Anita Loeschke
- Institute for Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, and Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1, Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Karl-Erich Jaeger
- Institute for Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, and Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1, Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Michael Feldbrügge
- Bioeconomy Science Centre, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Institute for Microbiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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31
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Cao X, Yang S, Cao C, Zhou YJ. Harnessing sub-organelle metabolism for biosynthesis of isoprenoids in yeast. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2020; 5:179-186. [PMID: 32637671 PMCID: PMC7332497 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2020.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Current yeast metabolic engineering in isoprenoids production mainly focuses on rewiring of cytosolic metabolic pathway. However, the precursors, cofactors and the enzymes are distributed in various sub-cellular compartments, which may hamper isoprenoid biosynthesis. On the other side, pathway compartmentalization provides several advantages for improving metabolic flux toward target products. We here summarize the recent advances on harnessing sub-organelle for isoprenoids biosynthesis in yeast, and analyze the knowledge about the localization of enzymes, cofactors and metabolites for guiding the rewiring of the sub-organelle metabolism. This review may provide some insights for constructing efficient yeast cell factories for production of isoprenoids and even other natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Cao
- Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, PR China.,Dalian Key Laboratory of Energy Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, PR China
| | - Shan Yang
- Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, PR China.,Dalian Key Laboratory of Energy Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Chunyang Cao
- Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, PR China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, PR China
| | - Yongjin J Zhou
- Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, PR China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, PR China.,Dalian Key Laboratory of Energy Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, PR China
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32
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Luo LQ, Chen YG, Li DS, Liu Y, Li SH. Production of the Inaccessible Sesquiterpene (-)-5-Epieremophilene by Metabolically Engineered Escherichia coli. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e2000219. [PMID: 32352210 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
(-)-5-Epieremophilene, an epimer of the versatile sesquiterpene (+)-valencene, is an inaccessible natural product catalyzed by three sesquiterpene synthases (SmSTPSs1-3) of the Chinese medicinal herb Salvia miltiorrhiza, and its biological activity remains less explored. In this study, three metabolically engineered Escherichia coli strains were constructed for (-)-5-epieremophilene production with yields of 42.4-76.0 mg/L in shake-flask culture. Introducing an additional copy of farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FDPS) gene through fusion expression of SmSTPS1-FDPS or dividing the FDP synthetic pathway into two modules resulted in significantly improved production, and ultimately 250 mg of (-)-5-epieremophilene were achieved. Biological assay indicated that (-)-5-epieremophilene showed significant antifeedant activity against Helicoverpa armigera (EC50 =1.25 μg/cm2 ), a common pest of S. miltiorrhiza, implying its potential defensive role in the plant. The results provided an ideal material supply for studying other potential biological activities of (-)-5-epieremophilene, and also a strategy for manipulating terpene production in engineered E. coli using synthetic biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu-Qiong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yue-Gui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - De-Sen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, P. R. China
| | - Sheng-Hong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, P. R. China
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33
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Zhang C, Hong K. Production of Terpenoids by Synthetic Biology Approaches. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:347. [PMID: 32391346 PMCID: PMC7193017 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Terpenoids are a large family of natural products with remarkable diverse biological functions, and have a wide range of applications as pharmaceuticals, flavors, pigments, and biofuels. Synthetic biology is presenting possibilities for sustainable and efficient production of high value-added terpenoids in engineered microbial cell factories, using Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae which are identified as well-known industrial workhorses. They also provide a promising alternative to produce non-native terpenes on account of available genetic tools in metabolic engineering and genome editing. In this review, we summarize the recent development in terpenoids production by synthetic biology approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caizhe Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kui Hong
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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34
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Chen R, Yang S, Zhang L, Zhou YJ. Advanced Strategies for Production of Natural Products in Yeast. iScience 2020; 23:100879. [PMID: 32087574 PMCID: PMC7033514 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.100879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products account for more than 50% of all small-molecule pharmaceutical agents currently in clinical use. However, low availability often becomes problematic when a bioactive natural product is promising to become a pharmaceutical or leading compound. Advances in synthetic biology and metabolic engineering provide a feasible solution for sustainable supply of these compounds. In this review, we have summarized current progress in engineering yeast cell factories for production of natural products, including terpenoids, alkaloids, and phenylpropanoids. We then discuss advanced strategies in metabolic engineering at three different dimensions, including point, line, and plane (corresponding to the individual enzymes and cofactors, metabolic pathways, and the global cellular network). In particular, we comprehensively discuss how to engineer cofactor biosynthesis for enhancing the biosynthesis efficiency, other than the enzyme activity. Finally, current challenges and perspective are also discussed for future engineering direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruibing Chen
- Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shan Yang
- Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; Biomedical Innovation R&D Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yongjin J Zhou
- Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Energy Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
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