1
|
Bian X, Cao F, Wang X, Hou Y, Zhao H, Liu Y. Establishment and characterization of a new human colon cancer cell line, PUMC-CRC1. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13122. [PMID: 34162944 PMCID: PMC8222262 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92491-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common and fatal gastrointestinal cancers worldwide. Considering their diversity, the establishment of new continuous CRC cell lines with clear genetic backgrounds will provide useful tools for exploring molecular mechanisms, screening and evaluating antitumor drugs in CRC studies. Our de novo CRC cell line, PUMC-CRC1 (Peking Union Medical College Colorectal Cancer 1) was derived from a 47-year-old Chinese female patient diagnosed with moderately to poorly differentiated colon adenocarcinoma. Multiple experiments were used for full characterization. The new cell line was epithelial-like and was passaged for more than 40 times, with a population doubling time of 44 h in vitro, detected by cell counts. The cells exhibited complicated chromosomal abnormalities. The tumor formation rate in SCID mice was 100%. The xenograft tumor was adenocarcinoma with poor to moderate differentiation by Haematoxylin and Eosin staining (H&E) sections. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis and next-generation sequencing (NGS) revealed microsatellite stable (MSS), APC (p.T1493fs) inactivation, KRAS (p.G12V) activation, and SMAD4 (p.V506A) mutation. Quality control of the cell line proved mycoplasma negative and identical STR profile with that of the original tissue, and no interspecific or intraspecific cross contamination was detected. In conclusion, PUMC-CRC1 was a newly established and well characterized human colon cancer cell line, which might be a good model for both in vitro and in vivo studies of the mechanism of colon cancer progression and the treatment strategies for MSS CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocui Bian
- Department of Pathology, Cell Resource Center, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, 100005, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Cell Resource Center, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, 100005, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhong Hou
- Department of Pathology, Cell Resource Center, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, 100005, People's Republic of China
| | - Haitao Zhao
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuqin Liu
- Department of Pathology, Cell Resource Center, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, 100005, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Profiling of conditionally reprogrammed cell lines for in vitro chemotherapy response prediction of pancreatic cancer. EBioMedicine 2021; 65:103218. [PMID: 33639403 PMCID: PMC7921470 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The establishment of patient-derived models for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) using conventional methods has been fraught with low success rate, mainly because of the small number of tumour cells and dense fibrotic stroma. Here, we sought to establish patient-derived model of PDAC and perform genetic analysis with responses to anticancer drug by using the conditionally reprogrammed cell (CRC) methodology. METHODS We performed in vitro and in vivo tumourigenicity assays and analysed histological characteristics by immunostaining. We investigated genetic profiles including mutation patterns and copy number variations using targeted deep sequencing and copy-number analyses. We assessed the responses of cultured CRCs to the available clinical anticancer drugs based on patient responsiveness. FINDINGS We established a total of 28 CRCs from patients. Of the 28 samples, 27 showed KRAS mutations in codon 12/13 or codon 61. We found that somatic mutations were shared in the primary-CRC pairs and shared mutations included key oncogenic mutations such as KRAS (9 pairs), TP53 (8 pairs), and SMAD4 (3 pairs). Overall, CRCs preserved the genetic characteristics of primary tumours with high concordance, with additional confirmation of low-AF NPM1 mutation in CRC (35 shared mutations out of 36 total, concordance rate=97.2%). CRCs of the responder group were more sensitive to anticancer agents than those of the non-responder group (P < 0.001). INTERPRETATION These results show that a pancreatic cancer cell line model can be efficiently established using the CRC methodology, to better support a personalized therapeutic approach for pancreatic cancer patients. FUNDING 2014R1A1A1006272, HI19C0642-060019, 2019R1A2C2008050, 2020R1A2C209958611, and 2020M3E5E204028211.
Collapse
|
3
|
Differential Gemcitabine Sensitivity in Primary Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells and Paired Stellate Cells Is Driven by Heterogenous Drug Uptake and Processing. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123628. [PMID: 33287390 PMCID: PMC7761836 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC, also known as pancreatic cancer) is one of the deadliest tumor types, characterized by poor prognosis, profound chemoresistance and overall low survival. Gemcitabine remains the standard of care for all stages of PDAC, however, with poor clinical benefits which is considered to be due to reduced drug availability in tumor cells. Gemcitabine-induced cytotoxicity depends upon sufficient drug uptake followed by intracellular activation. Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs), a major stromal component of PDAC, were recently reported to scavenge active metabolites of gemcitabine, thereby making it unavailable for cancer cells. Gemcitabine uptake and processing in both tumor cells and PSCs, as well as expression analysis of its molecular metabolic regulators, was investigated in this study. We observed heterogeneous gemcitabine-induced cytotoxicity in different pancreatic cancer cells whereas it was absent in PSCs. The gemcitabine-induced cytotoxicity in pancreatic cancer cells was driven by differential expression of its molecular regulators. Abstract Gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is attributed to cancer cell-intrinsic drug processing and the impact of the tumor microenvironment, especially pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs). This study uses human PDAC-derived paired primary cancer cells (PCCs) and PSCs from four different tumors, and the PDAC cell lines BxPC-3, Mia PaCa-2, and Panc-1, to assess the fate of gemcitabine by measuring its cellular uptake, cytotoxicity, and LC-MS/MS-based metabolite analysis. Expression analysis and siRNA-mediated knockdown of key regulators of gemcitabine (hENT1, CDA, DCK, NT5C1A) was performed. Compared to PSCs, both the paired primary PCCs and cancer cell lines showed gemcitabine-induced dose-dependent cytotoxicity, high uptake, as well as high and variable intracellular levels of gemcitabine metabolites. PSCs were gemcitabine-resistant and demonstrated significantly lower drug uptake, which was not influenced by co-culturing with their paired PCCs. Expression of key gemcitabine regulators was variable, but overall strong in the cancer cells and significantly lower or undetectable in PSCs. In cancer cells, hENT1 inhibition significantly downregulated gemcitabine uptake and cytotoxicity, whereas DCK knockdown reduced cytotoxicity. In conclusion, heterogeneity in gemcitabine processing among different pancreatic cancer cells and stellate cells results from the differential expression of molecular regulators which determines the effect of gemcitabine.
Collapse
|
4
|
Ehlen L, Arndt J, Treue D, Bischoff P, Loch FN, Hahn EM, Kotsch K, Klauschen F, Beyer K, Margonis GA, Kreis ME, Kamphues C. Novel methods for in vitro modeling of pancreatic cancer reveal important aspects for successful primary cell culture. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:417. [PMID: 32404074 PMCID: PMC7222463 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-06929-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic cancer remains a fatal disease. Experimental systems are needed for personalized treatment strategies, drug testing and to further understand tumor biology. Cell cultures can serve as an excellent preclinical platform, but their generation remains challenging. Methods Tumor cells from surgically removed pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) specimens were cultured under novel protocols. Cellular growth and composition were analyzed and culture conditions were continuously optimized. Characterization of cell cultures and primary tumors was performed via hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and immunofluorescence (IF) staining. Results Protocols for two- and three-dimensional PDAC primary cell cultures could successfully be established. Primary cell culture depended on dissociation techniques, growth factor supplementation and extracellular matrix components containing Matrigel being crucial for the transformation to three-dimensional PDAC organoids. The generated cultures showed to be highly resemblant to established PDAC primary cell cultures. HE and IF staining for cell culture and corresponding primary tumor characterization could successfully be performed. Conclusions The work presented herein shows novel and effective methods to successfully establish primary PDAC cell cultures in a distinct time frame. Factors contributing to cell growth and differentiation could be identified with important implications for further primary cell culture protocols. The established protocols might serve as novel tools in personalized tumor therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Ehlen
- Department of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - J Arndt
- Department of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - D Treue
- Institute of Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - P Bischoff
- Institute of Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - F N Loch
- Department of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - E M Hahn
- Department of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - K Kotsch
- Department of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - F Klauschen
- Institute of Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - K Beyer
- Department of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - G A Margonis
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - M E Kreis
- Department of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - C Kamphues
- Department of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Amrutkar M, Larsen EK, Aasrum M, Finstadsveen AV, Andresen PA, Verbeke CS, Gladhaug IP. Establishment and Characterization of Paired Primary Cultures of Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells and Stellate Cells Derived from the Same Tumor. Cells 2020; 9:cells9010227. [PMID: 31963309 PMCID: PMC7016771 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by an extremely poor prognosis, and its treatment remains a challenge. As the existing in vitro experimental models offer only a limited resemblance to human PDAC, there is a strong need for additional research tools to better understand PDAC tumor biology, particularly the impact of the tumor stroma. Here, we report for the first time the establishment and characterization of human PDAC-derived paired primary monolayer cultures of (epithelial) cancer cells (PCCs) and mesenchymal stellate cells (PSCs) derived from the same tumor by the outgrowth method. Characterization of cell morphology, cytostructural, and functional profiles and proteomics-based secretome analysis were performed. All PCCs harbored KRAS and TP53 mutations, and expressed cytokeratin 19, ki-67, and p53, while the expression of EpCAM and vimentin was variable. All PSCs expressed α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and vimentin. PCCs showed a significantly higher growth rate and proliferation than PSCs. Secretome analysis confirmed the distinct nature of PCCs as compared to PSCs and allowed identification of potential molecular regulators of PSC-conditioned medium (PSC-CM)-induced migration of PCCs. Paired primary cultures of PCCs and PSCs derived from the same tumor specimen represent a novel experimental model for basic research in PDAC tumor biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Amrutkar
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway; (E.K.L.); (M.A.)
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Blindern, 0318 Oslo, Norway;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +47-409-94-132
| | - Emma Kristine Larsen
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway; (E.K.L.); (M.A.)
| | - Monica Aasrum
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway; (E.K.L.); (M.A.)
| | - Anette Vefferstad Finstadsveen
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway; (A.V.F.); (P.A.A.); (C.S.V.)
| | - Per Arne Andresen
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway; (A.V.F.); (P.A.A.); (C.S.V.)
| | - Caroline S. Verbeke
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway; (A.V.F.); (P.A.A.); (C.S.V.)
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ivar P. Gladhaug
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Blindern, 0318 Oslo, Norway;
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Su D, Zhang D, Jin J, Ying L, Han M, Chen K, Li B, Wu J, Xie Z, Zhang F, Lin Y, Cheng G, Li JY, Huang M, Wang J, Wang K, Zhang J, Li F, Xiong L, Futreal A, Mao W. Identification of predictors of drug sensitivity using patient-derived models of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5076. [PMID: 31700061 PMCID: PMC6838071 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12846-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies from the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) project have adopted commercial pan-cancer cell line models to identify drug sensitivity biomarkers. However, drug sensitivity biomarkers in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) have not been widely explored. Here, eight patient-derived cell lines (PDCs) are successfully established from 123 patients with ESCC. The mutation profiling of PDCs can partially recapture the tumor tissue actionable mutations from 161 patients with ESCC. Based on these mutations and relative pathways in eight PDCs, 46 targeted drugs are selected for screening. Interestingly, some drug and biomarker relationships are established that were not discovered in the CCLE project. For example, CDKN2A or CDKN2B loss is significantly associated with the sensitivity of CDK4/6 inhibitors. Furthermore, both PDC xenografts and patient-derived xenografts confirm CDKN2A/2B loss as a biomarker predictive of CDK4/6 inhibitor sensitivity. Collectively, patient-derived models could predict targeted drug sensitivity associated with actionable mutations in ESCC. Predicting the drug response of patients with cancer is crucial for implementing targeted therapy. Here, Su et al. make patient-derived cell lines and perform targeted sequencing and RNA-seq to identify CDKN2A/2B loss as a predictor of response to CDK4/6 inhibitors in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Su
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. .,Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. .,Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Dadong Zhang
- Research and Development Institute of Precision Medicine, 3D Medicines Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaoyue Jin
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lisha Ying
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Miao Han
- Research and Development Institute of Precision Medicine, 3D Medicines Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Kaiyan Chen
- Department of Chemotherapy, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bin Li
- Research and Development Institute of Precision Medicine, 3D Medicines Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Junzhou Wu
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenghua Xie
- Research and Development Institute of Precision Medicine, 3D Medicines Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Fanrong Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yihui Lin
- Research and Development Institute of Precision Medicine, 3D Medicines Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Guoping Cheng
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing-Yu Li
- Research and Development Institute of Precision Medicine, 3D Medicines Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Minran Huang
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinchao Wang
- Research and Development Institute of Precision Medicine, 3D Medicines Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Kailai Wang
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Genomic Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Fugen Li
- Research and Development Institute of Precision Medicine, 3D Medicines Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Xiong
- Research and Development Institute of Precision Medicine, 3D Medicines Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Andrew Futreal
- Department of Genomic Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Honorary Faculty, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Weimin Mao
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. .,Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. .,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Owusu-Ansah KG, Song G, Chen R, Edoo MIA, Li J, Chen B, Wu J, Zhou L, Xie H, Jiang D, Zheng S. COL6A1 promotes metastasis and predicts poor prognosis in patients with pancreatic cancer. Int J Oncol 2019; 55:391-404. [PMID: 31268154 PMCID: PMC6615918 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most aggressive cancers worldwide with a high mortality rate. Prognosis remains poor even in this era of advanced medicine mainly due to early metastasis and invasion. The present study aimed to explore and validate predictors of distant metastasis and prognosis in pancreatic cancer. In our preliminary experiment, we established a novel metastatic pancreatic cancer cell line BxPC-M8 from parent BxPC-3 cells. Via whole genome sequencing, RT-qPCR, western blotting, migration and invasion assays, we initially found that BxPC-M8 shared similar biological characteristics to BxPC-3, but only differed in enhanced metastatic and invasive capabilities with a significant increase in collagen type VI α1 chain (COL6A1) expression. Knockdown of COL6A1 via small interfering RNA led to a significant decrease in migration and invasion of BxPC-M8 cells, suggesting suppressed epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Furthermore, a significant increase in COL6A1 expression was observed in cancerous tissue compared with paracancerous tissue (40.7 vs 3.7, P=0.001). Additionally, its expression was observed to be significantly associated with distant metastasis and vascular invasion at the time of surgery. Multivariate analysis revealed that COL6A1 expression (hazard ratio 1.90, 95% confidence interval 1.04-3.47, P=0.037) is an independent predictor of overall survival (OS). The median OS observed for COL6A1+ and COL6A1− patients was found to be 8±4 and 14±7 months (P=0.021), respectively. Of note, we identified that COL6A1 expression in tissue samples was associated with significantly reduced OS (P=0.001), demonstrating that COL6A1 may serve an important role in the metastatic process and could be considered as a predictor of poor outcomes in patients with pancreatic cancer. In addition, our findings suggest that COL6A1 could be an indicator of distant metastasis and a valid prognostic predictor in such patients; however, further investigation is required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kwabena Gyabaah Owusu-Ansah
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Guangyuan Song
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Ronggao Chen
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Muhammad Ibrahim Alhadi Edoo
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi‑organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Bingjie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi‑organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Jian Wu
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Haiyang Xie
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Donghai Jiang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Shusen Zheng
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Establishment of Highly Transplantable Cholangiocarcinoma Cell Lines from a Patient-Derived Xenograft Mouse Model. Cells 2019; 8:cells8050496. [PMID: 31126020 PMCID: PMC6562875 DOI: 10.3390/cells8050496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a deadly malignant tumor of the liver. It is a significant health problem in Thailand. The critical obstacles of CCA diagnosis and treatment are the high heterogeneity of disease and considerable resistance to treatment. Recent multi-omics studies revealed the promising targets for CCA treatment; however, limited models for drug discovery are available. This study aimed to develop a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model as well as PDX-derived cell lines of CCA for future drug screening. From a total of 16 CCA frozen tissues, 75% (eight intrahepatic and four extrahepatic subtypes) were successfully grown and subpassaged in Balb/c Rag-2-/-/Jak3-/- mice. A shorter duration of PDX growth was observed during F0 to F2 transplantation; concomitantly, increased Oct-3/4 and Sox2 were evidenced in 50% and 33%, respectively, of serial PDXs. Only four cell lines were established. The cell lines exhibited either bile duct (KKK-D049 and KKK-D068) or combined hepatobiliary origin (KKK-D131 and KKK-D138). These cell lines acquired high transplantation efficiency in both subcutaneous (100%) and intrasplenic (88%) transplantation models. The subcutaneously transplanted xenograft retained the histological architecture as in the patient tissues. Our models of CCA PDX and PDX-derived cell lines would be a useful platform for CCA precision medicine.
Collapse
|
9
|
Ehrenberg KR, Gao J, Oppel F, Frank S, Kang N, Kindinger T, Dieter SM, Herbst F, Möhrmann L, Dubash TD, Schulz ER, Strakerjahn H, Giessler KM, Weber S, Oberlack A, Rief EM, Strobel O, Bergmann F, Lasitschka F, Weitz J, Glimm H, Ball CR. Systematic Generation of Patient-Derived Tumor Models in Pancreatic Cancer. Cells 2019; 8:E142. [PMID: 30744205 PMCID: PMC6406729 DOI: 10.3390/cells8020142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In highly aggressive malignancies like pancreatic cancer (PC), patient-derived tumor models can serve as disease-relevant models to understand disease-related biology as well as to guide clinical decision-making. In this study, we describe a two-step protocol allowing systematic establishment of patient-derived primary cultures from PC patient tumors. Initial xenotransplantation of surgically resected patient tumors (n = 134) into immunodeficient mice allows for efficient in vivo expansion of vital tumor cells and successful tumor expansion in 38% of patient tumors (51/134). Expansion xenografts closely recapitulate the histoarchitecture of their matching patients' primary tumors. Digestion of xenograft tumors and subsequent in vitro cultivation resulted in the successful generation of semi-adherent PC cultures of pure epithelial cell origin in 43.1% of the cases. The established primary cultures include diverse pathological types of PC: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (86.3%, 19/22), adenosquamous carcinoma (9.1%, 2/22) and ductal adenocarcinoma with oncocytic IPMN (4.5%, 1/22). We here provide a protocol to establish quality-controlled PC patient-derived primary cell cultures from heterogeneous PC patient tumors. In vitro preclinical models provide the basis for the identification and preclinical assessment of novel therapeutic opportunities targeting pancreatic cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karl Roland Ehrenberg
- Translational Functional Cancer Genomics, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (K.R.E.); (J.G.); (F.O.); (S.F.); (N.K.); (T.K.); (S.M.D.); (F.H.); (T.D.D.); (E.R.S.); (H.S.); (K.M.G.); (S.W.); (A.O.); (E.-M.R.); (H.G.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jianpeng Gao
- Translational Functional Cancer Genomics, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (K.R.E.); (J.G.); (F.O.); (S.F.); (N.K.); (T.K.); (S.M.D.); (F.H.); (T.D.D.); (E.R.S.); (H.S.); (K.M.G.); (S.W.); (A.O.); (E.-M.R.); (H.G.)
| | - Felix Oppel
- Translational Functional Cancer Genomics, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (K.R.E.); (J.G.); (F.O.); (S.F.); (N.K.); (T.K.); (S.M.D.); (F.H.); (T.D.D.); (E.R.S.); (H.S.); (K.M.G.); (S.W.); (A.O.); (E.-M.R.); (H.G.)
| | - Stephanie Frank
- Translational Functional Cancer Genomics, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (K.R.E.); (J.G.); (F.O.); (S.F.); (N.K.); (T.K.); (S.M.D.); (F.H.); (T.D.D.); (E.R.S.); (H.S.); (K.M.G.); (S.W.); (A.O.); (E.-M.R.); (H.G.)
| | - Na Kang
- Translational Functional Cancer Genomics, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (K.R.E.); (J.G.); (F.O.); (S.F.); (N.K.); (T.K.); (S.M.D.); (F.H.); (T.D.D.); (E.R.S.); (H.S.); (K.M.G.); (S.W.); (A.O.); (E.-M.R.); (H.G.)
| | - Tim Kindinger
- Translational Functional Cancer Genomics, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (K.R.E.); (J.G.); (F.O.); (S.F.); (N.K.); (T.K.); (S.M.D.); (F.H.); (T.D.D.); (E.R.S.); (H.S.); (K.M.G.); (S.W.); (A.O.); (E.-M.R.); (H.G.)
| | - Sebastian M. Dieter
- Translational Functional Cancer Genomics, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (K.R.E.); (J.G.); (F.O.); (S.F.); (N.K.); (T.K.); (S.M.D.); (F.H.); (T.D.D.); (E.R.S.); (H.S.); (K.M.G.); (S.W.); (A.O.); (E.-M.R.); (H.G.)
- German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK) Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Friederike Herbst
- Translational Functional Cancer Genomics, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (K.R.E.); (J.G.); (F.O.); (S.F.); (N.K.); (T.K.); (S.M.D.); (F.H.); (T.D.D.); (E.R.S.); (H.S.); (K.M.G.); (S.W.); (A.O.); (E.-M.R.); (H.G.)
| | - Lino Möhrmann
- Department of Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 01309 Dresden, Germany;
- Center for Personalized Oncology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden at TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Taronish D. Dubash
- Translational Functional Cancer Genomics, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (K.R.E.); (J.G.); (F.O.); (S.F.); (N.K.); (T.K.); (S.M.D.); (F.H.); (T.D.D.); (E.R.S.); (H.S.); (K.M.G.); (S.W.); (A.O.); (E.-M.R.); (H.G.)
| | - Erik R. Schulz
- Translational Functional Cancer Genomics, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (K.R.E.); (J.G.); (F.O.); (S.F.); (N.K.); (T.K.); (S.M.D.); (F.H.); (T.D.D.); (E.R.S.); (H.S.); (K.M.G.); (S.W.); (A.O.); (E.-M.R.); (H.G.)
| | - Hendrik Strakerjahn
- Translational Functional Cancer Genomics, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (K.R.E.); (J.G.); (F.O.); (S.F.); (N.K.); (T.K.); (S.M.D.); (F.H.); (T.D.D.); (E.R.S.); (H.S.); (K.M.G.); (S.W.); (A.O.); (E.-M.R.); (H.G.)
| | - Klara M. Giessler
- Translational Functional Cancer Genomics, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (K.R.E.); (J.G.); (F.O.); (S.F.); (N.K.); (T.K.); (S.M.D.); (F.H.); (T.D.D.); (E.R.S.); (H.S.); (K.M.G.); (S.W.); (A.O.); (E.-M.R.); (H.G.)
| | - Sarah Weber
- Translational Functional Cancer Genomics, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (K.R.E.); (J.G.); (F.O.); (S.F.); (N.K.); (T.K.); (S.M.D.); (F.H.); (T.D.D.); (E.R.S.); (H.S.); (K.M.G.); (S.W.); (A.O.); (E.-M.R.); (H.G.)
| | - Ava Oberlack
- Translational Functional Cancer Genomics, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (K.R.E.); (J.G.); (F.O.); (S.F.); (N.K.); (T.K.); (S.M.D.); (F.H.); (T.D.D.); (E.R.S.); (H.S.); (K.M.G.); (S.W.); (A.O.); (E.-M.R.); (H.G.)
| | - Eva-Maria Rief
- Translational Functional Cancer Genomics, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (K.R.E.); (J.G.); (F.O.); (S.F.); (N.K.); (T.K.); (S.M.D.); (F.H.); (T.D.D.); (E.R.S.); (H.S.); (K.M.G.); (S.W.); (A.O.); (E.-M.R.); (H.G.)
| | - Oliver Strobel
- Department of General Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Frank Bergmann
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (F.B.); (F.L.)
| | - Felix Lasitschka
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (F.B.); (F.L.)
| | - Jürgen Weitz
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden at TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Hanno Glimm
- Translational Functional Cancer Genomics, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (K.R.E.); (J.G.); (F.O.); (S.F.); (N.K.); (T.K.); (S.M.D.); (F.H.); (T.D.D.); (E.R.S.); (H.S.); (K.M.G.); (S.W.); (A.O.); (E.-M.R.); (H.G.)
- Department of Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 01309 Dresden, Germany;
- Center for Personalized Oncology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden at TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK) Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Claudia R. Ball
- Department of Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 01309 Dresden, Germany;
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lee J, Kang TH, Yoo W, Choi H, Jo S, Kong K, Lee SR, Kim SU, Kim JS, Cho D, Kim J, Kim JY, Kwon ES, Kim S. An Antibody Designed to Improve Adoptive NK-Cell Therapy Inhibits Pancreatic Cancer Progression in a Murine Model. Cancer Immunol Res 2018; 7:219-229. [PMID: 30514792 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-18-0317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are primary immune cells that target cancer cells and can be used as a therapeutic agent against pancreatic cancer. Despite the usefulness of NK cells, NK-cell therapy is limited by tumor cell inhibition of NK-cell homing to tumor sites, thereby preventing a sustained antitumor immune response. One approach to successful cancer immunotherapy is to increase trafficking of NK cells to tumor tissues. Here, we developed an antibody-based NK-cell-homing protein, named NK-cell-recruiting protein-conjugated antibody (NRP-body). The effect of NRP-body on infiltration of NK cells into primary and metastatic pancreatic cancer was evaluated in vitro and in murine pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma models. The NRP-body increased NK-cell infiltration of tumors along a CXCL16 gradient (CXCL16 is cleaved from the NRP-body by furin expressed on the surface of pancreatic cancer cells). CXCL16 induced NK-cell infiltration by activating RhoA via the ERK signaling cascade. Administration of the NRP-body to pancreatic cancer model mice increased tumor tissue infiltration of transferred NK cells and reduced the tumor burden compared with that in controls. Overall survival of NRP-body-treated mice (even the metastasis models) was higher than that of mice receiving NK cells alone. In conclusion, increasing NK-cell infiltration into tumor tissues improved response to this cancer immunotherapy. The combination of an NRP-body with NK-cell therapy might be useful for treating pancreatic cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaemin Lee
- Aging Research Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, South Korea
| | - Tae Heung Kang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Wonbeak Yoo
- Aging Research Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hyunji Choi
- Aging Research Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Seongyea Jo
- Aging Research Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Kyungsu Kong
- Aging Research Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, South Korea
| | - Sang-Rae Lee
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, South Korea
| | - Sun-Uk Kim
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, South Korea
| | - Ji-Su Kim
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, South Korea
| | - Duck Cho
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Janghwan Kim
- Stem Cell Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Yoon Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, South Korea
| | - Eun-Soo Kwon
- Aging Research Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea.
| | - Seokho Kim
- Aging Research Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|