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Eldash S, Sanad EF, Nada D, Hamdy NM. The Intergenic Type LncRNA (LINC RNA) Faces in Cancer with In Silico Scope and a Directed Lens to LINC00511: A Step toward ncRNA Precision. Noncoding RNA 2023; 9:58. [PMID: 37888204 PMCID: PMC10610215 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna9050058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long intergenic non-coding RNA, is one type of lncRNA, exerting various cellular activities, as does ncRNA, including the regulation of gene expression and chromatin remodeling. The abnormal expression of lincRNAs can induce or suppress carcinogenesis. MAIN BODY LincRNAs can regulate cancer progression through different mechanisms and are considered as potential drug targets. Genetic variations such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in lincRNAs may affect gene expression and messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) stability. SNPs in lincRNAs have been found to be associated with different types of cancer, as well. Specifically, LINC00511 has been known to promote the progression of multiple malignancies such as breast cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and others, making it a promising cancer prognostic molecular marker. CONCLUSION LincRNAs have been proved to be associated with different cancer types through various pathways. Herein, we performed a comprehensive literature and in silico databases search listing lncRNAs, lincRNAs including LINC00511, lncRNAs' SNPs, as well as LINC00511 SNPs in different cancer types, focusing on their role in various cancer types and mechanism(s) of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shorouk Eldash
- Pharmacology and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), El Sherouk, Cairo 11837, Egypt; (S.E.)
| | - Eman F. Sanad
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Dina Nada
- Pharmacology and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), El Sherouk, Cairo 11837, Egypt; (S.E.)
| | - Nadia M. Hamdy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
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2
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Zhang R, Zeng Y, Deng JL. Long non-coding RNA H19: a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in human malignant tumors. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:1425-1440. [PMID: 36484927 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-022-00947-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs play important roles in cellular functions and disease development. H19, as a long non-coding RNA, is pervasively over-expressed in almost all kinds of human malignant tumors. Although many studies have reported that H19 is closely associated with tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis, and chemoresistance, the role and mechanism of H19 in gene regulation and tumor development are largely unclear. In this review, we summarized the recent progress in the study of the major functions and mechanisms of H19 lncRNA in cancer development and progression. H19 possesses both oncogenic and tumor-suppressing activities, presumably through regulating target gene transcription, mRNA stability and splicing, and competitive inhibition of endogenous RNA degradation. Studies indicate that H19 may involve in cell proliferation and apoptosis, tumor initiation, migration, invasion, metastasis and chemoresistance and may serve as a potential biomarker for early diagnosis, prognosis, and novel molecular target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, 230041, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Li Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People's Republic of China.
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Yuan Y, Wang Y, Niu X, Han Y, Li W, Cheng M, Li Z, Tan J, Zhao Y, Wang W. Association of lncRNA H19 polymorphisms with cancer susceptibility: An updated meta-analysis based on 53 studies. Front Genet 2022; 13:1051766. [PMID: 36588790 PMCID: PMC9794744 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1051766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between polymorphisms in lncRNA H19 and cancer susceptibility remains to be inconsistent. This study aimed to provide a more precise estimation of the relationship between lncRNA H19 polymorphisms and the risk of cancer based on all available published studies. 53 studies encompassing 32,376 cases and 43,659 controls were included in our meta-analysis by searching the Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, WanFang, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases. Pooled ORs and their 95% CIs were used to estimate the strength between the SNPs in H19 (rs217727, rs2839698, rs2107425, rs3024270, rs2735971, rs3741216, and rs3741219) and cancer susceptibility. The results showed that H19 rs2839698 polymorphism was associated with increased cancer risk in all participants under three genetic models. However, no significant association was identified between the other six SNPs as well as an overall cancer risk. Stratification by ethnicity showed that rs2839698 mutation indicated to be an important hazardous factor for the Asian population. While rs2107425 mutation had a protective effect on the Caucasian population. Stratification by cancer type identified that rs217727 mutation was linked to increased susceptibility to oral squamous cell carcinoma, lung cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma; whereas rs2839698 mutation was associated with an elevated risk of hematological tumor and digestive system tumor (p < 0.05). Besides, the rs2735971 mutation was connected with the digestive system tumor. In summary, the rs217727, rs2839698, rs2107425 and rs2735971 polymorphisms in H19 have associations with cancer susceptibility.
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Integrated whole transcriptome and small RNA analysis revealed multiple regulatory networks in colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14456. [PMID: 34262080 PMCID: PMC8280114 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93531-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a global disease burden and a leading cause of cancer related deaths worldwide. The identification of aberrantly expressed messenger RNA (mRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), and microRNA (miRNA), and the resulting molecular interactions and signaling networks is essential for better understanding of CRC, identification of novel diagnostic biomarkers and potential development of therapeutic interventions. Herein, we performed microRNA (miRNA) sequencing on fifteen CRC and their non-tumor adjacent tissues and whole transcriptome RNA-Seq on six paired samples from the same cohort and identified alterations in miRNA, mRNA, and lncRNA expression. Computational analyses using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) identified multiple activated signaling networks in CRC, including ERBB2, RABL6, FOXM1, and NFKB networks, while functional annotation highlighted activation of cell proliferation and migration as the hallmark of CRC. IPA in combination with in silico prediction algorithms and experimentally validated databases gave insight into the complex associations and interactions between downregulated miRNAs and upregulated mRNAs in CRC and vice versa. Additionally, potential interaction between differentially expressed lncRNAs such as H19, SNHG5, and GATA2-AS1 with multiple miRNAs has been revealed. Taken together, our data provides thorough analysis of dysregulated protein-coding and non-coding RNAs in CRC highlighting numerous associations and regulatory networks thus providing better understanding of CRC.
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Hussen BM, Gharebaghi A, Eghtedarian R, Taheri M. LncRNA signature in colorectal cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 222:153432. [PMID: 33857856 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the most frequent cancers and is associated with high mortality particularly when being diagnosed in advanced stages. Although several environmental and intrinsic risk factors have been identified, the underlying cause of CRC is not clear in the majority of cases. Several studies especially in the recent decade have pointed to the role of epigenetic factors in this kind of cancer. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as important contributors in the epigenetic mechanisms are involved in the initiation, progression and metastasis of CRC. Tens of oncogenic lncRNAs and a lower number of tumor suppressor lncRNAs have been recently identified to be dysregulated in CRC cells and tissues. Notably, expressions of a number of these transcripts have been dysregulated in serum samples of CRC patients, providing a non-invasive route for detection of this kind of cancer. The involvement of lncRNAs in the regulation of autophagy has provided them the ability to modulate response of CRC cells to chemotherapeutic modalities. In the current manuscript, we review the studies which evaluated the role of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis and progression of CRC to appraise their application as diagnostic/ prognostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Alireza Gharebaghi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Reyhane Eghtedarian
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Xiao X, Jiang G, Zhang S, Hu S, Fan Y, Li G, Yu H, He S. LncRNA SNHG16 contributes to osteosarcoma progression by acting as a ceRNA of miR-1285-3p. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:355. [PMID: 33823834 PMCID: PMC8022398 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-07933-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The long non-coding (lnc) RNA activated by small nucleolar RNA host gene 16 (SNHG16), which has been reported to play a vital role in a number of different types of cancer, is a novel lncRNA. However, following an osteosarcoma (OS) study, the expression pattern, biological roles, clinical values and potential molecular mechanism of SNHG16 remain unclear. In the current study, we aimed to examine its expression and possible function in osteosarcoma (OS). Method Cell proliferation was measured by colony formation assay and Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) in vitro, and xenograft transplantation assay in vivo. Meanwhile, we used transwell chambers to test cell migration and invasion was evaluated. Cell cycle and apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry assay. Immunoblotting and qPCR analysis was carried out to detect protein and gene expression, respectively. Luciferase reporter assay was used to predict the potential downstream genes. Results The present study demonstrated that SNHG16 is highly expressed in both the tissues of patients with OS, as well as OS cell lines, and its expression level was positively correlated with clinical stage and poor overall survival. Functional assays revealed that the depletion of SNHG16 inhibits OS growth, OS cell progression and promotes apoptosis both in vivo and in vitro. In addition, the present study revealed that microRNA-1285-3p expression levels can be decreased by SNHG16 acting as a ‘sponge’, and that this pathway takes part in OS tumor growth in vivo, and OS cell proliferation, invasion, migration and apoptosis in vitro. Conclusions The results from the present study demonstrate the role of lncRNA SNHG16 in OS progression, which is SNHG16 might exert oncogenic role in osteosarcoma (OS) by acting as a ceRNA of miR-1285-3p, and it may become a novel target in OS therapy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-07933-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Xiao
- Department of Orthopedic, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China.,Spinal Pain Research Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Ge Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Shengtao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Shuo Hu
- Department of Orthopedic, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China.,Spinal Pain Research Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Yunshan Fan
- Department of Orthopedic, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China.,Spinal Pain Research Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Orthopedic, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China.,Spinal Pain Research Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Department of Orthopedic, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China.,Spinal Pain Research Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Shisheng He
- Department of Orthopedic, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China. .,Spinal Pain Research Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China.
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Farzaneh F, Salimi S, Razavi M, Rezaei M, Saravani M. Association of H19 rs3741219 polymorphism with the susceptibility to uterine leiomyomas. GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ren MM, Xu S, Wei YB, Yang JJ, Yang YN, Sun SS, Li YJ, Wang PY, Xie SY. Roles of HOTAIR in lung cancer susceptibility and prognosis. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1299. [PMID: 32394637 PMCID: PMC7336741 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long noncoding (lncRNA) single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with the susceptibility to the development of various malignant tumors. The aim of this study was to investigate the roles of HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) and its SNPs in lung cancer. Methods Initially, the expression of HOTAIR in different tumors was investigated using the online Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) resource. Three SNPs (rs920778, rs1899663, and rs4759314) of HOTAIR were identified using the MassArray system. Following this, the relationship between these SNPs and susceptibility to lung cancer was investigated. Results Expression of HOTAIR was found to increase in a variety of cancers, including nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We found that the genotypes of these SNPs (rs920778, rs1899663, and rs4759314) were not significantly associated with lung cancer type, family history, lymph node metastasis, or lung cancer stage. In gender stratification, the results of rs920778 genotypes showed that, compared to genotype AA, the AG (OR = 0.344, 95% CI: 0.133–0.893, p = .028) and AG + GG (OR = 0.378, 95% CI: 0.153–0.932, p = .035) genotypes of rs920778 are protective factors against NSCLC in females. In smoking stratification, compared with AA of rs920778, the genotype AG + GG (OR = 0.507, 95% CI: 0.263–0.975, p = .042) was a protective factor against NSCLC in nonsmoking people. No statistical differences were observed in the classifications of rs1899663 and rs4759314 genotypes. Linkage disequilibrium analysis revealed a high linkage disequilibrium between the rs920778 and rs1899663 (D′ = 0.99, r2 = .74), rs920778 and rs4759314 (D′ = 0.85, r2 = .13), and rs1899663 and rs4759314 (D′ = 0.79, r2 = .00). Conclusion Our study demonstrated that HOTAIR expression increased in NSCLC, and that the genotypes of rs920778 could be useful in the diagnosis and prognosis of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Meng Ren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology in Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, P.R. China.,Department of Epidemiology, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, P.R. China
| | - Sen Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology in Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Bo Wei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology in Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, P.R. China
| | - Juan-Juan Yang
- Dongying People's Hospital, Binzhou Medical College Affiliated Teaching Hospital, Dongying, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Nan Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology in Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, P.R. China
| | - Shan-Shan Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, P.R. China
| | - You-Jie Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology in Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, P.R. China
| | - Ping-Yu Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology in Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, P.R. China.,Department of Epidemiology, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Yang Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology in Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, P.R. China
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Yu B, Chen J, Hou C, Zhang L, Jia J. LncRNA H19 gene rs2839698 polymorphism is associated with a decreased risk of colorectal cancer in a Chinese Han population: A case-control study. J Clin Lab Anal 2020; 34:e23311. [PMID: 32207861 PMCID: PMC7439357 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) H19 is involved in the carcinogenesis, progression, and metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Recently, a few studies explored the relationship between lncRNA H19 gene rs2839698 polymorphism and CRC risk, but with conflicting findings. Materials and methods A case‐control study with 315 CRC cases and 441 controls was designed in a Chinese population. Genotyping was performed using PCR‐RFLP. Results It was found rs2839698 polymorphism was associated with a decreased risk of CRC (AA vs GG: OR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.54‐0.98; P = .037; A vs G: OR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.63‐0.96; P = .021). Stratified analyses indicated this positive association was also significant in the non‐smokers (AA vs GG: OR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.25‐0.93; P = .029), non‐drinkers, those aged ≥ 60 years, and overweight individuals (BMI ≥ 24). In addition, rs2839698 polymorphism was also related to the lymph node metastasis (AA vs GG: OR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.21‐0.88; P = .019) and tumor size (AA vs GG: OR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.20‐0.88; P = .020) for patients with CRC. Conclusion To sum up, the lncRNA H19 gene rs2839698 polymorphism decreases the risk of CRC in Chinese individuals, especially among the non‐smokers, non‐drinkers, individuals aged ≥ 60 years, and overweight individuals (BMI ≥ 24). Thus, the lncRNA H19 gene rs2839698 polymorphism might be an important biomarker and diagnostic marker for predicting the susceptibility to CRC in Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqu Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiayuan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chenfeng Hou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department anorectal surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Jia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wenzhou, China
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Associations of lncRNA H19 Polymorphisms at MicroRNA Binding Sites with Glioma Susceptibility and Prognosis. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 20:86-96. [PMID: 32155588 PMCID: PMC7062941 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Glioma is the most common tumor of the central nervous system; variation in susceptibility and prognosis worldwide suggests that there are molecular and genetic differences among individuals. The H19 gene plays a dual role in carcinogenesis. In this study, associations between H19 polymorphisms and susceptibility as well as prognosis in glioma were evaluated. In total, 605 patients with glioma and 1,300 cancer-free subjects were enrolled in the study. Individuals with the rs3741219 A>G allele were less likely to develop glioma (relative risk [RR] = 0.54, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 0.45–0.63, p < 0.001), whereas rs217727 G>A and rs2839698 G>A genotypes were not associated with glioma risk. The associations between H19 polymorphisms and prognosis were assessed, including overall survival and progression-free survival. Three focused H19 polymorphisms did not show a significant effect on survival. Further analysis based on false-positive report probability validated these significant results. In the haplotype analysis, individuals with the Grs217727Ars2839698Grs3741219 haplotype were less likely to develop glioma (odds ratio [OR] = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.23–0.46, p = 0.02). Overall, carriers of the rs3741219 AG or GG genotype of H19 have a decreased susceptibility to glioma, but polymorphisms in this gene are not related to prognosis.
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Rahmani Z, Mojarrad M, Moghbeli M. Long non-coding RNAs as the critical factors during tumor progressions among Iranian population: an overview. Cell Biosci 2020; 10:6. [PMID: 31956395 PMCID: PMC6961246 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-020-0373-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is associated with various genetic and environmental risk factors. Beside the mutations or aberrant expression of protein-coding genes, the genetic deregulation of non-coding RNAs has also an important role during tumor progression and metastasis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of ncRNAs larger than 200 nucleotides that may function as tumor-suppressor or oncogene. MAIN BODY There is a raising trend of cancer incidence among Iranian population during the last decades. Therefore, it is required to prepare a general population specific panel of genetic markers for the early detection of cancer in this population. The tissue-specific expression characteristics and high stability in body fluids highlight the lncRNAs as efficient diagnostic and prognostic noninvasive biomarkers in cancer. In present review we summarized all of the lncRNAs which have been reported until now in different tumors among Iranian patients. CONCLUSIONS This review paves the way of introducing a population based noninvasive diagnostic panel of lncRNAs for the early detection of tumor cells among Iranian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Rahmani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Majid Mojarrad
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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