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Wu Y, Luo Y, Yao X, Shi X, Xu Z, Re J, Shi M, Li M, Liu J, He Y, Du X. KIAA1429 increases FOXM1 expression through YTHDF1-mediated m6A modification to promote aerobic glycolysis and tumorigenesis in multiple myeloma. Cell Biol Toxicol 2024; 40:58. [PMID: 39060874 PMCID: PMC11282141 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-024-09904-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Multiple myeloma (MM) is a deadly plasma cell malignancy with elusive pathogenesis. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is critically engaged in hematological malignancies. The function of KIAA1429, the largest component of methyltransferases, is unknown. This study delved into the mechanism of KIAA1429 in MM, hoping to offer novel targets for MM therapy. METHODS Bone marrow samples were attained from 55 MM patients and 15 controls. KIAA1429, YTHDF1, and FOXM1 mRNA levels were detected and their correlation was analyzed. Cell viability, proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis were testified. Glycolysis-enhancing genes (HK2, ENO1, and LDHA), lactate production, and glucose uptake were evaluated. The interaction between FOXM1 mRNA and YTHDF1, m6A-modified FOXM1 level, and FOXM1 stability were assayed. A transplantation tumor model was built to confirm the mechanism of KIAA1429. RESULTS KIAA1429 was at high levels in MM patients and MM cells and linked to poor prognoses. KIAA1429 knockdown restrained MM cell viability, and proliferation, arrested G0/G1 phase, and increased apoptosis. KIAA1429 mRNA in plasma cells from MM patients was positively linked with to glycolysis-enhancing genes. The levels of glycolysis-enhancing genes, glucose uptake, and lactate production were repressed after KIAA1429 knockdown, along with reduced FOXM1 levels and stability. YTHDF1 recognized KIAA1429-methylated FOXM1 mRNA and raised FOXM1 stability. Knockdown of YTHDF1 curbed aerobic glycolysis and malignant behaviors in MM cells, which was nullified by FOXM1 overexpression. KIAA1429 knockdown also inhibited tumor growth in animal experiments. CONCLUSION KIAA1429 knockdown reduces FOXM1 expression through YTHDF1-mediated m6A modification, thus inhibiting MM aerobic glycolysis and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, No.8 Gongti South Rd, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hengyang Medical School, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, University of South China, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, China
| | - Xingchen Yao
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, No.8 Gongti South Rd, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Xiangjun Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, No.8 Gongti South Rd, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Ziyu Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, No.8 Gongti South Rd, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Jie Re
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, No.8 Gongti South Rd, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Ming Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, No.8 Gongti South Rd, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, No.8 Gongti South Rd, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Junpeng Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, No.8 Gongti South Rd, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Youzhi He
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hengyang Medical School, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, University of South China, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, China
| | - Xinru Du
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, No.8 Gongti South Rd, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China.
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Liao Q, Xiong J. YTHDF1 regulates immune cell infiltration in gastric cancer via interaction with p53. Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:255. [PMID: 38682111 PMCID: PMC11046265 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The N6-methyladenosine reader YTH N6-methyladenosine RNA binding protein 1 (YTHDF1) has been assessed in several tumor types and holds significance in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Furthermore, p53, an important tumor suppressor, is closely associated with the TME. The present study evaluated the roles of YTHDF1 and p53 in regulating the TME in gastric cancer (GC). Genetic alterations in the YTH domain family were analyzed using the cBioPortal database. Expression of YTHDF1 in GC cells and tissues was assessed using the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER), Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), University of Alabama at Birmingham Cancer data analysis portal and Tumor-Immune System Interactions and Drug Bank (TISIDB) databases, along with reverse-transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting in GC. The prognostic value of multiple tumors was determined using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Correlation analyses were performed using the TIMER, TISIDB and GEPIA databases. Protein-protein interactions of YTHDF1 were predicted using GeneMANIA and HitPredict, and confirmed using co-immunoprecipitation. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses of the YTHDF1 functional network in GC were performed using LinkedOmics. Genetic alterations revealed that, among the YTH domain family members, YTHDF1 had the highest alteration in GC and was associated with a shorter survival. Additionally, YTHDF1 was significantly negatively associated with the level of CD8+ T cells, B cells, macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs) and neutrophils in GC. Furthermore, tumor associate macrophage-related and DC markers were significantly negatively correlated with YTHDF1 expression, whilst regulatory T cells and T cell exhaustion markers were significantly negatively associated with YTHDF1 expression. In addition, compared with that in p53-nonmutant GC cells, YTHDF1 expression was significantly higher in p53-mutated GC cells, indicating a potential association between YTHDF1 and p53. Analyses using the GeneMANIA and HitPredict databases, and co-immunoprecipitation, demonstrated that YTHDF1 interacted with p53. In conclusion, the findings of the present study indicate that YTHDF1 is associated with a poor prognosis and serves an important role in the TME of GC. We hypothesize, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, that YTHDF1 regulates immune cell infiltration by interacting with p53 in GC, which provides a promising direction for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Liao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Individualized Cancer Therapy, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Jianping Xiong
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Individualized Cancer Therapy, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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Feichtenschlager V, Chen L, Zheng YJ, Ho W, Sanlorenzo M, Vujic I, Fewings E, Lee A, Chen C, Callanan C, Lin K, Qu T, Hohlova D, Vujic M, Hwang Y, Lai K, Chen S, Nguyen T, Muñoz DP, Kohwi Y, Posch C, Daud A, Rappersberger K, Kohwi-Shigematsu T, Coppé JP, Ortiz-Urda S. The therapeutically actionable long non-coding RNA 'T-RECS' is essential to cancer cells' survival in NRAS/MAPK-driven melanoma. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:40. [PMID: 38383439 PMCID: PMC10882889 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-01955-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Finding effective therapeutic targets to treat NRAS-mutated melanoma remains a challenge. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) recently emerged as essential regulators of tumorigenesis. Using a discovery approach combining experimental models and unbiased computational analysis complemented by validation in patient biospecimens, we identified a nuclear-enriched lncRNA (AC004540.4) that is upregulated in NRAS/MAPK-dependent melanoma, and that we named T-RECS. Considering potential innovative treatment strategies, we designed antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) to target T-RECS. T-RECS ASOs reduced the growth of melanoma cells and induced apoptotic cell death, while having minimal impact on normal primary melanocytes. Mechanistically, treatment with T-RECS ASOs downregulated the activity of pro-survival kinases and reduced the protein stability of hnRNPA2/B1, a pro-oncogenic regulator of MAPK signaling. Using patient- and cell line- derived tumor xenograft mouse models, we demonstrated that systemic treatment with T-RECS ASOs significantly suppressed the growth of melanoma tumors, with no noticeable toxicity. ASO-mediated T-RECS inhibition represents a promising RNA-targeting approach to improve the outcome of MAPK pathway-activated melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Feichtenschlager
- Department of Dermatology, Mt Zion Cancer Research Center, University of California San Francisco, 2340 Sutter Street, Room N461, San Francisco, CA, 94115, USA.
- Department of Dermatology, Academic Teaching Hospital, Clinic Landstrasse Vienna, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Linan Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Mt Zion Cancer Research Center, University of California San Francisco, 2340 Sutter Street, Room N461, San Francisco, CA, 94115, USA
| | - Yixuan James Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Mt Zion Cancer Research Center, University of California San Francisco, 2340 Sutter Street, Room N461, San Francisco, CA, 94115, USA
- School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Wilson Ho
- Department of Dermatology, Mt Zion Cancer Research Center, University of California San Francisco, 2340 Sutter Street, Room N461, San Francisco, CA, 94115, USA
| | - Martina Sanlorenzo
- Department of Dermatology, Mt Zion Cancer Research Center, University of California San Francisco, 2340 Sutter Street, Room N461, San Francisco, CA, 94115, USA
| | - Igor Vujic
- Department of Dermatology, Mt Zion Cancer Research Center, University of California San Francisco, 2340 Sutter Street, Room N461, San Francisco, CA, 94115, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Academic Teaching Hospital, Clinic Landstrasse Vienna, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Faculty of Medicine, Sigmund Freud Private University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eleanor Fewings
- Department of Dermatology, Mt Zion Cancer Research Center, University of California San Francisco, 2340 Sutter Street, Room N461, San Francisco, CA, 94115, USA
| | - Albert Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Mt Zion Cancer Research Center, University of California San Francisco, 2340 Sutter Street, Room N461, San Francisco, CA, 94115, USA
| | - Christopher Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Mt Zion Cancer Research Center, University of California San Francisco, 2340 Sutter Street, Room N461, San Francisco, CA, 94115, USA
| | - Ciara Callanan
- Department of Dermatology, Mt Zion Cancer Research Center, University of California San Francisco, 2340 Sutter Street, Room N461, San Francisco, CA, 94115, USA
| | - Kevin Lin
- Department of Dermatology, Mt Zion Cancer Research Center, University of California San Francisco, 2340 Sutter Street, Room N461, San Francisco, CA, 94115, USA
| | - Tiange Qu
- Department of Orofacial Science, Health Science West, University of California San Francisco School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Dasha Hohlova
- Department of Dermatology, Mt Zion Cancer Research Center, University of California San Francisco, 2340 Sutter Street, Room N461, San Francisco, CA, 94115, USA
- Department of Biology, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Marin Vujic
- Department of Dermatology, Mt Zion Cancer Research Center, University of California San Francisco, 2340 Sutter Street, Room N461, San Francisco, CA, 94115, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Academic Teaching Hospital, Clinic Landstrasse Vienna, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Yeonjoo Hwang
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kevin Lai
- Department of Dermatology, Mt Zion Cancer Research Center, University of California San Francisco, 2340 Sutter Street, Room N461, San Francisco, CA, 94115, USA
| | - Stephanie Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Mt Zion Cancer Research Center, University of California San Francisco, 2340 Sutter Street, Room N461, San Francisco, CA, 94115, USA
| | - Thuan Nguyen
- Department of Dermatology, Mt Zion Cancer Research Center, University of California San Francisco, 2340 Sutter Street, Room N461, San Francisco, CA, 94115, USA
| | - Denise P Muñoz
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yoshinori Kohwi
- Department of Orofacial Science, Health Science West, University of California San Francisco School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Christian Posch
- Department of Dermatology, Mt Zion Cancer Research Center, University of California San Francisco, 2340 Sutter Street, Room N461, San Francisco, CA, 94115, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Academic Teaching Hospital, Clinic Landstrasse Vienna, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Faculty of Medicine, Sigmund Freud Private University, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, School of Medicine, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Adil Daud
- Department of Dermatology, Mt Zion Cancer Research Center, University of California San Francisco, 2340 Sutter Street, Room N461, San Francisco, CA, 94115, USA
| | - Klemens Rappersberger
- Department of Dermatology, Academic Teaching Hospital, Clinic Landstrasse Vienna, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Terumi Kohwi-Shigematsu
- Department of Orofacial Science, Health Science West, University of California San Francisco School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jean-Philippe Coppé
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Susana Ortiz-Urda
- Department of Dermatology, Mt Zion Cancer Research Center, University of California San Francisco, 2340 Sutter Street, Room N461, San Francisco, CA, 94115, USA
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Lin W, Tan ZY, Fang XC. Identification of m6A-related lncRNAs-based signature for predicting the prognosis of patients with skin cutaneous melanoma. SLAS Technol 2024; 29:100101. [PMID: 37541541 DOI: 10.1016/j.slast.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) is one of the fastest developing malignancies with strong aggressive ability and no proper curative treatments. Numerous studies illustrated the importance of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification to tumorigenesis. The aim of this study was to identify novel prognostic signature by using m6A-related lncRNAs, thus to improve the survival for SKCM patients and guide SKCM therapy. METHODS We downloaded the Presentational Matrix data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and analyzed all the expressed lncRNAs among 468 SKCM samples. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to assess the correlations between lncRNAs and 29 m6A-related genes. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis were performed to construct m6A-related lncRNAs prognostic signature (m6A-LPS). The accuracy and prognostic value of this signature were validated by using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, Kaplan-Meier (K-M) survival analysis, univariate COX or multivariate COX analyses. After calculating risk scores, patients were divided into low- and high-risk subgroups by the median value of risk scores. RESULTS A total of 2973 lncRNAs were found expressed among SKCM tissues. Prognostic analysis showed that 98 lncRNAs had a significant effect on the survival of SKCM patients. The m6A-LPS was validated using K-M and ROC analysis and the predictive accuracy of the risk score was also high according to the AUC of the ROC curve in training and testing sets. A nomogram based on tumor stage, gender and risk score that had a strong ability to forecast the 1-, 2-, 3-, 5-year OS of SKCM patients confirmed by calibrations. Enrichment analysis indicated that malignancy-associated biological processes and pathways were more common in the high-risk subgroup. CONCLUSION Collectively, m6A-related lncRNAs exert as potential biomarkers for prognostic stratification of SKCM patients and may assist clinicians achieving individualized treatment for SKCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Lin
- Department of Burn and Plastic Sugery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1, Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhou-Yong Tan
- Department of Hand and Microsurgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, 1017 Dongmen North Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province 518020, China
| | - Xi-Chi Fang
- Department of Hand and Microsurgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, 1017 Dongmen North Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province 518020, China.
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5
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Feichtenschlager V, Chen L, Zheng YJ, Ho W, Sanlorenzo M, Vujic I, Fewings E, Lee A, Chen C, Callanan C, Lin K, Qu T, Hohlova D, Vujic M, Hwang Y, Lai K, Chen S, Nguyen T, Muñoz DP, Kohwi Y, Posch C, Daud A, Rappersberger K, Kohwi-Shigematsu T, Coppé JP, Ortiz-Urda S. The therapeutically actionable long non-coding RNA ' T-RECS' is essential to cancer cells' survival in NRAS/MAPK-driven melanoma. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-1297358. [PMID: 38077055 PMCID: PMC10705697 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1297358/v3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Finding effective therapeutic targets to treat NRAS-mutated melanoma remains a challenge. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) recently emerged as essential regulators of tumorigenesis. Using a discovery approach combining experimental models and unbiased computational analysis complemented by validation in patient biospecimens, we identified a nuclear-enriched lncRNA (AC004540.4) that is upregulated in NRAS/MAPK-dependent melanoma, and that we named T-RECS. Considering potential innovative treatment strategies, we designed antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) to target T-RECS. T-RECS ASOs reduced the growth of melanoma cells and induced apoptotic cell death, while having minimal impacton normal primary melanocytes. Mechanistically, treatment with T-RECS ASOs downregulated the activity of pro-survival kinases and reduced the protein stability of hnRNPA2/B1, a pro-oncogenic regulator of MAPK signaling. Using patient- and cell line- derived tumor xenograft mouse models, we demonstrated that systemic treatment with T-RECS ASOs significantly suppressed the growth of melanoma tumors, with no noticeable toxicity. ASO-mediated T-RECS inhibition represents a promising RNA-targeting approach to improve the outcome of MAPK pathway-activated melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Wilson Ho
- University of California San Francisco
| | | | - Igor Vujic
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Medical Institution Rudolfstiftung, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | - Kevin Lin
- University of California San Francisco
| | - Tiange Qu
- University of California San Francisco
| | | | | | | | - Kevin Lai
- University of California San Francisco
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Adil Daud
- University of California at San Francisco
| | - Klemens Rappersberger
- Department of Dermatology, Clinic Landstrasse Vienna, Academic Teaching Hospital, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Huang C, Zhang K, Guo Y, Shen C, Liu X, Huang H, Dou X, Yu B. The crucial roles of m 6A RNA modifications in cutaneous cancers: Implications in pathogenesis, metastasis, drug resistance, and targeted therapies. Genes Dis 2023; 10:2320-2330. [PMID: 37554186 PMCID: PMC10404882 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant internal modification on RNA. It is a dynamical and reversible process, which is regulated by m6A methyltransferase and m6A demethylase. The m6A modified RNA can be specifically recognized by the m6A reader, leading to RNA splicing, maturation, degradation or translation. The abnormality of m6A RNA modification is closely related to a variety of biological processes, especially the occurrence and development of tumors. Recent studies have shown that m6A RNA modification is involved in the pathogenesis of skin cancers. However, the precise molecular mechanisms of m6A-mediated cutaneous tumorigenesis have not been fully elucidated. Therefore, this review will summarize the biological characteristics of m6A modification, its regulatory role and mechanism in skin cancers, and the recent research progress of m6A-related molecular drugs, aiming to provide new ideas for clinical diagnosis and targeted therapy of cutaneous cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Skin Research Institute of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China
| | - Kaoyuan Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Skin Research Institute of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China
| | - Yang Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Skin Research Institute of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China
| | - Changbing Shen
- Department of Dermatology, Skin Research Institute of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Skin Research Institute of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China
| | - Haiyan Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Skin Research Institute of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China
| | - Xia Dou
- Department of Dermatology, Skin Research Institute of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Skin Research Institute of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China
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7
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Yu Y, Liang C, Wang X, Shi Y, Shen L. The potential role of RNA modification in skin diseases, as well as the recent advances in its detection methods and therapeutic agents. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115524. [PMID: 37722194 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA modification is considered as an epigenetic modification that plays an indispensable role in biological processes such as gene expression and genome editing without altering nucleotide sequence, but the molecular mechanism of RNA modification has not been discussed systematically in the development of skin diseases. This article mainly presents the whole picture of theoretical achievements on the potential role of RNA modification in dermatology. Furthermore, this article summarizes the latest advances in clinical practice related with RNA modification, including its detection methods and drug development. Based on this comprehensive review, we aim to illustrate the current blind spots and future directions of RNA modification, which may provide new insights for researchers in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Psoriasis, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Liang
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Psoriasis, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuling Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Psoriasis, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Liangliang Shen
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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8
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Chen L, Gao Y, Xu S, Yuan J, Wang M, Li T, Gong J. N6-methyladenosine reader YTHDF family in biological processes: Structures, roles, and mechanisms. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1162607. [PMID: 36999016 PMCID: PMC10043241 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1162607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
As the most abundant and conserved internal modification in eukaryote RNAs, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is involved in a wide range of physiological and pathological processes. The YT521-B homology (YTH) domain-containing family proteins (YTHDFs), including YTHDF1, YTHDF2, and YTHDF3, are a class of cytoplasmic m6A-binding proteins defined by the vertebrate YTH domain, and exert extensive functions in regulating RNA destiny. Distinct expression patterns of the YTHDF family in specific cell types or developmental stages result in prominent differences in multiple biological processes, such as embryonic development, stem cell fate, fat metabolism, neuromodulation, cardiovascular effect, infection, immunity, and tumorigenesis. The YTHDF family mediates tumor proliferation, metastasis, metabolism, drug resistance, and immunity, and possesses the potential of predictive and therapeutic biomarkers. Here, we mainly summary the structures, roles, and mechanisms of the YTHDF family in physiological and pathological processes, especially in multiple cancers, as well as their current limitations and future considerations. This will provide novel angles for deciphering m6A regulation in a biological system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Simiao Xu
- Division of Endocrinology, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinxiong Yuan
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tianyu Li
- Trauma Center/Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Gong
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Jun Gong,
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9
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Tűzesi Á, Hallal S, Satgunaseelan L, Buckland ME, Alexander KL. Understanding the Epitranscriptome for Avant-Garde Brain Tumour Diagnostics. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041232. [PMID: 36831575 PMCID: PMC9954771 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA modifications are diverse, dynamic, and reversible transcript alterations rapidly gaining attention due to their newly defined RNA regulatory roles in cellular pathways and pathogenic mechanisms. The exciting emerging field of 'epitranscriptomics' is predominantly centred on studying the most abundant mRNA modification, N6-methyladenine (m6A). The m6A mark, similar to many other RNA modifications, is strictly regulated by so-called 'writer', 'reader', and 'eraser' protein species. The abundance of genes coding for the expression of these regulator proteins and m6A levels shows great potential as diagnostic and predictive tools across several cancer fields. This review explores our current understanding of RNA modifications in glioma biology and the potential of epitranscriptomics to develop new diagnostic and predictive classification tools that can stratify these highly complex and heterogeneous brain tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ágota Tűzesi
- Department of Neuropathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Susannah Hallal
- Department of Neuropathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chris O’Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Laveniya Satgunaseelan
- Department of Neuropathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Michael E. Buckland
- Department of Neuropathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Kimberley L. Alexander
- Department of Neuropathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chris O’Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
- Correspondence:
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10
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Ran Y, Yan Z, Jiang B, Liang P. N6-methyladenosine functions and its role in skin cancer. Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:4-12. [PMID: 36314059 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation is the most abundant mammalian mRNA modification. m6A regulates RNA processing, splicing, nucleation, translation and stability by transferring, removing and recognizing m6A methylation sites, which are critical for cancer initiation, progression, metabolism and metastasis. m6A is involved in pathophysiological tumour development by altering m6A modification and expression levels in tumour oncogenes and suppressor genes. Skin cancers are by far the most common malignancies in humans, with well over a million cases diagnosed each year. Skin cancers are grouped into two main categories: melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC), based on cell origin and clinical behaviour. In this review, we summarize m6A methylation functions in different skin cancers, and discuss how m6A methylation is involved in disease development and progression. Moreover, we review potential prognostic biomarkers and molecular targets for early skin cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqin Ran
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Zhuoxian Yan
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Bimei Jiang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China.,Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Liang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
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11
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Pan J, Huang T, Deng Z, Zou C. Roles and therapeutic implications of m6A modification in cancer immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1132601. [PMID: 36960074 PMCID: PMC10028070 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1132601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most abundant, dynamic, and reversible epigenetic RNA modification in eukaryotes, is regulated by a series of enzymes, including methyltransferases (writers), demethylases (erasers), and m6A recognition proteins (readers). Aberrant regulation of m6A modification is pivotal for tumorigenesis, progression, invasion, metastasis, and apoptosis of malignant tumors. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has revolutionized cancer treatment, as recognized by the 2018 Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology. However, not all cancer patients response to ICI therapy, which is thought to be the result of intricate immune escape mechanisms. Recently, numerous studies have suggested a novel role for m6A epigenetic modification in the regulation of tumor immune evasion. Herein, we review the relevant mechanisms of m6A regulators in regulating various key signaling pathways in cancer biology and how m6A epigenetic modifications regulate the expression of immune checkpoints, opening a new window to understand the roles and mechanisms of m6A epigenetic modifications in regulating tumor immune evasion. In addition, we highlight the prospects and development directions of future combined immunotherapy strategies based on m6A modification targeting, providing directions for promoting the treatment outcomes of immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pan
- National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Department of Clinical Medical Research Center, The 2nd Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People’s Hospital) of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tuxiong Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pharmacology and International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhenjun Deng
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People’s Hospital), Shenzhen, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chang Zou
- National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Department of Clinical Medical Research Center, The 2nd Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People’s Hospital) of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Public Service Platform On Tumor Precision Medicine and Molecular Diagnosis, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Chang Zou,
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12
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Liu C, Wang X, Yang S, Cao S. Research Progress of m 6A RNA Methylation in Skin Diseases. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 2023:3091204. [PMID: 37124930 PMCID: PMC10132905 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3091204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common mRNA modification in eukaryotes and is a dynamically reversible posttranscriptional modification. The enzymes involved in m6A modification mainly include methyltransferases (writers), demethylases (erasers), and methylated readers (Readers). m6A modification is mainly catalyzed by m6A methyltransferase and removed by m6A demethylase. The modified RNA can be specifically recognized and bound by m6A recognition protein. This protein complex then mediates RNA splicing, maturation, nucleation, degradation, and translation. m6A also alters gene expression and regulates cellular processes such as self-renewal, differentiation, invasion, and apoptosis. An increasing body of evidence indicates that the m6A methylation modification process is closely related to the occurrence of various skin diseases. In this review, we discuss the role of m6A methylation in skin development and skin diseases including psoriasis, melanoma, and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Shengju Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Shuanglin Cao
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
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13
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Critical role of m 6A modification in T-helper cell disorders. Mol Immunol 2022; 151:1-10. [PMID: 36058047 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2022.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Diseases with T-helper cell subset imbalance involve multiple systems and organs. In addition to this, the pathogenesis of these diseases is always complex, and involves Th1, Th2, Th9, Th17, Th22, and Tfh cells. T-helper cell subset imbalance mediates immune responses to various pathogenic factors, by secreting specific cytokines. Although several studies have revealed the specific mechanisms of the occurrence and development of these diseases from different aspects, there is still a need for more comprehensive and in-depth studies that can compensate for the corresponding gaps in the diagnosis, targeted therapy, and prognosis of these diseases. N6-methyladenosine(m6A) modification is the most prevalent and abundant post-transcriptional modification in eukaryotic RNAs. In recent years, the critical role of m6A modification has been confirmed in multiple diseases with T-helper cell subset imbalance. m6A modification affects the immune cell development, inflammatory processes, biological behaviour of tumours, and immune response in these diseases. In this review, we focussed on how the enzymes involved in m6A modification, directly or indirectly, influence the pathogenesis and phenotype of various diseases with T-helper cell subset imbalance, and could therefore, serve as potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for these diseases. In addition, this review also discusses the focus of future research in this area. Finally, we summarise the prospects of m6A modification in immunotherapy and chemotherapy.
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14
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Yan Z, Liang P. m6A modification of mRNA in skin diseases. ZHONG NAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 47:1154-1162. [PMID: 36097784 PMCID: PMC10950115 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2022.210332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the predominant post-transcriptional modification for eukaryotic mRNA. It's regulated by methyltransferases, demethylases, and m6A binding proteins, and plays an important role in regulating splicing, translation, and degradation of mRNA. Skin diseases, especially immune skin diseases and skin tumors, have a complicated pathogenesis and are refractory to treatment, seriously affecting the patient quality of life. Recent studies have revealed that m6A and its regulatory proteins can affect the development of numerous skin diseases. The m6A modification was found to be involved in skin accessory development, including hair follicle and sweat gland formation. The level of m6A modification was significantly altered in a variety of skin diseases including melanoma, cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, Merkel cell carcinoma, and psoriasis, and affected a variety of biological processes including cell proliferation and differentiation migration. The m6A and its regulatory proteins may become potential molecular markers or therapeutic targets for skin diseases, and have promising clinical applications in early diagnosis, efficacy determination, prognosis prediction, and gene therapy of skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoxian Yan
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Pengfei Liang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
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15
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Zhao P, Huang X, Wu A, Yang X, Fu Y, Quan Y, Zhang J, Li Z, Tang Q, Wang M. Bioinformatics Analysis of the Characteristics and Correlation of m6A Methylation in Breast Cancer Progression. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2022; 2022:4416439. [PMID: 35655723 PMCID: PMC9148239 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4416439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Growing cutting-edge study has demonstrated the RNA m6A methylation's critical role in regulating tumorigenesis and progression all over the world, while it is still a mystery whether RNA m6A methylation has a positive impact on breast cancer treatment. In this article, we utilize bioinformatics to analyze three data sets including TCGA-BRCA, GSE96058, and GSE25066 and discover that breast cancer samples could be divided into 4 subtypes, which are quiescent, m6A methylation, protein-binding, and mixed, clarified by the expression level of m6A-related genes. R-survival analysis results also prove that the survival rate of breast cancer samples of the four subtypes significantly varies and remarkable differences in the number of exons' skip among the four subtypes can be seen according to the analysis of breast cancer gene expression characteristics. The degree of TP53 mutation and copy number loss is most obvious in the protein-binding subtype when it comes to tumor driver genes. Among the DNA damage repair genes, there is a sharp increase in the copy number of RAD54B of the protein-binding subtype, but fewer mutations in other DNA damage repair-related genes and copy number deletion is everywhere. Results of m6A methylation influencing on the proportion of infiltrated immune cells also indicate significant differences of the four m6A subgroups in macrophages M0 and mast cells resting which are closely correlated to patient prognosis. In addition, findings of the highest tumor stemness index and the lowest in the m6A methylated type in breast cancer samples can prove the critical role of the high expression of m6A reader protein in the progression of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhao
- Department of Mammary Surgery I, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital,Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming 650118, China
| | - Xinwei Huang
- Key Laboratory of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China
| | - Anhao Wu
- Department of Mammary Surgery I, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital,Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming 650118, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Yang Fu
- Department of Radiology, The First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming 650100, China
| | - Yuhang Quan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital,Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming 650118, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Department of Mammary Surgery III, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital,Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming 650118, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Mammary Surgery III, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital,Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming 650118, China
| | - Qi Tang
- Department of Mammary Surgery II, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital,Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming 650118, China
| | - Maohua Wang
- Department of Mammary Surgery I, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital,Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming 650118, China
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16
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Chen H, Yu Y, Yang M, Huang H, Ma S, Hu J, Xi Z, Guo H, Yao G, Yang L, Huang X, Zhang F, Tan G, Wu H, Zheng W, Li L. YTHDF1 promotes breast cancer progression by facilitating FOXM1 translation in an m6A-dependent manner. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:19. [PMID: 35197112 PMCID: PMC8867832 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00759-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common post-transcriptional modification at the RNA level. However, the exact molecular mechanisms of m6A epigenetic regulation in breast cancer remain largely unknown and need to be fully elucidated. Methods The integrating bioinformatics analyses were used to screen clinical relevance and dysregulated m6A “reader” protein YTHDF1 in breast cancer from TCGA databases, which was further validated in a cohort of clinical specimens. Furthermore, functional experiments such as the CCK-8 assay, EdU assay, wound healing assay, transwell invasion assay and cell cycle assay were used to determine the biological role of YTHDF1 in breast cancer. RIP, m6A-IP, and CLIP assays were used to find the target of YTHDF1 and further verification by RT-qPCR, western blot, polysome profiling assay. The protein–protein interaction between YTHDF1 and FOXM1 was detected via co-immunoprecipitation. Results Our study showed that YTHDF1 was overexpressed in breast cancer cells and clinical tissues specimens. At the same time, the high expression level of YTHDF1 was positively correlated with tumor size, lymph node invasion, and distant metastasis in breast cancer patients. YTHDF1 depletion repressed the proliferation, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) and induced G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest of breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. We also demonstrated that FOXM1 is a target of YTHDF1. Through recognizing and binding to the m6A-modified mRNA of FOXM1, YTHDF1 accelerated the translation process of FOXM1 and promoted breast cancer metastasis. Whereas overexpression of FOXM1 in breast cancer cells partially counteracted the tumor suppressed effects caused by YTHDF1 silence, which further verified the regulatory relationship between YTHDF1 and FOXM1. Conclusion Our study reveals a novel YTHDF1/FOXM1 regulatory pathway that contributes to metastasis and progression of breast cancer, suggesting that YTHDF1 might be applied as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target. That also advances our understanding of the tumorigenesis for breast cancer from m6A epigenetic regulation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13578-022-00759-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengyu Chen
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education & Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicine, Haikou, 570311, China.,Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yuanhang Yu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Haohao Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shenghui Ma
- Medical College Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jin Hu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zihan Xi
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Hui Guo
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Guojie Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiaoqing Huang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Sergeant School Affiliated to Army Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050047, China
| | - Guanghong Tan
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education & Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicine, Haikou, 570311, China.
| | - Huangfu Wu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education & Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicine, Haikou, 570311, China.
| | - Wuping Zheng
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education & Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicine, Haikou, 570311, China.
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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17
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Wang N, Yao F, Liu D, Jiang H, Xia X, Xiong S. RNA N6-methyladenosine in nonocular and ocular disease. J Cell Physiol 2021; 237:1686-1710. [PMID: 34913163 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
N6 -methyladenosine (m6 A), the sixth N methylation of adenylate (A) in RNA, is the most abundant transcriptome modification in eukaryotic messenger RNA (mRNAs). m6 A modification exists in both coding mRNA and noncoding RNAs, and its functions are controlled by methyltransferase, demethylase, and m6 A reading proteins. Methylation modification of m6 A can regulate RNA cleavage, transport, stability, and expression. This review summarizes the enzymes involved in RNA m6 A methylation and the commonly used detection methods. The role of m6 A modification in physiological processes is described, and its impact on tumorigenesis, viral infection, and diabetes is further highlighted. Moreover, up-to-date knowledge of the implications of RNA m6 A modification in ocular diseases such as uveal melanoma and diabetic retinopathy is introduced. Clarifying the mechanism of RNA m6 A methylation will help elucidate the pathogenesis of various diseases, providing options for subsequent treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Opthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fei Yao
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Opthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Die Liu
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Opthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haibo Jiang
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Opthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaobo Xia
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Opthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Siqi Xiong
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Opthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China
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18
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Chen Z, Zhong X, Xia M, Zhong J. The roles and mechanisms of the m6A reader protein YTHDF1 in tumor biology and human diseases. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 26:1270-1279. [PMID: 34853726 PMCID: PMC8609105 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
YTHDF1 is the most versatile and powerful reader protein of N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-modified RNA, and it can recognize both G(m6A)C and A(m6A)C RNAs as ligands without sequence selectivity. YTHDF1 regulates target gene expression by different mechanisms, such as promoting translation or regulating the stability of mRNA. Numerous studies have shown that YTHDF1 plays an important role in tumor biology and nontumor lesions by mediating the protein translation of important genes or by affecting the expression of key factors involved in many important cell signaling pathways. Therefore, in this review we focus on some of the roles of YTHDF1 in tumor biology and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuyao Chen
- Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 421001 Hengyang, Hunan, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute Center of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 421001 Hengyang, Hunan, China.,Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 421001 Hengyang, Hunan, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 421001 Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhong
- Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 421001 Hengyang, Hunan, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute Center of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 421001 Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Min Xia
- Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 421001 Hengyang, Hunan, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute Center of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 421001 Hengyang, Hunan, China.,Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 421001 Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Zhong
- Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 421001 Hengyang, Hunan, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute Center of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 421001 Hengyang, Hunan, China.,Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 421001 Hengyang, Hunan, China
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19
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DPF3, A Putative Candidate Gene For Melanoma Etiopathogenesis in Gray Horses. J Equine Vet Sci 2021; 108:103797. [PMID: 34801788 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma prevalence in gray horses reaches up to 50% and more. Several studies have documented a genetic melanoma predisposition which is referred to the 4.6 kb duplication in intron 6 of STX17 and its surrounding haplotype. However, the genetic background and mechanisms responsible for differences in etiopathogenesis of equine dermal melanomatosis still remain unknown. In the current study, we performed a genome wide association analysis in 141 Lipizzan horses and subsequently identified one candidate gene on chromosome 24 putatively involved in melanoma pathogenesis in gray horses. The associated SNP was located in the intronic region of DPF3, a gene which is involved in humans in cell growth, proliferation, apoptosis and motility of cancer cells. The replication study in 1210 horses from seven breeds demonstrated, that the G/G genotype of the DPF3 associated SNP exhibits putative melanoma suppression effects. As a conclusion DPF3 represents a candidate gene, which might play an essential role for gray horses coping with high genetic melanoma related tumor load.
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20
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Zhu F, Yang T, Yao M, Shen T, Fang C. HNRNPA2B1, as a m 6A Reader, Promotes Tumorigenesis and Metastasis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:716921. [PMID: 34631545 PMCID: PMC8494978 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.716921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is the most prevalent modification on eukaryotic RNA, and the m6A modification regulators were involved in the progression of various cancers. However, the functions of m6A regulators in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remain poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrated that 13 of 19 m6A-related genes in OSCC tissues are dysregulated, and HNRNPA2B1 was the most prognostically important locus of the 19 m6A regulatory genes in OSCC. Moreover, HNRNPA2B1 expression is elevated in OSCC, and a high level of HNRNPA2B1 is significantly associated with poor overall survival in OSCC patients. Functional studies, combined with further analysis of the correlation between the expression of HNRNPA2B1 and the EMT-related markers from the TCGA database, reveal that silencing HNRNPA2B1 suppresses the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OSCC via EMT. Collectively, our work shows that HNRNPA2B1 may have the potential to promote carcinogenesis of OSCC by targeting EMT via the LINE-1/TGF-β1/Smad2/Slug signaling pathway and provide insight into the critical roles of HNRNPA2B1 in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiya Zhu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Tumor, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Oral Cancer and Precancerous Lesions, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tianru Yang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Tumor, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Oral Cancer and Precancerous Lesions, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mianfeng Yao
- Department of Prosthodontics, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Tumor, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Oral Cancer and Precancerous Lesions, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ting Shen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Tumor, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Oral Cancer and Precancerous Lesions, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Changyun Fang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Tumor, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Oral Cancer and Precancerous Lesions, Central South University, Changsha, China
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21
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Petri BJ, Piell KM, South Whitt GC, Wilt AE, Poulton CC, Lehman NL, Clem BF, Nystoriak MA, Wysoczynski M, Klinge CM. HNRNPA2B1 regulates tamoxifen- and fulvestrant-sensitivity and hallmarks of endocrine resistance in breast cancer cells. Cancer Lett 2021; 518:152-168. [PMID: 34273466 PMCID: PMC8358706 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Despite new combination therapies improving survival of breast cancer patients with estrogen receptor α (ER+) tumors, the molecular mechanisms for endocrine-resistant disease remain unresolved. Previously we demonstrated that expression of the RNA binding protein and N6-methyladenosine (m6A) reader HNRNPA2B1 (A2B1) is higher in LCC9 and LY2 tamoxifen (TAM)-resistant ERα breast cancer cells relative to parental TAM-sensitive MCF-7 cells. Here we report that A2B1 protein expression is higher in breast tumors than paired normal breast tissue. Modest stable overexpression of A2B1 in MCF-7 cells (MCF-7-A2B1 cells) resulted in TAM- and fulvestrant- resistance whereas knockdown of A2B1 in LCC9 and LY2 cells restored TAM and fulvestrant, endocrine-sensitivity. MCF-7-A2B1 cells gained hallmarks of TAM-resistant metastatic behavior: increased migration and invasion, clonogenicity, and soft agar colony size, which were attenuated by A2B1 knockdown in MCF-7-A2B1 and the TAM-resistant LCC9 and LY2 cells. MCF-7-A2B1, LCC9, and LY2 cells have a higher proportion of CD44+/CD24-/low cancer stem cells (CSC) compared to MCF-7 cells. MCF-7-A2B1 cells have increased ERα and reduced miR-222-3p that targets ERα. Like LCC9 cells, MCF-7-A2B1 have activated AKT and MAPK that depend on A2B1 expression and are growth inhibited by inhibitors of these pathways. These data support that targeting A2B1 could provide a complimentary therapeutic approach to reduce acquired endocrine resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda J Petri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Kellianne M Piell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Gordon C South Whitt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Ali E Wilt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Claire C Poulton
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Norman L Lehman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Brian F Clem
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Matthew A Nystoriak
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Marcin Wysoczynski
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Carolyn M Klinge
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA.
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22
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Meng J, Huang X, Qiu Y, Yu M, Lu J, Yao J. Characterization of m6A-Related Genes Landscape in Skin Cutaneous Melanoma to Aid Immunotherapy and Assess Prognosis. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:5345-5361. [PMID: 34522131 PMCID: PMC8434882 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s328522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) is the most malignant tumor among skin cancers. Immunotherapy has shown a great role in the advantageous prognosis of SKCM. However, only a small percentage of people can benefit from immunotherapy. To date, there has been insufficient evidence to reveal the prognostic value of m6A in SKCM and its relationship with the infiltration of immune cells and the efficacy of immunotherapy. Methods Here, we synthetically analyzed 23 m6A regulators from SKCM samples collected from the TCGA and GEO databases. We defined three m6A modification patterns and constructed m6A scores using principal component analysis (PCA). Results We found significant differences in overall survival (OS) and immune infiltration between different m6A subclusters. Besides, m6A score was positively correlated with regulatory T-cell and helper T-cell content, which may account for the association of high m6A scores with superior prognosis. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that the m6A score was an independent prognostic indicator. Moreover, patients with high m6A scores showed a better response to immunotherapy, and this result was further validated in two independent immunotherapy cohorts receiving anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy. Conclusion The findings suggested the m6A score can screen suitable candidates for immunotherapy and can predict immunotherapy response. This analysis of different m6A patterns in a large sample of SKCM expanded our understanding of TME and provided new ideas for prognostic assessment and personalized immunotherapy strategies for SKCM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhi Meng
- Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Huang
- Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Qiu
- Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Yu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinfeng Lu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Yao
- Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
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23
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Wu XR, Chen Z, Liu Y, Chen ZZ, Tang F, Chen ZZ, Li JJ, Liao JL, Cao K, Chen X, Zhou J. Prognostic signature and immune efficacy of m 1 A-, m 5 C- and m 6 A-related regulators in cutaneous melanoma. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:8405-8418. [PMID: 34288419 PMCID: PMC8419166 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is an aggressive cancer; given that initial and specific signs are lacking, diagnosis is often late and the prognosis is poor. RNA modification has been widely studied in tumour progression. Nevertheless, little progress has been made in the signature of N1 -methyladenosine (m1 A), 5-methylcytosine (m5 C), N6 -methyladenosine (m6 A)-related regulators and the tumour microenvironment (TME) cell infiltration in CM. Our study identified the characteristics of m1 A-, m5 C- and m6 A-related regulators based on 468 CM samples from the public database. Using univariate, multivariate and LASSO Cox regression analysis, a risk model of regulators was established and validated by a nomogram on independent prognostic factors. The gene set variation analysis (GSVA) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) clarified the involved functional pathways. A combined single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) and CIBERSORT approach revealed TME of regulator-related prognostic signature. The nine-gene signature stratified the patients into distinct risk subgroups for personalized prognostic assessment. Additionally, functional enrichment, immune infiltration and immunotherapy response analysis indicated that the high-risk group was correlated with T-cell suppression, while the low-risk group was more sensitive to immunotherapy. The findings presented here contribute to our understanding of the TME molecular heterogeneity in CM. Nine m1 A-, m5 C- and m6 A-related regulators may also be promising biomarkers for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian rui Wu
- Department of Plastic Surgery of Third Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery of Third Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery of Third Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Zi zi Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery of Third Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Fengjie Tang
- Department of Plastic Surgery of Third Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Zhi zhao Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery of Third Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Jing jing Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery of Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Jun lin Liao
- Departments of Medical CosmetologyThe First Affiliated HospitalUniversity of South ChinaHengyangHunanChina
| | - Ke Cao
- Department of Oncology of Third Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of DermatologyThe Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Jianda Zhou
- Department of Plastic Surgery of Third Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
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24
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Zhang Z, Zhang X. Identification of m6A-Related Biomarkers Associated with Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer. Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e932370. [PMID: 34373442 PMCID: PMC8364289 DOI: 10.12659/msm.932370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most deadly cancer in the world according to GLOBOCAN 2020 data. Accumulating evidence suggests that RNA methylation modification is also misregulated in human cancers and may be a potential ideal target for cancer treatment. Material/Methods m6A-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified from colon adenocarcinoma and rectum adenocarcinoma esophageal carcinoma patients with different pathological stages. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction, Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses of DEGs were conducted. Cox regression analysis was applied to the screening of m6A-related DEGs significantly associated with the overall survival (OS), and those selected genes were used for LASSO regression analysis to construct prognostic signature and calculate patients’ risk scores. Results We identified 673 m6A-related DEGs from CRC patients in different pathologic stages, and 146 of them were associated with OS. CTNNB1, TRIM37, RAB7A, CASC5/KNL1, CENPE, CCNB1, UBE2H, HSPA8, KIF1A, and FBXW4 were hub genes of the PPI network. Nine m6A-related genes were screened out to build the prognostic risk model. TNM stage, vascular invasion, and the risk score were independently related to the OS of CRC patients. Conclusions Nine candidate m6A-related mRNA biomarkers (LRRC17, NFKB1, NOS2, PCDHB2, RAB7A, RPS6KA1, RRNAD1, TLE6, and UBE2H) were found to be closely related to the clinicopathology and prognosis of colorectal cancer, indicating that they could be potential prognostic biomarkers for patients with colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China (mainland)
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China (mainland)
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25
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Decoding m 6A mRNA methylation by reader proteins in cancer. Cancer Lett 2021; 518:256-265. [PMID: 34339799 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most prevalent internal modification in eukaryotic mRNAs, regulates gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. The reader proteins of m6A, mainly YTH domain-containing proteins, specifically recognize m6A-modified mRNAs and regulate their metabolism. Recent studies have highlighted essential roles of m6A readers in the initiation and development of human cancers. In this review, we summarize recent findings about the biological functions of YTH domain proteins in cancers, the underlying mechanisms, and clinical implications. Gene expression reprogramming by dysregulated m6A reader proteins offers potential targets for cancer treatment, while targeted m6A editors and readers provide tools to manipulate m6A metabolism in cancers.
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26
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Physio-pathological effects of m6A modification and its potential contribution to melanoma. Clin Transl Oncol 2021; 23:2269-2279. [PMID: 34105069 PMCID: PMC8455380 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-021-02644-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Methylation of N6-adenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent internal RNA modification and is especially common among the messenger RNAs. These m6A modifications regulate splicing, translocation, stability and translation of RNA through dynamic and reversible interactions with m6A-binding proteins, namely the writers, erasers and readers. RNA methyltransferases catalyze the m6A modifications, while demethylases reverse this methylation. Deregulation of the m6A modification process has been implicated in human carcinogenesis, including melanoma—which carries one of the highest mutant rates. In this review, we provide an up-to-date summary of m6A regulation and its biological impacts on normal and cancer cells, with emphasis on the deregulation of m6A modification and m6A regulators in melanoma. In addition, we highlight the prospective potential of exploiting m6A modification in the treatment of melanoma and non-cancer diseases.
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27
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Fang S, Zhong L, Wang AQ, Zhang H, Yin ZS. Identification of Regeneration and Hub Genes and Pathways at Different Time Points after Spinal Cord Injury. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:2643-2662. [PMID: 33484404 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02289-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a neurological injury that can cause neuronal loss around the lesion site and leads to locomotive and sensory deficits. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to verify differential gene time-course expression in SCI and provide new insights for gene-level studies. We downloaded two rat expression profiles (GSE464 and GSE45006) from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, including 1 day, 3 days, 7 days, and 14 days post-SCI, along with thoracic spinal cord data for analysis. At each time point, gene integration was performed using "batch normalization." The raw data were standardized, and differentially expressed genes at the different time points versus the control were analyzed by Gene Ontology enrichment analysis, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis, and gene set enrichment analysis. A protein-protein interaction network was then built and visualized. In addition, ten hub genes were identified at each time point. Among them, Gnb5, Gng8, Agt, Gnai1, and Psap lack correlation studies in SCI and deserve further investigation. Finally, we screened and analyzed genes for tissue repair, reconstruction, and regeneration and found that Anxa1, Snap25, and Spp1 were closely related to repair and regeneration after SCI. In conclusion, hub genes, signaling pathways, and regeneration genes involved in secondary SCI were identified in our study. These results may be useful for understanding SCI-related biological processes and the development of targeted intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Fang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, #218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui Province, China
| | - Lin Zhong
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, #218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui Province, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - An-Quan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, #218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui Province, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, #218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui Province, China
| | - Zong-Sheng Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, #218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui Province, China.
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28
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Jin Y, Wang Z, He D, Zhu Y, Hu X, Gong L, Xiao M, Chen X, Cheng Y, Cao K. Analysis of m6A-Related Signatures in the Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Identification of Clinical Prognostic Regulators in Adrenocortical Carcinoma. Front Immunol 2021; 12:637933. [PMID: 33746977 PMCID: PMC7966528 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.637933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare endocrine malignancy with a high rate of mortality and recurrence. N6-methyladenosine methylation (m6A) is the most common modification to affect cancer development, but to date, the potential role of m6A regulators in ACC prognosis is not well understood. In this study, we systematically analyzed 21 m6A regulators in ACC samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We identified three m6A modification patterns with different clinical outcomes and discovered a significant relationship between diverse m6A clusters and the tumor immune microenvironment (immune cell types and ESTIMATE algorithm). Additionally, Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) revealed that the m6A clusters were strongly associated with immune infiltration in the ACC. Next, to further explore the m6A prognostic signatures in ACC, we implemented Lasso (Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator) Cox regression to establish an eight-m6A-regulator prognostic model in the TCGA dataset, and the results showed that the model-based high-risk group was closely correlated with poor overall survival (OS) compared with the low-risk group. Subsequently, we validated the key modifications in the GEO datasets and found that high HNRNPA2B1 expression resulted in poor OS and event-free survival (EFS) in ACC. Moreover, to further decipher the molecular mechanisms, we constructed a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network based on HNRNPA2B1, which consists of 12 long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and 1 microRNA (miRNA). In conclusion, our findings indicate the potential role of m6A modification in ACC, providing novel insights into ACC prognosis and guiding effective immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Jin
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhanwang Wang
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dong He
- Department of Respiratory, The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Yuxing Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xueying Hu
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lian Gong
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mengqing Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xingyu Chen
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yaxin Cheng
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ke Cao
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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29
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Li Q, Ni Y, Zhang L, Jiang R, Xu J, Yang H, Hu Y, Qiu J, Pu L, Tang J, Wang X. HIF-1α-induced expression of m6A reader YTHDF1 drives hypoxia-induced autophagy and malignancy of hepatocellular carcinoma by promoting ATG2A and ATG14 translation. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:76. [PMID: 33619246 PMCID: PMC7900110 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00453-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A), and its reader protein YTHDF1, play a pivotal role in human tumorigenesis by affecting nearly every stage of RNA metabolism. Autophagy activation is one of the ways by which cancer cells survive hypoxia. However, the possible involvement of m6A modification of mRNA in hypoxia-induced autophagy was unexplored in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, specific variations in YTHDF1 expression were detected in YTHDF1-overexpressing, -knockout, and -knockdown HCC cells, HCC organoids, and HCC patient-derived xenograft (PDX) murine models. YTHDF1 expression and hypoxia-induced autophagy were significantly correlated in vitro; significant overexpression of YTHDF1 in HCC tissues was associated with poor prognosis. Multivariate cox regression analysis identified YTHDF1 expression as an independent prognostic factor in patients with HCC. Multiple HCC models confirmed that YTHDF1 deficiency inhibited HCC autophagy, growth, and metastasis. Luciferase reporter assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation demonstrated that HIF-1α regulated YTHDF1 transcription by directly binding to its promoter region under hypoxia. The results of methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing, proteomics, and polysome profiling indicated that YTHDF1 contributed to the translation of autophagy-related genes ATG2A and ATG14 by binding to m6A-modified ATG2A and ATG14 mRNA, thus facilitating autophagy and autophagy-related malignancy of HCC. Taken together, HIF-1α-induced YTHDF1 expression was associated with hypoxia-induced autophagy and autophagy-related HCC progression via promoting translation of autophagy-related genes ATG2A and ATG14 in a m6A-dependent manner. Our findings suggest that YTHDF1 is a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.,School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Ni
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Liren Zhang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Runqiu Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.,Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuanchang Hu
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiannan Qiu
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Liyong Pu
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Jinhai Tang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Xuehao Wang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China. .,School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
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30
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Zhou J, Guo Y, Huo Z, Xing Y, Fang J, Ma G, Han Q, Wang M, Xu Q. Identification of therapeutic targets and prognostic biomarkers from the hnRNP family in invasive breast carcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:4503-4521. [PMID: 33495416 PMCID: PMC7906176 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) are RNA-binding proteins that are reported to play a crucial role in the pathogenic process of multiple malignancies. However, their expression patterns, clinical application significance and prognostic values in invasive breast carcinoma (BRCA) remain unknown. In this study, we investigated hnRNP family members in BRCA using accumulated data from Oncomine 4.5, UALCAN Web portal and other available databases. We explored the expression and prognostic value level of hnRNPs in BRCA. We further analyzed their association with the clinicopathological features of BRCA patients. Subsequently, we calculated the alteration frequency of hnRNPs, constructed the interaction network of hnRNPs, and examined the potential coexpression genes of hnRNPs, revealing that HNRNPU and SYNCRIP are the core molecular genes requiring further investigation for BRCA. We validated the immunohistochemistry (IHC) pattern to simulate clinical applications based on pathology. Cell function experiments conducted in vitro indicated that HNRNPU can promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition, functionally stimulating the invasion capacity and inhibiting the viability of invasive BRCA cells. In summary, our systematic analysis demonstrated that HNRNPU was the key molecule that played a fundamental role in BRCA metastasis, which may facilitate the development of new diagnostic and prognostic markers for the analysis of BRCA progression.
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MESH Headings
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/genetics
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology
- Carcinoma, Lobular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Lobular/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Databases, Genetic
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/genetics
- Female
- Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein U/genetics
- Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoproteins/genetics
- Humans
- In Vitro Techniques
- MCF-7 Cells
- Molecular Targeted Therapy
- Neoplasm Invasiveness
- Neoplasm Staging
- Prognosis
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- RNA, Small Interfering
- Transcriptome
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Zhou
- Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bio-Reactor, Nanyang Normal University, NanYang 473000, China
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, NanYang 473000, China
| | - Yugang Guo
- Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bio-Reactor, Nanyang Normal University, NanYang 473000, China
| | - Zheng Huo
- Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bio-Reactor, Nanyang Normal University, NanYang 473000, China
| | - Yuxin Xing
- Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bio-Reactor, Nanyang Normal University, NanYang 473000, China
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, NanYang 473000, China
| | - Jintao Fang
- Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bio-Reactor, Nanyang Normal University, NanYang 473000, China
| | - Guohui Ma
- Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bio-Reactor, Nanyang Normal University, NanYang 473000, China
| | - Qinghui Han
- Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bio-Reactor, Nanyang Normal University, NanYang 473000, China
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, NanYang 473000, China
| | - Mengzhen Wang
- Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bio-Reactor, Nanyang Normal University, NanYang 473000, China
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, NanYang 473000, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bio-Reactor, Nanyang Normal University, NanYang 473000, China
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31
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Ma Z, Ji J. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification in cancer stem cells. Stem Cells 2020; 38:1511-1519. [PMID: 32985068 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs), a unique subset of undifferentiated cells with stem cell-like properties, have emerged as driving forces in mediating tumor growth, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. Recent advances have highlighted that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification plays an important role in cancer biology and CSCs. Dynamic m6A decoration has been demonstrated to be involved in CSC generation and maintenance, governing cancer progression and therapeutic resistance. In this review, we provide the first overview of the current knowledge of m6A modification implicated in CSCs and their impact on CSC properties, tumor progression, and responses to treatment. Finally, we also highlight the potential of m6A machinery as novel targets for cancer therapeutics. The involvement of m6A modification in CSCs provides a new direction for exploring cancer pathogenesis and inspires the development of effective strategies to fully eliminate both cancer cells and CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua Ma
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing People's Republic of, China
| | - Jiafu Ji
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Division of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing People's Republic of, China
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