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Kazmi I, Altamimi ASA, Afzal M, Majami AA, AlGhamdi AS, Alkinani KB, Abbasi FA, Almalki WH, Alzera SI, Kukreti N, Fuloria NK, Sekar M, Abida. The emerging role of non-coding RNAs in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in Prostate Cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 254:155134. [PMID: 38277746 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is an important worldwide medical concern, necessitating a greater understanding of the molecular processes driving its development. The Wnt/-catenin signaling cascade is established as a central player in PCa pathogenesis, and recent research emphasizes the critical involvement of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in this scenario. This in-depth study seeks to give a thorough examination of the complex relationship between ncRNAs and the Wnt/β-catenin system in PCa. NcRNAs, such as circular RNAs (circRNAs), long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), and microRNAs (miRNAs), have been recognized as essential regulators that modulate numerous facets of the Wnt/β-catenin network. MiRNAs have been recognized as targeting vital elements of the process, either enhancing or inhibiting signaling, depending on their specific roles and targets. LncRNAs participate in fine-tuning the Wnt/β-catenin network as a result of complicated interplay with both upstream and downstream elements. CircRNAs, despite being a relatively recent addition to the ncRNA family, have been implicated in PCa, influencing the Wnt/β-catenin cascade through diverse mechanisms. This article encompasses recent advances in our comprehension of specific ncRNAs that participate in the Wnt/β-catenin network, their functional roles, and clinical relevance in PCa. We investigate their use as screening and predictive indicators, and targets for treatment. Additionally, we delve into the interplay between Wnt/β-catenin and other signaling networks in PCa and the role of ncRNAs within this complex network. As we unveil the intricate regulatory functions of ncRNAs in the Wnt/β-catenin cascade in PCa, we gain valuable insights into the disease's pathogenesis. The implementation of these discoveries in practical applications holds promise for more precise diagnosis, prognosis, and targeted therapeutic approaches, ultimately enhancing the care of PCa patients. This comprehensive review underscores the evolving landscape of ncRNA research in PCa and the potential for innovative interventions in the battle against this formidable malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Muhammad Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Majami
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer S AlGhamdi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khadijah B Alkinani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, 21955 Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Al Abbasi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami I Alzera
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, 72341, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Neelima Kukreti
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | | | - Mahendran Sekar
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abida
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Zhang H, Wang W, Lin J, Qiao J, Wang X, Fang B, Chen C, Wang Y, Zhu G, Liu W. Mechanism of LEF1-AS1 regulating HUVEC cells by targeting miR-489-3p/S100A11 axis. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16128. [PMID: 37927791 PMCID: PMC10625350 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The venous malformation is the most common congenital vascular malformation and exhibits the characteristics of local invasion and lifelong progressive development. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) regulates endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, macrophages, vascular inflammation, and metabolism and also affects the development of venous malformations. This study aimed to elucidate the role of the lncRNA LEF1-AS1 in the development of venous malformations and examine the interaction among LEF1-AS1, miR-489-3p, and S100A11 in HUVEC cells. Methods Venous malformation tissues, corresponding normal venous tissues, and HUVEC cells were used. Agilent human lncRNA microarray gene chip was used to screen differential genes, RNA expression was detected using quantitative reverse transcription PCR, and protein expression was detected using Western blotting. The proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of HUVEC cells were assessed using CCK8, transwell, and in vitro angiogenesis tests. Results A total of 1,651 lncRNAs were screened using gene chip analysis, of which 1015 were upregulated and 636 were downregulated. The lncRNA LEF1-AS1 was upregulated with an obvious difference multiple, and the fold-change value was 11.03273. The results of the analysis performed using the StarBase bioinformatics prediction website showed that LEF1-AS1 and miR-489-3p possessed complementary binding sites and that miR-489-3p and S100A11 also had complementary binding sites. The findings of tissue experiments revealed that the expressions of LEF1-AS1 and S100A11 were higher in tissues with venous malformations than in normal tissues, whereas the expression of miR-489-3p was lower in venous malformations than in normal tissues. Cell culture experiments indicated that LEF1-AS1 promoted the proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of HUVEC cells. In these cells, LEF1-AS1 targeted miR-489-3p, which in turn targeted S100A11. LEF1-AS1 acted as a competitive endogenous RNA and promoted the expression of S100A11 by competitively binding to miR-489-3p and enhancing the proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of HUVEC cells. Thus, LEF1-AS1 participated in the occurrence and development of venous malformation. Conclusions The expression of LEF1-AS1 was upregulated in venous malformations, and the expression of S100A11 was increased by the adsorption of miR-489-3p to venous endothelial cells, thus enhancing the proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of HUVEC cells. In conclusion, LEF1-AS1 is involved in the occurrence and development of venous malformations by regulating the miR-489-3p/S100A11 axis, which provides valuable insights into the pathogenesis of this disease and opens new avenues for its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Zhang
- Hemangioma Surgery Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wenqiu Wang
- Hemangioma Surgery Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Junjie Lin
- Hemangioma Surgery Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Junbo Qiao
- Hemangioma Surgery Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xinjun Wang
- Hemangioma Surgery Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Bin Fang
- Hemangioma Surgery Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Changkuan Chen
- Hemangioma Surgery Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yujiao Wang
- Hemangioma Surgery Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Gaozan Zhu
- Hemangioma Surgery Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wenbo Liu
- Hemangioma Surgery Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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3
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Bu T, Li L, Tian J. Unlocking the role of non-coding RNAs in prostate cancer progression: exploring the interplay with the Wnt signaling pathway. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1269233. [PMID: 37829301 PMCID: PMC10565042 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1269233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancers in males, exhibiting a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations that pose challenges in its diagnosis and treatment. The Wnt signaling pathway, a conserved and complex pathway, is crucial for embryonic development, tissue homeostasis, and various physiological processes. Apart from the classical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, there exist multiple non-classical Wnt signaling pathways, including the Wnt/PCP and Wnt/Ca2+ pathways. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are involved in the occurrence and development of PCa and the response to PCa treatment. ncRNAs are known to execute diverse regulatory roles in cellular processes, despite their inability to encode proteins. Among them, microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs play key roles in the regulation of the Wnt signaling pathway in PCa. Aberrant expression of these ncRNAs and dysregulation of the Wnt signaling pathway are one of the causes of cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, migration, and angiogenesis in PCa. Moreover, these ncRNAs affect the characteristics of PCa cells and hold promise as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Herein, we summarize the role of ncRNAs in the regulation of the Wnt signaling pathway during the development of PCa. Additionally, we present an overview of the current progress in research on the correlation between these molecules and clinical features of the disease to provide novel insights and strategies for the treatment of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jiyu Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Zhang L, Chen Y, Wang Z, Xia Q. LncRNA PSMG3-AS1 is upregulated in prostate carcinoma and downregulates miR-106b through DNA methylation. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2023:1-7. [PMID: 37023254 DOI: 10.1080/19396368.2023.2187269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA PSMG3-AS1 is known to play critical roles in several types of cancer, while its role in prostate carcinoma (PC) is unknown. This study aimed to explore the involvement of PSMG3-AS1 in PC. In this study, RT-qPCR analysis showed that PSMG3-AS1 was upregulated, while miR-106b was downregulated in PC. PSMG3-AS1 and miR-106b were inversely and significantly correlated across PC tissue samples. In addition, in PC cells, overexpression of PSMG3-AS1 increased the DNA methylation of miR-106b and decreased the expression levels of miR-106b. In contrast, no significant alteration in the expression of PSMG3-AS1 was observed in cells transfected with miR-106b mimic. Cell proliferation analysis showed that PSMG3-AS1 reduced the inhibitory effects of miR-106b overexpression on cell proliferation. Taken together, our data suggested that PSMG3-AS1 could downregulate miR-106b through DNA methylation to suppress PC cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liansheng Zhang
- Department of Urology, Soochow University Affiliated Wuxi Ninth Hospital, Suzhou City, PR China
| | - Yougan Chen
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi City, PR China
| | - Zhenjie Wang
- Department of Urology, Xinghua People's Hospital, Xinghua City, Taizhou City, PR China
| | - Qiang Xia
- Department of Urology, Soochow University Affiliated Wuxi Ninth Hospital, Suzhou City, PR China
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Wang Z, Xie W, Guan H. The diagnostic, prognostic role and molecular mechanism of miR-328 in human cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 157:114031. [PMID: 36413837 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA are non-coding small RNAs that bind to their target mRNA and cause mRNA degradation or translation inhibition. MiRNA dysregulation is linked to a variety of human cancers and has a role in the genesis and development of cancer pathology. MiR-328 has been reported to be involved in various human cancers. And miR-328 is considered a key regulator in human cancer. It participates in biological processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, migration, and EMT. The present review will combine the basic and clinical studies to find that miR-328 promotes tumorigenesis and metastasis in human cancer. And we will describe the diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic value of miR-328 in various human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Wenjie Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Hongzai Guan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266003, China.
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Chen WW, Chu TSM, Xu L, Zhao CN, Poon WS, Leung GKK, Kong FM(S. Immune related biomarkers for cancer metastasis to the brain. Exp Hematol Oncol 2022; 11:105. [PMID: 36527157 PMCID: PMC9756766 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-022-00349-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain metastasis accounts for a large number of cancer-related deaths. The host immune system, involved at each step of the metastatic cascade, plays an important role in both the initiation of the brain metastasis and their treatment responses to various modalities, through either local and or systemic effect. However, few reliable immune biomarkers have been identified in predicting the development and the treatment outcome in patients with cancer brain metastasis. Here, we provide a focused perspective of immune related biomarkers for cancer metastasis to the brain and a thorough discussion of the potential utilization of specific biomarkers such as tumor mutation burden (TMB), genetic markers, circulating and tumor-infiltrating immune cells, cytokines, in predicting the brain disease progression and regression after therapeutic intervention. We hope to inspire the field to extend the research and establish practical guidelines for developing and validating immune related biomarkers to provide personalized treatment and improve treatment outcomes in patients with metastatic brain cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wei Chen
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Timothy Shun Man Chu
- grid.419334.80000 0004 0641 3236Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Victoria Road, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 4LP UK ,grid.1006.70000 0001 0462 7212Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU UK
| | - LiangLiang Xu
- grid.440671.00000 0004 5373 5131Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Cai-Ning Zhao
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Wai-Sang Poon
- grid.440671.00000 0004 5373 5131Neuro-Medical Center, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China ,grid.194645.b0000000121742757Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine,LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Gilberto Ka-Kit Leung
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine,LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Feng-Ming (Spring) Kong
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, SAR China ,grid.440671.00000 0004 5373 5131Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Vaspin alleviates the lncRNA LEF1-AS1-induced osteogenic differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells via the Hippo/YAP signaling pathway. Exp Cell Res 2022; 421:113407. [PMID: 36334793 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is closely related to higher cardiovascular mortality and morbidity, and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) switching to osteogenic-like cells is crucial for VC. LncRNA LEF1-AS1 promotes atherosclerosis and dental pulp stem cells calcification, while its role in VC remains unknown. Visceral adipose tissue-derived serine protease inhibitor (vaspin) is an adipokine regulating bone metabolism. However, the relationship between vaspin and VC is still unclear. We aimed to explore the role of LEF1-AS1 on VSMC osteogenic transition, whether vaspin inhibited LEF1-AS1-mediated osteogenic differentiation of VSMCs, and the responsible mechanism. In this study, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting analysis indicated that LEF1-AS1 overexpression significantly upregulated osteogenic marker Runt-related transcription factor-2 (RUNX2) level and downregulated VSMC contractile marker α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) level. Alizarin red staining, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, ALP activity assay, and calcium content assay also suggested that LEF1-AS1 overexpression promoted calcium deposition in VSMCs. However, vaspin treatment abolished this phenomenon. Mechanistically, LEF1-AS1 markedly decreased phosphorylated YAP level, while vaspin reversed LEF1-AS1-induced phosphorylated YAP decline. Our results revealed that LEF1-AS1 accelerated the osteogenic differentiation of VSMCs by regulating the Hippo/YAP pathway, while vaspin eliminated the LEF1-AS1-meditated VSMCs osteogenic phenotype switch.
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Liu J, Xiao P, Jiang W, Wang Y, Huang Y. Diagnostic value of exosomes in patients with liver cancer: a systematic review. CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE FEDERATION OF SPANISH ONCOLOGY SOCIETIES AND OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE OF MEXICO 2022; 24:2285-2294. [PMID: 35947296 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02906-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver cancer is a disease with high morbidity and mortality. More and more studies have shown that exosomes can be used as biomarkers for the diagnosis of liver cancer, but their diagnostic accuracy is still unclear. Therefore, this meta-analysis summarizes various studies on the diagnostic value of exosomes for liver cancer. METHODS A comprehensive search was carried out based on the set search terms in PubMed, Web of Science and Wiley until April 1, 2022. All statistical analyses were performed by STATA 17 statistical software and Review Manager 5.4. Quality Assessment for Studies of Diagnostic Accuracy 2 tool was applied to evaluate the quality of included articles. Random effects model was used to calculate various diagnostic indicators. RESULTS A total of 47 studies were included in this meta-analysis. The number of participants was 3196. The combined sensitivity, specificity and the area under the curve with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were, respectively 0.80 (0.75-0.84), 0.83 (0.79-0.87), 0.89 (0.85-0.91). CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis shows that exosomes have good diagnostic accuracy for liver cancer and can be used as an effective biomarker for the diagnosis of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jusong Liu
- Department of Transfusion, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Pan Xiao
- Department of Transfusion, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxue Jiang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- Department of Transfusion, Yaan People's Hospital, Yaan, 625000, China
| | - Yuanshuai Huang
- Department of Transfusion, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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Mirzaei S, Paskeh MDA, Okina E, Gholami MH, Hushmandi K, Hashemi M, Kalu A, Zarrabi A, Nabavi N, Rabiee N, Sharifi E, Karimi-Maleh H, Ashrafizadeh M, Kumar AP, Wang Y. Molecular Landscape of LncRNAs in Prostate Cancer: A focus on pathways and therapeutic targets for intervention. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2022; 41:214. [PMID: 35773731 PMCID: PMC9248128 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02406-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background One of the most malignant tumors in men is prostate cancer that is still incurable due to its heterogenous and progressive natures. Genetic and epigenetic changes play significant roles in its development. The RNA molecules with more than 200 nucleotides in length are known as lncRNAs and these epigenetic factors do not encode protein. They regulate gene expression at transcriptional, post-transcriptional and epigenetic levels. LncRNAs play vital biological functions in cells and in pathological events, hence their expression undergoes dysregulation. Aim of review The role of epigenetic alterations in prostate cancer development are emphasized here. Therefore, lncRNAs were chosen for this purpose and their expression level and interaction with other signaling networks in prostate cancer progression were examined. Key scientific concepts of review The aberrant expression of lncRNAs in prostate cancer has been well-documented and progression rate of tumor cells are regulated via affecting STAT3, NF-κB, Wnt, PI3K/Akt and PTEN, among other molecular pathways. Furthermore, lncRNAs regulate radio-resistance and chemo-resistance features of prostate tumor cells. Overexpression of tumor-promoting lncRNAs such as HOXD-AS1 and CCAT1 can result in drug resistance. Besides, lncRNAs can induce immune evasion of prostate cancer via upregulating PD-1. Pharmacological compounds such as quercetin and curcumin have been applied for targeting lncRNAs. Furthermore, siRNA tool can reduce expression of lncRNAs thereby suppressing prostate cancer progression. Prognosis and diagnosis of prostate tumor at clinical course can be evaluated by lncRNAs. The expression level of exosomal lncRNAs such as lncRNA-p21 can be investigated in serum of prostate cancer patients as a reliable biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Deldar Abad Paskeh
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.,Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elena Okina
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore.,NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 180554, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of epidemiology & Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.,Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azuma Kalu
- School of Life, Health & Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom.,Pathology, Sheffield Teaching Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, 34396, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, V6H3Z6, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Korea.,School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, 2109, Australia
| | - Esmaeel Sharifi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, 6517838736, Iran
| | - Hassan Karimi-Maleh
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, P.O. Box 611731, Xiyuan Ave, Chengdu, PR China.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, Iran.,Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, Johannesburg, 2028, South Africa
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, 34956, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore. .,NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 180554, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Yuzhuo Wang
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, V6H3Z6, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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Liu C, Jiang S, Xie H, Jia H, Li R, Zhang K, Wang N, Lin P, Yu X. Long non-coding RNA AC245100.4 contributes to prostate cancer migration via regulating PAR2 and activating p38-MAPK pathway. Med Oncol 2022; 39:94. [DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01689-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Zhang H, Wang J, Wang Y, Li J, Zhao L, Zhang T, Liao X. Long Non-Coding LEF1-AS1 Sponge miR-5100 Regulates Apoptosis and Autophagy in Gastric Cancer Cells via the miR-5100/DEK/AMPK-mTOR Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:4787. [PMID: 35563178 PMCID: PMC9101949 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
DEK and miR-5100 play critical roles in many steps of cancer initiation and progression and are directly or indirectly regulated by most promoters and repressors. LEF1-AS1 as a long non-coding RNA can regulate tumor development through sponge miRNA. The effect and regulatory mechanism of DEK on autophagy and apoptosis in gastric cancer (GC), and the role between miR-5100 and DEK or miR-5100 and LEF1-AS1 are still unclear. Our study found that DEK was highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues and cell lines, and knockdown of DEK inhibited the autophagy of cells, promoted apoptosis, and suppressed the malignant phenotype of gastric cancer. DEK regulates autophagy and apoptosis through the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. In addition, miR-5100 inhibits autophagy and promotes apoptosis in GC cells while LEF1-AS1 had the opposite effect. Studies have shown that miR-5100 acts by targeting the 3'UTR of DEK, and LEF1-AS1 regulates the expression of miR-5100 by sponging with mIR-5100. In conclusion, our results found that LEF1-AS1 and miR-5100 sponge function, and the miR-5100/DEK/AMPK/mTOR axis regulates autophagy and apoptosis in gastric cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xinghua Liao
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China; (H.Z.); (J.W.); (Y.W.); (J.L.); (L.Z.); (T.Z.)
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Zheng Q, Yu X, Zhang M, Zhang S, Guo W, He Y. Current Research Progress of the Role of LncRNA LEF1-AS1 in a Variety of Tumors. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:750084. [PMID: 34988073 PMCID: PMC8721001 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.750084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA), as key regulators of cell proliferation and death, are involved in the regulation of various processes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, involving biological developmental processes in the fields of immunology, neurobiology, cancer, and stress. There is great scientific interest in exploring the relationship between lncRNA and tumors. Many researches revealed that lymph enhancer-binding factor 1-antisense RNA 1 (LEF1-AS1), a recently discovered lncRNA, is downregulated in myeloid malignancy, acting mainly as a tumor suppressor, while it is highly expressed and carcinogenic in glioblastoma (GBM), lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), osteosarcoma, colorectal cancer (CRC), oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), prostatic carcinoma, retinoblastoma, and other malignant tumors. Furthermore, abnormal LEF1-AS1 expression was associated with tumorigenesis, development, survival, and prognosis via the regulation of target genes and signaling pathways. This review summarizes the existing data on the expression, functions, underlying mechanism, relevant signaling pathways, and clinical significance of LEF1-AS1 in cancer. It is concluded that LEF1-AS1 can serve as a novel biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of various tumors, thus deserves further attention in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyuan Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan Universities, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan Universities, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Menggang Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan Universities, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuijun Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan Universities, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenzhi Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan Universities, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wenzhi Guo, ; Yuting He,
| | - Yuting He
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan Universities, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wenzhi Guo, ; Yuting He,
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Smith AJ, Sompel KM, Elango A, Tennis MA. Non-Coding RNA and Frizzled Receptors in Cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:712546. [PMID: 34671643 PMCID: PMC8521042 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.712546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Frizzled receptors have been long recognized for their role in Wnt/β-catenin signaling, a pathway known for its tumorigenic effects. More recent studies of frizzled receptors include efforts to understand non-coding RNA (ncRNA) regulation of these receptors in cancer. It has become increasingly clear that ncRNA molecules are important for regulating the expression of both oncogenic and tumor-suppressive proteins. The three most commonly described ncRNA molecules are microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs). Here, we review ncRNA molecules that directly or indirectly affect frizzled protein expression and downstream signaling. Exploring these interactions highlights the potential of incorporating ncRNA molecules into cancer prevention and therapy strategies that target frizzled receptors. Previous investigations of frizzled receptors and ncRNA have established strong promise for a role in cancer progression, but additional studies are needed to provide the substantial pre-clinical evidence required to translate findings to clinical applications.
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14
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Du X, Liu H, Yang C, Shi X, Cao L, Zhao X, Miao Y, Zhu H, Wang L, Xu W, Li J, Fan L. LncRNA landscape analysis identified LncRNA LEF-AS1 as an oncogene that upregulates LEF1 and promotes survival in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leuk Res 2021; 110:106706. [PMID: 34563944 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2021.106706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a malignant disorder of mature B lymphocytes, and the precise pathogenesis is largely unknown at present. This study set out to screen the differential expression profile of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) by microarray and explore the underlying mechanism, biological function, and clinical significance of lncRNA in CLL cells. Compared to the lncRNA expression profiles of the control group, we picked lncRNA LEF1-AS1 for further exploration. By quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), we validated that primary CLL cells harbor higher lncRNA LEF1-AS1 levels than normal B cells. In the two cell lines with stable overexpression of LEF1-AS1, expression of LEF1 elevated on RNA and protein level, proliferation rates increased, and apoptosis rates decreased. In primary CLL cells, mRNA expression of LEF1 decreased by qRT-PCR after negatively regulating the expression of LEF1-AS1. RNA Binding Protein Immunoprecipitation and RNA pull-down demonstrated that LncRNA LEF1-AS1 and LEF1 protein could combine especially. This thesis concludes LEF1-AS1 may be an oncogenic lncRNA that regulates the target gene LEF1 by interacting with protein LEF1. However, the prognostic significance of lncRNA LEF1-AS1 in CLL patients is still unclear.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Cell Survival
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/metabolism
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/pathology
- Lymphoid Enhancer-Binding Factor 1/genetics
- Lymphoid Enhancer-Binding Factor 1/metabolism
- Male
- RNA, Antisense/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Du
- Department of Hematology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Hematology, Subei People's Hospital, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hailing Liu
- Department of Hematology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Changqing Yang
- Department of Hematology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao Shi
- Department of Hematology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Hematology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Miao
- Department of Hematology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huayuan Zhu
- Department of Hematology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Hematology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Hematology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianyong Li
- Department of Hematology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Fan
- Department of Hematology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Barik GK, Sahay O, Behera A, Naik D, Kalita B. Keep your eyes peeled for long noncoding RNAs: Explaining their boundless role in cancer metastasis, drug resistance, and clinical application. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188612. [PMID: 34391844 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis and drug resistance are two major obstacles in the treatment of cancer and therefore, the leading cause of cancer-associated mortalities worldwide. Hence, an in-depth understanding of these processes and identification of the underlying key players could help design a better therapeutic regimen to treat cancer. Earlier thought to be merely transcriptional junk and having passive or secondary function, recent advances in the genomic research have unravelled that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play pivotal roles in diverse physiological as well as pathological processes including cancer metastasis and drug resistance. LncRNAs can regulate various steps of the complex metastatic cascade such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion, migration and metastatic colonization, and also affect the sensitivity of cancer cells to various chemotherapeutic drugs. A substantial body of literature for more than a decade of research evince that lncRNAs can regulate gene expression at different levels such as epigenetic, transcriptional, posttranscriptional, translational and posttranslational levels, depending on their subcellular localization and through their ability to interact with DNA, RNA and proteins. In this review, we mainly focus on how lncRNAs affect cancer metastasis by modulating expression of key metastasis-associated genes at various levels of gene regulation. We also discuss how lncRNAs confer cancer cells either sensitivity or resistance to various chemo-therapeutic drugs via different mechanisms. Finally, we highlight the immense potential of lncRNAs as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh Kumar Barik
- Cancer Biology Division, National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India
| | - Osheen Sahay
- Proteomics Laboratory, National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India
| | - Abhayananda Behera
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Debasmita Naik
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Bhargab Kalita
- Proteomics Laboratory, National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India.
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