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Jani Y, Jansen CS, Gerke MB, Bilen MA. Established and emerging biomarkers of immunotherapy in renal cell carcinoma. Immunotherapy 2024; 16:405-426. [PMID: 38264827 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2023-0267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, have heralded impressive progress for patient care in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Despite this success, some patients' disease fails to respond, and other patients experience significant side effects. Thus, development of biomarkers is needed to ensure that patients can be selected to maximize benefit from immunotherapies. Improving clinicians' ability to predict which patients will respond to immunotherapy and which are most at risk of adverse events - namely through clinical biomarkers - is indispensable for patient safety and therapeutic efficacy. Accordingly, an evolving suite of therapeutic biomarkers continues to be investigated. This review discusses biomarkers for immunotherapy in RCC, highlighting current practices and emerging innovations, aiming to contribute to improved outcomes for patients with RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yash Jani
- Mercer University, Macon, GA 31207, USA
| | - Caroline S Jansen
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Margo B Gerke
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Mehmet Asim Bilen
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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2
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Xiang W, Zhang B, Li H. LncRNA DLEU2 contributes to Taxol resistance of gastric cancer cells through regulating the miR-30c-5p-LDHA axis. J Chemother 2024; 36:49-60. [PMID: 37161284 DOI: 10.1080/1120009x.2023.2203606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a human malignancy which is associated with high mortality rate and poor prognosis. In addition to surgery, chemo- and radio-therapies are effective strategies against GC at advanced or metastatic stage. Taxol is a traditionally anti-cancer drug which is applied to various types of cancer. However, development of drug resistance limited the anti-cancer effects of Taxol. Currently, the biological roles and mechanisms of non-coding RNA DLEU2 in Taxol resistant GC remain unclear. This study reported that DLEU2 was significantly upregulated and miR-30c-5p was remarkedly downregulated in gastric tumours and cell lines. Silencing DLEU2 or overexpression of miR-30c-5p effectively increased the Taxol sensitivity of GC cells. Through bioinformatics analysis, RNA pull-down and luciferase assay, we demonstrated that DLEU2 sponged miR-30c-5p to block its expression in GC cells. Moreover, from the established Taxol resistant GC cell line, we detected remarkedly upregulated DLEU2 and downregulated miR-30c-5p expressions and significantly elevated glucose metabolism. Under low glucose condition, Taxol resistant cells were more susceptible to Taxol. In addition, we showed overexpression of miR-30c-5p blocked glucose metabolism through inhibiting the LDHA, a glucose metabolism key enzyme by direct targeting the 3'UTR of LDHA. Finally, rescue experiments validated that restoration of miR-30c-5p in DLEU2-overexpressing Taxol resistant GC cells effectively overcame the DLEU2-promoted Taxol resistance. In summary, this study uncovered new roles and molecular mechanisms of the lncRNA DLEU2-promoted Taxol resistance of gastric cancer cells, presenting the DLEU2-miR-30c-5p-LDHA-glucose metabolism axis a potentially therapeutic target for treatment of Taxol resistant GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiguang Xiang
- Medical College, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui Province, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Haijun Li
- Medical College, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
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Bahrami B, Wolfien M, Nikpour P. Integrated analysis of transcriptome and epigenome reveals ENSR00000272060 as a potential biomarker in gastric cancer. Epigenomics 2024; 16:159-173. [PMID: 38282575 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2023-0213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) are involved in gene expression regulation. Although functional roles of eRNAs in the pathophysiology of neoplasms have been reported, their involvement in gastric cancer (GC) is less known. Materials & methods: A network-based integrative approach was utilized for analyzing transcriptome and epigenome alterations in GC, and an eRNA was selected for experimental validation. Survival analysis and clinicopathological associations were also performed. Results: A hub eRNA, ENSR00000272060, showed significantly increased expression in tumor versus nontumor tissues, as well as an association with clinicopathological features. A seven-gene prognostic model was also constructed. Conclusion: The constructed network provides a comprehensive understanding of the underlying processes implicated in the progression of GC, along with a starting point from which to derive potential diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basireh Bahrami
- Department of Genetics & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, 8174673461, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Markus Wolfien
- Institute for Medical Informatics & Biometry, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, 01307, Germany
| | - Parvaneh Nikpour
- Department of Genetics & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, 8174673461, Isfahan, Iran
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Choi Y, Lee Y, Kim JS, Zhang P, Kim J. USP39-Mediated Non-Proteolytic Control of ETS2 Suppresses Nuclear Localization and Activity. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1475. [PMID: 37892157 PMCID: PMC10604658 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
ETS2 is a member of the ETS family of transcription factors and has been implicated in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and tumorigenesis. The aberrant activation of ETS2 is associated with various human cancers, highlighting its importance as a therapeutic target. Understanding the regulatory mechanisms and interacting partners of ETS2 is crucial for elucidating its precise role in cellular processes and developing novel strategies to modulate its activity. In this study, we conducted binding assays using a human deubiquitinase (DUB) library and identified USP39 as a novel ETS2-binding DUB. USP39 interacts with ETS2 through their respective amino-terminal regions, and the zinc finger and PNT domains are not required for this binding. USP39 deubiquitinates ETS2 without affecting its protein stability. Interestingly, however, USP39 significantly suppresses the transcriptional activity of ETS2. Furthermore, we demonstrated that USP39 leads to a reduction in the nuclear localization of ETS2. Our findings provide valuable insights into the intricate regulatory mechanisms governing ETS2 function. Understanding the interplay between USP39 and ETS2 may have implications for therapeutic interventions targeting ETS2-related diseases, including cancer, where the dysregulation of ETS2 is frequently observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunsik Choi
- Department of Life Sciences, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuri Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Seo Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Peijing Zhang
- Department of Biological Pharmaceutics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jongchan Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
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Qu X, Cao YX, Xing YX, Liu Q, Li HJ, Yang WH, Wang BQ, Han SY, Wang YS. Deleted in lymphocytic leukemia 2 (DLEU2): a possible biomarker that holds promise for future diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2023; 25:2772-2782. [PMID: 37095423 PMCID: PMC10462543 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03149-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of deleted in lymphocytic leukemia 2 (DLEU2)-long non-coding RNA in tumors has become a major point of interest in recent research related to the occurrence and development of a variety of tumors. Recent studies have shown that the long non-coding RNA DLEU2 (lncRNA-DLEU2) can cause abnormal gene or protein expression by acting on downstream targets in cancers. At present, most lncRNA-DLEU2 play the role of oncogenes in different tumors, which are mostly associated with tumor characteristics, such as proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis. The data thus far show that because lncRNA-DLEU2 plays an important role in most tumors, targeting abnormal lncRNA-DLEU2 may be an effective treatment strategy for early diagnosis and improving the prognosis of patients. In this review, we integrated lncRNA-DLEU2 expression in tumors, its biological functions, molecular mechanisms, and the utility of DLEU2 as an effective diagnostic and prognostic marker of tumors. This study aimed to provide a potential direction for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of tumors using lncRNA-DLEU2 as a biomarker and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Qu
- Shandong First Medical University, No. 6699, Qingdao Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Yu-Xia Cao
- Medical Research and Laboratory Diagnostic Center, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No.105, Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China
| | - Yuan-Xin Xing
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No.105, Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Shandong University, No. 44, Wenhua West Road, Jinan, 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Huan-Jie Li
- Medical Integration and Practice Center, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wei-Hua Yang
- Medical Research and Laboratory Diagnostic Center, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No.105, Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China
| | - Ban-Qin Wang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, China.
| | - Shu-Yi Han
- Medical Research and Laboratory Diagnostic Center, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No.105, Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China.
| | - Yun-Shan Wang
- Medical Research and Laboratory Diagnostic Center, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No.105, Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China
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Ren L, Yang X, Liu J, Wang W, Liu Z, Lin Q, Huang B, Pan J, Mao X. An innovative model based on N7-methylguanosine-related lncRNAs for forecasting prognosis and tumor immune landscape in bladder cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:85. [PMID: 37158958 PMCID: PMC10165842 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02933-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a novel type of the prevalent post-transcriptional modifications, N7-methylguanosine (m7G) modification is essential in the tumorigenesis, progression, and invasion of many cancers, including bladder cancer (BCa). However, the integrated roles of m7G-related lncRNAs in BCa remain undiscovered. This study aims to develop a prognostic model based on the m7G-related lncRNAs and explore its predictive value of the prognosis and anti-cancer treatment sensitivity. METHODS We obtained RNA-seq data and corresponding clinicopathological information from the TCGA database and collected m7G-related genes from previous studies and GSEA. Based on LASSO and Cox regression analysis, we developed a m7G prognostic model. The Kaplan-Meier (K-M) survival analysis and ROC curves were performed to evaluate the predictive power of the model. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted to explore the molecular mechanisms behind apparent discrepancies between the low- and high-risk groups. We also investigated immune cell infiltration, TIDE score, TMB, the sensitivity of common chemotherapy drugs, and the response to immunotherapy between the two risk groups. Finally, we validated the expression levels of these ten m7G-related lncRNAs in BCa cell lines by qRT-PCR. RESULTS We developed a m7G prognostic model (risk score) composed of 10 m7G-related lncRNAs that are significantly associated with the OS of BCa patients. The K-M survival curves revealed that the high-risk group patients had significantly worse OS than those in the low-risk group. The Cox regression analysis confirmed that the risk score was a significant independent prognostic factor for BCa patients. We found that the high-risk group had higher the immune scores and immune cell infiltration. Furthermore, the results of the sensitivity of common anti-BCa drugs showed that the high-risk group was more sensitive to neoadjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy and anti-PD1 immunotherapy. Finally, qRT-PCR revealed that AC006058.1, AC073133.2, LINC00677, and LINC01338 were significantly downregulated in BCa cell lines, while the expression levels of AC124312.2 and AL158209.1 were significantly upregulated in BCa cell lines compared with normal cell lines. CONCLUSION The m7G prognostic model can be applied to accurately predict the prognosis and provide robust directions for clinicians to develop better individual-based and precise treatment strategies for BCa patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ren
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinwen Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Weifeng Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Zixiong Liu
- Department of Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qingyuan Lin
- Department of Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jincheng Pan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xiaopeng Mao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
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Long noncoding RNA DLEU2 regulates the progression of Wilm's tumor via miR-539-3p/HOXB2 axis. J Pediatr Urol 2023; 19:25-32. [PMID: 36209036 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2022.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wilm's tumor is the most common renal cancer in the pediatric age group. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a kind of RNA transcripts longer than ∼200 nucleotides, which have been revealed to be involved in the progression of Wilm's tumor. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the function and molecular mechanism of deleted in lymphocytic leukemia 2 (DLEU2) lncRNA in Wilm's tumor progression. STUDY DESIGN Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of DLEU2, miR-539-3p and HOXB2 mRNA in Wilm's tumor tissues and cells. Cell counting kit-8 assay, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay, colony formation assay, transwell assay, and flow cytometry were applied to explore the function of DLEU2 in Wilm's tumor cell malignant phenotypes and the regulatory mechanism among DLEU2, miR-539-3p and HOXB2 in Wilm's tumor cells. Western blot examined the protein levels of Bax, Bcl-2 and HOXB2. The relationship between miR-539-3p and DLEU2 or HOXB2 was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Xenograft models of Wilm's tumor were established to study the role of DLEU2 in vivo. RESULTS DLEU2 and HOXB2 were significantly highly expressed in primary Wilm's tumor tissues and in vitro cell lines. Silencing of DLEU2 reduced the proliferation, migration and invasion of Wilm's tumor cells, and promoted cell apoptosis. MiR-539-3p was confirmed to be a target of DLEU2. DLEU2 silencing inhibited the malignant behaviors of Wilm's tumor cells by releasing miR-539-3p. In addition, HOXB2 was a target of miR-539-3p. Overexpression of HOXB2 partially restored the inhibitory effects of miR-539-3p on Wilm's tumor cell malignant behaviors. Animal experiments also confirmed the anti-tumor effects of DLEU2 silencing in vivo. CONCLUSION DLEU2 up-regulates the expression of HOXB2 by targetedly repressing miR-539-3p, thereby at least partially promoting the development of Wilm's tumor, these findings provided novel therapeutic targets for Wilm's tumor.
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The Role of Long Noncoding RNA (lncRNAs) Biomarkers in Renal Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010643. [PMID: 36614082 PMCID: PMC9820502 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma is one of the common cancers whose incidence and mortality are continuously growing worldwide. Initially, this type of tumour is usually asymptomatic. Due to the lack of reliable diagnostic markers, one-third of ccRCC patients already have distant metastases at the time of diagnosis. This underlines the importance of establishing biomarkers that would enable the prediction of the disease's course and the risk of metastasis. LncRNA, which modulates genes at the epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional levels, appears promising. The actions of lncRNA involve sponging and sequestering target miRNAs, thus affecting numerous biological processes. Studies have confirmed the involvement of RNAs in various diseases, including RCC. In this review, we focused on MALAT1 (a marker of serious pathological changes and a factor in the promotion of tumorigenesis), RCAT1 (tumour promoter in RCC), DUXAP9 (a plausible marker of localized ccRCC), TCL6 (exerting tumour-suppressive effects in renal cancer), LINC00342 (acting as an oncogene), AGAP2 Antisense1 (plausible predictor of RCC progression), DLEU2 (factor promoting tumours growth via the regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition), NNT-AS1 (sponge of miR-22 contributing to tumour progression), LINC00460 (favouring ccRCC development and progression) and Lnc-LSG1 (a factor that may stimulate ccRCC metastasis).
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Sun L, Liu Z, Ning K, Wu Z, Chen Z, Wu Z, Yin X. Comprehensive Analysis of Cellular Senescence-Related Genes in Prognosis, Molecular Characterization and Immunotherapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Biol Proced Online 2022; 24:24. [PMID: 36536279 PMCID: PMC9761989 DOI: 10.1186/s12575-022-00187-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellular senescence is a tumor suppressive response in which the cell cycle is in a state of permanent arrest and can inhibit tumor cell proliferation. In recent years, induction of cellular senescence has been shown to be important for antitumor therapy, and the link between cellular senescence and clinical prognosis and immunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma is still unknown. METHODS We performed enrichment analysis of genes in three cellular senescence gene sets, screened for gene sets significantly enriched in hepatocellular carcinoma and extracted genes from them. Signature were constructed using senescence-related genes, and their expression was verified at the protein and RNA levels. Survival, clinical staging and grading, immune infiltration, immunotherapy, and drug sensitivity were also analyzed between risk groups. RESULTS The q-PCR and immunohistochemistry results revealed significant differences in the expression of the signature genes between normal and tumor tissues. Significant differences in clinicopathological features, prognosis and immune infiltration were observed between risk groups. In the low-risk group, better OS and lower TMB scores were demonstrated, while the high-risk group had higher immune checkpoint expression, as well as lower risk of immune escape. In addition, we found that the High-risk group was more sensitive to sorafenib. CONCLUSION In summary, the signature constructed using aging-related genes can reliably predict patient prognosis and immunotherapy efficacy, providing a new idea for immune system therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Sun
- grid.412455.30000 0004 1756 5980Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zitao Liu
- grid.412455.30000 0004 1756 5980Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ke Ning
- grid.412604.50000 0004 1758 4073Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhipeng Wu
- grid.412455.30000 0004 1756 5980Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhendong Chen
- grid.412455.30000 0004 1756 5980Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhengyi Wu
- grid.412455.30000 0004 1756 5980Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiangbao Yin
- grid.412455.30000 0004 1756 5980Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Fu Y, Li B, Huang R, Ji X, Bai WK. Long noncoding RNA DLEU2 promotes growth and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating miR-30a-5p/PTP4A1 axis. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 238:154078. [PMID: 36049439 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Increasing data indicate that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) DLEU2 is implicated in carcinogenesis in multiple malignancies including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the role and molecular mechanism by which lncRNA DLEU2 contributes to HCC remain unknown. The association of lncRNA DLEU2 with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis in patients with HCC was analyzed by qRT-PCR, and public TCGA dataset. CCK-8, colony formation and Transwell assays were performed to verify the role of lncRNA DLEU2 in HCC. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), luciferase gene report and qRT-PCR assays were employed to uncover lncRNA DLEU2-spevific binding with miR-30a-5p. The effect of lncRNA DLEU2 and (or) miR-30a-5p on PTP4A1 expression was examined by Western blot analysis. As a consequence, we found that lncRNA DLEU2 was upregulated in HCC tissue samples and associated with distant metastasis and poor survival in patients with HCC. Knockdown of lncRNA DLEU2 impaired HCC cell proliferation, colony formation and invasion, but ectopic expression of lncRNA DLEU2 abolished these effects. Furthermore, lncRNA DLEU2 harbored a negative correlation and specific binding with miR-30a-5p in HCC cells. Knockdown of lncRNA DLEU2 upregulated miR-30a-5p, but downregulated its target PTP4A1, and miR-30a-5p abrogated lncRNA DLEU2-induced tumor-promoting effects and PTP4A1 upregulation. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that lncRNA DLEU2 promotes growth and invasion of HCC cells by regulating miR-30a-5p/ PTP4A1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchao Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - BingBing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, China
| | - Renzheng Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Xia Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, China.
| | - Wen-Kun Bai
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
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The lncRNA ZNF667-AS1 Inhibits Propagation, Invasion, and Angiogenesis of Gastric Cancer by Silencing the Expression of N-Cadherin and VEGFA. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:3579547. [PMID: 35813862 PMCID: PMC9270142 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3579547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose. Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignancies with high mortality worldwide. It is known that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer. This study investigates the role of lncRNA ZNF667-AS1 in gastric cancer cells. Methods. We have applied real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) to study the levels of ZNF667-AS1 in gastric cancer biopsies and cell lines. The effects of ZNF667-AS1 on the propagation, clonogenicity, metastasis, and angiogenesis of gastric cancer cells were evaluated by calorimetry, colony formation, cell migration, and angiogenesis assays. Western blotting was used to identify the levels of proteins involved in cancer invasion and angiogenesis signaling pathways. Result. It was found that lncRNA ZNF667-AS1 was downregulated in gastric cancer biopsies. Overexpression of ZNF667-AS1 reduced the propagation, migration, and angiogenesis of gastric cancer cells. Molecular mechanism studies displayed that the high level of lncRNA ZNF667-AS1 promoted the expression of E-cadherin and inhibited the expression of N-cadherin and VEGFA, leading to the inhibition of the proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of gastric cancer cells. Conclusion. As a tumor suppressor gene, lncRNA ZNF667-AS1 significantly hinders the propagation, metastasis, and angiogenesis of gastric cancer cells by promoting the expression of E-cadherin and inhibiting the expression of N-cadherin and VEGFA. Therefore, lncRNA ZNF667-AS1 could play a synergistic therapeutic role by targeting tumor cells and vascular endothelial cells, which represents a new therapeutic scheme for novel therapeutics of gastric cancer.
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Zhao Z, Zhang G, Yang J, Lu R, Hu H. DLEU2 modulates proliferation, migration and invasion of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB)-induced vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) via miR-212-5p/YWHAZ axis. Cell Cycle 2022; 21:2013-2026. [PMID: 35775826 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2079175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
DLEU2 has been proved to act as an oncogene in a variety of cancers, but its role in cardiovascular diseases is dearth of research. Thus, this study mainly discussed the effect and possible mechanism of DLEU2 on platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB)-triggered vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) injury. To obtain authentic results, the expressions of target genes in atherosclerosis serum were determined by reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and the protein levels were evaluated by Western blot. PDGF-BB was used to simply simulate the biological characteristics of VSMCs in vitro. The effect of DLEU2 on the biological behavior of PDGF-BB-induced VSMCs was analyzed by gain- and loss-of-function assays. Bioinformatics analysis, dual luciferase reporter assay, and Pearson correlation method were conducted to determine the relationship between target genes. The role of DLEU2/miR-212-5p/ YWHAZ (tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein zeta) axis in PDGF-BB-induced VSMCs was verified by rescue experiments. As a result, DLEU2 and YWHAZ were up-regulated, and miR-212-5p was down-regulated in atherosclerosis serum. Overexpressed DLEU2 facilitated the biological behavior of PDGF-BB-induced VSMCs, whilst siDLEU2 did the opposite. Moreover, overexpressed DLEU2 promoted proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression but repressed α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and Calponin expressions, while it also enhanced YWHAZ expression via suppressing miR-212-5p. MiR-212-5p mimic and siYWHAZ reversed the effects of overexpressed DLEU2 on above biological characteristics and protein expressions in PDGF-BB-induced VSMCs, while the regulatory effect of miR-212-5p mimic was partially offset by overexpressed YWHAZ. Collectively, DLEU2 modulates PDGF-BB-induced VSMC injury via miR-212-5p/YWHAZ axis in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiying Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Guangming Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Rui Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Haijuan Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
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Fu L, Shi Z, Chen B. Deleted in lymphocytic leukemia 2 induces retinoic acid receptor beta promoter methylation and mitogen activated kinase-like protein activation to enhance viability and mobility of colorectal cancer cells. Bioengineered 2022; 13:12847-12862. [PMID: 35611845 PMCID: PMC9275910 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2076482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is frequently linked to the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). This work explored the function of lncRNA deleted in lymphocytic leukemia 2 (DLEU2) in CRC and the epigenetic mechanism. Candidate oncogenes in CRC were predicted using a GSE146587 dataset. DLEU2 was highly expressed in CRC according to the bioinformatic analysis and its high expression was detected in CRC cells compared to the normal colon epithelial cells (FHC). Downregulation of DLEU2 in CRC SW480 and HT29 cells suppressed viability, migration, invasiveness, and resistance to apoptosis of cells. The mRNA microarray analysis was performed to explore the key molecules mediated by DLEU2. Retinoic acid receptor beta (RARB) expression was elevated in cells after DLEU2 downregulation. The promoter methylation of RARB was enhanced in CRC cells compared to normal FHC cells. DLEU2 induced promoter methylation of RARB to downregulate its expression. Further silencing of RARB restored proliferation and invasiveness of cells blocked by sh-DLEU2. Upregulation of DLEU2 activated the mitogen activated kinase-like protein (MAPK) signaling pathway to trigger CRC progression. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that DLEU2 enhances viability and mobility of CRC cells by inducing RARB promoter methylation and activating the MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Fu
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, P.R. China
| | - Zhitao Shi
- Department of General Surgery, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi. P.R. China
| | - Bingxue Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Changzhou No. 2 Peoples' Hospital, Changzhou, P.R. China
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Liu Z, Hu K, Wang X, Zhang Y, Wang W, Wu Y. lncRNA ACTA2-AS1 inhibits malignant phenotypes of gastric cancer cells. Open Med (Wars) 2022; 17:266-279. [PMID: 35274046 PMCID: PMC8854910 DOI: 10.1515/med-2021-0406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies in digestive system. Accumulating evidence reveals the critical role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in GC development. The study aimed to explore the functions and mechanism of lncRNA actin alpha 2, smooth muscle antisense RNA 1 (ACTA2-AS1) in GC. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses and subcellular fractionation assays showed that ACTA2-AS1 was lowly expressed in GC cells and was mainly distributed in the cytoplasm. Overexpressed ACTA2-AS1 inhibited GC cell viability, proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition process, as suggested by cell counting kit-8 assays, colony formation assays, wound healing assays, Transwell assays and Western blot analyses. Mechanistically, ACTA2-AS1 served as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to bind with miR-378a-3p and thereby, antagonized the inhibitory effect of miR-378a-3p on the expression of messenger RNA phosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase C X domain containing 2 (PLCXD2). The binding capacity between miR-378a-3p and ACTA2-AS1 (or PLCXD2) was detected by RNA pulldown assays, luciferase reporter assays and RNA immunoprecipitation assays. Moreover, PLCXD2 knockdown rescued the inhibitory effect of ACTA2-AS1 overexpression on malignant behaviors of GC cells. Overall, ACTA2-AS1 inhibits malignant phenotypes of GC cells by acting as a ceRNA to target miR-378a-3p/PLCXD2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiping Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Medical University of Anhui, Hefei 230011, Anhui, China
| | - Kaibing Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Medical University of Anhui, Hefei 230011, Anhui, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Medical University of Anhui, Hefei 230011, Anhui, China
| | - Youqian Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Medical University of Anhui, Hefei 230011, Anhui, China
| | - Weiping Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Medical University of Anhui, Hefei 230011, Anhui, China
| | - Yindi Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Hefei First People’s Group Hospital, 390 Huaihe Road, Luyang District, Hefei 230000, Anhui, China
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Fu S, Gong B, Wang S, Chen Q, Liu Y, Zhuang C, Li Z, Zhang Z, Ma M, Sun T. Prognostic Value of Long Noncoding RNA DLEU2 and Its Relationship with Immune Infiltration in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma and Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:8047-8064. [PMID: 34795513 PMCID: PMC8593347 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s336428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background DLEU2 is a long noncoding RNA considered important in the progression of many cancers. However, correlations between DLEU2 and kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) and liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) have rarely been reported. Methods We first analysed the expression of DLEU2 across cancers and the correlation between DLEU2 and the clinical features of KIRC and LIHC by using the “ggplot2” package in R and searched the Oncomine database and Timer website platform. We verified the expression of DLEU2 in the GEO dataset (GSE105261 and GSE45267). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn using the “pROC” and “ggplot2” packages in R, and we constructed a DLEU2-based prognostic nomogram for KIRC and LIHC by using the “survival” and “rms” packages in R. Then, we analysed the correlation between DLEU2 expression and prognosis in R as well as the correlation between DLEU2 and immune cell infiltration in the TIMER database. Finally, we explored the causes of DLEU2 upregulation in the UCSC Xena and UALCAN databases. Results We found that DLEU2 was upregulated in many cancers, including KIRC and LIHC. Expression of DLEU2 is associated with tumour stage, grade, lymphatic metastasis, and distant metastasis in KIRC as well as alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), tumour stage, grade, lymphatic metastasis, and distant metastasis in LIHC. DLEU2 is an adverse factor for the prognosis of KIRC and LIHC. In addition, DLEU2 has moderate accuracy in diagnosing KIRC and LIHC and predicting their prognosis. Moreover, we found that expression of DLEU2 correlated positively with immune cell infiltration in KIRC and LIHC, and upregulation of DLEU2 in KIRC and LIHC suggests a poor prognosis based on immune cells analysis. Genetic and epigenetic analyses of DLEU2 indicate that copy number variations (CNVs) and methylation contribute to the upregulation of DLEU2. Conclusion The long noncoding RNA DLEU2 has the potential to predict the prognosis and immune infiltration of KIRC and LIHC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengqiang Fu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Binbin Gong
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyuan Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifu Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Changshui Zhuang
- Department of Urology, Union Shenzhen Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhilong Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhicheng Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Ma
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Sun
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
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