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Mahin A, Chikmagalur Ravindra S, Ramesh P, Naik P, Raju R, Keshava Prasad TS, Abhinand CS. Unveiling Actin Cytoskeleton Role in Mediating Chikungunya-Associated Arthritis: An Integrative Proteome-Metabolome Study. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2024. [PMID: 38717066 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2024.0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Chikungunya is a zoonotic disease caused by the Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), primarily transmitted to humans through infected Aedes mosquitoes. The infection is characterized by symptoms such as high fever, musculoskeletal pain, polyarthritis, and a rash, which can lead to severe complications such as encephalitis, meningitis, and even fatalities. While many disease manifestations resemble those of other viral infections, chronic arthritis caused by CHIKV is unique, and its molecular mechanisms remain ill-defined. Materials and Methods: Proteomics data from both cellular and patient levels of CHIKV infection were curated from PubMed and screened using inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patient serum proteomics data obtained from P RIDE underwent reanalysis using Proteome Discoverer 2.2. Enrichment and protein-protein interaction network analysis were conducted on differentially expressed proteins from both serum and cellular datasets. Metabolite data from CHIKV-infected patients were further retrieved, and their protein binding partners were identified using BindingDB. The protein-metabolite interaction pathway was further developed using MetaboAnalyst. Results: The proteomics data analysis revealed differential expression of proteins involved in critical host mechanisms, such as cholesterol metabolism and mRNA splicing, during CHIKV infection. Consistent upregulation of two actin cytoskeleton proteins, TAGLN2 and PFN1, was noted in both serum and cellular datasets, and their upregulations are associated with arthritis. Furthermore, alterations in purine metabolism were observed in the integrative proteome-metabolome analysis, correlating with cytoskeletal remodelling. Conclusion: Collectively, this integrative view sheds light on the involvement of actin cytoskeleton remodeling proteins and purine metabolic pathways in the development of arthritis during CHIKV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Althaf Mahin
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Center, Yenepoya (Deemed to Be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Sourav Chikmagalur Ravindra
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Center, Yenepoya (Deemed to Be University), Mangalore, India
- Department of Biosciences, Mangalore University, Mangalore, India
| | - Poornima Ramesh
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Center, Yenepoya (Deemed to Be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Prashantha Naik
- Department of Biosciences, Mangalore University, Mangalore, India
| | - Rajesh Raju
- Centre for Integrative Omics Data Science (CIODS), Yenepoya (Deemed to Be University), Mangalore, India
| | | | - Chandran S Abhinand
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Center, Yenepoya (Deemed to Be University), Mangalore, India
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Sun H, Xu F, You D. CircPI4KA Overexpression Enhances Carcinogenesis and Glycolysis Metabolism in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma by Causing the miR-1287-5p-Mediated NRP2 Expression Elevation. Horm Metab Res 2023; 55:701-710. [PMID: 37813099 DOI: 10.1055/a-2153-7428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are implicated in regulating the pathogenesis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Herein, we aimed to investigate how circRNA phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase IIIα (circPI4KA, hsa_circ_0062389) functioned as an oncogene in PTC. CircPI4KA, microRNA-1287-5p (miR-1287-5p) and Neuropilin-2 (NRP2) level detection were completed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay. Cell proliferation was assessed through Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, colony formation assay, and EdU assay. Transwell assay was used for detecting migration and invasion abilities. Cell migration was also determined by wound healing assay. Cell apoptosis was assessed using flow cytometry assay. The protein examination was performed using western blot. Glycolysis was evaluated via commercial kits. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay were conducted for target analysis. The role of circPI4KA in vivo was explored and analyzed via tumor xenograft assay. CircPI4KA was significantly upregulated in PTC tissues and cells. Knockdown of circPI4KA suppressed proliferation, migration, invasion, glycolysis, and induced apoptosis of PTC cells. CircPI4KA interacted with miR-1287-5p in PTC cells. The antitumor function of circPI4KA downregulation was reversed by inhibition of miR-1287-5p. The miR-1287-5p directly targeted NRP2, and circPI4KA elevated the NRP2 expression by sponging miR-1287-5p. PTC progression was impeded by miR-1287-5p via targeting NRP2. Silencing circPI4KA inhibited tumor growth in vivo through the miR-1287-5p/NRP2 axis. The collective results revealed that circPI4KA induced the upregulation of NRP2 via sponging miR-1287-5p, thus acting as a carcinogenic factor in PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Sun
- Head, Neck and Thoracic Tumor Surgery, Huangshi Central Hospital, Edong Healthcare, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Institute of Technology, Huangshi, China
| | - Fen Xu
- Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Huangshi Central Hospital, Edong Healthcare, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Institute of Technology, Huangshi, China
| | - Dongyang You
- Head, Neck and Thoracic Tumor Surgery, Huangshi Central Hospital, Edong Healthcare, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Institute of Technology, Huangshi, China
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Mafi A, Mannani R, Khalilollah S, Hedayati N, Salami R, Rezaee M, Dehmordi RM, Ghorbanhosseini SS, Alimohammadi M, Akhavan-Sigari R. The Significant Role of microRNAs in Gliomas Angiogenesis: A Particular Focus on Molecular Mechanisms and Opportunities for Clinical Application. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:3277-3299. [PMID: 37414973 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01385-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs with only 20-22 nucleic acids that inhibit gene transcription and translation by binding to mRNA. MiRNAs have a diverse set of target genes and can alter most physiological processes, including cell cycle checkpoints, cell survival, and cell death mechanisms, affecting the growth, development, and invasion of various cancers, including gliomas. So optimum management of miRNA expression is essential for preserving a normal biological environment. Due to their small size, stability, and capability of specifically targeting oncogenes, miRNAs have emerged as a promising marker and new biopharmaceutical targeted therapy for glioma patients. This review focuses on the most common miRNAs associated with gliomagenesis and development by controlling glioma-determining markers such as angiogenesis. We also summarized the recent research about miRNA effects on signaling pathways, their mechanistic role and cellular targets in the development of gliomas angiogenesis. Strategies for miRNA-based therapeutic targets, as well as limitations in clinical applications, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Mafi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Reza Mannani
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Shayan Khalilollah
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Hedayati
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Raziyeh Salami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Malihe Rezaee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rohollah Mousavi Dehmordi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Sara Ghorbanhosseini
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mina Alimohammadi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Akhavan-Sigari
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Health Care Management and Clinical Research, Collegium Humanum Warsaw Management University Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Amicone L, Marchetti A, Cicchini C. The lncRNA HOTAIR: a pleiotropic regulator of epithelial cell plasticity. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:147. [PMID: 37308974 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02725-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a trans-differentiation process that endows epithelial cells with mesenchymal properties, including motility and invasion capacity; therefore, its aberrant reactivation in cancerous cells represents a critical step to gain a metastatic phenotype. The EMT is a dynamic program of cell plasticity; many partial EMT states can be, indeed, encountered and the full inverse mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) appears fundamental to colonize distant secondary sites. The EMT/MET dynamics is granted by a fine modulation of gene expression in response to intrinsic and extrinsic signals. In this complex scenario, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) emerged as critical players. This review specifically focuses on the lncRNA HOTAIR, as a master regulator of epithelial cell plasticity and EMT in tumors. Molecular mechanisms controlling its expression in differentiated as well as trans-differentiated epithelial cells are highlighted here. Moreover, current knowledge about HOTAIR pleiotropic functions in regulation of both gene expression and protein activities are described. Furthermore, the relevance of the specific HOTAIR targeting and the current challenges of exploiting this lncRNA for therapeutic approaches to counteract the EMT are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Amicone
- Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, Rome, 00161, Italy
| | - Alessandra Marchetti
- Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, Rome, 00161, Italy
| | - Carla Cicchini
- Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, Rome, 00161, Italy.
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Chen D, Jiang X, Luo H, Hua Q, Zhang F. CircPTPRM accelerates malignancy of papillary thyroid cancer via miR-885-5p/DNMT3A axis. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24688. [PMID: 36098040 PMCID: PMC9551131 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are implicated in carcinogenesis, including papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Despite of previous reports regarding the high expression of circPTPRM in PTC, the role and regulatory mechanism remain to be investigated. Methods CircPTPRM and miR‐885‐5p expression were examined, and the effects on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were also measured. Immunoblotting was performed to evaluate DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A) and the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT)‐associated proteins. Results CircPTPRM was overexpressed in PTC tissues and cell lines, which predicted poor prognosis. CircPTPRM inhibition significantly alleviated the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities. It was subsequently confirmed that circPTPRM competed with miR‐885‐5p for DNMT3A binding. CircPTPRM promoted PTC progression via miR‐885‐5p/DNMT3A signal axis. Conclusion Our data elucidated that circPTPRM may play an oncogenic role in PTC through circPTPRM/miR‐885‐5p/DNMT3A axis
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Affiliation(s)
- Daping Chen
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Xianning Central Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xijiao Jiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First People's Hospital of Jiangxia District, Xiehe Jiangnan Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Huizhou Luo
- Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qingquan Hua
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Farong Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First People's Hospital of Jiangxia District, Xiehe Jiangnan Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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MicroRNA-613 Enhances Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cell Radiosensitivity via the DNA Methyltransferase 3B/Tissue Inhibitor of Matrix Metalloproteinase-3/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription-1/Forkhead Box O-1 Axis. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:5699275. [PMID: 36061358 PMCID: PMC9439912 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5699275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a common malignancy of the nasopharynx, and radioresistant represents the main obstacle in NPC treatment. Malignant transformation of normal cells is driven by genetic and epigenetic changes, which are primarily manifested as changes in miRNA levels and DNA methylation status. microRNA (miR)-613 plays an inhibitory role in several types of cancer. Herein, the current study sought to explore the roles of miR-613 in NPC cell radiosensitivity. miR-613 expression patterns in NPC tissues were detected, and its correlation with clinical indexes was analyzed. NP-69 and C666-1 cell lines were selected for cellular experimentation. Radioresistant cell line C666-1R was obtained by fractionated radiation. Cell viability, survival fraction, and apoptosis were detected by CCK-8, colony formation assay, and flow cytometry. The binding relation between miR-613 and DNMT3B was verified by dual-luciferase and RIP assays. miR-613 was lowly expressed in NPC tissues and cells, with lower expression levels in C666-1R than C666-1, and further correlated with lymph node metastasis, tumor size, and tumor metastasis. miR-613 overexpression reduced C666-1R cell viability and survival fraction and increased apoptosis, while C666-1 cells with silencing miR-613 presented the opposite trends. miR-613 targeted DNMT3B. miR-613 and DNMT3B overexpression led to enhanced C666-1R cell viability and survival fraction and decreased apoptosis. miR-613 reduced TIMP3 methylation and elevated TIMP3 protein level by inhibiting DNMT3B. miR-613 enhanced NPC radiosensitivity by inhibiting the DNMT3B/TIMP3/STAT1/FOXO1 pathway. Collectively, miR-613 inhibited DNMT3B, reduced TIMP3 methylation, and increased TIMP3 protein level, thus inhibiting the STAT1/FOXO1 pathway and enhancing the radiosensitivity of NPC cells.
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Hamidi AA, Taghehchian N, Basirat Z, Zangouei AS, Moghbeli M. MicroRNAs as the critical regulators of cell migration and invasion in thyroid cancer. Biomark Res 2022; 10:40. [PMID: 35659780 PMCID: PMC9167543 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-022-00382-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (TC) is one of the most frequent endocrine malignancies that is more common among females. Tumor recurrence is one of the most important clinical manifestations in differentiated TC which is associated with different factors including age, tumor size, and histological features. Various molecular processes such as genetic or epigenetic modifications and non-coding RNAs are also involved in TC progression and metastasis. The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an important biological process during tumor invasion and migration that affects the initiation and transformation of early-stage tumors into invasive malignancies. A combination of transcription factors, growth factors, signaling pathways, and epigenetic regulations affect the thyroid cell migration and EMT process. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important molecular factors involved in tumor metastasis by regulation of EMT-activating signaling pathways. Various miRNAs are involved in the signaling pathways associated with TC metastasis which can be used as diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers. Since, the miRNAs are sensitive, specific, and non-invasive, they can be suggested as efficient and optimal biomarkers of tumor invasion and metastasis. In the present review, we have summarized all of the miRNAs which have been significantly involved in thyroid tumor cells migration and invasion. We also categorized all of the reported miRNAs based on their cellular processes to clarify the molecular role of miRNAs during thyroid tumor cell migration and invasion. This review paves the way of introducing a non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic panel of miRNAs in aggressive and metastatic TC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Abbas Hamidi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Negin Taghehchian
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Basirat
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Sadra Zangouei
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Circ_100395 impedes malignancy and glycolysis in papillary thyroid cancer: involvement of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Immunol Lett 2022; 246:10-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2022.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Wang H, Zhang X, Liu C, Chen S, Liu X, Fan S. TAGLN2-Regulated Trophoblast Migration, Invasion and Fusion are Impaired in Preeclampsia. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:810633. [PMID: 35281112 PMCID: PMC8904561 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.810633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious disease during pregnancy that affects approximately eight million mothers and infants worldwide each year and is closely related to abnormal trophoblast function. However, research on placental trophoblast functional abnormalities is insufficient, and the etiology of PE is unclear. Here, we report that the expression of transgelin-2 (TAGLN2) was downregulated in the placenta of patients with PE. In addition, a lack of TAGLN2 significantly reduced the ability of trophoblasts to migrate, invade and fuse. A co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and microscale thermophoresis analysis showed that TAGLN2 bound directly to E-cadherin. A decrease in TAGLN2 expression led to a reduction in cleavage of the E-cadherin extracellular domain, thereby regulating the function of trophoblasts. In addition, we found that a reduction in soluble E-cadherin may also have an effect on blood vessel formation in the placenta, which is necessary for normal placental development. What’s more, the in vivo mouse model provided additional evidence of TAGLN2 involvement in the development of PE. By injecting pregnant mice with Ad-TAGLN2, we successfully generated a human PE-like syndrome that resulted in high blood pressure and some adverse pregnancy outcomes. Overall, the association between TAGLN2 and PE gives a new insight into PE diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecological Diseases, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chunfeng Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecological Diseases, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shengfu Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyang Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecological Diseases, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shangrong Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecological Diseases, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Shangrong Fan,
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Zhu X, Wang X, Gong Y, Deng J. E-cadherin on epithelial-mesenchymal transition in thyroid cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:695. [PMID: 34930256 PMCID: PMC8690896 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02344-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid carcinoma is a common malignant tumor of endocrine system and head and neck. Recurrence, metastasis and high malignant expression after routine treatment are serious clinical problems, so it is of great significance to explore its mechanism and find action targets. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is associated with tumor malignancy and invasion. One key change in tumour EMT is low expression of E-cadherin. Therefore, this article reviews the expression of E-cadherin in thyroid cancers (TC), discuss the potential mechanisms involved, and outline opportunities to exploit E-cadherin on regulating the occurrence of EMT as a critical factor in cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhu
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Zhijiang Middle Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Zhijiang Middle Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200040, China.
| | - Yifei Gong
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Zhijiang Middle Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Junlin Deng
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Zhijiang Middle Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200040, China
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